UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 ' ' •• - --'t @ OJ Limited Official Use RELEASE IN FULL April 17 1972 To S PC - Mr Cargo From Jac Perry Dissent t The Soviet Union and Vietnam Through the Department's established procedure I wish to submit my strongly held views on this critical subject I first sought to affect policy as it was being made On April 8 I submitted to Mr Richard T Davies a draft me orandum from Mr Hillenbrand to the Secretary covering a draft memorandum for the Secretary to send to the President During the week I asked about my drafts and made several efforts to have them moved forward Unfortunately Mr Davies had to leave for Moscow before I could speak with him again but I believe my assumption is correct that he judged my drafts would not express considered Departmental poli·cy I of course accept this as proper but it is for this reason that I turn to the dissent channel It is my conviction that profound American interests are being jeopardized by our present course in Vietnam insofar as it re1at to the USSR I wish to seek to affect our present policy in any way open to me As a loyal Foreign Service Officer I do not believe in leaking or in public dissent but I do hope my views will be given due consideration A word about my credentials for commenting I began studying Soviet· affairs in 1951 have been in Soviet affairs continuously in the Foreign Service since 1959 served in Moscow from 1962 to 1964 and worked on the Soviet side of the Vietnam talks in Paris under both Harriman and Lodge from May 1968 to July 1969 - I am now on the Soviet Desk UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 UNC ASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 Limited Official Use THE SOVIET UNION AND VIETNAM I will argue in this paper that the present U S course of action towards Vietnam places the Moscow summit in jeopardy and endangers American interests of far greater importance than the current military situation in Vietnam Keeping the Soviet perspective in mind the following are the key developments leading to the pr sent Vietnam situation 1 Out of the long history of the war three fundamental facts stand out First the Soviet Union has always been committed to the DRV as a socialist ally Second the bombing of the DRV launched when Kosygin was in Hanoi always put the USSR in an acutely embarrassing situation especially in the competition with Peking Third against Chinese wishes the Soviets worked to get the DRV and NLF to negotiate in Paris Our policy of rrVietnamization apparently looked to the Soviets like a turning of our backs on the Paris talks as a serious negotiating channel 2 Most recently the President's trip to Peking exacerbated the USSR's problems in dealing with Hanoi Competing with the PRC for influence the Soviets condemned the PRe for ignoring or even betraying the Vietnamese cause The continuation of Soviet aid to Hanoi was essential in the Sino-Soviet context although there are strong indications that the USSR refused to give all that Hanoi wanted 3 Our new position on the Paris talks taken by Hanoi to be a boycott put Moscow--the advocate of the talks--in a weaker arguing position in Hanoi The approach of the Moscow summit made it harder for the Soviets to show weakness in supporting Hanoi 4 The weight of the evidence strongly argues that Moscow did not encourage the present DRV offensive but was in no position to dissuade Hanoi from launching it Moscow was obligated to provide aid and express some support Backing away from military aid commitments was a policy the Politburo could not have agreed on UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 Limited Official Use 2 At present our public signals to Moscow followed by the bombing of Haiphong and Hanoi have put the Soviets in an acutely embarrassing position In my opinion we should not imagine that because of our opening to China we have the Soviets in a position of weakness from which they cannot afford to react to our moves Almost the opposite is more likely true •• Unless they are to look weak--to the world and to each other within the Politburo--they will be forced to react The potential loss for American interests I believe is much more serious than any loss we could suffer now in Vietnam '1 believe the Soviets see their own situation at present as follows Their aid commitment to the DRV cannot be reneged upon The Soviets do not control Hanoi They must demonstrate loyalty must work out their arms delivery policy-from a poor negotiating position and cannot impose political or military advice In the absence of Paris negotiations or any move back towards the table in Paris their influence is lessened and the renewed bombing exposes Moscow to charges of complicity with imperialism in moving towards the summit Larger Soviet purposes dictate continued attachment to the summit especially the desire to keep up with Peking and not promote further U S -PRe rapprochement but the pressures from the Vietnam situation are more immediate and become inexorable Once put on the spot as Hanoi's essential ally the Soviets must live up to the commitment as a matter of priority over most other things Cancellation or postponement of the summit would be a probable step and if the military situation continued bad- if the bombing escalat --then stepped-up military aid measures would have to follow Some U S -Soviet negotiations now in progress might be kept going for specific purposes but the Soviets would be likely to move towards another freeze in U S Soviet relations This I repeat is how I believe the Soviets see their situation now my I do not know if our current policy is aimed at Moscow as well as Hanoi I suspect the Soviets think it is because of the President's public stateme ts over recent days Regardless of whether our policy is aimed at Hanoi alone or at both Hanoi and Hoscow I would ar-gue that the risks are more important than the possible gains We have tried bombing before and it failed to accomplish our military aims although the political damage to the United States around the world was incalculable Even if our bombing attains short-term military ends I JNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date ·07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 Limited Official Use 3 strongly believe that a long-range U S policy in Indochina cannot be based upon it My own conviction is that the potential benefits of concrete improvements in U S -Soviet relations of East-West relations in Europe and elsewhere enormously outweigh the short-term military advantages we hope to gain by our present course in Vietnam The fact is that we cannot compel the USSR to alter its own policy towards Vietnam or Hanoi's policy on the ground and I believe those who know Vietnam better than I do would also say that our military pressure cannot compel Hanoi to alter its tactics except over a very limited time span And meanwhile the harm to American interests elsewhere beginning with our Soviet relationship can be lasting and deep Therefore I would plead for a cessation of U s statements tending to put responsibility on the Soviet Union for events in Vietnam and would urge an avoidance of the type of bombings of the DRV which might force the Soviets to take compensatory political or military steps UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 U t'FIED U S D p rtment of State Case No F-20 J Doc No C17 9 Date o T ' J1N 'lJt # 'OJ - r • - ' t '¢ Y '1 J7' tTES o Department of State § f tf if' ELEASE IN PART B61 l Y TELEGRAM c scr q LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE t A BANGKO 05767 549 272352Z BEST COPY AVAILABLE 62 ACT-ION SS 14 INFO OCT-01 015 W 002685' R 260901Z APR 72 FM A fMRASSY BANGKOK TO SlrSTATE WASHoe 292 L JTfO OFFICIAL' USE C Q C TED B NGKOK COP Y 5767 IRAISE CLASSIFIC TION TO LiMIT n OFFICIAL USE PER R PETERSON sipc JSOM RA'NGI OK l i SSF NT S GJ CHANNEL sTA rEMENT OF OPposrTIO TO THE BOMB1 G OF HAIPHONG I THIS CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTED Byl 86 2 w 'THE ABOVE-MENTIONED UNITED STATES FOREIGN SERVltE' RESERVE O' F LCERS CURRENTLY SERVING WITH THE' AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IUSOM IN THAlLAND HEREI FORMALLY REGIstER oG QPPQSr1rON TO THE RECENT' MILITARY ACTION TAKEN BY THE UNITED STATES 11nAlt -iST lHE DEMOCRATI'C R EPURLIC OF'VIETNAM 3 W AV CHOSEN TH1S'MENTHOD TO OMMUNICATE OUR DrSAPPROV L· AS iT REP £SENTS THF SOLE O FICIALLY SANCTION D FORUM FOR ' OREIGN S V CE EM lOYEES TO EXPRESS THEIR OI$SENT AND BECAUSE WE CON rDER ANY UNRESTRATN DI PU IC C tTICISM ON OUR PART EiTHER 'INAU Y Oi THROUGH THE NEW S MED I A I AS SE RV I NG NO USEFUL PURPOSE 'QEV Ri ONCEIVABLE ARGUMENT' FOR OR AGAINST THE W R HAviNG L n F j I' C f3 i E N MAD F • c ' - c 1 E f GPo ROT HE A 1 RAT T ACK SAG A 1 NS T F UE LAN DOT HER cr- LIMITED OFFICl L ·USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980029 Date 07 31 2017 S TOR AGI ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980029 Date 07 31 2017 1 ' ' 1 ' · 1 Department of State TELEGRAM LiMITED OFFICIAL USE B AN G K 0 til 5 767 272 3 5 2 Z P AGE 0 2 FACILITIES AT HAIPHONG AND THE MASSING 'OF CONSIDERABLE AIR AND SEA FORCES IN rHE AREA PRESUMABLY TO FORESTALL FURTHER NORTH·viETNAM SE THRUSTS IN TI -lE SOUTH 1 AS A BRE ACH OJ ' 'THE SP I RiT· iF' NOT THE LE TTE·R OF C ''' 1 Sf-ATED P JLICY TO biSENGA'GE FROM THE INDO-CHINA 'CONF'LICTj AND AS SUCH'CONSTITUTES AN ILL-TIMEDI ENTIREL IDEFENSIBLE ESC ATioN O nsTILITIES WH 'HER INITIATED AS A PRECAUTIONARY MEASU E fo S r t GU ARD R£ MAI NI NG Uf I I TED S T ATE S Tf' 00 PSI N SOU TH V lET NAM 0 R TO BUY JOOITyONAL TIME aR VI TNAMIZATIONI THE RETALIATO Y RiI6S ON f i-Zli 15 16 JERE UNWARRANTED WHAT TS MORE THEY ARE LIKELY' TO l· - us SUBSTANTiAL SUPPORT WITH ' I THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNyTY AS W L AS AT HOME ND RUN THE VERY REAL RISK OF PROVOKING CO NTRIES W · ' ' 1' f lOW HA' E LIMITED 'THE 1SF LVES TD M TERIAL SUPPORT OF THE WE DO NOT CONSID R THE RISK OF ANY OF THESE ALTERNATIVE OUTcOMES waRT THE TEMPOR RY REL E THE UNITED STATES IS LIKELY TO ACHiEVE FOR OUTH V r TNAM BY ITS ACTIONS FURTHERMORE WE DEPLoRE THE FAr IRE TO C8NSIDER OTH R OPTIONS WHICH THIS ACTION REPRESENTSo f FFL OTHER NATIONS OF THE WORLD WILL MERELY FIND RENEWED JUS1JFI ATION OP THEIR VIEW THAT TH u s INTEREST IN WORLD AFFAIRS IS tYPRESSED PRIMARILY IN MILITARy TERMS AND THAT WE ARE ONLY· INr ESTcn IN MILITARY DOMINANct wHilE DiSAPPROVING OF UNITED ST TFS RESUMPTION OF anMBING WE IN NO WAY CONDONE THE RECE T HOVeS OF TI -lE NORTH VIET AMESE TO ESTABLISH ITS DOMINANCE OVER THE-SOUTH THROUGH FORCE O AQMS RAfHER E FEEL AND WHOLE HEA TEOLY DNDORSE THE COURSE OF ACTION THE ADMINISTRATION 'EMBARKED UPO I IN THE 196R WITHDRAWAL WE APPEAL TO THE PRESIDENT TO DHERE TO T lS· POLICY AT ALL tOSTS MTLIT l RY TRTUMPH AT TYIS JUNCTURE- IS WELL EYOND THE GRA$P OF THE STATES BUT IS IS NOT TOO LATE TO SALvAGE PART OF THE NATIONAL F' I ' q' r G' ' I E H AV f SAC Rr F ref D r N v lET NAM 0 VE' R THE LAS T 'D ECAD E ' ULT1MATFLY' THE u s HAS OFTEN DECLARED SINCE 1968 soutH vIETNAM UST ASSUM Q SPONSIBrL TY FOR PRESERVING ITS NATIONAL SO EREIGNTYo UNlr D OUR U 3S GOVERNM NT IS NOW PREPARED TO PUT ITS CONFIDENCE tN V r f TN P'l l AT rON TOT HE' T 17 S T E VEN R I SKI NG 1 T S F A I L UREI u S • ' ''' ' 1S iT nLl R MAIN'DIRF CT ' ' Nf OUR COMMITMENT OPEN-ENDEDI '1 ¥i l ' OF WHlCH ARE ATTRACTIVE PROSPECTS t t · i M HOPr I i ' TH T AT Nt ' THE NIXON nOCTRINE REPRESENTS A SINCERE Pfl rcY OPTIONS FOR THE 1970'S AND TO LEAV E 'LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980029 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980029 Date 07 31 2017 i Department of State TELEGRAM LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 03 BANGKO 05767 272352Z EHiND THE NARROW MI jTARY DOMINATED OPTioNS WHICH WERE CONSIDERED THE ONLY VALID ONES DURING TH i96 'S iF NEW OPTIONS ARE TO BE CONSIDERE6 WE CONSIPER IT ESSENTIAL THAT WE NOT iL OW ·OURSELVES TO BE TEMPTED TO USE THE OLD AND EASILY AVAILABLE t C r c f 1 TS I AS WED rD JNTH E B0MBIN GJ UN TI L WE HAVE 'E XHAU ST D • ' nYHf R MEANS U l j i LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980029 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 - j b Department of State • TELEGRAM LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PA GE ell B ANGK 0 1 36220 947 352222Z RELEASE IN PART Bsl 66 1 ' ACTION SS-14 INFO OCT-01 10 5 w 065651 R' 040 7Z MAY 7 ' F'M Af 1EM8ASSY BANGKOK' TO SECSTATE WASHDC' 159 LiMITED OFFICIAL USE B NGKOK USqM C TED 6220 - 'O' J UPGRAD I NG FM UNCLAS TO LJ MI TED' OFF r CAL USE BANGKOK otSSF 'NT CHANNEL SUBJI I STATEMENT OF OPPOSITION TO THE BOMBiNG 'OF' THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM' I PEN DIN G EST ABLIS HMEN T 0 F' A I 0' PRO CED URES FOR CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTED 'Bvl 2 I D T SSE' N I'_ T HIS QUOTE I I A UN IT ED STATES 'FORE I GN SERV iCE RSSERVE 'OFF 1 i ER I CURRE' nLY SERVING wiTH THE 'U S AGENCV FOR INTERNATlONAL DEVELOP MENT USOM IN THAILAND FORMALLY REGIST ER 'MY OPPOSI'FiON rO -THE _ RECENT MIL I T ARY ACT I ON ' TAKEN BV' THE UN I TED STATES AG A I NST' THE DEMOr RATIC REPUBLIC OF ViETNAM 1 DRV 0 Q 30 I TAKE 'TH I S Po's IT ION AS I STRONGLY FEEL 'THA T 'THE 8'OMB I NG 'OF r HE DRV IS ADVERSE TO THE BEST INTERESTS QF THE U So AND 'CONSTITUT ES AN ANGRY AND I NTEMPER ATE REA CT ION OF 'THE UN TED ST ATSS RAtHF 'R THAN 'AN OBJECT VE AND PRODUCT i VE 'ACT OF A GREAT N TI ON 'PROTECT i NG iTS PERCEIVED NTERESTS IN SOYTHEAST ASIA- r 40 VIEWED FROM ITS VARioUS ASPECTS OUR MILIT RY ACTIONS IN THE NORT CAN ONLY SERVE TO A D THE bRVtS ATTEMPT Tb rAKE OVER THE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE '7 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 Department of State TELEGRAM LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 02 BANGKO 06220 052222l AVAIL'ABLE EV1DENCE pERSUASIVEL y iNDrCATES 'THAT BOMBiNG HAIP ONG AND OTHER A E S THE NORfHI THOUG B iNG Nd A ci$ jp AND MISERY TO THE 'PEOPLE DOES NOT HAVE ANY APPREC I ABL E ADVERSE EFFECT ON 'THE ABILiTY OF 'THE D-RV'TO CONTINUE ii's Mi iTARY OP E RATioNS OU TS r DE ITS BORDER S RA n ER IT SERVES' TO 13R iN G THE- P SOPL E 'OF THE NORTH TOGETHER GAINST A COMMONI 'TANGIBLE AND IMMEDIATE ENEMY THE UN i TED' STp TES THE ' BOMB 1 NG 'TENDS TO MOT I VA TE' 't E PEoPi E ' OF THE' NORTH TO' STRONGER EFFORT S TO OVERCOME' THE PHy stCAL' DAMAGE 'OF THAT' B 0 MBIN G AND TOG I VET HEM ADD r T ION AL E ASON S TO B ACi ' j HE j R' L EAD E R S IN THEIR ATTEMP f'TO MILITARILY'CONQUER THE SOUTHAQ iN Bo THE BOM8INGOP THE NORTH INDIRECTLY ENCOURAGES -THE INTRANSIGENCE OF THE OTHER SIDE AT'THE PARIS TALKS-BY DIRECTLY' ENCOURAGING SINt ERE AND WIDESPREAD PROTEsrs IN THE UNITED '$TATES THAT ARE INTERPRETED BY THE OTHER SIDE AS POPULAR SUPPORT -FOR THEiR POSITION THE LACK OF AN OBJECTIVE qATINALE -FOR THE RECENT OMBING ADDS TO THE CYNI ISM iN THE UNITED TATES CONtERNI G OUR DE lRE FOR A PEACEFUL SOLUTyON TO THE OILEMMA IN INDOCHINA TAKEN TOGtTHER THIS ADDS UP'TO DECREASED DOMESTIC 'SUPPORT FOR OUR-PARIS POSI ION HINDERING OUR srDE AT THE NEGOTIATING TABLE Co OUR BOMBING OF 'THE DRV IS A 'CHALLENGE' TO THE- P EOPLE 'S REPUP' L r C OF CH I NA AND THE USSR TO ST AND BY THE I R ALLYi THE DRV 0 TO DO OTHERWISE WOULD ERObE THEIR IMAGf I TH' THEIR $ATE LITES ANI TttE COUNTR I ES OF THE TH r Rf WORLD 'TH I S 'CHALLENGE -TO 'THE' wEADERs OF THE COMMUNIST WORLD j s BEST 'MET eY CON1'INUEDI IF' NOT 'NCREASEO SUPP'LU S TO THE DRV THESE' SH f PMEN i S OF SUPPL I ES HAVE iN 'THE 'P AST NEGATED MUCH OF ' THE EFFECT OUR A I R OPERA T IONS AGA I NST' THE 'NORTH AND- 'THE HOC H J MIN Hit T RA I L - iNA L Ll L I KE L 'I H0 0 0 I T WiLL' 0 0 S 0 AGAIN AGAr N' NO'THING IS GAINED BUT THE 'PROBABil ITY OR A NET LOSS ' is LARGE O OUR ALLy THE REPU Li 'OF VIETNAM IS HA RDPRESSED TO 'REPULSE THE CURRENT' COMMUN I ST ASSAUL T ON' THE i R COUNTRY IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THE RESOURCES 8E lNG' EXPENDED I N 'THE' NORTH COULD BE PUT To BETTE USE iN THE' SOUTH To DEF'E-AT THIS A55P u'l T W AT TROURLES ME MOST' ABOUT THE BOMBING OF THE 'NORTH IS ' H T IT IS' Nor'THE ACTIONS ONE WOULD ATTRIBUTE TO A GR'EAT NATION wITH SO LITTLE IF ANY EVIDENcE 'THAT 'SUCH MI LITAF Y ACTI'ONS 'l AN' HAVE A POSITIVE POLITICAL ANDinR MILITARy OUTCOME ONE MUST WONDER 50 IF U MITED OFFI IAL UsE - ' t -' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 UNC ASSIFIED · · ' · ···1 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 ' ' ' il Department of State LIMIT D PAGE 03 BANGKO 06220 TELEGRAM OFFICIAL USE 05222 Z OUR dUNTRY' HAS REACHED THE POINT T AT A MILiTARY RETALIAiORY REACTION IS THE ONLY Y WE CAN RESPO O TO A ·tHALLENGE TO OUR I NT ERE STSoC ERTAi NLy A GREA T NAT l' 0 N I FiT IS' Tcj REM'A I N GRe AT MUST HAVE THE SELF -CONF10ENCE AND SECUR I 'fy' To AcT OBUECT I VElY AND WiTH RESTRAINT OUR POWER is' TOO 'GREAT FOR 'US 'fo At PEEVISHLY WITHOUT GIVING OUR CURRENT AND POTENTIAL FRIENDS CAUSE 'FOR ALARM IF WE WANT PEOPLE TO-TRU i 'US AS'THis IS' T E O L BASis FOR TRUE FRIENDS I ·THEN WE MUST EARN 'THAT fRY$T BEHAVING' S A M TURE NA i I ON CAPABLE' OFn AC J NG ADVERSE 'EVENTS WITH iNA 'CON1 l I DENT ND RATIONAL MANNF R AS I CAN SEE NO RATIONAL' REASON F'08 BOMBI NI 3 'fHE DRYI I URGE A CHANGE IN U S POL·ICY TO ONE 'PROHIBITING A 'U· S MILITARY INCURSION INTO THE DRV NOW AND IN THE FUTURE lEND ·QUOTE UNGER NOT E I CLAS S '1 F rCA TI 0 N UP GR A DEDT 0 L'I MITE D 0 F FIe I AL· S E' PER RICHARD R PETERSON S Pt 515 72 LIMIT ED OFfICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980037 Date 07 31 2017 ' i 1J TELEGRAM 1 ·i Department of State UNCLASSIFIED 1 0 -- - - '1 ' r - ' ' 20 AC' ION INFO 899 • I I i 'L - ' SS-I4OCT·01 ' •• - - ' - 015 W ---· -- -· ____ - _ •• w_ i I j 1 - '1' • I ' r 1 J ' ' 4 • ' • 4 J '037127 R 05 2 0Z JUN 72 FM AMEMBASSY GUATEMALA TO SECSTATE WAS DC 7 UNCLAS GUATF MALA RELEASE IN PART 861 25 4 DISSENT CHANNEL ' THIS TELEGRAM TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIVW UBMJTTED -- I------------------------------------ 86 2' 3 FAM 629'I-JA STATES THAT IT IS T E POLICY OF STATE THAT THE SPOUSE OF A FOREiG SERVICE EMPLOYEE BE'O INTEND TO BE A U s CITfZEN I- Y CAr ADIAN RORN HIFELI_ _ _- _ __ I BECAMF A U S CITIZEN THROUGH NATURALIZATION IN JANU ARY 1970 86 FAH ·629 1-1B STATES THAT AN EMPLOYEE SSrGNED ABROAD WHO MARRIES AN ALIEN WJLL 8E TRANSF RRED AS QUICKLY AS FEASIBLE TO THE U S FOR A TOUR OF DUTY IN ORDER TO PROVIDE THE SPOUSE AN OPPORTUf IITY TO BECOME BETTER ACQUAINTED 'WITH L r FE I NTH E U' S AND TO' ACQ' IT RE C IT I ZEN S HIP ASS fAT EDAB 0 VE I MY WIFE HAS AEEN A U s CITtZEN FOR THE PAST TWO ND ONE-HALF yEARS SHE'· HAS SPENT ONE' HOME-LEAVE PE RIOD ANn ONE Rl R PERIOD IN THE U S PLUS SEVERAL PRIVATE vtsrrs TO THE U S fB E F O R E ' A N D A E T E R O U R M A R R I A r LF ' S HLE I______________________ 3·3 - - - I_ I _ 4' IN VIEW o THE FACT THAT y WiFE HAS BEEN A U s CITIZEN FOR TWO AND ONE-HALF Y ARS aND IS ACQUAINTED WITH IFE IN THE U Swl IT IS MY BELIEF THAJ WE HAVE MET THE REQUIREMENTS OF FAM 629 ANa A WASHINGTON ASSIGNMENT RASED UPON THIS POLICY IS NOT VALID UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980037 Date 07 31 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980037 Date 07 31 2017 ' j J TELEGRAM UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 02 GUATEM 02534 060647Z 5 IT SHOULD BE NOTED THA THE DEPARTM NT pbLICY 'CONCERNING I'S INC 0 N SIS TEN T - AND THE REF 0 RE 6 r S CRT MIN ATr NGIN Vr EW OF THE 'OEPARTMENTtS RFrFNT'ASSfGNME T TO MONROVIA dFI I L- __ __ WHO HAS A FOREIGN-BORN WIFE W O HAS NOT YET BEEN N TURALIZEb AFTER MANY YEARS bF MARRIAGE 3' F A M 629 6 REQUEST THIS TELEGRAM ALSa BE DISTRIBUTEb TO UN ER SECRETARY OF STATE FOR COMMUNJCATJONS uNOER SECRETARY of STATE FOR ADMINISTRATION AND CHIEF OF PERSONNELBOWOlER U CLASS I F J ED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980037 Date 07 31 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980047 Date 07 31 2017 o j' - -4 ' l q • JJ ¢p artment of' State • PA§ i 01 TEGUe I Q 23 j 3 TELEGRAM 'Pl82093Z '1 16 AC rON S··14 i N O ocr -0 1 ' 0·1-5' 'W ••• • • • R 0 72205Z JULj 72 ' FMf AMEM8ASSY TEGUctGA r or SECSIA r E' WASHD ' '2 T83' '026697 IRELEASE IN PART BS UNCL 1 ·5 TEGUe GALPA '023'1' 3' II' EN r CHANNEI I CI R · R· ' C' TEO I i CIIOI'P 'X F'OR' GA B e O POR rI'ONS' 'PARA 2 AND'i3 r 'TH r S CAB EI'TR iN5M I T S A D I SSENiT lNGi'V I EW SU§M TTEO BY r - 86 - 2'· lOUR 'POL' eY'iOF' NON- I N T ERVENT I ON IN' ·BURUNO I OUR I'NG' MASS'I VE MUROE'R J-NG 10F HU T'U TR I-BESMEN ·COULD· 'SE 'A 'REPE AT IOF 'REVENT EVENT S iN BANGLADESH' WEi SEEM' 1 01 BE WAITING· UNT'iLI REPORTED · SELECTIVE GENOciDE fHAS 'RESUltEO IN THE' ELIIM'INATIONiIOF' ANY O ISS'l · OENiT HUi-UI L EEAOERS'• SUCH 'OlSP U y ' OF' Tours i 'POWER MAY' I NOEED RESULT' iN SUBSEQUENj TRi'NGlU L'lTY' IN BURUNDI BUT iT wouwb· SE M p ooL·i SH TO 0 I SPEll T E Fljl'J l R ' 'DEVEi OPMENT· OF' liHE HUTU - _ ·MAJOR i TY 3 IF iT WE ' C NNOi I·S ' TRUE TH'A i' 'WE DOi NOT' 'H'A VE lEVERAGEI IN BURUND' NO ' ALiTER ·r HE SI TUAJ r ON' 'THEN i SHOOGO 'HOPE 'OUR 'PoL 'I'CY WOUL D' F'OL LOW T HA T 'OF vj R'I'OUS' It rERN T J ONAi UM tH T AR rAN· AGE NC S WHit CH SUSP ENDED AssisTANCE S'I'NCE WEi 'HA v EriNO A I D 'PROGRAM PO ENTjALI EL'IM'INATr ON 'OF' F'urUREi AlD 'RATHER ·tHAN SUSPENSION 'MAY RovibE' THE EVE AGE bisASTER 'REL F is· OF' 6UBfOUS V WUE Tor·''f HE 'HU r US AND wi L t 1 PROBABLY BE ·MORE· 6E NEF- C'l Ai ' TO ''r HE CON TROLL NG' 'rUlS' GOVERNMENT 1 'THE AMER I CAN' PE OP LE 'WERE TO VOTE' ON THE I SSUE OF SUPPORT i NG THE 8URUND j GOVERNMENT 'OUR' NG 't I S CR S S T HEY'· MA Y 'WELl PREF'ER eREA CH OFt'O I Pl OM Ai' I C REL AT IONS · O AU 3MEN T A I-O N OF' 0'1 SA STER - REL'I EF- ' Rif 1 IE t r M 05 1652 UNCLASSIFIED U S 'o t 'ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980047 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSlf- ¥ y Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980053 Date 07 31 2017 ·i F 'ri ji' lli@ °ill M ' ' 1 ' EVR FE cu 'NR A-83 NE NO Department of State - o- -- ---i TO E P '0 L FBO LIMITED QFJilCTAI USE FOR RM USE ONL Y RECEIVED - - t - - - '' r JUl ' S 'J i lj r I AGR' COM FRS FROM 'NT LAB TAR SUBJECT TR XMB A'R REF ARMY CIA N VY - 'o' so - u5 - - N 5 - jr if ' Oj L' Ggy DEPARTHENT OF STATE AID Amconsul HALIF AX 11 L I 'ARA jJ J I I 26 4 43 PH '7Z S I A ' ANALYSIS BRANCH J Il - IRELEASE IN FULL DATE J y 21 1972 Dissent Message U S Assistance to Es sentially Totalitarian Reg 8 Value of Old UNRRA and C ina Relief Nission Approach State A-3559 April 8 r DISSENT CHANNEL This airgram trru1smits a dissenting view submitted by FSO-2 Alexander L Peaslee Principal Officer As a retiring FSO with 29 years of Government service I would like to suggest that the United states Government would in the long run ensure its security more effectively by reducing its assistance and close ties to essentially totl1-litarian governments I' y comments are primarily directed at totalitarian governments of the right such as Greece Brazil Argentina Pakistan and Paraguay inasmuch as we already provide little assistance to most of the totalitarian governments of the left tI vithout going into any detail it has b en my impression that muc of the aid has not been effectively used and has often gone to those individuals who already are well off Even more unfortunately our aid has been interpreted as approval of undemocratic regimes We find Admiral Hoorer in his New Year l s message of several years ago praiSing our fine ties with Brazil at the very time that the New York Times 'and other sources are documenting torture and methods used in preventing free expression of opinion ' - J l - I I i 1 i I recall that in the final days of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration UNRRA assistance program and in the 'Work of its U S supported successor the China Relief Ivlission CRN those programs were quite successful in maintaining efficiency in their operations by Simply cutting off aid to regions whenever corruption was noted L FORM 4 02 Drafted by t 6T USE ONLY 21111 DOUt '''FOR LIHITED OFFICIAL USE 05-323 olltenu IlI Q U asUIClltlOD ALPeaslee mt ALPeaslee Approvea bY ClearaDces ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980053 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980053 Date 07 31 2017 LU ITED OFl· ICI AL ' USE A-B 2 No public statement was made but local officials knew why the aid had stopped This produced good results considering the chaos of the time on mainland China in the midst of a civil war III believe that a similar approach might be usefully considered in our aid to those countries that are unrepresentative in their governments In the long run we lose the goodwill of those who are oppressed by those governments and we gain none from the totalitarian regimes which usually take the attitude What have you done for me lately ve also lose the money liThe people whose support we lose are usually the ones most influential in the longer run future of their country They often turn to more extreme means of getting their way and the right wing regime leads to the later far left goverru lent l nd we are seen as opportunists ·mo do not really believe in representative government 1I0ne of the arguments used against such a policy is that the specific regime is vi tal to our national security However if this is true then ' fhy encourage a s ring from one extreme to the other And secondly i hat to tali tarian regime can we pOint to since Horld iiar II that really has been essential to our security ' I Declassify on August1 1972 LlhITED OFFICIJIL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980053 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980057 9-ate Q 7 31 2017 ' I Department of State I L-t- I I I TELEGRAM So If LIMIT D PAGE 01 M9A8AN OFFICIAL USE 27 221 48Z l 15 ACIroN SS lLt IN O OCT 01 0 1015 W 041 58 R '220950Z 'SEp 72' fM AMEMBAssr MBABANE TO S£CSTATE WASHoe 3 16 INFO AMEMBAssi GA ORONE AMEMBASSV MAsERU AMEMBASSy PRETORI LIMITED O F1cIAL SE MBABANE 161 DISSENT CnANNEL F'O REF'l AI 9 THIS SP CERI j IRELEASE IN FULL OI G A 9235 CABLE 1t31 A 35'59 TRANSM l TS DISSENTING VIEW_ UBr rTTED BY PEJER OMC CHARG · aD I TRONGLV PRO EST ALL PARTr S REF Al AGRE ING Io 01SENFRANCHISE ME AND OTHERS IN SIMILAR CiRCUMSTANCES IN RE RESENTATION EL CT ON ND R EX CU'lyE ORDER 11636 AFR CA AND' OTHER AREAS STA FFED THROUGHOUT WITH FSO ' 3 DC SM AND PRINCIPAL OFFICER M NY OF WHOM AVE aEE 'CONSISTENTLY ACT1VE I N 'A T1 EMPTS' A CH·r EVE 1 MPRO VEMENT SUCH AS B v SERV I CE ON 'TASK ORC ES AND IN Dft r L Y PERFORM ANCE PRESENT AND pRE V l·aUS pos I TIONS ' AGREEMENT 6F DEPARTMENT T6 DEF1 IT ON T ESE OFFIctRS AS MANAGEMENT OFF' I CI ALS AND CONSEQUENT E XCLUS'I ON' FROM ··I 3A LLOT PR1VILEGE SE MS IMPLY AA EEMENT WITH HESrS THAT A-PROGRAM OIRECTOR IN IELD IS' IPSO FACTO A roOL IF''MANAGEMENT AND THEREFORE INc APA 9LE OF VOTING'AN INDEPENDENT J QGMENT T IS IS DEMEANING IT IS ALSO 6rSCRIMINATI G 1NCf bFFICERS o SIMILAR OR HIGHER RANKS IN LARGER POsTS OR DEPARTMENt WHO MAY BE· IN SEciTION 'CHIEF 'POSITIONS APPARENT LY WILL VOTE H IS MY FOREIGN·SE·R lCE TOOo FINAL Y T BELIEVE THAT IELD EMP' LOYEE MANAGEMENT RELATIONS HAS BENEFITED AND WILL CONTrNUE TO 00 so BY JUDGM NTS OF FOREIGN SERVICE OFFrLERS WHO UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980057 Date 07 31 2017 I U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980057 Date 07 31 2017 Department of State LIMli D AGE 02 MBA8AN 1619 TELEGRAM nFFICIAL USE 221048Z -lAVE' E ARNED SSIGNMENT' TO RESPONSIBLE POSITIONS IN FIELD- I URGE DEFAR 'MENT To CONTINUE cONSiDER FRA C lSE'ELIG1BI Ty QUE 3i'ION IN LIGHT 'vERY ExisTENCE THIS·-TELEGRAMG IF'I -' WERE TOOL' OF STATE DEPARTMENT' MANAGEMENT OB V I OUSU' I WO '- D NOT 8 END 11' _ SPICE R' LIMITED OFfICl L C E UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980057 Date 07 31 2017 FlED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 07743 Doc No C17980019 Date 09 12 2017 ' $a D TElEGRAM Department of State sEERE PAGE' 01 068 'NEW O 1 255 'j 5 152 -- 47' -' 7 ' AC 'iO 'J 5S· 25 iN O OCT'''' I 'Q l i0SI'Z CCO-00 SSOD00 OEC·'7j' ' 026 W FM AMEMBASSY NEW DELHI TO 'SECST U 'WASHOe IMMEDIATE ' 75i ' NO' DI RIBY nON OUTSlDE THI A TMENtililii il ilil iilli ExD'i S suBj cr'f SOME AD J stHENT OF 'R'E ' - STft TE 20'1473 AND POLleX' n' FAM SEcT I ON' '2 3' t HAVE 'OE CLl ED T8E FOL qWIN 1 ' A RE q T ORAfT D I I WHICH' iN jHE §OYTH ASIAN cRislS aYJ I I PPRO BECAUS OF q EF' l ooES N-oTP tCORD IN SOME RESPECTS WITH QF'tICIAL' U' S POLICY ·ALREADY' ES TA6LISHEO DESPITE PRIOR PRESENTATION BY' ME 'OF SOME 'OF HEREIN I ENUf1t RATED PO HrTS AND ECAUSE OF' OTHER RESERVAT I I NClU5 I NG ' II To T 1 L r NE S 0 NONET -lELESSI 1 BEL lEVEl _ vl EWS A E 'OF 'SUFFI C lENT SIGN F CANCE TO 'REQUI REi AS REQUESTED e Y HI M TO ers SUBMIssioN ' TO 'THF 'OEPARTMENT 'UNDER 'PROV I-si ONS 'SET 'FORTH iN CDMMUNlcATIONSg ' HE REFERENCE 'QUOTE I CURRENT STUDlt D AMBIGUlTY 'CONCERNING POSSIBL E JUS TO PAK I ST AN' TREA TENS' REMA IN r NG AMER ieAN' POSiTION AND PROSPECfs iN INDi AND B NGL DESHI A D IS VI WEb b SKANCE BY FJ ENDL' 'THIRD COUNTRY REPRESENTATivES HERE' INCLUD NG E§PE'C I ALL Y 6R r T SH' 'COMMONWEAL 1H UN'F'ORTUf TEi Y 'TH I S AMB iGU ITY' I'S wi THour' PERCEPT BLE 'CONS TRUeTt VE I NF LUt NCE UPON PR I OR ITY' iUS 'INTEREST TN EARLY' END OF INDO PAKISTANI 'CONFLICT A' JD THRE fENS MIL tr ARY' ASS r sr ANCE TO'REDUCE US ROLE TO CONTENTIOus' IRRElEVANCY AS REGARDS EMERGING REALiTIES'IN So9TH ASIAo AT'THis JUNCTUREI ENO'ING THe ' WAR ENTAILS' iA I 'CAPITULATION OF' 2- PAK isTAN ' ORCE S IN EAST' b BI GO RECONCit 'lA TiON TO 'SEe ET loss 'or EAST ' NOT TO B'E REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AA1 fORIZAT ON OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY IFIED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980019 Date 09 12 2017 Departl1ze1'lt of'State TElE G AM 'SEe Er - 'PAGE' NEW 'DEI 1 255 i'5 i 02 529 IC ' GO'I'INHIBITION AGArNST 'EXPLOITING MILITARy ADV ANTAGE AGA I NST WEST' PAK 1SI AN - -_PAKisTAN AND 3' iN 'E ASTI THERE I S NO' FE AS I BL E PROSPECT OF' REVERS j NG' OVTCOME I AC rHOUGf j Dl JRATlON AND 'CoSTS COULD VAR 'WrTH PAKI STANI WILL TO RES sT TI-I I S REGARD I GOP HOPES 'OF NTERNA T 10NAL' i NTERVENT ON' TEND TO ' BUTTRESS PAKISTANI DETE RMINArION AND 'THus 'TO EXTEND 'HOSTiLiTrES IOENERAl MANEKSHAW MAiNTAINS Us POSTURE WORKS AGAINST SURRENDER SOONEST IN EAST' ' NEW DELHI 'DAO 22'is' - i iN' WEST us MAY BE ABLE A J To BEST SERVE GOP 'NEEDS AND' INTERESTS BY SHARING CANDID ASSESSMENT OF DESPERATE MI L'y TARY OUTLOOK AND B Y PR I V rELY ACKNOWLEDG I NG us I NAB I LiTY' TOt'SUPPORT PAKISTAN N HOPELESs WAR OF'REVISION OR REVENGE AND 'TO STRENGTHE OI MODERATES s E RLY 0 J AC NbWLEDGEME T OF BANGLA 'DESH REALITIESp AND BY' FiRM US POSI'TION AGAINST ' 'ERRI TORrAL' ACQUISnioNsQ THis REGARD ANY MARGINAL IMPACT ON it DIAN 4'J us' us' is HA KS OF CONTrNUItW POSTURE OF i ALCULATEO UNCERTAINTY· OF us ·RE ·· SPO sE' is OUTWEIGHED BY I A 'COSTS To 'US INTERES1S' IN INDIA' AND S t NGLA DESH 8 'RisK OF' PROLONGING AND' EXTENDiNG WAR 'THROUGH' rSED I NG GOP EXPECI AT I ON OF' 'US' i NTERVENT I ONI AND' I K ·poss 1 BlE PROVOCAT ION AND' COVER FOR SOV I E T MI l rr ARy ·OEP lOYMENTs iN REG I oN 5'0 INDIANS 'FROM PRIME MINISTER DoHN AND INCLUDI NG MtLITARY'· AND fVrLiAN ELEMENTS PREVIOUSLY 'FiRM FRIENDS O USA INCREASIN lY' 'THAT EXPRESS 'DESPAIR RESENTMENT AND ANGER USG 'COULD SUGGEST INDIA AGGRESSOR ANO WOULD I HOLD 'OPEN POSSIBILITY' OF' PROVIOING PAKIST N D'IRECT rNDIRECT AND ·OVERT COVERT 'M Ll'JARV AS 'WELL' AS DIPLOMATic SUPpORT AT THIS 'JUNCTUREo ENEMIES OF· AMERTCA' ARE OF COURSE EBULLIENT IN ANTICIPATION OF WHAT ALL' INDIA RADIO cHARAcn RlzED· DECt MBER i2 AS QTE AUENAnON OF INDIA 'FROM AMERICA 'FOR DECADES 'TO COME UNQTEo 'DOUEl'l'LESS IT' WILL 'rAKE' Tl HE TO REP A I R' r NDO 'A MER I'c AN RELA'T j ONS FIRST' WE NEED TO ARREST 'OErERIORATioN IF 'HE ARE 'TO 8E EFF'ECTIVE iN'HORKING AGAINST' HARo THlS REGARD NE' URGE' t A I 'fULL' SUPPORT I N UN TED NA nONS 'foR 'CE ASERF I RE BASED ON EMERGING REALITY OF AANGLA DESH E-G UK DRAFT USUN '500911 i B I IMMEDIATE' STATEMENT REAFFiRMiNG USG GTE ABSOLUTE NEUTRAL t TV UNQTE DEF ED' TO PBECLUDE SUI PORT· I N ANY FORM 'EXCEPT HUMANiTARIAN AS· LONG AS' HOSTILITIES CONiINUE AND SPIKING 'NUMEROUS ONS TO CONTRARY I NCL UD I NG OF' US CONN r VANCE WITH JOROAN 60 BUi' i ALLEGA Tt NOT TO BE REPROD CED WITHOUT THE-E·9AIoE RIZATION IFIED U S De OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980019 Date 09 12 2017 ' Departlnent of State f SAUDI ARABIA IN r 104 DE ALoI 'AI'rD Ie J PRDr1PT ESTABl r SHI1ENT 'OF PRAGMA T j C iUSG' RELA T IONS WiTH BANGLA OESH AUTHORtTIES-n F'OR·PRAcncALi LIAISON 12i TO S j GNAL US I NTENrroNs ro 60 I AND' GOP AND i 3 'i 'ro PREPARE pOR MORE FORMAL'ifESo To cur i IN SUMp POLICY' ADJUSTMENTS 'CAN' sTILL HELP Us TO I OSSES' AND I ACCOMMOD A TE 'TO REALi r I ES OF IND AN REG i ONAl' 'PREDON NANCE' AND 8ANGL 6 DESH INDEPENDENCE iUNQUOTE 'GP-4 KEA TING r NOT TO ·BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT IFIED U S lon rtrY ont T E 'ZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETAR'y of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980019 Date 09 12 2017 RELEASE IN PART B61 II I u BEST COPY AVAILABLE fNFO OCT-01 1 -26 R 66 Hi ORi FiEO BY' S PCI n'n OF NTON APPQOVED 9Y S PC-WJlLIAM EAuMRI r CARGO SI CO SUBS VAN HOLLEN 1 i C l 'IF f CH 1 e 7 '- S I R nyt OR 7 S· Hl E _lOT S J 1'- f I lSi S 72 0 X I 5 i NE · R IS 10S96 R t022 3l JAN 72 FM SECSTATE WASHDe 1 c 1· 1 s 8 t y E J E NO DISTR BUTION OUTSIDE DEP RTMENr I j I III EVES O L rOR AMB SSADOR AND POLcaUNS Vl wS XP ESSED IN REFTEL HAVE BEEN CA EFUL Y CONSIDERED Uy S NiOk PULICY LEV L OFFICERS J DE A TME T A D DisCUSSED I iq SHALL NUj-mER OF O'THEN QFr ·' CE S WHO P E DIR ' C1 L ' CON ' ' H SDUTH I ST I p LrCY 5 W' TF rr A IR SSAD FPS Ftj ' · M ·' 3 Ctil Nr •• 1 lit· · iF PCt l'S '1Z iTln IE qU c GUio J iE CE' 'i ' n C l l' ' ' ' ' --- ' E · · •2 I _ ·l - ' l' ' ' ' ' ' ' us P L 1 CY u · t OP I '· '· · r i · L ' f I '··' T J E C t 'i t j i f1 Ie j If '1 E NT S C - ·· ' E' I r · s · i 1 - HD I V J l-·lr- ' C T · r j t - I I REWE L L D 'ART ENT Tf' 7TU L F F f ' Tq i st c C'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980024 Date 09 12 2017 B6 'It' -- - TELEGP ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 'T 0 - - 1 ' 'JIll • ' Department of State -' if' PA E 01 I 5D D e TU of e8 J I E'jTI L 'w_ ----- ' - - - - - 'i' VfJ ASUNCI 0 499 - 657' 01 OFP 02-' 141640Z 51 IRELEASE IN PART 861 ACTION 5S -14 • 0' ••••••••••••••••• a •• g I QJ4495 R- U 1535Z 'JUN -72 M AHEM8 SY ASUN ION TO -SECS ATE WASHOC '9' 9 F I 8374 9 -EN' T 1 L E CT tON ' 0 F' 2 - A UNC TON 1' 9 M SSENT CHANNEL 'SYBJECTt DISSENT MESSAGE NAR O I S ON ROL REF''' I A DEPT A -3559 OF' APR-fL' 8' I B ASUNC ION A 54 OF IIINF I I 1 '1 ASll 'l tnN -9· O AN ARY l ' OUNT Y A ALYSIS AND STRATEGY PAPER I ' 86 CONCURS SUBSTANCE 0 MESSAGEo RECOMQ MEND THIS CA8LE RECEIVE SAME 'DISTRiI3U ION AS REF BI 20 THIS MESSAGE CONTAINS RECOMMENDED MEASURES 'TO AE' TAKEN BY U S IN LIGHT PARAGUAYAN GOVERNMENT'S LACK OF 'COMMITMENT TO COOPERATE 1 N NARCOT fcs F'l ELD RE Sl' PouCHED JUNE i2 UPDATE E BASSY9S NARCOTICS CfION CONTROL PLAN I OUR OP1NION THIS UPDATED PLAN SATISFACTORY AS FAR- AS IT GOES BUT LACKS SPECIFIC RECO MENDATIONS ON U S ACTYONS AND TIM RAHES FoR OHERENT IMPLEMENTATinN' TH£ TIME l'S LATEI AND'CON RETE MEASURES MI 1ST' NOW SUPPLEMENT WORDS t F WE ARE E ITHE 'TO OBTAIN GOP CaOPERATION OR BRING HOME TO GOP CONSEQUENCES OF'FAIL RE TO COOPERATE ' ' - 30 B CKGROUNDI LACK OF PARAGUAVAN POLITICAL COMMI MENTo REF'a ISl OUTLINES LACK OF GOP COMMITMENT BUT WE BELIEVE FACTS SET FORTH 'THEREIN SHOULD BE INTERPRETED EVEN' MORE UNFAVORABLE AGAINST GOP ITF-MI TO OUR KNOWLEDGEp GOP HA NOT MADE HARD ORU ARREST ON ITS' OWN INITIATIVE IN f ·1 eeJIF I gEit'T I AL g UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 T Of o tr e PAGE 02 • I I Department of State ASUNCI 01499 or 01 02 141640Z PA T FEW YEARS THOUGH THREE COCAINE 'TRAFFICKERS ARRESTED LATE MAY t972 BASED 'ON iNFORMAT ON S0PPLIED B BN60 GOP AS HUSHED UP ARRESTS THOUGH IT HAS PRIVATELY STATED INTENTION PROSEcuTE Ex POST F 6 CTO UNDER TOgBE PASSEO DRUG-LAW wE BELIEVE GOP KNOWS PROSECUTION· WILL' FAIL' ON ·COt JST TUTlONAL GROUNDS - ' i i f • • i I ITEMI SUF ICIENT EVIDENC EXISTS 'TO SUPPORT CONCLUu SION THAT DELAY IN APPROVAL PENDING ORUG LEGISLATION 15 RESULT OF INTERVENTION 8 PRESIOENT STROESSNER RATHER THAN LOW PRIORITY HE ASSIGNEO TO PA§SAGE AD HE' WISHED LAW wouLD BE PASS D BV NOW 5 ITEMI EVENTUAL DEPORTAT ION AUGUSTE RICaRD EVEN TO COOPERATING THIRD COUNTRY WOULD STILL NOT DEMONSTRATE 'FULL COMMITMENT TO COOP ERATE WITH UQS' ON DRUG PROSLEMe 'EVEN 1 EV NTUALLY RESU iNG IN u s CUSTOti¥ OF RrrORD WOULD' SUGGEST TO THIRD COUNTRIES U So HORE INTERESTED IN ' SACRIFIC1AL LAMBS« FOR PROPAGANDA PURPOSES THAN IN ''' 0 8 TAI NI NG BAS I cpa L IT I c AL COM MIT MEN TS TO' Cbop ERA TE 1N DRUG CONTROL IN FACT ' EVEN EXTRADITION AT THIS LATE DATE WOULD SHOW PRECIOUS LITTLE COMMI MENT o t II 6' STRoESSNERoS REFUSAL TO RE EI E AMBASSADOR WHEN LAttER' HAD RETURNED FROM' CHIEFS-OF MISSION' CONFERENCE SPECIFItA TO SEE STROESSNER lS AT VE Y LEASTI SYMPTOM OF W T WE BELIEVE' IS His FAILURE' TO CO PREHEND §ERIOUSNESS wttH WHICH U-S VIEWS TRAFFICKINGI 'DE PITE ·CONSIDERABLE U S · EFFOR rS ·ta ·DATE -'HOWEVER STROESSNER HAS HEARD ·ONt Y WO DS F OM'USo WE BELiEVE U s M0sT GO BEYOND WORD ' NOW TO ENSURE THAT STROESSN R 'uN6ERSTANDS CONSEQUE CES' OF· AILURE TO COOPERl ND GIVE ·HIM OPPORTUNITY 'GET ME SAGE ONE LAST·TIME-· ' 1 WE OWE' STROESSNER OppORTUNITY TO RESPOND 'TO AC1S ECAUSE 'OURING PAST' YE R BOTH OUR WORDS AND ACTS HivE CONVEYED MIXED S GN LS ABOUT DEPTH Or OUR CONcERN WITH PARAGUAYAN COMKIT ENT EMBASSY O FrCERS AND SOME U G VISITORS HAVE TRIED REPEATEDLY CONVEY OUR DESIRES BQT ONE HIGH riOD orFi I L iNT NTIONALLY OMITTED DISCUSS D UGS WITH STROESSNER IN CONTRAST AM9ASSADOR' HARO-LINt AP ROA H TO FOREIG ' E TWO WEEK A O STROES NE I r '-' '-''''--'-''' -- - _ ' 0 ' • __ ' _ • _ ___ ' _ _ ______ _ ___ ••- •••••• ' - •• - - j t _ - -- -_____ -0 _ · u _ - - _ 0 ' ' --- ' ' ee lf I E _______ __ ___ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 • If • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 eo • o _ ' ' ___ '-0 ' RllIIo • I OJ tI IJ· t - ir -1' 1' 0 ' cer t EP1T I PIa INVITED TO USMILGP RECEPTION TH'rS 'WEEK TO' HONOR INALTERABlE i BETWEEN U s PA AGUAVAN ARMEO F'ORCES 0 'MEAt- WHiLE OUR ACTS OVER SAME PfRIOO' HAVE ALMOST CERTA'INLY GIVEN STROESSNER I DE A THAT' ALL I S WELL I PASSAGE SUGAR' ' QUOTA APPROVAL AID La NS ELIVERY 20 0 0 RIFLES N ' i3 'HELICOPTERS EARLY 1972 ANQ oe CivERY TWO MAP BULL F'R tENOSH P DOZERS WaTH $90 000 LAST' WEEI ' 8- PHASE ONE FIVE RECOMMENOATioNS DESIGNED 'TO IMPLED' MENT' RECOMMENDA TI ON REF C I 'PAGE 7 TO USE' ALL MEANS AT OUR DISPOSAL TO ELICIT A POLITICAL COMMITMENT FROM GOP BEFORE AUGUST 1 DEMONSTR rE6 BV CONCRETE ACTS RECOMMENDED U S ACTION BEFORE J LY I I EMBASS BE INSTRucTED CANC L FOU TH' OF JULY RECEPTION' UNLESS RICORD EXTRADITION CASE'DECIDED FAVOR • • CY' RY APPEALS COURT BY 0NE'26 Ii EM ASSY BE INSTRUCTED CONVEY FOLLOWING TO GOP THIS WEEKI EITHER INFORMALLY OR BY NOTEs AI U-S MILI TARY ASS STANCE TO PARAGUAY w S CUT THIS VE R PARTLY DUE LACK OF SATISFACTORY' PARAGUAYAN PERFORMANCE DROG F ELO BI DELIVERY 600 BAR RIFLES TWENTY 'CANNON NOW ON HiGH SEAS I RI F'LE AMMUN I TI ON AND OTHER' MATER I EL' IN 5UPPL V CHANNEL BE I NG OELAXEO S M REASON Q • i ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 tl -· 0' - 'f • • pepa tment o State-TELEGRAM LOI4 I 14TiAL PAGE 01 ASUNCI 0 9 02' 0' 02 682 1416 9Z 5'1 ACTION 59-1' ••••••••••••••••••••• R · 141535Z JUN 72 'M-AMEMBASSY ASUNCION TO ECST TE WASHoe 8315 e e U F t B OI SENT eo UTI It L' ECTION 2 OF ' A§UNCIO 9 CHANNEL i I I 0 EMBASSY BE I NSTRUCTED I NFORM GOP NOT LATER THAN JUNE 26 THAT AMBASSADOR WILL 'NOT' RETURN IN EVENT RIcaRD EXTRAD I nON CASE NOT r AVORAF3LE' RESOLYED BY THEN REC01'4 M ENDED ACT ON 8EF'OR AUGUST' 1 ' ryo EMBAS Y BE INSTRUCTED MA E CLEAR TO GOP DURING JULY THAT UNLESS DRUG LAW PASSEDI RICORD EXTRAOiTEDI AND 1961 SINGLE CONVENTION ON NARtOTrcS AMENDMENTS SIGNEe a so WILL BEGIN PHASE OUT ILGP 1D ASSISTANCE AND SACES OR 'GRANTS MATERIEL· yo THAT IF DRUG LAW PASSED AND ICORD EXTRADITED DURING JULY EMBASSY-BE AUTHORIZ D OFFE 8NDD AbvISOR TO INISTRY of HEALTH FOR IMPLEMENTATION DRUG LAW AND OFFER 'SHARE COSTS OF EQUIPPING POLICE NARCOTICS N E TIGATION UNIT A ONG L1NES REF B PAGE 10 9- PHASE TWO THREE RECOMMENOATIONS DESIGNED TO EXTRACT 8ENEF I T8 FROM GOP FAr LURE TO COGlPERATE BASED ON OUR ESTl ' MATE OF USG GLOBAL-STRATEGY IN FIGHT AGAINST NARCOTICS AND POSITION OF PARAGUAY WITHIN TRATEGY 10 IF PARAGUAY REMAINS UNCOOPERATIVE U S INTERESTS MIGHT'BEST BE SERVED 9Y DECISIVE-STEPS AG INST-PARAGUAY' WHICH oFFERS OPPORTUNITY TO TAKE MEASVRES AT MINIMUM COST TO' U S I NTERESTS AND pERHAPS I TH POLiTICAL BENEFIT' MOREOVERJ FAILURE TO TAKE MEASURES IN FACE PARAGUAYAN INTRANSIGENCE CAN BE INTERPRETED' IN FOREIGN CAPITALS AS RELUCTANCE O ART USG TO UTILIZE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 t· UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State- Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C1 980042 Date 09 12 2017 Department oJState TELEGRAM r t lJ S G 5 1-1'0 U I D R A I SF S SUE nI ' P 'j RAG UAV A' NCO MP L t C NCV ' 'A30Ui NARCOircS jRA ICKiNG IN APPROPRIATE INTERNATIONAL FTIRUMS O WHICH BOTH GOV RNHENTS A E MEMBER ' 0 1- Itr GOP REQUESTS FOR FINANeIAL ASSISTANCE FROM INTERp NATION L LENDING AGENCIES IN WH tH'USG HAS VOICE S80ULD BE GIVEN SPECIAL 'CONSIDER'ATION AND' U S ' 'CONCURRENCE ONLY ON HUMANITARIAN GROUNDS I J I I ' - 4 '0 ' 'l - '- -- -'--' -- - 1_ _ _ _ • _ _ _ - ' 1 • ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 ' I ' 1 ' - ' 1 •• 1 'II 4 ' •• I RELEASE IN PART B61 VV CIiJ 644 Fill 068JCt g 72 00 RUEIICS DE R'UFHJA #r 13S 0311425 ZNY CCCCC ZZH 81 BEST COPY AVAILABLE G 8 NFl BEl T I L ZUI RUF HCS ATHl 156 t l 16 6 B RLP SVC RUFHJ O 1IS - ceo H ' TH lS 2 551 J DE Rl FIUU 2 5 51 t ZtlY CCCCC Z ZH 1 I D 205 2 2 IS UlmER v 1ZjlIS R 280945Z NOV 72 H usr'l SSJO ·ll ERLIN TO W FHO L I h ' i· i 1' 5 SY 130 1'J 902 RU HC SECSTATE WA HDC IE60 PoT 9 J fl F 13 1 NT A L EClIO · 1 OF 2 BERLIN 2 55 DISSENT CH NtJEL rF n STATE -3559 I THIS cr' LE TRtdJS ' ITS A DESSE ilTHJG VIE'l sm nTTED BY USSEfi DESIRED DIS-rHIBUTION IN DEPT EuniCE EB OA I SUB AI HP GREEJ ENTS HITH GDR HEF BERLIN 2042 D BERLIN 354 PA A 6 · • ' ' ' j 1 13 BEHLIN 000 C STATE 182958 PfI RA 4 I su ' Y It CO H EXT FO 1 THea ' P G FRO -G Dl f Vl T ION ' r' lL A r F r ' L cci IS IDEfi iT IO' -J Ol FOl LO''' l G P 10 O 51 T I 0 s t HICK '8ULD Sl JpPLEr f lT ' ORE TH J D1S E T P Ot· PREVIOUS ·t' ES GF S IS REcOi' r' E' D ILLIES Sl Ol LD OT G'1 JT HHi HT S FO R LUF'TlH · S 1 PM S r ' G El S B 1' ' · IE Ell F riG D r ERL It EVEt H PRI JCJf Lr FOR LATI PERIOD IF FriO lVilSES SUP IECT OF SliCH HIGHTS fll LIES fiOULD FS1 'J liETHEf1 FRG IS HEfdJ Y J HEP E JTED I VII l LE f U IED I1i'·iER GEI ' N SERVICE lGS FO H Df FlillTF FUTunE iD POln OUT i'ROPI PLE NEED 10 fUdS lGS Fil Ii ' i lI iiEXTYEf R i- VE 'l l n THOUT LUFTHf SJi PliHTJC r flT10 'ID I LIES ilOtiL OElTf rIGHTS TO OVl HFLY Gn IT Sfl ' Tn E Ff TflP SL CH iHGHTS IJHEFEn· PLY THROUGH irm JOPll' l ICflO i iD It 1ER TJ O ir L All S J V I CES Til n 1 T liG Hi Er· ENT E lO SlW ' MW • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' - - I ' ' 2 F RG IS rIPPf RE lTL Y IIJn m OfJ HF CH1 ' G rIGREF t' IH oJlTH GDR IN NE R FUTURE IJHICl OlilO PEn iIT u -rKM SI'I STOPS I lERLHI O J nOt TE TO r OSCO ' Im EVENTUAL IRliIAGE OF PASSE NG ERS BY L ' 'lHM Sf- 11 EH ' ' l FnG fltnJ P Ll 1 1ITH 05 l 1 CTIVE OF S UCH f r J flP RING AGREEr ENT I tJ IES S l lL U 3 l' TF rn ST5 nl rCJHEXT O COiJSIDERr'- ' O SOF'FOLLO'nrm IS RECOi'WENDED rWT GR I'lT RIGHTS FOR LUFTHANSI Pf SSElmEHS BEHIEEt Ft' G Arm BEflLIt OF GJH NTIr G SUCH RIGHTS LATER OR INDIC ITE POSSIBILITY TO DO SO otILD SEIHOUsLY THREfJ T£t1 Vl IBILlTY OF 1I 1 UED HiS 13r C ilJSE ONCE n LIES ACCEPT PR t CJPU OF LUFTH d SA PARTlCIPATIOf' IN rGS IT lllLL BE VEf1Y DIFFICULT TO tHiIT TH iT PMI'i'I lP ITIO ' SINCE FHG Pf P TEDL cown JT If LUFTHAUSi'l hlr F TO CMmy i O PI SSE lGSRS REH 'tEil p G I tiD I T LEt- ST FO 'l T il SlTJOiJr L PERIOD OF YEAn OR n o lr litIS no LOG Ict L EED TO SK I LLIES EVi- N 10 r c nDEH THIS 0Uf rrOr r- en B IF I S rJfo Vl HiHEt ESS SEE i1LL lED CD · ' T · r r·· OF' POSSIBILITY OF GP -HJTHlG Lun' · 'l fI Ff G-r- E U 1 l'r S' 3i i·iGF R l iGJ TS L ATF n r LL IES SHOULD ·fHETI- r i Fi J$ Hr U Y JfHE't 1 'r in D PJ VIP 1 f 'ilfD G' FO r I -' o'I -PIITE FU'lli J I T l'I'J' 'r ' -F' 1 ' 0 o'p· ' I'C 'f' ' If 1' ' ' ' ' 1 0- 1 1 _Ll il J l '- - Ot 'f I L p' T-tl I CI N CUr'LOSSES BY OHDG LY PLr' JED PHr EOUT 1F OT THEY SHOULD BE GIVF N Fnm LONG-r1t GS UNE lJI1 OC L M StlRtl '· CES p ' 1' 0 CO HIEcr-I r'J ALL ES SHOULD ALSO POBT OUT TO FRG HOP APLE r EEO TO HAlSF I S FARES f- GAIr tlEXT YEAH TO BRl · G THEl· CLOSER TO LUFTHM Sr PER SE IT-t' lU F'M ES vJITHIU F' G EIJE i 'lTHOl r L FTHI 1 3 ' HiS PMn ICIP ' T IJ ' LO' oJ f -EHLl FARES ' 'ERE F STt ELlSHr l S SOCII L lEASUHE In VIE' OF SURFACE TI1 WEl DIFflCULT1 - S ' 0 v IHt T SlIl FIiCE rru VEL EASIEH t UCH Tl Ff C Hr LHr i iJY SHIFTED FHfHi JdH TO SURFACE MW ORIGIU L WSTIFICATlC '1 FDH HE1 IITJVELY LOW BERLIN AIR FM SS IS SIGfJIF'ICM TLY REDUCSD I OTHER FiltH 11 CnEf SE nLL PHOPfI BlY t3 E -1 CESSM'lY EVr · IF LUFTHANS f J l l f STAYS OUT CF IGS DEC U E HJG I£R TH · l r'j R ' II L LOAD FtICTOJ S f Hr EED D TO EHE - EVE J fiT Eili DECE P ER 1 C Rl 'c pC''' l r '-I 'lr CY lC ST 'lJC-U' L '01' r Hl ' '''Cll I · IF ' f t' I IM ' r J I 1 Ef SILY HJ FJHEll 1 C TYP OF rdRC I Fn tlO 1' OVE T TEGEL v ILL' BE EXP£t· SIVE J ' I ' ' • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 I C - M tU S SI Ol l D OBTfdU OVr RFLICIiT rnCIlTS f ON lDR ' 1 iT SM- ' TH'E FHG D lES U 'lTll ALLIES H VE SUCH nIGHTS IE i eM r· n IUCII Ai OUT PHESE H D1 FFlCUL T J F S SUCH 3 lV tn FOOT CE1LPIG 1' Ji U CK nF ·ULGf nll J LI lJ 11 G j 1GHTS I I '1 no VOR t fiT CHf ln n FllGHTS M-iD GDR VlGHT DF VJSE ' i YS 10 1 J XE THOV lI E F l OTllER FLIGHT US1 G C l rll On Id lCH THEY COULD PLMJSIELY u ' 'E E l 1 Lr T D TO SUt 1 por f OF ALUS G l mnS0 S l -IE T r F m I I1IU i 'E ' OULD rt QUTrII · THAT COHRUWH 'HIGHT t i'1 T P ' i f-' 1T UFO 'i CDR G f 'iT OF OVEH l lGHT nCit TS THEY COt l D 1 · T r ·IET n ln iCT lOllS IS HEGULfI lZP Q COnH1D nS VH1 ALL Al LIED Cl llL FLIGHTS MrJ TH V3 II i Vi' r XCUSE TO E E 1' O R F CO lPr nt TIVE GE · l R ILl Y fIt LlED OVEr FLIGHTS FROr' BERI lI TO EAST M £ OF counSEl DEP DE lT Vi'Or- GDR G' dH OF HIGHTS THREE POSSlf lLITES FOi I Ll lES TO WHAl l lGHTS TO OVERFLY GDH fdH D SCRISED 8 F LCl' 1 onnEn ' - lCH THEY - IGHT LOGle iLLY DE TRIED CHl Or lLOG1Ci LLY I CDR MIGHT JOIN IC O AND REL TED I T R ATIO AL AIR SEfWICES TfU JSIT r GR fYE H OI' STA 'HICH PROV1Di G FOR OVE iFLIGHT filGHTS FOR 3 WICES O I l' TlLtlTE r L Jr SIS Y GDR IOl lIt G ILLIES ri ' ELL AS'Fnn I OULD OF Trllt- D EsnED OVEHFL G T HJTHs ·JlTHOUT liAVItW TO F OTJ r TE 8JLP TE t LS It ' J II j 1m 1 T -IO l G II LESS FOR l' I L u u n ' T Ii r Y M 11 EEt·' n S NIGHT EVF '1TU '1LLY r r lF CESS f Y FOR SUCH IT VS I S OUTE DSSIGi· TIC ·l iDH r« ' f -E RELUCTr · r T I JOJ I If- SIt S nl E TilEY 1•• i il LiJ THt ' t- n LOSE DM GAI l ·lG L VE'1 THf Y UO ' U E i TO i · U · SAS I D I T9 FLY TO SCi O - iiEFELD ·P flTHU THf' 1 '10 ' ·1 3T EEi LJ·l l ' 'Eli P Y JD1 Ht lC T1 Y iOULD HSCU'JE SU ' STl H HL l F · F l1 ' T j O E Fi ' iT ' C lU' i I1ES MJD THEY IOG T FHID IT rJ TT I CTrVi T li Tr iE H f I Lli E ' Y OTHEr CClUriT iI£ O J 0lJESTIO·' OF CVERFI JGWfS ESULTfin am HIGHT TO alJF RFl Y C 3 · 'OULD PH ' I LY COST us LITTLE IF f tHHI G SI ·lCF rt YI JC OVER us VOL LD '· nT S Er' TO fiT J TO FO F SE F ' LEI NT En fo'L UG H l UT F ' F T E Enl Pi l TOR l lH' E E1H P r i I EVl S GDTl n L GO I ISTA REF C ILLl S V 1 In LO lCM LY i FE'I TO GRABERT SThTEi' r nT C l f SK f G TO L '1GF cnn TO JOIn lrlSTIi EITHER l'iSTE I OF O li' UI T l EOUS Y I ollTH F'R i-GDH BILATEnrIL hIE r- lGf-iT ALSO Err H TO F1 G UNOF RI 'l I% I' J r nTICLE 3 OF CHr·iJTEH 12 OF SF TTLf n · T CCl lVEtnlOt Tn PURSUE Ul ITS PllJTE 1AL II TP t1 POHT GnEF t E nS f D Id1RAl GEI- £trrS A L18EHP L I ND NO JDISCHII1 IJ ITORY POLICY P'T #'1313 f ' ' ' • ·· 1 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ll ' ' - ' ' ' I ' ' t • ••· i I ' ' i HWVIJ HCZ9 l PH A5 7 I Ll C 73 00 Fll HCS DE h UFHLl i '2· j iS 3 1'i 5 ZNY CCCCC ZZti BT e e I P 1 BEl T I A L t f lEi SIJC ZUI U HCS 15 '1 6 ' jl o1UFHJ Z llS ATT I ceo H Ii· T RA i· S 2 15 'j 2 S 3 '17 2 5 5 Z i'lY cecce ZZH R 3 j Z v 7IJ Fi1 US · ISS I J c L 1 'J T J i Uri H I ii Sy f U IiC S C Ti T j e I 9 r 1 e SF JC J ·3 I 5J TIlt L Si CT 10 J 86 X 2 THr b lLrES 'lI JHT 1QliHLY GJTlt H' 1ILf Tc i ' L 3Jr-I liT S f· i TPE Pi 3 0 lLLES 'jJ - 1T Gi fl n GO LJ r i J RIGHTS Ii' 1- 5T t - lr i F rLl HrS J lGI 'J Tn G IN 8 1 2 ' 5TOCK Oi' LCli'ZT3 I · TLFFi Fa u s lTi ' U l 0 r ·lCH 1' 13iiTS TO VJV i FLY GL'I 't CJUt L38 S £EK i IGHTS r S 'IE ' 5T E3c r'iLJ -3 'vUT T J S2 s l ur J TO GD ' 1F 'lI f J ni ' J 2 T Y 2 E '1E n i' 1 D 3 liT 01J 2fLIGHT nGHf-S t JUL i JBt '3LY E ' O i r 'H Ici j' TJ u s T · l Lr JJI 1G lGHTS I v GDf UGH v tJi 2i ' T JUL Xi E P ILl T i 1C C tiLLIt L - - ' f · l l iJUL CCJ · C lT - l ' G n TSJ ' G iU'l iY IT OC1 J l1 VUiTi r 'l ' J Z ' OF Pi G 'E iI TIJ · · l 0 ' S r LF JF · i SJ 2 iLI l UT OCCU ' L 3 rJ' ' i i1 - Hi V r C SEiW i IS f r S Pi F lEL D 0 F AVH T D 'j 1 I •J UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 ' • - ' 'Col ' ' ' Ef Cr OF Tri2 r LLJ ' r'iI - -1 E ' C U T f O'v'E i-LI3 -iT lGHT J JTH C J r A rL BILt TE · L- i T TI ' Z JF F n -G I l 3 ··i - · rr S t j l iT i i F 2 U l r '·i f C OV r - I iT 13 ' TS T J 'ST Ll ' L · r J 1I'3 T J ' 2 JTii l r r i i lr TJ i ' CJ iC i r J FJa iLLI D 3 - 1' 11 ' l-iI 3iiTS TJ OV ' rLY · i iV 3 Ji' i ' l iT DT E2 · JUGH UJiLi S DJ ' ' i' LY i ' JU f THf J r CT Or il J Ei · ns liL J 3 ' O T i J T iI · TO JJ'i2 '1 ES - L S f ' 3STk · CT Lr4T 1 GD i'1131 j J 3IST J 'i LIi JU S i J·3 iTS I i LIS IS PA H JF lY l3IU Tc r iL rl ' l' IS 1JU3T l L IF TH - C IS i ·lYTiil 3 ' OU i '' i ij' F 'iJ 'l I'u D VlflTI J IE 'iS · HICH JUL 3 J TH OUii Gi I TUJ THC l Lr DU3 iIGliTS 1 -1 U5 S' XL I J HT l' 14 ' ' • I '- J UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Departf' lent of State Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C17980088 Date 09 12 2017 lL J- j @ J OFFICIAL-INFORMAL RELEASE IN PART B61 CO'lft erafCf thiEI DISSENT CHANUEL 86 USAID Mission Islamabad Pakistan I I I ' ii i I I I Dear Mr Haqer As I promised in my l tter of March 27 we have pursued the questions on South Asia arms supply that you posed in your dissent channel letter of March 21 1973 You have raised a number of specific substantive points They are material o es and they deserve an answer I have asked my staff toqether'with o ler oon'cerned persona in the Department to comment on' them These comments are enolosed with this letter The main burden of my letter is not however substantive The important point for you to know is that the considerations you have raised have repeatedly occupied attention at the highest levels They have been discussed in l ational Security Study Memoranda in meetings of the Senior Review Group in discussions with the Secretary and in many other qatherinqs of persons at all levels who are concerned as you are with the implications of our ArtUS supply policy I am personally convinced' that these points have received an extensive and fair hearin9t and have ad an impact on our policy for as the enclosed comments point out we have settled on a policy that is very restrictive and is designed to meet many of the difficulties that you raise Obviously these ar9umen s did not carry the day in the sense that we did not impose a total arms embargo As you are aware there are stronq counterconsiderations- and indeed I am not sure that the logic of your argumentation necessarily leads to a total embargo COst XJ5l WfIJlcb I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980088 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980088 Date 09 12 2017 2 The dissent channel was created as a further means of ensuring that all points of view are brought forth in the interest of making the best policy choices Your constructive concern in this policy question' is appreciated Sincerely yours SIgned William I Cargo William I Cargo Director Planning and Coordination staff Enclosure Comments on South Asian Arms supply Clearance MEA PAB - Mr Bruce Lain eeTWI8f1M'l'I1 J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980088 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 1 ' ' ' -- ' '- RELEASE IN PART 86 ' • ' 1 CeHFIBEtl'f'IAL 1 • I Comments On The Points'Raised In I IDissent Letter On South Asian Arms Supply General 1 ' ' 86 F'ir t ' the point re e'xtrem ly' perti ent and h'a TB ' ·been· raised repeated ly in the discussions that led up to the arms upply pol cy decision s ' ond 'IL____--'Ia pears to the intent of the policy It is in fact extremely e- to a great extent precisely because of strictive t he ldnds 0£ poin ts th tL -1 --__--- -____--'1 A revi ' i·7 ' ' o£ the 1967-71 arms policy which was very similar to ' he 'pJ 'esen t o 1 sl mvs th a t small transfers of military r ason 86 be overintei-preti 1g t re sul t ed supplie ift mly 86 ' v er' There is evety to assume that the present policy will be inter- preted·at east as strictly Third there is an implicit p roblem in considering arms sales to· any other country There are strong moral political and often economic arguments advanced not to sell armS at all Yet this is simply unrealistic as a general principle and once this is admitted then it eemr FJEWP IlzTs UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 r l' _ ol ·' t ' ' ' ' ' • ' • ·1 ' '0 1 is ' t' ' ' • • t ' ' r ••• ' of··-'·· ' • ' ' t • • • ' ·t • diff i ult t o see a l CeNt EN'fIAL ' of •• ' I ' • • '0' • _ ' '0 ' • - '' ' hy' we should luake a unique exception ' _ ' ' ' i 1 South AS ia ' ' ' •• - 0 t ' guid ' ••• ' ' ' ' Specific Points A •• ••• 0 of our arms sales and this should also be our I II ' • ' 2' ' ·He seek to apply a nile of reason in for South Asia ' ' ' ' O The lethal non-lethal distinction L -_ _ _ _ _ -1I rgU 1ent is largely valid' there is no clear dividing line between the t vo marginal cases pose many problems B6 categories and the But once the decision has been made to sell some military equipment therA is much to be said for a policy that seeks explicitly to 0' • avo id ' the 1 1p'p Ly oi suc c ear ly l thai- items lS ta lk s fighter 'aircraft and artiller·y These 'i disputably ' lethal ite s have' been excluded since 1965 and·this is -I all to the good Conversely ' ·there is no reason to ex elude items such as radios or a ly-w rni g dar · By 'setting up the lethal non-iethal imperfect ve distincti however have at least excluded the most objectionable items and have decreased the lil ehood that pressed for them aswou ld be the case 'lere 'le will be the po licy GOHfIBJJN'fIAb UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 I t ' ' ' ' ' • ' t' • • ieli·ad hoc 0 • ' - CSNFR1ErllTlltb ' ' fqr put chas e of the ' • • • ' • • • • ' ' ' ' ' to • 0' • •••• • ' • '0 • int nt' margil l •••• I ' Agafn guarantee ' ' • in passing o'n requests items IL -_ _ _ _ th t ---Jli ' ' ' ' ' ' • ' • • I ' ' out arms will only be used in the context The argument made above concerning the 'le ti1al non ··le thai d istinc tiOLl is of some importance here the kinds and quantities of arms involved are designed to minimize pOBsible dam' J ge when · used out of context· ' The· fact r'emains that· rnodern sovereign nations do have armies and armaments ' Our 'Of ' ' ' •••• I ' lso as we will ·bring out -in the next paragraph e b elieve· that thE liklehoqd of 'Ind 1a and Pakistan' using veapon$ against each 9ther has diminished marked ly ' ' 86 quite correct that we cannot in vhich they were' supplied 0° B • Question of Use ••• The dis inc ion ls provides an im- port ant dec la ation or' ' ' '''' '3 •••• Here perc ivc L 1_ _ _ --- JliS _ on the '7eakest ground First we a gen'uine change in the power realitie s of the subcopti ent We do not believe that Pakistan is likely to engage in an ' 'arms race 7ith lnd ia any more The UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 ' · ·· I· '- - I I·· · GOHfIDEWHAli t t • ••• • ' ' ' •••• • # ' ••••••••••• ' ·4 ' I ' - 0 'f ' 0 0 ' ' - ' - j and a very limited arms supply policy is not going to • '0 •••• change this ' l' ' 0 ' '''' Second a well-executed supply policy • • • ' • ' ' ' ' can in act r du e the rms race ' • ' 0 For nst nce by providing spare parts for older generation aircraft we reduce the liklehood that Pakistan will opt for entirely new more advanced system's that would in· turn encourage India to obtain still later generation aircraft from the Soviet Union courRe Also of lIarms race I we do not control the pace of the We are by no means tbe majoJ supplier of 13y staying in the ge - - e armaments to the subcontinent ' ' in a li lit d Vay ole pr b tli ti b'e 'te r c11'ance of disco uragin g otber suppliers from providing ' e · ce ss ye ' amounts of weaponry • ' Th ere are 1 ' 1 · O V OuS 1y - 11 s b lIt of pl t a t h e narrmv ntent of our po licy and th ' record of implemen ta'tion beD leen ' • 19 7 • 3r d 19i'1 snggests tbat responsibly in j 'Gu s mc C tiL1g the8 • JC ' should he abl t to act p roblt ms VB Butter TIle point that South Asia needs to spend less ffione __ -------- GOHF IS 1 i rn It I UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Ca$e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 • to' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 ' '- 1 I I i ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' •• • •• ' on arms i '8 ' ' ' • 1 ' ' il'j efub1b1 e The' conn te'r- l rguinent is' 1 1' 1ch the 'saine one as made in G ' above ' ' ' CQNFIQEN'flhb ' that 7 t or rDl do not' the situation and indeed may be able to reta d the arcs • •• ' ' ' ' race and he nce expenditures by keeping some role for ' ' ' • ourselves Certainly the equipment that 'le - p' ' provide ' costs Pakistan considerably less than what they ha e had to spend on the international 'items rms mark et for comp arable One carl also argue that Bhutto's predilect on By is to spend less rather than more on armaments giving him some sign of cooperation we s 'reng the n ' J S l argaining po V r against' th se 'lho 1ant to divert s tii 'l more ' ' resourc s ' into armaments '0 ' ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980096 Date 09 12 2017 • • I ' r • - 17 '''_ '''' 1 · M t _' I @J 'l fORtI DS 322 OCR 1 IU' ' ''''' t ·1 C9UFIBEtJTIAL IRELEASE IN PART ssl CU YSS RTAR DT LSB 4 23 7 LI EXT SIP - SLEWIS 23730 S P HCBLANEY CU OPP NBOYER T CJONES INFO ARA CAR JWSIMMS I' ROUTINE SANTO DOI1INGO SL GDS TAGS PFOR OGEN DR SCUL SUBJECT YOUTH PARA DISSENTING VIEW REF A SD 538 FEB 6 L9 1974 B SD 2190 MAY 21 L 1973 C STATE 209SC13 OCT 24 1973 D SD llJ 59 OCT 9 1973 E SD 4585 NOV 8i 9 1973 F STATE 228145 NOV 20 1 L973 E O 652 1 DEPARTi1ENT APPRECIATES VIEWS OF FSOS -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ J THEIR OPINIONS WILL BE PRESENTED IN FORTHCOMING REVIEW OF YOUTH POLICY PAPER WHICH RESULTED FROM WORLDWIDE POST REAtSPONSES DISCUSSION WILL TACKLE QUESTION OF BROAD REFOCUSING OF APPROACH TO YOUTH QUESTIO S TAKING ACCOUNT OF IDEAS RAISED'IN THIS MESSAGE AS WELL AS OTHERS THIS REVIEW WILL FOCUS ON PROBLEM OF HOW BEST TO ASCERTAIN AND MAINTAIN AN APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF ATTENTION AT EACH MISSION AND TO INTEGRATE THE YOUTH Dlr1ENSION INTO OVER ALL MISSION EFFORTS 2 THE DEPARTMENT HAS STRESSED BASIC IMPORTANCE OF ON- CO 11 IN G GENE RAT ION AS FA CTOR IN PRE S EI'll AND f UTURE p 0 LI - TICAL AND ECONOMIC EVOLUTION OF COUNTRIES IN WHICH US HAS INTEREST THUS YOUTH fACTOR SHOULD BE RELtFLECTED AS APPf OPRIATE IN ·POLITICAL REPORTING AND ANALYSIS 3 IN LIGHT OF POINTS IN DEPTEL 2190 'ANY FURTHER SUGGES- L ce WI II IJTI it L UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980096 Date 09 12 2017 RTA NB 7t' HCS· i CJ 1 I ' I JbJS ' B6 UNCLASSIFIED I ' S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980096 Date 09 12 2017 Continuation Sheet I C6UFI eEfdTIAL TIONS ON SPECIFIC POINTS IN PARAS 2 4 AND 5 WHICH AUT H0 RS fi AY lIl SH TO ADD W0 UL D BE WE leO '1 ED BY REV lEW GROUP YYY 1- C rJfiIBErJTrAL UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980096 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980110 Date 09 12 2017 RELEASE IN FULL UMITED OfFICIAL USE DRAFT CABLE AC'l'ION TO BANGKOK FOR EMBASSY USOM and RED Subject Reorganization of RED USOM Relatfonships Ref A State 107086 B Bangkok 8679 C Bangkok 11952 1 We have reviewed the reorganization proposed in ref A the policy implications 4iscussed in ref B and the Embassy commeats contained in ref C as well as ·the history of the regional programs and prospects for their future 2 The Department and AID 'lish to reconfirm that it is US policy to support Asian regionalism and those Asian regional institutions which foster regional cooperation understanding and interdependence In part because of the success of the concept and the institutions which RED helped to foster other bilateral and international donors have supported regional activities and the Asians themselves have come to recognize the value of regional cooperation in selected development areas and are devoting substantial resources to it Hence while we believe that the US need not in the future playas energetic a leadership role' in' 'regional activities as it has in the past a separate and distinct office supporting our relationships and contributions' to Asian regionalism 'lill continue to operate • 3 We believe that the operational and administrative arrangements described in ref C are reasonable ones and need not adversely affect US support of reg ionalism in fact or in the eyes of the Asians However it must be clear to lHrHTED OffIC AL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980110 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980110 Date 09 12 2017 2 the regional organi ions and the countries involved in them that the US continues to strongly support Asian 'regional activities and maintains in Bangkok a regional office through which the us dll continue to support them Changes that are being made in that office are internal and administrative and should not have any effect on the programs nor imply any diminution of our support of useful regional arrangements 4 The questions raised in the dissent cable ref B are serious ones and vere given careful scrutiny and review On balance we support the vie vs proposed in Bangkok 11952 and assume they will prove satisfactory Of course if the organizational arrangements in light of experience after an adequate trial perhaps a year prove to be less effective than anticipated this shift can be reviewed at that time - Drafted by S P CWKontos Authorized by Cv ontos Clearance EA AEurnmel AID Asia' AWhi te AID Asia K Rabin ' info s p RSmith info UiiilTEO OfFIGli'L USE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980110 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980113 Date 09 12 2017 ' f ' ' ' • 4 l - I • '6 1 ' • '1- t Dehartment r 01 State • 1-41' of 'TELEGRAM CSO UNCLASSlFIED P A E 1 YAOUNO 01876 74 S 1 1217Z 0 RELEASE IN PART Bsl ACTION SP-03· NFO' OCT-01 ES-e2 - 11106 It 010744 R' t31105 JUN 14 FM AMEM6ASSy YAOUNDE ''1'0 ·SECSTATE WASHOe· 3462' IlNC AS YAOUNDE 1816· '- nIASENT CHANNEL Eon' 116521 N A RURJECTI O SS Ni MESSAGE FOQ· ADMINISTRATOR MRo OANIEL PARKER ROOM 5942 FSI I o Al A-35V2 B AIDTD eIRe A-eD7 •• Cl STATE 118017 0' YI OUNOE' 1669 THIS MESSAGE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING AnUNOE IEW _l SUBMITTED 8Y 86 REF B CALLS FOR INFORMATION ON EMPLOYEES AT POST WHO A E FOREIGN BORN OR HAVE FPRE'lGN ·eORN SPOUSES IT ASKS FOR THE MPLOYEE S NAME DATE OF 6IR H NAM OF FOREI N BORN SPOU$E r OIINTRV OF' ORIGIN ·CURRiNT CITIZENSHIP· of EMP L OYEE OR ·SPOUSE nATES Of ATURALIlATXON IF UwJ CITttEN AND LOCATtON 'THlS INFORMATION IS APP AR NTLY REQUESTED EVEN THOUGH MATTER OF RECURD TH SUBJECT EMP OY E AND SPOUSE AR OF SPOOSE • IT IS A 80TH ·UgR'g CnnENS-• THE PRESENT DISSENT IS· DIRfCTEO AGAINST THE PDf 1C Y OF REQUI-RING ·SUCH ·INFORMA nON ON THE FACE' 'x'T LIS'f MAKING OF U Se CITIZENS HU ARt FOREIGN BORN SMACKS OF INVIDIOUS OISCRXMINATION v ANYONE MAKINli ' UP L·UTS I IKE THAT HAS THE I UROEN TO EXPLAIN THE REASON POR IT ' HFREfORE AIO W WAS REQUESTED BY RE D TO Glva JHE kEASQN WHY SUCH NFORMATION WAS CAL EO FOR BECAUSE THE MANUAL ORDER CITEU IN REF'g' 8 DO OT MAKE CLEAR THE REASON FOR IT 8 THE Rt SPONSe WAS OF ' i UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980113 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980113 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' ' v o ·1 l q ' 'G • ' Department of State TELEGRAM UNCL AS5IFIEO RAGE· 02 R YAOUND ·01816' C A 1· S121 Z· NONRRESPONSE A• L S' MAKING OF DIREC' HIRE' FOREIGN eaRN u C1T1Z NS ANU spnUSE ' t$ OBJECTI0NAaL UN ESS 'THERE ·IS· SOME' EGliIM4TE REAsON FORI IT • -THe'·PURPOSE' BEH·IND REF • B SHOULD 6E INVESTIGATED r O nElr ERMtNE'ITS LEGITIMACY II IF · IT IS L EGITIMATE AID W EMP-LQV EES AR ··ENTlt ED TO 'PROPER XPLANATION WHEN BEING CALLED UPON PRr 'IVIDE' SUr H INFORMA Tl ON NO' 06JfCT ON IS BEING RAISED TO THE PRINCIPLE· OF·ASKING AN EMPLO'fEE · SUCH QUESTIONS' Ott AN EMPI OYMENT QUE5TIONNAIR ASKING r -XTIZENSHIP' 'PLACE AND DATE' OF ·BIR·TI' IS STANDARO PRACTICE· IT IS tHE APPARENT COMPILATION OF A rST OF FOREIGN 60R U SI r lTlZENS WHICH AT FI RST BI USH SEEMS OUT OF 60UNOS UNI ESS THffHi tS SOME AOEQUATE JUST IFICA nON II 'THE PERt'lISS I BI E OISTt NCTI'ON V'I R ATMENT OF NATU A eaRN UgS Q CITIZENS AND NATURALIZED CIT1ZEW HAVE BECOME FEWER OVER THE YEARS TO THE POINT WHERE ONE CAN' I ' U STION THE LEGITIMACV OF SUCH A RE UEST HOMRE AS IN REFa B ' I' UNCI ASSIFIEO FORM S·Ge OS l GS2 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980113 Date 09 12 2017 I 'I f- I' 50 ACnON SP Ql3 NFO' 'Oc r rH S 02 1 006' W ' 9 g H'l 1UN 14 AM MS45SY T AV1V 0 SEC9TAT WA HnC 2r8 R' FM RELEASE IN PART 861 1 1MITt O OFF'IC Al USE TEl AVIV 33P OI SENi F CHl NNt t 110521 N A TAns I 1 410 E AGR U RURJt IS AEL 'S PI 1915 PI ' 480 TITI Y REGlI IWEMENT5 REF A TEL' AVIV 26 8 8 TI I ' AVIV 306 i I '# •• f r OL LO lUNG REPRESENTS r 'lSSEN'UNG VIEWS SEE REF 8 01 1 1 I L - - - - - - - - ' '2' ' x ap t rltVE' HBASSY S OR'IU HAlt'PROPOSAI tREF Al WAS SOUNDLY ·'ro EXTItNT fHAi I'SRAEl 'S SECUR nv slTUATION REQUIRES USG· P'INANC UL ·ASSIsT'ANce· ANo %T' UNQUEsTtONA8L Y DOES H1L'iT RY G eDlT ANn' SUPPOti TING ASSIST ANC 'ARE ' APPROP l ATE USG HAS SEEN GENEROUS wI WnUS 410 AND WIL' U'NOOiJSTE'OI V' CONT-INUE T'O BE SO A8 FOR · 8A EIl' ern 'EcnNOM rCt As'S STANCE CESP EC ALL Y PL i I SRAEL I s lNCREU'XN t ' PRr lSPEfUTY HAS PROGRESSIVELY tRClDED ISRAEL ' S CASe OUH PL 4thr AS I'STANCE IS MORE URGENTL Y NEEDED BY COUNTRIES WITH QNE FIfTH OF ISRAEL $'Pf C PlrA_GNP KEATING' ' ' - - LlM1T O OfFICIA e u __ __ _ 'V1· USE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980116 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980122 Date 09 12 2017 Depart1J2ent -' - - - ' '''- PAnE 01 -R0 PRETOR 026e7 28154 5Z RELEASE IN PART BS • ACYlON· SP a3 N O· OCT-01 ES 0 ' 10015 W ••••••••••••••••••••••• '61509% JUN 'A 011181 'PM AMEM6ASSY RETORIA SECSTATE W SHOC 0138 'lN O USIA WASHoe 'TO e j 1'4 lee H T Ie to PRETORIA 286 1 n 11652i GOS 'TAf Si OECX SF URJI DISSENT MESSAGE nl clSENT CHANNEL 'REFr A PRETORIA 266 ' 6' PRETORIA 2787 'STATE' FORI AF CU AP· LJStA FORI tAA I Ce 'THIS MFSSAGE TRANSMIlS A DISSENTING VIEW _ SU8MITTE 6Y 86 'h NIH S OULO BE REQU REO AS MATTER OF PUBLIC POL lCY 'TO SHOW THAT 'PO TOOCTORAL FELLOWIH1PS OESCRIBED IN REFTEL A AWARDEO WITHOUT IAL· D SCR MINATION RACrA COMPOstTtQN OF SELECTION 'CUMMITTEE O ITIVE PROOF THEIR EFFORTS MAKE AWARE SCIENTISTS ALL RACIAL ' nups AVAILA8ILITV SUCH AWARDS RACIAL BREAKDOWN APP CATIONS RECEIVED AND AWA DS MADE A L OF WHICH POST UNAWARE ARE RE EVANT 'leTS IN OETERMINING IF'THIS PROGRAM FREE ROM RACI LLY DIS eR'MtN4TORV PRACTleES t A STRONGER PUBl IC STANCE THAN DESCRIBED REFTEI B RE PA SPORT REFUSA S MORE CONSONANT W TH CULTURAL f CHANGE POL cy AS ARTICULATED TO DEMONSTRATE SYMPATHY AND SUPPORT FOR HAVE-riOT AjORITY Al ONG FOLLOWING LINES 3' P E SEHIFIBEI4T1 b 7' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No_ C17980122 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980122 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' - r Department of State i @ M --_ - - eer4F t EN'I AI PAr E 02' PRETOR 02867 281 54 5Z 86 M AS8VhOEEPLY REGRETS REFUSAL PASSPORTS I 0 UT STAN 0 IN G LEA 0 ERS THE I R RE$ PEe T - I- 7v--- -C - OC- -MM-U-N - IT I E - -S- IN EFFORTS TO KEEP LINES OF C'OMMUNICAT'IONS OPEN 'WITH SOUTH ·A'RICA ANO TO ENABLE INTERESTED AMERICANS TO BETTER UNDE STANO CONTEHPORARV StTUAT ON' IN SOUTH AFRICA AMERICAN GOVERNMENT INV TED CRITICS- AS WEL AS ADVOCATES OF SAG POLICIES TO TAKE PART IN EXCHANGE' PROGR AMS WHENEVER- CR IT xes OF GOVERNMEN T 'POLIC fS ARE NOT ALLOWEO ·TRAVEJ OUTSIDE COUNTRY -TH S OENtES AMERICAN PUBLIC SPECTRUM OPINION EGAROING SOUTH AFRICA ANO MAKES DIFFICULT POR AMERICAN GOVERNMENT'MAINTAIN OPEN DOOR 'POLICV TOWAROS SOUTH AFRICA WE REGRET ALSO THAT lNOIVIUUALS INVOLVEn NOT ENTITLED HAVE REASONS FOR REFUSALS OR DAY IN COURT TO BRING OUi FACTS AND DETERMINE IF SAG ACTED IN ARNITRARy MANNER WHICH ARE fUNDAMENTAL TO AMERICAN CONST TUTIONAL PRACTICE AS WELL AS 'TO UNIVERSAL PRINCIP I E SHOULO 86 AT SOME rUTURE DAT PASSPORTSI I I BE GRANTED UNITED STATES OF AMERICA STANOS REAUY RE-NEW OUR INVITATION VISIT OUR COUNTRY WHERE THEY WII L Bf II -- J 7 MADE MOST WEL COME 'HU O eSIlFUiUTI 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980122 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980126 Date 09 12 2017 I Departn2e12t Of State IRELEASE IN PART BS eer4 IeeNT i PRETOR 02PH PAI'-lE 01 Abo '111 02112 1lZ ·11$3 ACTION SPAA3 INFO OCr- 'l ES 1R 02' 006· W m 8A8 JUL 14 FH AMtMaA SY PRETORIA 21053Z • • • • • D • • • U ·g· TO SECSTATE WASHoe 0160 t NFO us 1 A WASHoe e' fq I' 'J F I I SENT E O oE 14 T 0 L PRETOR IA 2911 eHANNt L URJr U652a GDS OEXC p SF OISSENT MESSAGE EF PRETORIA 281 1' AND TAr-52 2787 o '·1 a I REFER TO DISSENT 'CHANNEL MESSAGE P ETORIA 857' RELATING TO THE EXCHANGE B6 VISITOR PROGRAM IN WH CH HE TA ES ISSUE WITH CERTAIN D eISIONS ON THIS PROGRAM WHtCH I HAD PERSONA LY APPROVEO e '-8 IT' C RT4 N Y NEEOS NO DEMONSTRATION SOIlTH AFRICA IS iO USE THE OFTIIIQUOTED ABWORRENCE OF AP RTHEIO AN THE RACIAL SOflTH AFRICAN REG ME WE HAVE SAID SO L U LSg r SHARE WITHI I HIS Q r OVERNMENTls POL ICV v AND I THAT OUR POLICY TOWARD PHRASE O E OF' POLIC ES OF THE PRESENT MANY nME5 AT MANY OIS IK OF THIS AM OF COURSE FULI Y AWARE· OF THe MORAL DILEMMAS THAi OUR OWN POLICIES PRESENT IN THEIR ACTUAl rMPLEMENTATION WE CAN'THR W UP OUR HANOS AND WALK AWAY FRnM THE lLL1 ERALITV OF THE RESENT GOVERNMENT OR WE CAN I EF 'P HAMME I JG AWAV AT n SEEl ING CH'ANGE FOR THE BETTER STF P BY STEPQ SIN·Ce WE CONUNU·E TO MAINTAIN FULL FORMAk nIF OMA IC TH a RE AT UNS ONE THE USG HAS FROM THIS wITH SOUTH FRICA THE LATTER COURSE IS ELECTEO TO FOLLOW WIS LY HIGH LEVEL DECISION FLOWS A NEED FOR ME TO TAKE M O'ACCOUNT A WIDE RANGE OF POSSIBL E ACTIONS WE INT ND S9t1FiBEUTUI UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980126 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980126 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' It · - - r l· t x ' f 1ot ·i ' •• ' Departnze1zt Of State l lrp £ Mffl U ' i ' Ii I ' · ' ' 1 H ' W I' lil t g IF SENTIAt PAr E 02 PRETOR 02911 02l120Z TO KEEP THP € r H NGE VISITOR PROGRAM ON A PREOOM NENT Y B ACK HUI TIMRACIAL 6' S I THINK IT IS IMPORTANT TO PLACE MPHASIS ON THE NE OS OF SOUTH AFRICA'S PO ITICALLY UNREPRES NTEO -MAJORITY BUT AT THE SAME Tl E TO TRY TO INFLUENCE IMPORTANT MEMBERS OF THE RULING WHIT MINORITY WHICH CONTINUES TO 'PLAY SUr H AN IMPORTANT PART IN DETERMINING THE PACE' ANO EXTENT nf CHANGE IN SOUTH AFRICAQ WE HAVE PURSUED THIS TWO PRONGED nt3 J CT VE WliH THE FUL L KNOWLEDGE OF THE SAG WHICH WHILE 'HAvING SOME HEART6URN HAS GENERALLY NOT INTERFERED WITH WHAT wE HAV DONE • AT THE SAM TIME THE SAG'S PASSPORT REFUSALS POR CERTAIN INnIYIOUAlS CONSIDEHEO ACTUALLV OR POTENTIALLY SUaVER IVE REMAIN A NEAL PROBLEMa WE MIGHT ANO DO DISAGREE THAN AN NnIVZDU4L MAY BE SUBVERSIV BUT 'THE SAG AS A MATTER OF SE UR1TY PO ICY ADAMANTLY REFUSES TO G1VE SRECIFIC GROUNDS 'O SUCH FUSALSg IF THE SAG SAYS IT HAS ADVERSE SECURITY N ORhATION ON SUCH AN INOIVIOUAL NO AMOUNT OF USG FOOTa TnMPING WILL ALTER ITS DECISION THE SAQ WILL STAND ON ' TR RIGHT AS THE GOVERNMENT OF A SOVEREIGN STATE TO REFUSE TO IS5U A PASSPORT TO ONE OF ITS CITIZENS IN MY OPINION 'IF WE INVEIGH AGAINST THEIR ATTITUDE ON 'f HIS MATTER WITH NO CHANG OF ALT lN IT WE COULD DAMAGE' TH PROSPECTS OF OTHeR BLACK IVP NOMINEES o ' ' lw SIl' MOR OVt R BECAUSE OF' THE CONF OENTIAl rn OF THE EXCHANGE REPORTEO IN P TORIA 2787 SUCH ACTION COULD WEL BE T·'T E CO T OF 4 VALUA Le HIGH-LEVeL CHANNEL OF COMMUNICArrON IN Llr Hr' OF THE ABOVE I CANNOT AGREE WITH ISSUING THE KIND OF T ATEMI Ni TPiAT I 1AOVOCAT S - ' B6 TH EHbASSYiS MEASURED APPROVAL OF THE NIH-PROPOSED eA DIO TES WAS TRANSMITTED WITH FU L REGARD TO THE EXTREMELY HnRj LEAD TIME FOR A RESPONSE AND wE- ·j'AD NO REASON TO na ECT TO THOSE CANDIDATES AS INDIVIDUALS EACHOF WHOM APPEARfO 'TO HAVE BEEN WELL QUA IrIEO IN THE COMING YEAR WE LOOK ' FORWARD TO WOHKING WITH NIH CONCERNING THE MANNER IN WHICH TH SOUTH 'FRICAN SEL CTION PROCESS WORKS SO AS TO ASSURE THAT OUR PO ICtES RECEIVE THEIR DUE ECOGNITION IN CANDIDATE AE ECTIONIj HURO UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980126 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 SollJ • Department 0 State TELEGRAM RELEAS IN PART BS 'PAGE 01 ·STAtE 1-63349' 0 OR · rN INFO ·SPIw03· OCr 01 'E8-02 ' 006 'R DRAFTED 'BY C FiJQWEstHOR L NDIROGi APPROVED' BY CU I JR%CHARDSON CU AF ' 'WBEDHONoaON AF S·w HKAISER ORAFT' USfA IAA • 'JMCGINI 'Ey· CDRA ' ' - • - • • I' ' REFERRED FOR CONSULTATION NIHl US%A AA MBEMJ EN· DIUF'i' s p HSPIRO ' ORAFT S 5 MR g L 'M· AF' JFOLE¥ ' ORAFT' S P OFP • RSMtTH ' DRAFT ' ••••••••••••••••••••• '262222 JUL· FM SECSTATE' WASHoe TO AMEMBASSY PRETORIA 'PRIORITY e 8 IJ'F e e 00 266· N 'T ' L $T4TE 1 63349' otSSENT' CHANNEI I E g O' jU6152 ' OOS' 'T AGSIll' OEXC' SF SUBUEC'lDlSS NT M SSAGE' 'REF 'PRETOR A 1288 ' '2 1 t is i T f '· lA66 u' 1 AFTER 'REVIEWING' ' REf QRiA REFT ELS AND ASSOCIATED DoeUMENTS T E O PARTM NT' eECIEVE8 ·ftofA r' 'THEl'DEC'1SU N NOT TO ISSUE· A 'PUBl STATEMeNT ' IN 'RESPONSE TO' ·TtojE S G t·s REFUSAL' OF 'P 'SSPORrrS 'TO THREEi NON WHnE IV GRANTEE ' WAS' APPROPRlAT E· 'UNOER 'THE··C· RCUMST lNCE5 g 'usu CONeURS re '2 CU PROGRA lN · OUT ' pjXCA 'HAS UNOERGON ·SIGNI'ICANT EXFANSION ·OURING -PAST' TWO ·F ISCAL· YEARS ·GROWING 'ROH MODEST PROGRAM IN 'FY 72' 'TO- lONE OF 'THE L'ARGEST' IN AFRICA IN P'Y ' '4· ANO· 'O E' THAT·· APPROPRXATEt ¥ ·CONCENTRATES· APPROXIMATE V 'a 3' ·OF XTS'RESOURCES ON BLACK' COI DRED AND eeNF Ab -'t i I I _ I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 Department of State-'TElEGRAM ee' F el Un Icl i 'PAGE 02' ST T E· HI 5 SA9' f MPHAS IS ON 'NON-WHirf ' SR· N1 e ES CERT AI-Nl ' JHAS 'NOt GONE' UNNOTI ceD' '8 Y THE' SAG' GIVEN' THE oeCA 810NAl ' 'DtSP' 6ASURF ' AND· 'P ERHAPS pPReHEN8toN 8UCH EMPHA818 iMUST' GENERATE 'THE' RELATIVEI · I TTI E INTERF RENCE ON TH 'PAR1' IOF ''l'iHE ' SAG'' t8· NO TABl E'1I ' J' 'ESPEC1AL Lv ' WHEN VU WED AIUJNST THIS fUCKGROUND WEi ' '1Hl NK 'THE ' os r I S 'TWo 'MAX·N ' OtNT-S ARE WEL l I'T AKEN NAMELY · ·'tMAT· A 'P BL tc'· e P RESStON' OF'jU REGR T' AT T HtS· P01NT J·N 'n E 'COUI O ENDANoeR' A '·H1H H L EVEI ' CHANNELilOF COHMUNlCATtONI PARTrCUI ARl Y AFTER INTERt'OR 'MINISTER MUI JOER 'TOOKl'THE XN1TUTIVE PER$ONALt Y'TO ASSURE 'THE AMBASSADOR'THAT T HE' SAG' 'WAS' iNOT' ATTEMPTING 'TO fUNOERMINE 'THE' 'P ROGRAM Se CONOL Y we AGREE 'THAT 'TH£RE 'IS · A GENUINE R15K' 'OP PROYOKING' SAG 'RE ALUT ON IN 'PREIle NT1NG IFumURE NON WHItE GRANTEES 'PROM PARTtC PATING IN 'THE'·PROGRAM 4 G tHE REPUSAL 'OF'·1HE· PASSPORTS ·COUL D OF' COURSE 'CDNSTITUtE SAG INTERFERENCE IN EXCHANGE ROGRAM OEsPtTE' 'rHE'XR OENIAI S' THAT 'TH1S'IWA5' NOT ·INTENDED g SAG ACTIONS IN 'THIS AREA WILL BEAR C OSE 'WATCHING TO SEE IF· THEY DEVELO INTO PATTERN OF ATT EMPftNG 'TO FRUSTRATE' THE '08JECTtVES·'OF- ''l'HE PROGRAM D 'IF SUCH A ' AlTERN DOES EMERG ' A 'THOROUGH' ' ASSESSMENT' IN OVER'AL l CONTEXT' OF OUR REL ATIONS WITH ' SOUTH APR1CA WOUl D ' B f'fN·'OROER QUEST' ON' 'iMp L erT 'THE 'D' ME SAGE' '% ' ' 'SO 'THE 'POLICV IN WHETHER' 'THE 'US 2' SHOULD' NOT' 8 P I A Y NG' A STRONGER ADVERSARV ROLE 'WHE CON' ONTED' WITH' THE SAG ' S RESTRICTtVE ' OL rcu s' 'THl$ 'QUESTION IS UNDER CONT NUOUS REVIEW AND DIscussrON -tN THE'iDEPARTMENT'1I BUT' IN 'THIS 'PARr CULAR CAS WE eEL T HAT VXGOROUSl 'PUSHING AHEAD' 'WIYH THf'·Op R nON OF' A 'PROGRA ofHrCH IS 4 'TANGIB E ' 'EXP RESS l'ON OF 'OUR 'OE$ tRE TP ' MA tNTA IN COMMUNICATtONS' ·WITH· ALL' SOUTH' AJiFUCANS HLL'l Et Y 'fO 'SE MOREpPRODUCTIVE HAN A 'PROVOCATIVE CR ITICAI STATEM NT AT' lHtS TIM 'II 6 g REGARDING QUES1 10N' OF iNI 'F ELL OWSHIPS 'THE OEPA TM NT APPREC' ATES 'v XEWS eXPRES$ O ' tN 80TH' 'PRE r'ORIA ' 28e7 NDe911 SXNCE 'Nt'H 'PROGRAM 'U IN 'F ACT A COHPETITION OEP ARTMENT' •• 0 • _ • _ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 Department o State TELEGRAM eeNF BENTI ALi PAGE 03 ST T E' '1'6 349' AGREES 'THAT ACCESS 'ToO eOMPEftTiON AND OPPORTtUNITY 'FOR' ·F INAL S ECTrON SHOU D BE PEN ALL QUA IFXED' P ERSONS WIT HOUf REGARD TO RACE BESr' EANS 'OF CQOMPI t-SH'ING· GENUI NEL Y NOND%SCRIMINATORV SEI EertoN' ANI MAJ lNG 'TH rS CLE RL V ·BUT' NOFF ENSrv£L 'I vrDENT· ·TO' ALL U' MATTER FOR CAREF Ul i CONSI'DERATION' 'IN t GHT ·OF' 'Nt'H' 'PROGRAM 'OBJECTIVES I NorVIOUAl ' CDUtH'R'I' CfROUMST'ANCES AND' U 'S FOREI'GN P'OLtCV DEPARTMENT' WILL EXP L DRE'I MATTER FURtHER ·WITH· NIH AND 'f EEP MBASSV AND 'CAO ADVfSED INGERSOLL' 'TO to FORM 05 1652 D 66 n '1 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artmentof State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 noto ·Oe·T aU TfD ' a8 0 a Si R BV 'CU ' Ja 1MriRELANDIDRG 'RQV 2 I 'tU M t r Ttr ORELANO 2 rR D' nl Ttl U'rDN O f Ul iS a lli i 6 e A le 8Af 5 S S PaCFP a M emaaWgm 055299 f ' $1 UH 2't 'J'UL 1 tt SeCSTATt KDC AKI I Y PR A P io tTY 'i I Q r u t 1 SSENT' 'CHAN Eilll i ' STATE 168SmS III i i i £0'0 11 1181521 GDS TAG8 'OE C SF SUBJECT' REF DISSENT'MESSAGEi STATE· 1 e3349 CORRECTION - PARAGRAPH 2' REF EL SHO UL D' SE 'CORREC fED TO READ · AS FOLI OWS IN SOVT ' AF leA HAS··UNDERGONE ·SlGNtF ICANT ·P AST····TWO ·F·neAL' VEARS · GROWING' ·Il'ROM· t 100EST' PRO RAM IN· '''' 12· 'TO IO E ·OF ·THE· LARGEST IN AFR7CA IN ··FY· 1ikAND iONE· 'THiT' APPROPRI T LY 'CONCENTRATES AP RO rHAi'E Y '2 ··O' XtS R SOU CE8 ON BLACK· COL ORED ·AND ASUN 'COMMUNtTtES'o 8UCH' EXP ANUON AND T HE lMPOR1AN·T MPH4Srs ON' NON siWH T · GR N'r EES ·C RTAtNL Y 'HAS NOT ·GONE UNNOTICED BY 'THE SAG G VEN THE oecAStONAL IDISp I E aUR ··ANO 'PERHAPS APPREHENSION aUCH ' HPHASXS MUST' GENERATE 'ToHE RELATIVEL Y· ' · TTI E ·XN'r e R EFH NCE ON THE PART OF' THE 'SAG 'XS NOTABLE KISSINGER ·a·o CU' 'PROGRAM 'EXP NS tON ·DU ING· UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128' Date 09 12 2017 U NCLASS IFI E D S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 121200 ' L l l S LR'BUT'ON· 2 - F il m@ °t r lOO g - S m Original to be filed In EUR FE Ne A CU INR E P 10 HANDLING INDICATOR -t 'o -II-- TO L Feo AID Decentraliud File5 Department of State 11' 6StlEIBfPiIIAI 5 t AGR CO¥ FRe INT L4e TAR TFl XMB AIR ARMY NA VY 050 USIA NS t CIA FROM t1 E • C ' 1 t t f IEP RTHr rr DF ' A-442 I NO sua Note Mi b' S£P'5 4 33PH 9Nreturn o F 0 H '' I U t HT A NAL' o l ' ' 4j • Amembassy BELGRADE ' ' Oi ssent Message SUBJECT REF WRIS ' t tUt ' E O' 11652 ADS OECLAS 3 1 7 TAGS AMGT VS I '1 FILE DESIGNATION p e lss _ 7- DATE September 2 1974 IRELEASE IN PART Bel DISSENT CHANNEL l 861 r This message transmits a dissrting view' submitted by I I SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION POST R UT II« TO Action Info AMe'l POL ECON CONS SUMMARY A consistent distortion of the flow of foreign service reporting from Vietnam exists and is serious enough to call into question the Department's ability to reach any policy decisions based on this reporting END SUMMARY The war in Vietnam has been accused of much adverse influence on American society It is my belief that while the war has declined and much of this influence has disappeared its effects continue on the Foreign Service and the Department I have concluded on the ba is of my xperience and talks with' other FSOs in V ietnam that there were frequent significant omissions from the reporting to Washington to which I had access furthennore • the language of the reporting that did ga out to Washington was frequently slanted toward one interpretation of events What r describe amounts to in my opinion a consistent distortion of the whole body of reporting from the Embassy to the Department In my judgment the distortion may be enough to 410 USIS Fl E Acfiotl Inillalo American Embassy Belgrade I have recently completed a six-month TOY· in Vietnam During that period I served as a political reporting officer in the Consulates General in Can Tho and Nha Trang I had access to a considerable proportion of reporting from the Consulates General to Saigon and from ajgon to Washington I myself prepared some of these reports PO OCM ' 2 Token Dare -------------- ' 6'M ·S 3 In Iol O L SAt ' i DIalled by Cleargne a$ UNCLASSIFIED U S I eBUFf6ElffIltLj tIMDIS For I ling Llale rnon NO' O porlmenl Us Only - DIn lconl n s and ific allon Approved by I DCM OfIMll1er of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 0 Out 86 0 12634 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 ' ee'fFIBEfffIALtL IMflI3 Page 2 of A-442 Belgrade seriously call into question the Department's ability to reach any policy decision based on this reporting This distortion manifested itself in many individually insignificant instances For example in the report I drafted on the Four-Party ICCS investigation of the Cai lay School mortaring in March 1974 I indicated a strong suspicion that local GVN officials had permitted or even planned the demonstration which brought the inVestigation to an abrupt end Some revisions were made to this section in the Consulate General in Can Tho softening the wording but leaving the meaning essentially intact in CAN THO 0113 When-the Embassy relayed the report to Washington the section was deleted entirely Some weeks later the Embassy sent a follow-up telegram summarizing the incident which asserted among other things that the South Vietnamese spared no effort to ensure the success of the investigation This ignored the Consulate General's analysis This analysis--my analysis--was based on a long-standing acquaintance with the GVN officials involved and thorough familiarity with the security arrangements for the investigation as well as on eyewitness accounts gathered by another TOY FSO My acquaintance with local officials was established during my service as a CORDS adViser in Dinh Tuong Province in which Cai Lay is located from 1970 to 1972 My knowledge of security arrangements for the investigation was based on a number of long discussions with concerned district and province officials and with members of the GVN delegation to the JMC as well as on two walks through Cai Lay District Town ane just before and one during the investigation to actually observe security precautions The Embassy decided on an interpretation diametrically opposite to my own I For a second example in preparing the Weekly Ceasefire Situation Report for II Corps in the Consulate General in Nha Trang I was under instructions from the Acting Consul General to de-emphasize events which were or could be interpreted as GVN ceasefire Violations These instructio ns ' lJade it necessary for me to note at one point for example 'intensified action in the Eo Gio area of Kontum Province instead of reporting the actual division-sized GVN attack on NVA lines northeast of Kon tum City Again in reporting from Nha Trang I was told to describe a eries of operations by GVN units 'as taking place in unpopulated areas 'adjacent to populated areas in one coastal province These were ctually·deep penetrations into Communist base areas from which VC NVA units- ad been launching raids But this latter description I was told could be interpreted as a South Vietnamese ceasefire violation ll eetlFIBEUTH L l fl'lfnS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart 1ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 6QNFIBEN'fIALfLIMBIS Page 3 of A-442 Belgrade Ageneral factor determining the shaping of all reporting wa the tendency by higher-level officers to accept optimistic appraisals at face value but to demand careful documentation of any unfavor able statement I can cite other examples of systematic alterations in reporting in my own experience as well as examples from other FSOs with Vietnam service I can also note the Moose-Meissner report to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee which I have not read but whose conclusions as reported by the International Herald Tribune seem quite correct There are a number of explanations which'ar ' advanced among Foreign Service Officers in Vietnam to account for such instances as the above One was that the Embassy reporting to which we lower-level officers had access was designed for the lower levels of the Oepartment where most leaks to the press occur According to this theory the most highly classified reporting included a large part of what we saw camouflaged or omitted in lower-level reporting Thus the Ambassador might attempt to avoid press leaks which would harm the South Vietnamese position A second explanation seems more reasonable that the Ambassador directs the content and tone of reporting- to Wa'shington on the basis of his own determination as to what should be reported This occurs to some extent in every foreign service post as an obvious derivation of the Ambassador'sposition as the head of the US mission But this factor becomes harmful when the Ambassador's determination results in the exclusion of a coherent body of information that is when it re sults in a substantial distortion of the entire flow of reporting available to the Department from his post The existence of a substantial flow of distorted information to the Department has serious' effects on two levels in my opinion On the institutional level it can only harm the Department's efforts to maintain an influential position in foreign policy management On a personal level it'wastes the· services of· the Foreign Service Officers assigned to deal with it Furthermore it is a direct attack on both the morale and the integrity of the officers requ 'red to participate in its production The question of the content of the Ambassadorts personal communication with the SecretariV-'of State s relevant here If this communication adds the dimension that was lacking Re communications to which I had access the detrimental effects on policy of lower-level distortion eettnBEtlTIAL LlHBIS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Stat Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 e6NfIBE 'iTfAllL IPfBIS Page 4 of A-442 Belgrade would not be as severe But these effects continue on material produced by levels of the Department which do not have access to this communication The effects on the individual Foreign Service Officers required to deal with distorted reporting are just as serious as they are if no Ambassador-to-Secretary communication is taking place I use general terms here because I suspect that similar situations have existed in reporting from other missions though perhaps none as serious or as long-lasting as Vietnam To correct this situation I strongly urge that the Department reaffirm to all posts its commitment to insuring an accurate flow of reporting from the field This commitment would be made most clear in a message Similar to the following liThe Department wishes to remind each Head of Mission that it is his responsibility to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the flow of reporting from his mission to the Department If in the judgment of the Secretary of State this responsibility is not fulfilled and significant shortcomings are found to exist in reporting to the Department through the fault of the Embassy the Chiefs of Mission and senior Foreign Service Officers of the mission are reminded that this is sufficient reason to recommend or effect their censure and or removal from post This flow of reporting must include as 'a matter of course dissenting views of any significance from members of the mission staff The inclusion of these dissenting views is the responsibility of the Chief of Mission and of the senior Foreign Service Officers of the mission II I further recommend that the Department form a panel of FSOs to investigate cases where substantial inaccuracies may exist in Foreign Service reporting The panel which would be constituted at regular two-to'three year intervals or as special occasions arise would consist of a small number of officers including junior and middle-grade of ficers The Under Secretary'would designate at the time the' panel is constituted a list of posts from which reporting is most critical and or posts where ther is a controversy regarding reporting At present for example such a l ist might include Greece Cyprus Turkey Vietnam and any qr all of the countries involved in the Arab-Israeli confrontation On reaching a finding that there are shortGomings in a post's ' reporting through the fault of the post the panel will recommend action to the Under Secretary of State The Under Secretary will then contact the Ambassador and other officers concerned and in the presence of the panel request their answer to the charges made When the e9t4FIBEWfIAL LlP1BIS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 eertFIBElff IAL L me IS Page 5 of A-442 Belgrade Under Secretary reaches a decision in the matter he will transmit his decision and recommendation for action along with a transcript of the inquiry proceedings to the Secretary of State A finding of neglect will include recommendations for censure and or removal of the responsible officers If the Secretary does not concur in the finding • the procedure ends If he does concur he will forward any recommendations for censure or dismissal of an Ambassador to the President for his action Action against lower ranking officers will be the responsibility of the Secretary of State I have designed this procedure with consideration to the regular system of inspections as a useful and necessary supplement I specifically recommend that such a panel be constituted immediately to inVestigate the accuracy of political reporting from the US Mission to the Republic of Vietnam Specific attention should be paid to reporting of military actions possible South Vietnamese ceasefire vio lations instances of corruption and any other occurrences which might be seen as reflecting adversely on the South Vietnamese effort In view of the demonstrated interest of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations in this matter and with a view toward maximizing the Department's creQibility with Congress ' I further strongly urge that the Committee be kept informed of the progress of this inquiry I request distribution of this message to be made to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Management the Director General of the Foreign Service the Inspector General and the Chairman of the Secretary's Open Forum Panel in additiol to the minimum distribution in State 86 A-3592 May 2 1974 Signed I TOON SQNFIBEWfl L LIHBIS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 ORIGIN'AC TlON S- r'RS' EUR INR I 2 REr AF ARA 6 NE CU E P 10 FBO AID SY Utii O TT lOO SVf U39 Original to be Filed il ' UNCLASSIFIED INrO DEPT PASS AGR COM FRB INT L B T 'R TR XMB AIR AR 'IY NAVY OSD USIA NSA CIA DOT ---- --_ -- -- FROM r r DfC2l I D7fiIf1q ' '·i- ''' 'i·· ' r ' l t-L U ' RELEASE IN PART BS II - r America'n Embassy Saigon c ' ' V DATE ' ' Ir'r J' ' yJ 1 ' December 17 ' 9 74 'Y V' Ill ll f Dissent Message REF A Belgrade A-442 B State 225131 C State 260551 D State 260507 r He W 1 I have not until now I found time to look seriously at Belgrade 1 s A-442 the text of which was forwarded to me in ' ' Ref A and the Departmentls response contained in Ref B Now that I Ihas again raised the question in Ref C and the' Department has again responded in Ref D perhaps a few comments from me might be useful 86 2 I had a copy of I Ime ssage for some time before I received it officially on October 22 1974 • Its substance is of course a most serious charge against the most valued item any diplomat can carry in his professional baggage - his reputation for total professional integrity and his competence o insure that reporting to the pepartment is objective dispasSionate and wholly accurate - l NO SUBJECT SUGGESTEO OISTRf BUTION ' A-255 - ----- ---- ' j Department of State N A AMGT VS E O TAGS 7 l STR SCI s« i HANOLING INDICATOR TO Sill FfLE DESIGNATION I entrolized Files 86 3 Now it is true that I personally have I perhaps an oldfashioned set of values I was taught by my superiors almost three decades ago that the Foreign Service if it was to serve the President the Secretary and the American people as they had a right to demand must have an·internal discipline and cohesion arising from mutual trust and confidence Absorbing that lesson from Jefferson Caffrey Charles Bohlen Jamie Bonbright Theodore Achilles Phillip BonsaI Hugh Fullerton and others it simply would never have occurred to me to file such charges against a fellow officer without confronting him with my suspiCions either personally or by private communication l FORM 3-70 D cfteo E l OS-323 UNCLAS SIFTED L1 AMrs GMartin ek CloarancCts I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0774 3 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 2 Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED and attempting to arrive at a personal judgment only after I had carefully considered what he had to say That is the course l1owed by o jcolleagues in Can Tho But not ODr B6 'B6 4 Nor by those in the Department d1 arged by the Secretary with monitoring his Dissent Channel II • I was J g QiD9_Jh J2 1 2artment w Q respond immediately to me or to any effie_eLSO accus asking for whatever comment he cared to make before the Depart- ment responded It seemed to me that failure to do so would' i violate the most elemental canons of common decenc and fairness t also seeme to me at fallure ta-dO-SP-would-mar k-the D ep ar tment's further descent into the neo-McCarthyism which has already been embraced by a small segment of the so-called e s tigative rePorters of today' s American pre 5S These in turn have also rlfected a tew of the young Foreign Service Officers whose academic exposure took place in the middle' and late sixties with the consequence that as one now retired Service colleague observed many are not only ignorant of history but seem to be wholly innocent of the fact that history exists Fortunately there are only a very few 5 The most charitable comment I can make about the Department's failure to recognize message was in no way a dissent case dealing with policy but an ad hom men attack on t e ntegrity of a fellow officer requiring he be immediately informed was that it was assumed that s 1nce the charges regarding the Embassy report- I ing in the Senate Staff report had been met head on in the July 25 session I had with the Senate Foreign RelatiQns Committee and dts-' p' sed of that since on sUbseguent press inguiry tiH3 Department spokesman was personally authorized by the Secretary to ter' F it completely mfounded i ere fore deemed necessa to go into the substance of comments I ut not to do so is qually unfair to I will come that later to 6 A preliminary comm ent may have some relevance If I had been afraid of such attacks I would not have accepted the Saigon assignJIlent It was totally certain that such attac ks would be as inevitable as they have been on every Chief of this MiSSion for the last fifteen years It is of course essential for those opposed to U S policy in Southeast Asia to attempt to discredit U S Mission reporting UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 B6 B6 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 3 Saigon A-255 Otherwise their principal weapon - propaganda - would be blunted in its attempt to persuade the world that the fighting in Viet-Nam was only an indigeno' s uprising compelled because of the intolerable tyranny of a wholly repressive regime For years Hanoi has vehemently denied that a single North Vietnamese soldier was in the South Hanoi has not deviated from the figure of 200 000 political prisoners for the past fifteen years providing this figure through every media opening it can find Others a s Hanoi well knew would e stabl sh their credibility and objectivity by lowering this figure by v-arying degrees - to 100tOOO by Amnesty International to 40 OOO-60 000 by a Senate Appropriations Sub-Committee and even 500 to 1 500 by the Department All were totally wrong The patient painstaking work of FSO Harry Sizer I and the circulation I helped give his findings has largely demolished the issue in the Congress 7 Again the controvery between the U S Mission and the Saigon based American press is a historical continum since the early sixties when the Buddhist bonzes were carefully programmed for immolation only when the TV cameras were in place Therefore l a continuing controversy could not be avoided if the U S Mission insisted that its reporting should 1 e held to a standard which insisted the American people and the Department had an inalienable right to the whole truth rather than the theatrical distortions still demanded of many Saigon reporters by their editors 8 The third certainty concerned some of the junior officers Many were really innocent of any 'historical perspective most were handicapped by the considerable burden of an erroneous conventional wisdom which they coul q not· possibly escape absorbing from the pervasive propaganda Q ampaign 'of'distortions about Viet-Nam which has flooded Ariierica since the sixties Some few would be certain that as in the Indian allegory of the five blind men and the elephant their partiqllar bu limited exposure to a small sector of Viet-Nam gave them an' access to the revealed truth Therefore r if their perceptive rep·erts·were not accepted as such by their superiors distortion and slanted rep rting had obviously taken place 9 As expected all three have materialized Nevertheless' if United States interests were to be truly served r it would be essential UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 4 Saigon UNC LASSIFIED A-255 to pennit none of them to divert the Mission from rep orting the woole truth As our policy demands that we try to speed up the process of winding up the U S involvement in Viet-Nam in a way that will contribute to not impede the achievement of larger policy goals elsewhere in the world there is an enonnous premium in having the Mission reporting inform Washington with great precision and accuracy of conditions as they really are in Viet-Name A simple exercise in logic establishes there is really not the slightest motive to do otherwise This I have tried to do and I believe with considerable success 10 • When as a result of a New York Times despatch Senator Fulbright wrote the Department which queried me for the facts I decided to answer the Senator directly I might add f am pleasantly surprised to be again able to agree Wit characterization of the New York T mes in his second message The Senator has released the correspondence and it appears in the record of my report to the Committee on Foreign Relations on July § J97 4 It is a revealing bit of correspondence since the staffer who drafted the Senator's letter was also the author of the section of the staff report dealing with Mission reporting The last part of my reply to the Senator's letter sets forth the standards I have set for this Mission's reporting Also in this record are the report of the Senate Staff Study and my comments on the section dealing with the Mission's reporting Thes o re ls are enclosed as Annex A and Annex B for the benefit of who even in his second message is still apparently dea ng Wl press reports rather than original documentarY evidence 86 86' 86 11 Now we come tol It appears from the_attached comments of his supervisors in Can Tho and Nhatrang Annexes C and D ha tthey have C _ l - n s_ ress x g c ' n ver the g G e n p 2r t ngJ nor-E v _ E n_ able to find anyone he_ 1Ea _ y'_ to_w I Q IlI_h p re ed qgnc I1f 9 Q9 lt J1ie yer ll Mi s_ on reporting from Saigon Yet apparently motivated in part from the J version of-the Senate Staff Report appearing in the New York Herald 'fribune I l1e raise g1 E tiQI _in_his_originpl message about-the- ccuracy a in 9I y _9 l _ _ _reporting He repeats these in his second message UnfortW1ately he mentions only three examples which will be discussed later UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 5 Saigon A-255 12 To take I essage in the sequence in which he presented it I would agree with the first paragraph after his summary The effects of the war in Viet 'Nam do continue on the Foreign Service and the Department II The effects are inimical dqngerous in the extreme I both to the interests of the nation but also to the continuing utility of the Department and I most particularly of the Foreign Service I to serve the Pre sident and the Secretary have long contended that both should be the principal instruments for foreign policy analysis for formulating recommendations for policy changes to protect and advance American interests in a constantly evolving and rapidly changing pattern of power relationships I and finally for the overseeing of the execution of the President's foreign policies Such a role is not likely to be afforded either the Department or the Foreign Service unless both can demonstrate a capacity for discipline for dispassionate analYSiS and for total integrity in Foreign Service reporting The latter two qualities dependent on the first must be as remote from personal lIengagement or lIinvolvement as imperfect human beings can possibly manage 13 Therein lies the validation of I pbservation on the continuing adverse effects of IIViet-Nam on the Foreign Service and the Department But not for the reasons he gives Rather l I suggest as long as young Foreign Service Officers and their colleagues in the Department insist that only those items which fit their preconceived conclusions can be reported that those messages which their monopoly of the revealed truth II prove to them are wrong can be leaked to journalists or Congressional critics and as long as their actions are tolerated by their colleagues in the' Service and excused under whatever rubriC by those carrying senior responsibilities in the Department we are in very grave danger that the President and the Secretary will use other mechanisms to carry out the most vital and sensitive parts of their constitutional responsibUites to the nation for the conduct of the nation's foreign affairs Therein lies the real danger both to the Department and to the Foreign Service While young Congressional staffers and young engaged investigative journalists subject to and inevitably and obvi usly 1 I affected by the same flood of distortions about Viet-Nam which II characterized the sixties and still exists may delude themselves that the end justifies the means the Department and the Foreign Service cannot do so and survive UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 86' 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 6 Saigon UNCLASSIFIED A-255 next 14 In the paragraph I butlines the nature of his responsibilities during his six month temporary assignment on which he bases the conclusions advanced in the following paragraph It is of course very easy to issue sweeping and blanket charges Senator McCarthy was very good at this as well know from a bitter eight year attack for my part in exposing the absurdity of the Cohn-Sehine iiwestigation of USIA in Europe in the early fifties In the end however whE n specifiC J i i facts were demanded to substantiate the sweeping charges the judgment of the Senate about Senator McCarthy is now history 86 'II I I I 15 The first specific instance provided by involve s the fact t at in the reporting of the Cai Lay school mortaring in March The Embassy decided on an interpretation diametrically opposite to my own That is quite true The Embassy determined that lIsuspicion was not supported by either logic or fact Indeed r here was a much stronger logical presumption that the incident was staged by the communist ICCS delegations to rescue their PRG NVA friends from the very sticky public relations situation in which the Cai Lay incident had placed them But since we could not establish hard evidentiary material to substantiate umption we reported neither this presumption norc J suspicion The follow-up cable stated to quote c J II ' • that the South Vietnamese spared no ffort to ensure the success of the investigation T s statement was ·based on several sources It was also logical and credible To one extent I share I pbViOUS bias against the GVN Never has any Government been so inept in handling its external public relations Nevertheless here was the murder of school children by an indiscriminate NVA VC mortar atta·ck He e wa the · rst case where universal horror at the death and maiming of ese innocent children had forced the Hungarians and the Poles to actually participate in a field inv stigation There were powerful incentives for the GVN to make every effort to ensure no untoward incident which could detract from establishing the clear fact that IIPRGH NVA action was· responsible for the death of the children· A s inept as the GVN has often been in getting the truth out they ·are not really stupid enough to play into the hands of their enElI ies A parently fvould also deny the possibility that the Vietnamese might ove the r children enough to have spontaneously protested even though the GVN had as the Embassy reported spared no effort to ensure the g UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 86 86 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 7 Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIEP success of the in estigationl The Hungarian and Polish Delega tions Radio Hanoi 'the Budapest press the pRG II T iberation l SUsPicion II Radio and Hanoi's Nhan Dal - all agree with I that local GVN officials had permitted or even planned the demonstrations which brought the investigation to an abrupt end On the basis of be f er evidence accumulated by several elements of the Mission it was concluded that this was not true After a recent thorough review 1 conclude ilia t the Embassy's reporting was solidly based on the evidence ' In this revie w including the log of I Irunning report by telephone I conclude he is a very competent reporter as long 'as he is dealing with facts not his 'llsuspicions II • 86 '7 86 16 In the only two other examples cited b he states 86 he was under instructions from the Acting Consul General in Nhatrang to de-emphasize events which were or could be interpreted as GVN cease-fire violations II Mr Cook his Foreign Service colleague 1 referred to informs me that this is not an accurate statement t tat 1 his instructions were to avoid ambiguities 'and be very cautious with i adjectives and simply describe ao urately what was going on Nhatrang's 0361 of 4 June 1974 written by a s the following jl 86 item I 3 Kontum The push toward Vo Dinh initiatec i by tie 41st and 44th Regiments 24 May has bogged down along lline qros sing Highway 14 twelve kilometers northwest of Kontum City Intense shelling of ARVN units continued with light casualties reported However the operation may be i3 chieving its main objective to draw enemy attention away from 'the isolated outposts of Mang Buk and Ghuong Nghia · No incidents were reported at either location during the week o Minor action continues north and east of Outpost Five 13 kIns northe st of Kontum City 11 17 The two units involved were identified It was assumed Washington readers knew how large a regiment s In any event a full and complete report from DAO was already available to the principals in ·Washington Q UNCLASSIFIED - ··--rr ··· UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 page 8 Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED I I 18 The next pnd last incident cited by involves inr- structions he alleges he 'was given lito describe a series of operations by GVN units as taking place 'in unpopulated areas adjacent to populated areas' in one coastal province These were actually deep penetrations into communist base areas from which VelNVA its had been launching raids But this latter descriptiori I was told could be interpreted as a South Vietnamese ceasefire violation II I 19 NO'one remembers this incident or issuing any such instruction verSion since it ip dicated the GVN was not sitting idly by without taking action against areas from which asl Isays Ve NVA units had been launching raids II Here again a full report was already in Washington' from DAO before CJ I report wa s written I would have preferred I 20 I have not had and do not now have the slightest objection to the full and complete description of all military actions which are routinely reported by the DAO and are available to all Washington agencies I have assumed those in Washington who were interested coulddraw their own conclusions I have been less interested in contributing to distortions by forwarding judgments attempting to assess blame to one side or the other for alleged cease-fire violations since a cease-fire has never existed and was not really expected to exist by anyone who was at all familiar with ilie past history of Hanoi's action Even' Mr Moose in the Senate Staff Report on whiChC - -_ places such reliance observed that nla k of respect for the Paris Agreement is so widespread that it is impossible to apportion responsibility for the continued fighting Even in the case of isolated incidents initicH responsibility is invariably lost in cycles of action and reaction II 21 I pass overl Isubsequent paragraphs on the machinery he recommends since its content makes any comment'on its practicality unnecessary I answered the basic issue in my response to Senator Fulbright last January when I said ' 1 I Your last que stion inquired 'what guarantees there are that Embassy reporting will be objective and that' a full spectrum of views can be expressed to the Departm'ent ' The answer is of course l none except my integrity And J UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 86 86 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNO LASSIFIED Page 9 Saigon A-255 that on the basis of a forty year record is a complete guarantee Even Mr David Halberstam to whose book The Best and the Brightest you referred at the time Messrs ' Godley Sullivan and I appeared before you for confirmation bears indirect testimony to that fact I am not even mentioned in the book I am told that when asked how I possibly could be omitted he replied that the thrust of the book was to demonstrate that when the military machine started rolling no one could stand in its way Since I had fought bitterly and successfully to keep the Americans totally out of any direct involvement in the Thai insurgency t it would have disproved his thesis to have mentioned me If you will refer to another book Charles Bohlenls Witness to History you will find recorded the precepts for the kind of reporting this Embassy will do Facts carefully researched thoroughly documented reported without adjectives implying a judgment only history can give Even the storY says But the information is still there Since I have been here no report has been either stopped or slanted The officers are beginning to take pride in the fact that our objective is to ensure the most candid objective wholly dispassionate reporting to the Department that has ever come out of this Embassy and reporting which will fully live up to the Bohlen tradition We will report Viet-Nam as it really is successes failures beauty spots and warts Al1d we will not permit ourselves to be swayed from pursuing this goal by anything a once great newspaper may print Nor I I might add by anyone else • I 22 On econd message I have' no comment except to' point out that although in paragraph 4 he states domestic press coverage is itself frequently biased and incomplete •••• New York' Times coverage has been a particular example he uses the same press reports in the very next paragraph to justify his conclusion that my testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committe was inaccurate Perhaps if he depended more on original sources the record of the hearings in this easel or a personal interview with me while he was in Viet-Nam which was always av ila l to any UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' UNCLASSIFIED Page 10 Sa'igon A-255 PSO who requested one perhaps both his reporting and his conclusions would be more soundly based 86 23 Paragraph six ofl Isecond message perhaps explains why he sought no such interview or as far as I can determine discussed with any of his supervisors while here the enormous distortions that were I according to him taking place The only tentative conclusion I can with great reluctance draw from this paragraph is th 1 I and if we are to believe him others of h s colleagues did not have the courage of their convictions to raise their concerns with_their sUReriors • Ratillu 1he would wait until with OERs safely cked away they would indJJJ g _in Jtuc h Qharges from the safet o£ a Y-ost h al£ way round the world Thatpar graph is the most savage utterly damning self-indictment Lever recall seeing ' r 86 24 The statements made by me before the Senate Foreign Relations qommlttee are the exact truth and had J Ibothered to ask he could have easily so ascertained while he was here 86 J 25 But more troubling is the concept of dissent this paragraph dis e m s to be seeking is not the opportunity f r legitimate and reasoned d i s s ent but li ensed anarchy -tob q engaged in at will with full and c omple te guarantees absolving him from any responsibilities for his actiQn s In twenty-seven years in i the Foreign Service of the forty years I have' spent in the service of the American people r have it seems in retrospect to have been engaged in constant dissent I still am I have given it some thought and offered publicly in 1968 some Reflections on Dissent Haying always asserted my right to dissent I·have always been meticulous in assuring that right to others But I never assumed I could dissent without risk even if I had carefully' prepared a case which would establish my dissent was responsible serious and based on incontrovertible ct With the thought that it just possibly could have some relevance I am attaching a copy of those remarks as Annex E and call attention to the closing ·paragraph 1 plays _What I I 26 I said in the beginningJ_sJ1ared istaste for t Department's responses to him My reasons are obviously different The channel was set up for ·dissent on policy issues according to the communications to the field announcing its creation communications woura not seem tofit-t11e aesc nptton l ------ -J UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 11 Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED communications are 1n reality an att ck on the integrity honesty and competence of a fellow member of the Foreign Service This doesn't bother me p rsonally It has_been tried over the years by far abler antagonists It has been tried this year I am perfectly able to defend myself ' 'and a record of forty years __of total integrity _ ----_ ---- really makes me impervious to this kind of attack As certain politicians have discovered this year the Circulation of distortions about me can have results that are politically disastrous to them But- I am concerned for others that this kind of attack can be widely circulated withOUt prior notice tOtlleOfficer so attacked simply because i s author forwarded it through the Dissent Channel I suggest this is a prostitution of the Secretary's intent when he established the Dissent procedure 27 My other objection centers on the fact that when questioned on the release of the Senate Staff Report the Department spokesman with the personal approval of the Secretary I expressed total cOI lJi dence 1 1 in the integrity of l porti D g 9f l1 e JJ • _S • _Mi§ §io D in_§ aigon Even B6 t e yroc r re m '§'D£ 9 RY1 tLP ar_a gra 1 J 6 of t message contemplates that the Secretary's determination is final - -- '-' P - _ - 28 Tberefore to indicate -- s - • - _ _ ••• _ sip's replies tol Idoes that there is still an OEen question to be resolved by the forthcoming in § 2ection would e nL to imp lYil1 § t_ th§ Jnspectors are better able arrive aLSllc h JLconclusion-than is -the-Becr eta r Y _c IJ implication I i'ather think the Secretary may find both distasteful and absurd to 29 This reply is too long ' If I were concerned only over the attack on me I wo1 lld have ignored it The two Dissent messages and the Department's response ighlight a more important issue The report I wrote for the Foreign Service Association in 1948 published under the title Toward a Modern Diplomacy included an annex on openness of the Service On page 124 of·that small volume there appears the following c Evaluation The real test of openness for the foreign service comes at the policy-making phase when debate is hot and differences are engaged The tendency of policy formulators from desk officers on up to resent outside advice or resist debate is a natural bureaucratic reaction The foreign service must however playa more active role in UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 12 Saigon UNCLASSIFIED A-255 devising new ways to keep debate alive and to support the objectives of those parts of the bureaucracy whose primary function is to question established policy I 30 That report was in and of itself a IIDissent It was done without authority or sanction of the Department and it therefore entailed considerable risk to those who participated in it But we believed what we had to say was important enough to pay the price The Dis sent Channell is a logical outgrowth of that exercise and the subsequent Macomber Task Forces' which it spawned 31 The IIDissent Channel in my opinion is important It should b LPr e s e ryeJ i _It J n9J 11keJy_to -b e if_tho s_e_Qhar gea 15Lth1n3 tary 1 wi onitortI _ l li § __9 91 1 tin ue to p ermit it to_be abus i i t h9 s_ JI en in this case l '-- 32 Th refor § s mJ g § LF 9ce ign_Service _Offic_er sJlavELt h e same rights r the 'disl entll procedur e e v en those_temporarily' detached while serving the President as Chief of Mi ssion l' suggest this messagebe considerect··a cEs·sent -fro ' ll-f T th · f 'ced·m·essageS andb accorqed the - e distributic na s tiiey' received adding'the DJrector of Personnel Tho sagJ _gl 9 J J tt re 2 _are being sent by -me to all Foreign Sexvice Officers in Viet-Nam • -- -- - -- -- - -- - -- --- --- 33 As a matter of fact I have not the slightest objection to whatever wider distribution may be desired including Mr Moose of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Staff and the press And to ease the slight twinge of conscience which might impede the inclination of some tq 1eak it I am - _--_ _ sending message as IIUnclassified • - -this _ _ - _ _ - -- - ----- 34 The Secretary has already directed that it be publicly announced that the Departirie t Jlg s_ complete confidence in th ' L ntegrity and compj etene-ss I e rep ting If the Saigon Mis sion Lll ee_ told th JJLhorr ible_to be_nibbled_to_de ath b Y_ uc s p lJl when they are your own ducks it is both obscene and ridiculous Therefore having theOiCRashic edi i ·-th· t hi ubordinate -bureaucracy cannot overnile the· secretary -I-c 6nsider-tTie·· matter cio'seer-alid I shalInot address it again --- ----_ _ - MARTIN UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 @OJ-fU@ RELEASE IN FULL Annex A Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED The Chairman The committee will come to order OPENING STATEMENT We are meeting this afternoon to hear a report from our Ambassador in Viet-Nam Ambassador Graham Martin He has a very long and distinguished career in Foreign Service Earlier this year there appeared an art1cle in the New York Times which was brought to my attention by the staff and prompted me to write a letter to the Secretary of State By way 0 f background for the hearings I think that letter and then a reply from the Ambassador should be put in the record The information referred to follows Hon Henry A Kissinger Secretary 0 f State Washington D C January 24 1974 Dear Mr Secretary I was somewhat disturbed at the article in the January 17 is sue of the New York Time s entitled U S Envoy Runs Tight Saigon Ship Curbs News Strongly BacksThieu II a copy of which is enclosed I hope that the Embassy in Satgon is not going down the same road again that contributed to official U S misperceptions of Viet-Nam in the past--the road of thought control censorship of Emba s sy reporting I lack of contact and communication with the press I have learne from experience that when press accounts to this effect appear from nonnally reliable reporters they usually have some basi's in act· I wonder if you might inquire and let me know what Ambassador Martini s policy is c nceming press contacts bEfhveen American officials in general and with regard to requests for interviews what the Ambassador l s policy 1's with regard to access by members of the press to the Defense Attachels Office and what guarantees there are that Embassy reporting will be objective and that a full spectrum of views can be expressed to the Deparbnent From other sources I am aware that sev ral American news UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C 7980143 Date 09 12 2017 3 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 1 1 UNCLASSIFIED Page 2 Annex A' Saigon A-255 organizations have encountered severe difficu ties in maintaining their representation in Viet-Nam Some journalists have been refused extension of their visas and others have been denied admittance • We understand triat the Embassy in Saigon has been of minimal assistance to the U S individ aJ s and organizations involved in these difficulties These reports are a matter of concern to me and I would hope that the Embassy in Saigon would be asked to make every effort to assist the American media in performing its funct ons in South Viet 'Nam Sincerely yours J W Fulbright Chairman From the New York Times Jan 17 1974 U S ENVOY RUNS TIGHT SAIGON SHIP CURBS NEWS STRONGLY BACKS THIEU By James M Markham Saigon South Viet-Nam Jan 16-In Ambassador Graham A Martin's six months in Saigon he has asserted firm control of tie sprawling official American community established a severely restrictive public-information policy and given almost uncritical support to the Gover nment of President Nguyen Van Thieu The 61-year-old career diplomat whose ambassadorial style is reclusive to the point of secretivene'ss rarely ventures outside the white fortresslike e bassy in downtown Saigon Unlike his predecessor Ellsworth Bunker Mr Martin sees only a restricted circle of hig l-ranking South y etnamese officials he hgs no known contact with opposition figures There are some middle-level members of his staff he has not met One American jokingly calls him God I know he exists but I haven't seen him this embassy aide r emarked A Baptist minister's son born in Mars Hill N C Mr Martin is said to be a strong family man and according to friends a devoted friend He reportedly spends a good deal of time with his UNCLASSIFIED - ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 3 Annex A Saigon A-255 wife Doro thy I in the heavily guarded ambassadorial residence 'One of their four chil r'en an adopted son who was a helicopter pilot was killed in'a crash in South Viet-Naro in 1966 After Mr Martin graduated from Wake Forest College in 1932 and before he joined the Government he was correspondent for several small Southern newspapers in the South and in Washington and he has retained a strong I even passionate interest in the press He has been known to lecture visitors about the damage that irresponsible reporting did to the American effort in Viet-Nam and he is evidently determined not to suffer similar reporting while here a Everyone knows that he l s the boss that he l s in charge II a Foreign Service officer said admiringly contrasting the Martin tenure with the loose almost baronial system over which Ambassador Bunker presided According to associates I both a streak of insomnia and a passion to sift through raw intelligence data keep Mr Martin up at home until 2 in the morning reading almost everything written by his subordinates This emphasis on detail has lifted the spirits of some Foreign Service officers who appreciate the attention but others say there is distinct pressure to cast things in an optimistic light He doesnlt like what he calls internal biased or defeatist reporting II an American explained SO instead of saying that the South Vietnamese Army suffered disastrous defeat we say that it suffered a setback losing 80 men 12 trucks 15 guns But the inform ation ISS till there II A REVERSAL ON RIC E AccOI ing to one account the embassy was rather glowingly reporting on the success of the rice harvest and distribution system in one part of the country until it became evident that a fresh infusion of rice from the United States was needed liThe reporting reversed gear a diplomat said Publicly Mr Martin takes an extr mely rosy view of South Viet-Nam and its future at a time when many well-infonned South UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFmD Page 4 Annex A Saigon A-255 Vietnamese do not To visitors he praises President Thieu lavishly and asserts that his Government is rooting out corruption and that it holds no political prisoners If he were pessimistic there would be nothing to do said an ambassador who generally admires· Mr Martin's approach to his job The American envoy's firm support ha s reportedly delighted Mr Thieu and his closest aides who are said to consider Mr Martin their strongest lobbyist in Washington According to a report from there the Ambassador has been a prime mover in a campaign to obtain $l-billion in sophisticated weapons for the South Vietnamese anned forces to off-set up-todate weaponry reportedly infiltrated by the Communists He's at the end of his career I he didn't really want to come here in the first place II another diplomat has said IIHe wants to retire to his farm in Tuscany He doesn't particularly care what people think of him II A devoted family man and according to friends I a devoted friend Mr Martin is said to spend a good deal of his time with his wife Dorothy in the heavily guarded ambassadorial residence' Their adopted son a helicopter pilot 'was killed in a crash in South Viet-Nam in 1966 As a young man before he joined the government Mr Martin was a correspondent for several small Southern newspapers and he has retain d a strong even passionate interest in the press He has been known to lecture visitors about the damage that irresponsible reporting did to the American effort in Viet-Nam and he is evidently detennined not to suffer similar reporting while here Access to American officials has been sharply restricted since his arrival in mid-July Veteran Viet-Nam correspondents who periodically return to Saigon find that old friends in the mission are nervous about talking with them UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 17 Page 5 Annex A Saigon A-'255 UNCLASSIFIED PASSES ON INTERVIEWS The Ambassador personally passes upon interviews with members of the embassy who hold sensitive posts and has almost completeiy cut off journalists' official acces s to the Defense Attache's Office Officials were recently instructed to talk 'only about their own areas of responsibility --a somewhat vagU€ injunction that has made some career-minded members of the mission even jumpier with the press than they already were Theoretically I if you know about roads and bridges you can't talk about blowing up roads and bridges said a young Foreign Service officer stationed outside Saigon Defenders of Mr Martin's press policy say he is trying to reduce the appearance of American interference in South Viet-Nam fS internal affairs I while critics in the embassy say as one put it that he is hiding a pretty good story that we have to tell Correspondents of The New York Times in Saigon have repeatedly requested interviews with Mr Martin none have been granted Ron J W Fulbright U S Senate Washington D c Saigon Viet-Nam February 5 1974 Dear Mr Chairman I have just received today the text of your letter of January 24 to the Se9retary It is most welcome to me As I never respond to newspaper articles it affords an opportunity which I would not otherwise seek to respond f ly and completely to the concerns you have expressed ' For more than the forty years I have spent in the service of the people of the United States the one asset I have prized most highly is a reputation for complete and total integrity It is a UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCL SSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 t UNC LASS FIED Page 6 Annex A Saigon A-255 deserved reputation for I have flatly refused either to equivocate or evade reporting and saying what I believed to be the exact truth even when to do so was certain to offend those who wished to 'hear only that which supported conclusions they have already reached This is a risky course' and at times a costly course but one from which I determined long ago I would not be diverted no matter what the personal cost might 'be This fact is too widely known to be open to serious que stion and will be completely evident to historians when he archives containing all my reports are finally open for their inspection particularly so for the reports and comments dealing with Southea t Asia r hope therefore that you can accept my categorical assurance that as long as I am charged with this Mission lithe Embassy in Saigon i S not going down the same road again that contributed to official U S misperceptions of Viet-Nam in the past -- the road of thought control censorship of Embassy reporting lack of contact and communication with the pres s II The historical record will completely attest that it was my rather acid criticisms from Bangkok of just these factors of Saigon reporting which got me in serious trouble a decade ago with both the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense I would even agree v i th the last sentence of your first paragraph stating III have learned from experience that when press accounts to this effect appear from normally reliable reporters they usually have some basis in fact In this case I would add the caveat that your adjectives '''normally reliable II could only be accorded the old Seotc h verdict - not proven If • My pol QY concerning press contacts is governed inevitably by my own experience as a working journalist r was regarded 'as a good reporter I often wonder what would have happened had I accepted he invitation to do a column for the Washington Post Perhaps today it might be my byline rather than Scotty Reston's to which you would turn over your morning coffee And I might have be en tempted to observe that I was probably the only living person' who as a working journalist z had covered the last case in which the Senate sat as a Court of Impeachment Perhaps as some of my journalist friends have observed UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 9 UNCLASSIFIED Page 7 Annex A Saigon A-255 I left the profession so y oung that I stiU regarded it as a profession ' ' not a trade I thought then and now that those who were fortunate enough to enjoy the protection of the First Amendment had a corollary professional responsibility to inform the American people of the whole truth as clearly and completely as one might perceive it after persistent digging cross checking and making 'every attempt to insure that all facts were accurate Under no circumstances would one slant a story either to conform to an editor's known prejudices or to push one's own personal point of view Those who did were not regarded as journalists but as propagandists - the word we used was uflacks n • Nevertheless I still maintain a deep and almost passionate conviction that a free press even with its fortunately small most rotten and biased elements is an absolutely indispensable ingredient for the preservation of our freedom Believing this it is of course essential that I would insure we provide for an effective and orderly mechanism to provide as completely and accurately as we possibly can answers to questions presented to this Embas by American news correspondents This is and will continue to be my policy To provide this service I have requested that press inquiries be channeled through the Counselor of Embassy for Press Affairs l a senior experienced and highly capable officer who will either obtain and make available the information if it s readily accessible or arrange for an in erview wtth a senior official responsible for the area with which the question deals The story is quite correct that I have observed that it makes little contribution to accuracy of the information reaching the American people if officers speculated in talks with newsmen on matters about which they were not informed In such cases it would be better if the reporter talked with the real expert in the field covered by his question It's just as well perhaps that the reporter was not told the rest of that observation I recalled that I had not been convinced that numerous interviews with mess sergeants on the high strategy of the waf during our extensive and unnecessary military involvement had made a great contribution to public enlightenment Of course neither had the interviews with the Generals Nevertheless l I thought that perhaps our experts could do better I still think this to be sound advice UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 Page 8 Annex A Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED Most of the press have found these arran gements quite Some have not For example dUI ng the 1972 offensive by the North Vietnamese forces when American forces were still present and American airpower was actively engaged my predecessor authorized CIA officials to routinely and regularly brief the press in order to give the American people a full and accurate picture of the fighting satisf ctory I found this still continuing when I arrived I ordered it stopped We are now engaged in no way' in the fighting which is going on as a result of the North Vietnamese decision to raise the intensity of the violence of their attacks in violation of the Paris Agreements Therefore I thought it highly improper that we should appear to he speaking in any way for either side a that the CIA should be briefing the press in any event Similarly with the Defense Attache office • Its role is wholly concerned with logistics It is precluded from any advisory role in the fighting that is taking place Its personnel are logistically trained not as combat personnel Therefore to permit continuation of briefings or comments on the course of the fighting would not only give a completely false indication of our involvement in the fighting but would quite probably be beyond their professional competence I suggested this also 'cease To those reporters including those of the New York Times who now had to work a bit harder to get their inform ation from those actually involved in the fighting this naturally becomes the 'establishment of a severely restrictive public information policy I do not so regard it nor do I believe you would wish me to revert to the previou proc edure My practIce in regard to requests for interviews is to grant them whenever possible I have probably spent more hours with journalists than has been justified but r do feel the compulsion ·r mentioned earlier to-contribute as I can to the proper exercise of a free press I obviously cannot grant all requests I feel no compulsion at all to grant interviews to reporters from papers whose emotional 'involvement in a North Vietnamese victory is UNCLASSIFIED _ _ _ •••••• _ •••••••• - o _ _ _ _ _ __ ••••• __ _ - ••• _ •••• __ _ _ _ _ _ • • __ • ' _ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 - Page 9 Annex A' Saigon A-255 UNCLAS IFIED transparently clear and whose reporting features and editorials combine to present gro ss and blatan t distortions to the public • To do so would permit my own reputation for integrity to be used as a platform to deceive the Americar people and this I sImply will not do no matter what the personal cost The last line of the story was one of the few that was wholly accurate It states Correspondents of the New York Times in·Saigon·have repeatedly requested intervie s with Mr Martin none have been granted Another phrase could have been added and it is highly unlikely that any will be in the future 11 That too would have been accurate Your last question inquired Il what guarantees there are that Embassy reporting will be objective and that a full spectrum of views can be expressed to the Department 11 • The answer is of course none except my own integrity And that on the basis of a forty year record is a complete guarantee Even Mr David Halberstam to whose book The Best and the Brightest you referred at the time Messrs qodley Sullivan and I appeared before you for confirm ation bear s indirect te stimony to that fact I am not even mentioned in the book I am told that when asked how I possibly could be omitted he replied that the thrust of the book was to demonstrate that when the military machine started rolling no one could stand in its way Since I had fought bitterly and successfully to keep the Americarntotally out of any direct involvement in the Thai insurgency I it would have disproved his thesis to have mentioned me If you wui refer to another book Gharles Bohlen f s Witne ss to History you will find r'ecorded the pre cepts for the kind of reporting this Embas'sy will do 'Pacts carefully researched thoroughly documented reported'without adjectives mplying a judgment 1ly history can give Even the story says But the mfonnation is still there Since I have been here no report has been either stopped or l lanted The officers are beginning to take pride in the fact that-· our objective is to ensure the most candid objective wholly dispasslonatereporting to the Department that has ever come out of this Embassy and reporting which will fully live up to the Bohlen tradition We will report Viet-Nam UNCL A SSIFIED ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNC LASSIFIED Page 10 Annex A Saigon A-255 ' as it really is successes failures beauty spots a'nd warts And we will not permit ourselves to_be swayed from pursuing this goal by anything a nce great newspaper may print I am afraid the other sources qu ted in the la st paragraph of your l tter are no more accurate than Mr Markham I s story Althougn the Repuolic of Viet-Nam understandably has grown sensitive over the consistent distortions some elements of the media have promulgated this Embassy has consistently intervened in their behalf although we do not always tell them the full extent of that intervention The most recent case is the author of the article to which you have referred In complete disregard 0 f the regulations well known to all -correspondents I Mr Markham visited certain PRG controlled areas without obtaining prior permission as reqoired which would have been routinely forthcoming He compounded this offense by taking along as interpreter a non-journalist peace activist well known as an apologist for Hanoi even including their incredible record of American MIAs The Embassy intervened to secure his release and the return of his notes In fact my' own personal intervention probably exceeded the limits of intervention into the internal affairs of another country you indicated were proper at my confirmation hearing Nevertheless noting with great sadness that the New York Times has recently purchased the newspaper for which I first wrote I I took the risk in the forlorn hope that the New York Times may yet return to the standards of objectivity and accuracy that once made it a truly great institution I apologize for the length of this letter but I wanted to be certain that as always I responded fully to any request that might come from you or the Committee Sincerely Graham Martin The Chairman Several members of the committee at that time had requested that when the Ambassador was back in Washington it would be useful to have him before the committee to give us some report upon the situation in Viet-Nam and what he thought about it That is the reason we are having him today UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 Page 11 Annex A UNCLASSIFIED Saigon A-255 We are very pleased to have you Ambassador Martin I believe you have a statement UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 @ ' Annex B Saigon IRELEASE IN FULL UNC LASSIFIED A-255 SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE STAFF REPORT ON'REPORTING' ' QUESTION OF· ACCURACY OF SAIGON EMBASSY'S REPORTING The Chairman One last area here with regard to the material which I inserted and about which I wrote the S cretary I is the question of reporting from the Saigon Embas sy There seems still to be some question about the accuracy of the reporting We have a recent report from our staff which I quote A review of the material used by the Embassy to prepare these' reports indicates that the thrust of information submitted from the field to Saigon is sometimes altered and that on occasion significant information is withheld altogether One consistent pattern which emerges from a study of these reports is the Embassy's tendency to play down or to ignore obvious cease-fire violations by the South Vietnamese Armed Forces This spring for example one consulate general reported to Saigon the conclusion of a large Government operation designed to clear out a Communist base area and noted that hundreds of homes and bunkers had been destroyed In summarizing this infcrmation in its weekly report to Washington the Embas sy made no mention of the Government operation but noted instead an overall decline in military activity despite significant Communist attacks II Do you wish to comment on that Mr Martin Yes sir I think £ we had been consulted on that we could have immediately put the incident in its true perspective I don't know what the inCident is -- but many times in order to avoid the sort 6f ceaseless flood of paper we have not reported through State channels what has already been reported either through Defense channels or through the CIA channel s • Now I I have just been made aware of the implications in this staff report It surprises me because basically I do not believe there is the slightest foundation to it UNCLASSIFIED • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 • 'f ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED ' Page 2 Annex B Saigon A-2SS Now I have consulted with my colleagues here in Washington woo are responsible for Vietnamese affairs and I have been assured that they have been completely satisfied that in the totality' of the reporting that comes _froz n all sources in Saigon l ere have been· no significant olJl iss ons of any kind Now as I wrote you Mr Chairman that as been my intention my conviction and is one on which I have worked as hard as I could I mean to get it totally understood that what we are trying to do now in Viet-Nam to see that we report to Washington the total facts as they are the whole truth We have had some difficulties in the beginning in getting some of our younger officers to separate fact from rumors from opinion They can report it all but I insist rumor or opinion it be identified as such I think we are entitled at this time when decisions are being made I which are of consiqerable importance and involve considerable sum s of money that there be no imprecision in the reporting from Viet-Nam That has been my goal It will continue to be my goal is The Chairman It is a very worthy goal but the representatives of this committee both of whom I believe had experience in f reign service are very experienced observers seem to have a very dif- ferent report The report will as a whole be published it is already available to the committee I will read one more paragraph and I will yield to my colleague s • It says Some U S officials with whom this reportiI J g II - - this is the practice to which I have already referred -- was discussed point out that the question of who initiates a given military action is not of itself a significant matter given the fact that both sides constantly viol'ate the agreement That is the Paris peace agreement • These same officials did however express concern that those who rely on fhe Embassy's reporting could be misinformed Other U S officIals discount the importance of this practice l noting that the Embassy' s bias·e s are well known and supplemental sources of information are available The Embassy is also known to make substantial deletions in reports from its consulates general before relaying the_ to V ashington Earlier this year one of these posts reported to Saigon a serious deterioration in security within its military region TIre message in UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 3 Annex B Saigon A-255 question included five specific references to declining security conditions or poor performances on the part of Government forces In this instance the t x t·of the cons l1ate general's report was relayed to Washington but only after the passages in question had been deleted thereby eliminating significant aspects of the field assessment Readers in Washington had no way of knowing that the message had been altered II Then the more important deletions are referred to Mr Martin I would say again I am sorry to have to completely disagree Mr Chairman -ACCURACY OF REPORTING BY SAIGON EMBASSY The Chairman This report compared to the report of the press to which you have taken serious objections does raise a very serious question about the accuracy of our information I would ask that the staff report be printed in the record after it has been through the executive branch clearance process See appendix Mr Martin I of course have not seen it and it is difficult for me to comment on it without seeing it and if it would be agreeable to you Mr Chairman I think in fairness it would be perhaps a contribution in determining the accuracy of the situation as it really exists to permit me after I have seen the totality of this particular section to insert my own comments immediately following The Chairma Certainly The information referred to follows E ccerPts from pages 13-17 of Committee Staff Report Over the years the American Embassy in Saigon has acquired a reputation among both official and unofficial observers for close identification with the policies of the South Vietnamese government and for select ve reporting These same tendencies are apparent 1oday UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 7 UNO LASSIFIED Page 4 Annex B Saigon A-255 Each week the four consulates general in South Viet-Nam send the Embassy a round-up of events relating ·to the military situation and tl$ mplementation of the Paris Agreement The Embassy submits a sUmniary of this information I together with comments on developments in Saigon in the form of a weekly telegraphic report to Washington A review of the material used by the Embassy to prepare these reports in dicates that the thrust of information sub · mitted from the field to Saigon is sometimes altered and that on occasion significant information is withheld altogether One consistent pattern which emerges from a study of the se reports is the Embassy's tendency to play down or to ignore obvious cease-fire violations by the South Vietnamese armed forces This spring for example one consulate general reported to Saigon the conclusion of·a large government operation designe to clear out a Oom munist base area and noted that hundreds of homes and bunkers had been destroyed In summarizing this inform ation in its weekly report to Washington the Embassy made no mention of the government operation but noted instead an overall decline in military activity despite significant Communist attacks We encountered many other instances in Which South Vietnamese offensive initiatives were not reported to Washington The following are examples of items contained in field summaries but which were omitted from the Embassy's weekly round-up Most contacts in locations deleted were the result of RVNAF South Vietnamese initiatives Most of the incidents occurring in ••• and ••• 0 might be attributed to elimination ·by ••• South Vietnamese divisions of enemy minibases •• in accordance with the MR commander's instructions There was an increase in military·activity in • •• province as a result_of g oyerrunent operations Communist initiated incidents were at the lowest level for a year Some U S officials with whom this reporting was discussed point out that the question of who initiates a given mllitcr yaction is not of itself a significant matter given the fact that both sides UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 - 'UNC LASSIFIED Page 5 Annex B Saigon A-255 constantly violate the Agreement These same officials did however I expres s concern that those who rely on tr e Embas syl S reporting could be misinformed Other U S officials discount the importance of this practice noting that the Embassy' s bias s are well known and that supplemental sources of information are available The Embassy is also known to make substantial deletions in reports from its consulates general before relaying them to Washington Earlier this year one of these posts reported to Saigon a serious deterioration in security within its military region The message'in question included five specific references to declining security conditions or poor performances on the part of government forces In this instance I the text of the consulate general's report was relayed to Washington but only after the passages in question had been deleted Readers in Washington had no way of knowing that the message had been altered The more important deletions were as follows This latest round of VC NVA attacks further eroded security in some provinces where deterioration which began in December must now be viewed as serious Overall security in •••• has fallen sharply since December I a condition which province officers say they are powerless to remedy with existing forces Last week the province chief learned that an accommoda tion had been reached between the •••• RF company in ••••• and VO in the area by which RF soldiers were allowed to travel unarmed by sampan from their outpost unhindered The province chief immediately ordered the company out on operations • • ••• province like province has' seen security decline markedly in 1974 Although Embassy reporting normally downplays government initiatives it sometimes highlights succes siul operations In February 1974 as noted in an earlier_§ection two South Vietnamese regiments attacked a long time Communist base area at Tri Phap in the delta Embassy summaries at the time referred to the operation as follows liThe succe'ssful six weeks GVN South Vietnamese UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 4 Page 6 Annex B UNCLASSIFIED I Saigon A-255 government operation against Tri Phap continues In early April the Embassy reported that the' government had concluded the pacification phase of its military efforts and began to consolidate its control through outposts and construction and preparation 'for permanent re ettlement In the first of the se summaries the Embassy made critical mention of the ICCS' s failure lito conduct a fo rmal investigation irito the Cai Lay school atrocity II A similar comment was lacking in the Embassy's treatment of the Tri Phap operation Both the reported government attack on Tri Phap and the apparent Communist mortar attack on Cai Lay were of course violations of the ceasefire In this connection we noted that briefing officers on the Defense Attache staff as well as Embassy officers generally employ terms such as consolidation or pacification ll activities and security operations when referring to what are in reality offensive actions by the South Vietnamese army North Vietnamese and Provisional Revolutionary Government statements refer to such activities by the government as land grabbing The Embassy both in briefings provided to us and in its reporting to Washington closely followed the public line of the South Vietnamese government in justifying the South Vietnamese measures which precipitated the temporary breakdown in May 1974 of the talks in Paris and Saigon between the South Vietname se and the Provisional Revolutionary Government The ostensible cause of this brea was what President Thieu's spokesmen widely publicized on April 12 as a IImassive North Vietnamese ground attack supported·by tanks which allegedly overran ll the long beseiged border outpost of Tong Le Chan and presumably resUlted in the loss of its entire garrison In the following days according to the Department of State the South Vietnamese reacted politically by suspending their participation in the bilateral talks with the Provisional Revolutionary Government at La Celle St Cloud in Paris and further isolating the Communist military 'delegates at Tan Son Nhut in Saigon by cutting their telephone lines suspending UNCLASSIFIED - - - -- '-- --- - -- _ '----'-'-'- _ --_ _ ---'-- - -- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-q7743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 7 Annex B Saigon A-255 weekly liaison flights to the Provisional Revolutionary Government headquarters and cancelling the weekly Saigon press conferences of the Provisional Revolutionary Government representatives In response the Communists su pended participation in the Two Party military team meetings and the missing ·in action talks Four Party Joint Military Team in Saigon and announced the Itsine die suspension of the Paris sessions Within a few days following the fall at Tong Le Chan it became widely known in Saigon that the outpost had not l in fact been overrun by t'anks and infantry but rather had been abandoned by the South Vietnamese in the face of increasing Communist pressure According to reliable American and foreign obserVers the commander of the outpost informed Saigon in early April that his position had become untenable The government was then faced with a decision of whether to sacrifice the garrison in a last ditch defense or to attempt to extricate its personnel Not wanting to undermine the morale of'other isolated bases or to appear to be surrendering I Saigon apparently decided to exploit the situation for propaganda purposes On the night of April II the government defenders withdrew from the outpost laking 65 wounded with them and made their way to safety without any losses U S military officials now concede that what the government first portrayed as a heroic last stand Ita little Dien Bien Phu and what later appeared to have been a skillfully executed strategic withdrawal was in fact facilitated by the North Vietnamese who surrounded ll the outpost -- on three sides -- and allowed the defenders to leave unmolested Although the Embassy must have had access to these facts it reported to Washington April 16 what it described as the Communi'sts' transparent attempt to distract attention from their overrunning of Tong 1e Chan II noting that Communist media had •• admitted laying seige to the base ••• but denied involvement by North Vietnamese ground' forces asserting instead that the defenders fled their base For at least two weeks thereafter the Embassy even in its telegrams to Washington supported the government's exploitation of the Tong Le Chan incident On April 24 the Embassy noted that the •••• bombardment and fall of Tong Le Chan have caused the South Viemamese government to be less generous in its application of the eleven point privileges UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artmeht of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 'J I UNC LASSIFIED Page 8 Annex B Saig on A-255 and immunities accorded to the Communist delegations and to take a less permissive approach to 'PRG' behavior • Many foreign observers in Saigon including members 'of the diplomatic corps believe that the extensive publicity which the Saigon government was giving t the Tong Le Chan incident and other military actions in April and May I such as the maneuvering around Ben Cat was part of a deliberate effort by the Saigon government assisted by the U S Embassy to impress the U S 'Congress of the necessity to authorize additional military assistance for South Viet-Nam Some American officials I however expressed concern at the impact of this public relations campaign on the prospects for future negotiation among the Vietnamese parties One senior U S official with whoin we discussed this problem acknowleged that the South Vietnamese government had made a determined effort to position itself as the victim of North Vietnamese violations I and conceded that they might have overreached themselves II Other Americans noted that the Embassy must bear a significant measure of responsibility for having encouraged them to do so Even those officials who are 'critical of the Embassy' 5 reporting note that it contains one significant new element In the past the Embassyl s institutional memory has consisted of the personal expertise of a few individuals During the past year the Embassy has devoted considerable attention to the study of leadership and the interlocking political social and financial patterns of Viet ' ' namese SOCiety In contrast with past practice the Embassy's reporting on these subjects is now said to be perceptive frank and of significant potential value- to policy makers • SUBSEQUENT COMMENT BY AMBASSADOR WtRTIN ON FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE STAFF REPORT I have now had the· opportunity to review pages 13-17 of the Staff Report dated August 5 1974 I am compelled to reiterate the regret I expressed to the Committee on July 25 that the author of this section of the report did not utilize the opportunity to discus s its substance with me during his visit to Saigon Had this happened perhaps the Committee would have had a more accurate a'ssessment of the accuracy of the reporting of the U S Diplomatic Mission in UNCLASSIFIED -- -- - --- - --- --- -- - - - --- - - ---- - - ------- - - - - _ _ • - -- -- _ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 Page 9 Anne UNC LASSIFIED B· Saigon A-255' Saigon As it is written the part of the report is just plain wrong in most of 1 s speci cs and totally wr ng in its implications No attempt has been made and none will be to have Embassy or State Department reporting duplicate reporting by other elements of the U S Diplomatic Mission It is true that quite often sections of reports from t1 e Consulate ·Generals will be eliminated fr9m routine weekly reports because the substance had already been reported to Washington by other elements of the U S Diplomatic Mission The llustrations given on pages 14 and 15 come within this framework The IITong Le Chan II incident cited on page 14 is of a different character What is not cited is that the Government of Viet-Nam did not actually know the post had been evacuated on decision of its Commander against specifiC orders not to do so When all contact was lost the GVN iogically assumed that it had been overrun The report says that IIAlthough the Embassy must have had access to these facts •••• II the truth is that not until the remnants of the garrison showed up some days later did the GVN know precisely what had happened Washington was completely and currently informed of all information as soon as it was known in Saigon The conclusion attributed to U S military officials in t e last sentence of the first paragraph on page 16 that the II skillfully executed strategic withdrawal was in fact facilitated by the North Vietnamese is not supported by any competent U S military official known to me Similarly the report notes that liOn April 24 the Embassy noted that the •••• bombardment and fall of Tong Le Chan have caused the South Viethamese government to be less generous in its application of the eleven point privileges and immunities accorded to the Communist delegations and to take a less permissive approach to 'PRG' behavior II This is of course a true statement Over 900 ·mortar rounds fell on Tong Le Chan within one hour just before aIr contact was lost The post dia IIfall and it is also of course true that the fact that the fall of this outpost which had always been under GVN control did cause the UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Ooe No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No -201 -07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 3 Page 10 Annex B Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED GVN to be less generous in its applil atlon of the eleven point privileges and immunities ••• All of this information would have been available to the staff member had he bothered to inquire about it rather than depend on a combination of a partial examina tion of Embassy files which re made freely available to him and obviously' unin onned cOlT Qlent and explanation by unnamed sources Similarly I only the penultimate sentence of the third paragraph of page 16 ha s even any partial validity In the'maneu- vering around Ben Cat betwe n 16 May and June 30 more than 3 990 casualties were incurred by both sides according to DOD It is hardly credible to any objective observer that either side would have incurred such costs to impress the U S Congress II' With respect to footnote 1 on page 16 the use of quotation marks in'reference to the PRG Provisional Revolutionary Government I or a qualifying term such as so-called PRG is necessary and appropriate in diplomatic parlance SlIlCe the United States Government neither recognizes this organization as a government nor considers it a legitimate representative of the South Vietnamese people It is quite true that the reporting of the U S Mission in Saigon now has a bias It is to see that the U S Government the American people and the American Congress receive the whole truth about current realities in Viet-Name As long as it remains in my charge that is 'the only bias that w ll qe followed • Mr Martin I would repeat what I have sa d before I think in these instances if they had bee n called to my'attention at the time of the staff visit to Saigon rather than uncritically-accepting comments of unnamed people who are quoted as saying whatever it is we would find that the information which was taken out of one report had already b en reported in another Now I understand you have also made some points in this committee and I think this committee has endorsed them on the role of an ambassador I have myself very definite feelings about this which I understand are in line with those of the committee UNCLASSIFIED ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 Jy Page 1 Annex B Saigon A-225 UNCLASSIFIED I do not run the U S Embassy alone I am responsible for the totality of the U S activities there No when it is said that the Embassy's reporting which I think a s mentioned here is shorthand for State Department reporting is supplemented by other sources I regard it all as my reporting Other sources I assume means other agencies ·- I also assume other agencies are present in Viet-Nam because it involves the foreign policy of the United States otherw se ·thejT would not be there Since this is the case I assume the responsibility for their actions and their reporting If the reports come in then through other channels and are made available to the senior officials here in Washington who are responsible for the area I am not necessarily all that interested in seeing that they are duplicated in State Department channels UNCLASSIFIED 4 · - _ _ _ _ - ___ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 ®4b Annex C Saigon' RELEASE IN PART 861 A-255 UNCLASSIFIED Date December 2 1974 MEMORANDUM TO The Ambassador FROM POL INT SUBJECT Answer to Dissent Message of Lacy A Wright I B6 L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- ' This report is in response to your request to me November 27 to prepare suggestions for a reply to I Isecond dissent message State 260507 I would propose that the Embassy ·answer I Ispecific allegations in the following manner B6 B6 A Icharges the Embassy with consistently and intentionally distorting its reporting Belgrade 5659 As evidence for that sweeping statement he offers two examples Belgrade A-442 Neither holds water Here the Embassy should refute the two allegations in detail B6 B Itakes issue with the Department's reply State 225131 to his original dissent message Belgrade A-442 by proclaiming his lack of confidence that reporting gaps noted in A-442 were adequately covered through other reporting channels In support he says that of those channels cited in the Department's 'reply the only ones completely unavailable tq me were domestic pres s reports and debriefings of visitors to the Departme·nt II Note Channels cited by the Department were State CIA USIA DOD and AID Anyone familiar wjth the operations of an Embassy knows that s Simply wrong here Some Embassy messages are known only to the Ambassador others are restricted ·to the front office or are limited to various other people or offices In Consulates General officers do not even see all messages leaving their own post let alone all those sent from the Em assy B6 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 B6 UNCLASS FIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 Page 2 Annex C UNCLASSIFIED c Saigon A-255 Itakes issue With Ambassador Martin's statement that younger officers • ••• are entitled to report it lill provided it accurately labeled He says that this was not mission policy as understood in the Consulates General in which I worked Nor was it to the best of my knowledge and belief the effective policy 1 n the Embassy itself I Igoes on to say liThe atmosphere in the Consulates General in which I worked was such that dis senting officers considering potential career damage and even working relationships with their superiors were under strong pressure to do nothing There was in addition a strong fear of being caught in an erroneous position through postulated information to which only higher levels of the Embassy had access 86 There is no attempt onl Ipart to substantiate these charges • He cites not one case of an officer's attempting to present an unpopular view and suffering for it He did not do so himself while he was here The same dissent channel that is open to him in Belgrade was open to him -- and others -- here in Saigon The contention that officers in Viet- Na m did not use this channel because they feared for their careers I if true · speaks poorly for the officers involved The dissent channel at Embassy 'Saigon was open then -and is open now -- for those who wish to employ it 86 As note d abo ye t I lmaintainS that there was •••• a strong ear of being caught in an erroneous position through postulated information' to which only higher levels of the Embassy had access To say this is simply to acknowledge that an Embassy is hierarchical'in structure if every officer felt himself entitlect to make the' Judgments now reserved to the Ambasspdor and top mission officers the result would be rep9rting chaos as well as a gross infringement on the right of the Ambassador to run his Embassy The fear of whiChl fpeaks is one which ought 86 is UNCLl SSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 7 UNCLASSIFIED 'Page 3 Annex C Saigon A-255 to grip any officer who contemplates making judgments on matters the scope of which he cannot possibly have the information to comprehend LI D' I contends that lithe fact of this distortion which he has faUed to prove is damaging to the morale and to the integrity of the Foreign Service II Only individual officers can say how their morale is faring I Iis apparently faring poorly If others who have served at Embassy Saigon agree they should speak up UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980147 Date 09 12 2017 @'-ffDl» Ji Annex D Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED MEMORANDUM Date December 6 1974 IRELEASE IN PART 861 TO The Ambassador PROM M SUBJECT l issent Message ofLI_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _--l J Spear Consul General Nha'lI'ang 1 While I believe the Embassy in Saigon will respond to I Idissent I would like to enter my own demurrer with regard to his objections to the reporting from this Post 86 2 1 86 Ifeels that failure' to clearly label GVN military initiatives as violations of' the cease-fire amounts to a consistent distortion of reporting serious enough to call into question the Department's ability to reach policy decisions based on this reporting He cites two instances of this from the Cease-Fire Weekly reports from Nha Trang I 86 3 I have reviewed the Cease-Fire Weekly reports drafted by land I note that during the period they cover I the GVN outposts at Dak Pek in Kontum and Tieu Atar in Darlac were assaulted and captured by communist forces and a major thrust was carried out by elements of the 3rd NVA DiviS on in 8inh Dinh against GVN positions including the Phu Cat airbase None of these were characterized in I reporting as communist violations of the cease-fire Mr Cook who wa s Acting Consul General at the time advises me that the qu stiO n of so characterizing them was never raised byl I This together with his recommendation that a panel shoUld be constituted to investigate reporting ' II •• possible South Vietnamese cease-fire violations instances of corruption and any other occurrences which might be seen as reflecting adversely on the South Vietnamese effort n suggest to my mind thatl Imay have a few biases of his ' own which he believes should be reflected in official reporting I do not see how this would differ from the IIconsistent distortion of reporting II of which he complains UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc Nc C17980147 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980147 Date 09 12 2017 J - UNC LASSIFIED Page 2 Annex D Saigon A-255 4 At this Post we have simply reported the facts as best we could gather them and this is difficult enough at best and have been content to let them speak for themselves without trying to characterize them unless this is clearly labelled as Comment We believe the Department is quite capable of drawing its own conclusions 5 • Turning to specifics I Icomplains that it was necessary to repeat as an intenSified action in the Eo Gio area of Kontum vh at was an actual division-sized GVN attack on NVA lines northeast of Kontum city r note that the following week he reported this as a push toward Vo Dinh by the 41 st and 44th Regiments I believe the Viet- Nam experts in the Departments of State and Defense are capable of recognizing a push by two regiments as a division-sized attack without the be efit ofl lorder of Battle analysis I cannot see that there wa s any cover-up in this reporting 6 I ke ls he should have described a GVN operation as a deep penetration into communist base areas presumably because this constituted a GVN cease-fire violation He then goes on to note that these were base areas from which VC NVA units had been launching raids but without any suggestion th8 t these raids constituted cease-fire violations by the communists - prior ones to which the GVN'was responding 7 The Moose-Meissner report which I ICites with approval notes that lack of respect for the Paris Agreements is so widespread that it is impossible to apportion responsibility for the continued fighting Even in the case of isolated incidents initial resp onsibility is invariably lost in cycles of action and reaction With this I would agree and that's why we try to avoid value judgments and let the fa-c'ts 'speak for themselves UNCLASSIFIED _ _ _ • __ A •• • •• _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980147 Date 09 12 2017 B6 B6 B6 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Annex E Saigon A-2S5 IRELEASE IN FULL UNC LASSIFIED REFLECTIONS ON DISSENT Address by The Honorable Graham Martin Special As sistant to the Secretary of State at the Fall Convocation of Wake Forest University Winston-Salem N • G Thursday September 18 1969 11 00 a m I have just returned from Istanbul where I represented the United States Government at the XXI World Conference of the Red Cross Our headlines are usually devoted to violence and tension This Conference attended by the representatives of the National Red Gross and Red Cresent Societies of 96 nations and by government delegations representing 84 countries bears eloquent testimony that there is still overwhelming concern in the great humanitarian objectives which constituted the agenda for this conference • On the way I again visited Geneva It is fascinating to renew contacts with old friends to discuss what is happening in the world and to spe'culate on how future events may unfold Most useful is the deeper perspect ve one gains from the opportunity to learn how this great nation really looks to experienced dispassionate and percept ve observers of other nations • In talk 1-g· one old friend i one of Europe I s most distinguished scholars I-told him that 1 had been asked to deliver an address at the Fall Convocation at myoId school I said tha t I regarded the award of the- degree of Doctor of Laws froni-Wake Forest University as one of the highest honors'1 had ever received in a career that had given me more honors than I could pOSsibly deserve I hoped therefore I would have something useful to say to' ' My friend was silent for a moment He then said that he was very glad that I so regarded it He believed he said along with his British colleague I C P Snow that the church-related liberal UNC LASSIFIED --- '- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLAS IFIE£ u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 2 Annex E Saigon A-2S5 arts institutions in the United States were rapidly becoming one of the last bastions for the preservation of that particular sense of responsibility imparted through an acquaintance with and respect for the humanities If these basic values ace not preserved he thought it is not likely that our civilization can make the necessary adaptations that will insure its continued dedication to the prinCiple of individual human dignity • There are many things it would be useful to say he went on I You could comment on the failure of the communications media to adequately inform our peoples The virtual revolution in communications technology has so deluged us with unrelated facts that we are in great danger of losing the perspective that is essential to survival in a nuclear world I said that I agreed with him but that I had already alluded to this dangerous drift in some comments I had made before the Overseas Press Club in New York in 1966 He asked what I had chosen as a theme I replied that I wanted to offer a few reflections on dissent He looked out over 'the terrace and pointed across the lake to the old city of Geneva It is good that you stopped by here he said you can start by thinking again of our Jean Jacques Rousseau and the influence of his writings on your Thomas Jefferson This ancient Republic and Canton of 'Geneva has had an historic connection with the quality of dissent in America he went on and we as in fact does the entire world are watching with fascination how you are handling it now because on your success may very well depend our survival So I am gOing to speak about dissent Our system cannot really endure without it Yet unbridled it can destroy a1 1 that we cherish ' If stud- -nts are going to have any influence on the larger establishment they will soon join dissent from conventional wisdom which has lost its relevance simply must become part of their baggage ' Some of us can testify' from' experience that it will never be a non-hazardous undertaking Some of us can also say that if dissent is to be effective that dissent must be not only vigorous but also informed and intelligent UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 3 Annex E Saigon A-255 Few would contend that dissent on the American scene today is marked by a lack of vigor Fewer still I think would contend that on the whole it is an informed dissent orr very often that it is an intelligent dissent Nevertheless the unparalleled revolution in communications technology now guarantees that certain aspects of current American dissent particularly those involving dramatic instances of violence are immediately known throughout the world Herein I suggest lies a very great danger which must give us most serious concern Many observers of our free and open society have been confused by the toleration toward violent expression of dissent that has been a consistent part of the American tradition The man I consider the most distinguished living alumnus of Wake Forest graphically described this phenomonon in a terse tightly reasoned essay entitled The Inscrutability of the Yankee • The universality and pervasiveness of the influence of the values absorbed by those exposed to the great Wake Forest faculties is once again illustrated by the fact that I first encountered this essay in Cairo in 1943 where it had been reprinted in an English language literary journal Gerald W Johnson as only he could with his uniquely ma ter- ful command of the art of lucid and cogent exposition made an arresting and compelling point 'It was that while we ascribe to the Orient a certain talent for obscuring real meaning by an impassivity of countenance and circumlocution of expression it is really we Americans who often totally confuse the rest of the world Gerald Johnson was calling attention to such events of the thirties as the Johnson Act the Neutrality Act and extension of the draft in the House of Representatives by a one-vote margin and Roosevelt's 1940 campaign speech in Boston with the assurance given Again Again and Again II that c mr sons would not be invol - ed in a foreign war These instances Johnson pOinted out and others like them could be and were interpreted by Hitler' 5 analysts of the American scene as clear evidence that they could pursue their c mbitions UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 4 Annex E Saigon A-255 without effective American opposition Yet as Gerald Johnson correctly concluded underneath the surface indices provided by these individual instances l there was clearly emerging 6 apparent to all truly perceptive observers a consensus that would rapidly insure the full employment of American resources against the aggressors of that historical time-frame The intervening quarter-century has revalidated time and again the perceptive observations of Gerald Johnson on liThe Inscrutability of the Yankee In my own mind there is no doUbt that the Korean War and the Cuban Missile Crisis had their origins in the same basic misreading of the American scene The latter event brought us to the edge of the abyss of nuclear confrontation Therefore it seems to me that elementary prudence indicates now and in the foreseeable future a compelling necessity to take into account the effects our dissent may have abroad • Another such serious miscalculation in an age of growing nuclear stockpiles may involve quite literall'y the contmued existence of mankind If as I have already observed our system cannot really endure without dissent we must consider the nature of the duty to dissent and try to locate the appropriate limits on the right to dissent Another of the truly grea American journalists J R Wiggins has put it very well IILet us begin with the duty to dissent from the policy of government when that policy seems to the individual citizen to constitute a departure from national intere st or ·moral rectitude That there is such a duty t seems to me is the very essence of self-government the very vital spark of a democratiC system A people devoid of this impuse would induce such passivity into an electorate as to make the form of government a matter of indifference And a people with this impulse will 'invest even the most unsatisfactory system of government with the vigor and force that may make it adequate to deal with socieW's problems - -Wiggins went on to point out that When we quarrel with today's dissenters we y 1 e dif f$ring with tomorrow's conformists · Some principles are changele ss and immutable but most poliCies - UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 5 Annex E Saigon A-255 are transient and perishable Not only the change from generation to generation but the change from day to day must concern us when we deal with contemporary dissent he added calling attention to the plaint of Thomas Decker in 1603 Upon Thursday it was treason to cry God save King James of England and upon Friday I high treason not to cry so II Americans then II Mr Wiggins said are inclined to tenderness toward dissent by the instruction of their own history I by the exhortation of their philosophers by the knowledge that truth is changing and by the counsels of their heart--which incline them if the truth be told toward the disrespect of authority and the admiration of nonconformity I ' But he went on quickly to add that this inherited characteristic was balanced by another in the American makeup deriving from their re_spect fora-der their belief in representative government their confidence in the wisdom of the majority and their belief in the integrity of their own government II My friend in Geneva had referred to the intellectual debt we owed to Jean Jacques Rousseau the violent anti-monarchist who helped set Europe aflame with revolution and who had a profound influence on Jefferson But revolution was not all tie t we absorbed from Rousseau As Wiggins reminds us in his elaboration the theory of the Social Contract I Rousseau called it an agreement of individuals to subordinate their judgment rights and powers to the needs and judgment of their community as a whole He sawall citizens as entering implicitly into this contract to conform to the general will -a combination to the will of the majority the lessons of the past and the fate of the future' And he thought that if as often happens · an individual do s not agree with t at will as expressed in law the state may justly f01' e him to submit This was not viewed as a violation of freedom but as a preservation of it even for the refractory individual for in a civil state it is only through law that the individual can enjoy freedom from assault robbery persecution calumny and a hundred ' other ills He thought this especially true in Republics for obedience to a law which we prescribe to ourselves is liberty 1 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED ' Page 6 Annex E Saigon A-Z5 5 Francis Bacon in his essay Of Seditions and Troubles wisely urged rulers to make every effort to asceitain the causes of discontent and to remove them If this failed he advocated facing the discontented with overwhelming military force During Shay's rebellion Washington gave almost exactly the same advice when he wrote to Henry Lee on October 31 1786 Know precisely what the insurgents aim at If they have real grievances redress them if possible or acknowledge the justice of them and your inability to do it in the present moment If they have not employ the force of the government against them at once •• Let the reins of government then be braced and held with a steady hand and every violation of the Constitution reprehended I have cited these brief references to emphasiz that while the essentiality of dissent is as important today as it has always been in our system our history illustrates that deep in our national fabric are precedents for not permitting dissent to degenerate into anarchy Our tradition insures that Of the two alternatives set out by Bacon and Washington the former is not only more preferable but is also usually perfectly feasible given the enormous resources and the demonstrated ingenuity this country has available We should therefore confidently persevere in making rapid progress in diminishing the legitimate discontents But for those' who are not really interested in the 'rights and responsibilities of dissent within the framework of a democratic society for those who are interested in the overturn of that society for those who dissent from the system of government and not just the policy of government our tradition insUfesa Simple answer It is that a government and a SOCiety if it intends to surVive has no recourse against them but the second alternative set out by Bacon and Washington For those included in this particular special group we need not overly cot'lcern ourselves with ttyi1'la to agCQrtain the appropriate limits on their rights and duties since they admit of no responsibility and demand unlimited right including the right to use force and violence Even Dr William Sloane Coffin has said that You cannot ask the governme nt to respect your right to be a revolutionary II • UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED· U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc NO C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 7 Annex E Saigon A-255 I have said that to be constructive and effective dissent must be informed# intelligent and intellectually honest But before turning to this type of dissent may I venture a few comments on some identifiable types of dissent that I find to be distasteful The first we might term The Chronic Dissenter We are all familiar with this type the perennial nay-sayer the born pessimist the intellectual hypochondriac They are only mildly annoying One usually feels sorry for them as one does for those who suffer chronic indigestion It is unfortunate that we have not yet discovered an intellectual PeptoBismol both to alleviate their discomfort and also our own when we have to listen to them for very long It is hard to keep one's mind accurately focused on the particular issue they are dissenting on at any given moment The listener's mind tends to wander One is apt to find oneself speculating on the possible traumas and frustrations of this dissenter's upbringing that have led to imprisonment in a permanent cage of adolescent rebellion chirping away unEindingly like a busy canary complaining about the inferior quality of his birdseed One reluctantly concludes that only Group Therapy might be useful and tha t even there the prognosis would likely be for only marginal·improvement The second category might be termed The Status Dissenter I who is terribly concerned that his intellectual hemlines are adjusted precisely to the prevailing mode Although they may aware from automatic empirical observation that mini-skirts may _ be a delight or a disaster depending on the quality of what is revealed they seldom seem aware that such automatic adjustment of their intellectual hem-lines just possibly might rev eal a minI' ' brain A su -category of this species might be termed The Melodramatic Status Dissenter They may be found in all walks of life Recently we have noted their emergence from the groves of academe whence mo th-like they are irresistably attracted by t glare of TV kleig lights to become instant experts on the rather intricate and complex factors dealing with the life and death of nations Unfortunately at times their contributions have seemed to possess be UNCLASSIFIED - _ - _- - - - - -- _- - - - - - - - -- -- ----_ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 17 UNCLASSLfIED Page 8 Annex E Saigon A-255 an inverse ratio of value to their legitimate expertise in'biology or pediatrics A third category we might term The Loud Dissenters My hackles still rise when I think of our former Secretary of State Dean Rusk who like you received his basic training in the humanities here in North Carolina at Davidson who was himself a splendid listener as well as one who showed unfailing courtesy to others being shouted down by hoots bullhorns and stamping feet while trying to deliver a speech I regret that I am compelled to say that to me this is the eternal howl of the tormented infant who can bear no more frustrations who must have his way or tantrums must surely follow Devoid of manners contemptuous of the well established rules of fair play which have long characterized discussion of public issues in this country they fail to realize the offense they give and that they automatically Signal that the'principles they allegedly advocate quite likely could not win acceptance in the acid test of free and rational discussion The tragedy is at times their grievances are real are legitimate are in need of redress but this fact becomes quickly obscured in the universal revulsion against the tactics they have chosen A fourth category might be called The Violent Dissenters Without wishing to minimize in the slightest the major social questions left still unanswered in today' s world it is my opinion that those dissenters who choose violence as their mode of expression raise a question which towers over all others They raise the question of our very surVival as a nation a SOCiety under law and - In commenting on the increas'irig' incidence of violence J R Wiggins observed that Nothing is more certain than that one side to a public controversy ill force to n61 lo 'g enjoy a monopoly on the use of those with whom they disagree This is a technique perfected by the F cists and the Nazis Those who are in dissent ought to be the last to encourage a contest ih which the side with the most numbers and least scruples is bound ultimat'ely to triumph Those in dissent if thl Y are at all farsighted should be the first to demand for those who speak in opposition to them full personal security The business of breaking heads is not an enterprise involving so much ingenuity that others cannot be instructed in it or hQra UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S ' Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 9 Annex E Saigon A-255 learn to profit by it if it becomes one of the necessities of public life When it does however dissenters and non-conformists will not gain the greatest advantage from it •••• Ours is not a phlegmatic or passive people and recurrent acts of violence will call forth reprisal Innocent citizens will be the victims of such disorders but the great casualty will be the political institUtions which rest upon freedom of speech 1 ' It is essential I submit that yve clearly recognize the consequences of failing to insure tta t the level of violence be ins to subside Wiggins noted lithe tendency of dissent and repression to occur in cycles of some kind--to work themselves out through a discernible sequence beginning with disagreement proceeding to debate and verbal dissent verging into passive resistance and civil disobedience and culminating in violence This violent climax has then been followed by a reaction that has tended to reverse the process by starting out to discourage violence alone and that has often proceeded down the scale toward the repression of Civil disobedience passive resistance and even v erbal dissent II Such a process of reaction may well already be underway All of us I am certain devoutly hope that we may be spared future excesses of violence which otherwise will certainly accelerate inevitable reaction down the scale elaborated by Mr Wiggins A fifth category might be called The Opp· ortupistic Dissenter I personally find those I would place in this category almost as dangerous as The Violent Dissenter and far more distasteful Whatever excuses may be advanced for the misguided zeal of those in other categories do not s eem to me to be applicable here Usuall · 'Nell-informed usually quite aware of the importance of the issues to the national safety and well being they are never- theless quite capable of attempting to advance their own careers by supporting a particular aspect of a popular topic of dissent Such an aspect is usually either distorted out of its true context 8 or quite 'often is really irrelevant to the basic issue but its endowment does give the illusion of participation while providing ample room for rapid disengagement when no longer profitable UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 '-' '''' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 10 Annex E Saigon A-255 The degree of the confidence of the opportunistic dissenters that they can successfully disengage before the deluge engulfs their sincere followers is only matched by their cynical assumption that the memory of the American people doe 5 not extend beyond today's headline That they are often gambling with the nation' 5 safety is unimportant in comparison with the fleetingly transient advantage they calculate to be theirs Fortunately the American p'eople seem to have an innate ability to detect and finally reject the phony and I am very grateful that there still remain enough honest sincere and dedicated journalists to insure that the American people finally get all the facts But there is another kind of dissent It is rather like a rare flower--it takes a particular happy accident of circumstances and environment to bring it about It is intelligent dissent It is marked by several characteristics I would like to allude to two or three of them The intelligent dissenter has taken the trouble to become iriformed He not only knows there are two sides to an' argument he has taken the trouble to know as much as he can about both of them And in this process he exercises a certain skepticism about what he reads and most particuJ arly I about what he sees on te1e-' vision He recognizes that our modem revolution in communications ha s posed certain Il'oblems with which we are still struggling that one such problem is the tendency to emphasize only the dramatic that the emphasis on the dramatic inevitably underscores the chaos o ten attendant on rapid change and tends to obscure the slow and steady progress that is surely being made o He seeks for perspective J for he know thot without perspective knowledge cannot be equated with wi dom He is skeptical about the validity of assumptions which dedicated advocates sometimes distort to -support the·desired rationale He would not be impressed for example # by the working papers produced at the Detroit conference in 1967 of the National Council of Churches The premi e that the government of the United States was wholly wrong was never challenged UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 11 Annex E Saigon A-255 Wiggins notes that in fact this was so clearly the first premise of the session that no occasion arose to even formulate this assumption II I think our intelligent dissenter might have remembered that after leaving the Presidency Thomas Jefferson Wrote in 1811 to William Duane IIIt is true that dissentients havE a right to go over to the minority and to act with them But I do not believe your mind has contemplated that course that it has deliberately viewed the strange company into which it may be led step by step unintended and unperceived by itself •• • As far as my good will may go for I can no longer act I shall adhere to my government Executive and Legislative and as long as they are republican I shall go with their measures whether I think them right or wrong because I know they are honest and are wiser and better informed than I am The intelligent dissenter will take time to listen He listens not simply out of courtesy although that should always be a basic motivation He listens not just to gather breath for a new onslaught or to wait to pounce on the flaws of an opposing argument He listens rather in the hope of learning something he didn't know before He listens to find out what flaws there might have been in his own argument and is quick to acknowledge them where they appe r in the hope of closing on some common ground He listens because his conviction is baSically intellectual not emotIonal and can therefore be changed if the weight of the evidence indicates a change or modification • The intelligent dissenter knows that his Q issent' must be responsible He will remember the words of Zechariah Chafee in his claSSic work Pree Speech in the United States when he said I I want to speak of the responsibilities-of the men who wish to talk They are under a strong moral duty not to abuse t he liberty they possess All that I have written g oes to show that the law should lay few restraints upon them but tta t mgkes it all the more important for them to restrain themselves They are enjoying great privilege and the best return they can make is to use that privilege wiselyand sincerely for what they genuinely believe to be the best interests of their country • UNCLASSIPIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 5 UNCLASSIFIED 'Page 12 Annex E Saigon A-255 The intelligent dissenter will also remember Chafee' sadmonition that it would be extremely dangerous if speakers and writers use their privilege of free discussion carelessly or maliciously so as to further their own ambitions or the immediate selfish interests of their particular minority By abusing liberty of speech I he said tlthey may easily further its abolition tl • That war ning I the intelligent dissenter knows is as valid today as when it was given just before World War II The intelligent dissenter will know that restraint must be an integral part of his baggage and that he must force himself to display a degree of tolerance that at times wJ l be extremely difficult to attain The intelligent disse ter will remember SL Paull s injunction that the greatest of virtues is that spirit of Christian charity which we profess but too often honor in the breach And above all the intelligent dissenter will never forget that in the end however high the temporary cost may seem to be he must be true to his own sense of personal integrity I have had the great good fortune to be sUstained all my life by the example of my father who was born a bit to the north of this campus on the banks of the ·Dan one ·hundred years ago He loved this institution as he did all the Baptist institutions of th s State and it would have given him great pleasure to see me here today He served his denomination and his State for more than fifty years as a Minister of the Gospel of Jesus Christ As I grow older I recognize ever more fully that were I alloted twice the normal life span I tust might hope to be half the man he w 3-s Although he- never Sougltcontroversy he seemed to be always involved in· dissent I recognize now tpat his towering personal integrity would permit no other course The twenties were turbulent years also and one incident I remember involved one of the great Presidents of this institution Dr William Louis Poteat It seems incredible now that such a gentle man as Dr Poteat the rno t Christian of Christians could be subjected to such scathing attacks by both the clergy and the laity of the Baptists of this State for quietly maintaining as indeed his own integritY demanded that Darwin was after all right UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 13 Annex E Saigon A-255 I remember accompanying my father to an Association meeting in Cabarrus County Spe ker after speaker denounced Dr Poteat until my father could no longer take it He demanded the floor and I sat spellbound as he lashed them for the ultimate sin of blasphemy in daring to substitute their finite limited comprehension for the omniscience and omnipotence of God I still remember the hushed quiet as he closed with the quotation of the exhortation of Oliver Cromwell I beseech you in the bowels of Christ think it possible that you may be mistaken II • I do not remember the name of the speaker at my own commencement 37 years ago and only a line or two of his deathless words of wisdom Perhaps if you remember two of mine 37 years hence I will have bettered par for the course Then we had other things on our minds as we set out to carve a small niche for ourselves in the establishment We' soon found as you will that you don't join the establishment -- it joins you While I hope you will be intelligent dissenters from such of its manifestations your conscience dictates you must oppose I also hope you will handle with equal intelligence the dissent yo u will encounter against those of its institutions in which you deeply believe Think it possible that you may be mistaken fl I never forgot that line I commend it to you It will make intelligent dissent a little less difficult if you remember as you encounter a succession of minds that enjoy the rare certainty of complete conviction that the presen e of a reasonable doubt is not an unmitigated disaster in human society Thank you for letting me qe with you today UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' t- f' l J t I rra @ lf T£ 1 NO _ - ___ TO Depa tment of State _ lI' -- B O ' r ' L TAGS lOR t t co INT 1 1 --r FROM ODS 11652 RELEASE IN PART B61 r 8 A lR REF NAVY 050 USI NS' SEPTEMBER 19 Dissent 'Message • CIA 5 DATE SUBJECT 9 A' i y OGEN PFOR AmEmbassy MOSCOW ' rDISS m CHANNEL ' ' 'a • • ' ' ' • I This message transmits a dissenting view submitted' 'by Sf of the Embassy Economic Commercial Section ------ A POLICY PROPOSAL AMERICAN PARTICIPATION IN SOVIET ECONm1IC MODERNIZATION I AS A CATALYST fOR c011P ETING THE DETENTE PROCESS ECON-l cr'lARGE CHR N I I Introduction ' 0 • · ' ' ' ' - ' ' i· j • t ' fi • Now as never pefore since its inception promine t voices in both the US and USSR are questioning the concept of detente ' at does detente mean or ot'e to'the point What is there in it for us The results of detente initiatives so far are inconclu sive Both countries need something more tangible 'than an abstract concept known as detente With the advent'o a new administration 'now is a prime time for new bold initiatives for introduction'of a policy that will give guts to the word detente This should be a policy which will 'speak to and satisfy the fundamental interests of the and USSR--interests which ultimately can be realized-' only within the bilateral framework 'This paper sets forth a ' policy designed to meet that requirement ' us The PresuPEositions ' ' ' ' ' L - ' outlined herein is' J iased on certain Th e 'action program presuppositions as to what each country has most to gain from de tente A discussion of these presup ositions follows later tOR OE T 9 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 I SE8lM Moscow A 39' 2 United States - The fundamental goal of the United States from detente is the uchievement of verifiable arms control and or disarmament with the Soviet Union which will assure long-cerm US security Soviet Union - The one significant payoff for the USSR from detente would be a USG policy permitting essentially uncontrolled acquisition of American equipment technology credits and other economic benefits for its o vn economic development and modernization The 'To seek a broad agreement with the Soviet Union linking all encompassins 'economic cooperation with the USSR the Soviet payoff which only the US can provide with verifiable arms control and or disarmament concessions from the USSR to guarantee long term US security the us payoff which only the USSR can provide ' ' ' ' Discussion I Policy Objective ' 1 That l g-term sec ritY--i e ' a condition of reai peace- is'the prime US objective from detente can hardly be open to contention Far less obvious is the reality tha t the only genuine payoff for the USSR from detente is in the economic trade area This is because the Soviet domestic economy mainly due to damaging structural ideological inadequacies is incapable of performing efficiently It can sustain annual growth only through injections of disproportionately massive capital investments rather than by stimulati g increased labor productivity effici ncy ' In the field of planning and management the Soviets are still bound by basic ideological hangups which prevent them from applying real decentralization in economi ·decision-m king The absence of such decentralization has caused a chain reaction of problems the end' result of which ·is the' fact that t e ordinary worker ha'8 no ' reeii reason to work productively or be responsive in any other way' to the overall economic needs of the country Further the per-' for mance indicators applied by Soviet planners to gauge economic - progress still consist chiefly of quantitative rather than qualitative elements Quantity rather than quality is a histo ical phenomenon n Soviet ' economic planning which has led to a modus operandi ' 'characterized by low-quality manufactured goods contain ng needlessly large amounts of raw materials In short besides'being' inefficient the Soviet economy is extremely vasteful Because of the constant emphasis on quantity the Soviet economic system is incapable of absorbing the results of research and development in to the production process in any coherent or rapid SBSM'f ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 ' • I Moscow A- JiZ3 way The Soviets and Russians before them have historically produced fine and innovative thinkers many of their contemporary research institutes are producing excellent work Yet the transformation of technological processes into production is largely unattainable since factory managers pay attention to the plan Cit ·is a law and its fulfil ent Because diverting resources to absorb' R D into production would render plan fulfillment more diffi ult that absorption is achieved only very slowly ' In a recent con ersa­ tion with Senator William Roth of Delaware Dzherman Gv shiani Deputy Chairman of the prestigious USSR State Committee for Science and Technology made precisely this pOint He stated A major problem in the Soviet economy i the'delay in introducing· new technology and processes into actual production Soviet research is of high quality whereas production and manag ent techniques lag behind tI For these reasons the Soviet economy is essentially an inefficient ponderous aimless organism By the same token rather than catching and passing Western economies in its performance--as' predicted 15 years ago by Khrushchev -the Soviet economy is falling farther behind' them relative y speaking since innovation·in the West finds its way into roduction so much more quickly than in the USSR ' II one might' re'asonab y ask why i f the Soviet economy' ' is in such d sarray the leadership aoes not adopt a series of tough pragmatic measures to tighten it up The answer is that ' basic econotnic change can take place only when' accompanied by basic political change and that is intolerable t th se in power Instead the S viets re banking on' acquiring ufficient Western technological processes and sophisticated equipment to offset the weaknesses caused their economy 'by its ideological' bas 1s In this way they hope to achieve real eco omic' pr g es changing the existing economic structure Soviets' have told Embassy officers see Moscow A-25 of January 24 1974 for example 'that economic planners have already effectively given up trying to find ways of indUCing Soviet wo ker8 to increase their' efficiency n pr oductivity III In general terms then the Soviets int nd to-reiy heavily on foreign technology' and equipment to modernize and rationalize their economy Specifically moreover' there is every reason' to believe that the Sovl ets see -the US as their chief hope for achieving that goal This is apparently a deliberate policy decision on their part The present bottleneck in US-USSR trade revolving around the intertwined MFN-credits-Jewish emigration BB8Rfl'f' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 SBSRB t Moscow A- 1'124 issues has caused bureaucrats at the operational level in the Soviet foreign trade structure to question the desirability of wasting time ll with the US' market Yet it is known that policy 'makers 'have consistently rebuffed such points of view stressing the overriding importance of acquiring sophisticated American q ipment for Soviet internal economic development - An ipso facto indication of the great Soviet desire to en oy the benefits of the US market is the increasingly conciliatory stance taken y the USSR on the Jewish emigration issue this in spite of the Soviet leadership s intense ind f gnation at what it Vie'l 7S a US interference i n internal Soviet affairB The most recent evidence of this Soviet policy was the revelation on August 27 1974 by a leading economist at the prestigious USA Irtstitute that all Soviet industrial ministries have established American sections to deal exclusively with ways and means of acquir g needed US equipment I At the same time increasing' Soviet trade with other developed 'Western countries is an acknowledged fact Clearly he Soviets ar prepared to make don with other less - desirable partners if a comprehensive agreement with the US cannot be achieved ' Iv Aside from the glaring and presently insoluble problems faced by the Soviets in developing their economy additional problems are created for the USSR by the arms rac'e itself In the'US with its exceptionally high level of economic development ' increased resource allocation to the armaments industries serveS as' a stimulus for the economy In the Soviet Union the reverse is 'true Expenditures in the military sector--especially the enormous funds re qufred for developing new strategic apqns systems--are a definite hindrance to overall economic growth and result in delays to or postponements of important development projects most part cular y in Siberia • 0'· ' ' f • • ' - • • In discussions with Embassy officers Soviet officials now openly a cknowledge this pr9 ble m For exalllple a l ading Soviet economic planner made the fnllowi g s atement to this writer recently ' 'The -reason we ant' t t 9me to an agreement with you on armaments is in order to 'divert resources to other more-'pressing areas of the economy 'This a 'sincere desire not 'only for security b t also for econom i c r'e sons ' ' V This wr'iter s assessment of the urgent requirements of the Soviet economy ' combined with a p'erceived Soviet leadership mentality to seek foreign economic assistance which only the US can provide adds up to th conclusion that the USSR can be persuaded to UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 I ·1 Moscow A- lfl 5 agree to a strategic acconnnodation including appropriate safeguards verification procedures etc with the US which will satisfy our security requirements why 'Again the question may logically be asked as to the Soviets would agree to a linkage of such crucial 'importance for both countries when they can' hardly swallow·the relatively modest coupling f increased Jewish emigration from the USSR in return for American MFN and credits There are several possible answers to this question First of all 'the kind of USG sanctioned economic cooperation with the USSR envisaged by this proposal would be far·greater than the rather limited issues ' of MPN and Ex Im Bank credits It would also greatly exceed anything cnvtsaged under xisting US-USSR bilateral agreements in the trade and economic fields and would include such measures aSI -- effective abolition of commodity and technology export controls by the US except in those areas with particularly scnsit ive military applications -- comprehensive US company parti c tpation in SOViet developproje cts continuing technology inflows from' the US including up ' grs ding state-of-the-a-rt on existing and future projects supplie d 'from the US m nt ' -- provision of US management assistance both'pa ticipating in conjunction with individual projects nd advisory in' overall econOmic planning 'subject o Soviet sensitivities in this area ' --' direct USG credits outside the J x-Im Dank framework at concessionary rates to the·USSR for purchases of American equip ment an techn logy - Other areas of cooperation would be mutually agreed upon' depending o'xi xpressed 'Soviet requirements ' ' Secondly ·the Soviets have reacted so bitterly to the Jackson Amendment because it was construed as foreign interference in the internal affairs of the USSR A linkage involving Soviet con cessions in the rms control field could nnt possibly be viewed as internal interference since it is an area involving directly the security interests of foreign countries in this case the US SB8Kft UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart ment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 SESRIW Moscow A- li l 6 In other words it is not linkage per E to which the Soviets object in many conversations with Soviet officials this writer has received the impression that a proper linkage involving key national interest questions of both countries would be not only pqssible but also d esira le • VI This analysis deals only with the economic trade aspects of a proposed agreement The specific arms control and or dis armament gains which would represent the US payoff natural y would be determined by experts from the appropriate USG agencies Obviously the agreement could be viable only f adequate safe guards verifications etc can be guaranteed Here again however Soviet participation in such an agreement would be d ictated by the economic gains which the USSR 'WOuld obtain Objections 'p'nited States I Some political elements to the US might view such an agreement as sell-out of Us vital interests arguing that it would involve a military or strategic stand off while at the same time strengthening the Soviet e conomy and thus maldng that country more powerful ' Such an argument would fail to' take hold of ·two k y points ' - Technology and equipment alone -no matter where they Come from -will not be adequate to modernize the Soviet economy it being structured in such a way as to inhibit the assimilation of any kind of nnovation • ' ' ' ' ' ' --' Should significant econ c' gains become possible in' the USSR'through foreign equipment and technology purchases coupled with modest structural reorganization such gains will ul imately be felt at the consumer level resulting· in aggravation of la ent pressures for more consu e gpoas d Soyiet ci - stances consume pressures would lead to political' pressures The advent of ' consumerismn in the USSR would have the effect of forcing raditionallY'outward-looking Marxism-Leninism to become more introspective Y his would of course also be a positive development for the US _i· ' • ' ' 2' The defense establishment may object that economic ' coop'eration will lead to a strengthening of the USSR militarily While this is true it is a negative aspect that wo'uld hav e to ' be accepted for the sake of overriding inte ests Again it must be stressed that' any US-USSR accommodation could work if it included workable procedures for verifying adherence by the USSR to the arms control and or disarmament provisions SE8RB'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 SS6ft'H'1' - Moscow AI J-r7z Soviet Uni on 1 The greatest opposition of all is l f kely to come from the Soviet military establishment Havi g seen the USSR approach parity with the US militarily Soviet generals will' hardly be inclined to level off or aven diminish'the degree of their offensive capabt11ties ' ' '- I ' ' ' ' ' 2 Fa -sighted conservative elements I n the CPSU leadership may oppose an agreement on tne grounds that large-scale introduction of US technology into the Soviet economy will ultimately force basic political liberalization This assumption is probably correct On the other hand 'in reaching an agreement with the USSR as espoused in this paper the US ould be gj ving its tacit ·if unspoken agreement to renoullcing any kind of interference in Soviet domestic affairs including its system of internal control ··The realization of the US position on that question would be a ·strong argutnent in overcoming conservative opposition to an agree ment · Neither the Soviet military establishment nor conservative CPSU elements would be likely to oppose an agl 'ccmellt on the grounda of · fear of a preemptive military strike rom the US It is doubtful that there remains a y military or political groupings of any ·size in the USSR which actually believe and therefore fear that ' the US represents a military threat to the Soviet Union • Conclusion J The formula known as detente while not yet floundering requires a catalyst to achieve a genuine reduction in or elimination'of tensiQn between the world·s two superpowers An agreement linking' · economic coop ration with guaranteed strategic security can provide such ·a·catalyst Detente would be fulfilled and genuine long term peacs ould be far nearer attainment With that goal in mind this proposal is herewith esp ctfully submitted ' - DUBS ' I ·V ' 6Be ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Departf' 'lent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 tJIRID DRAFT RELEASE IN PART 8S sJ30Rfl'f SUBJECT I REF Dissent Message entitled itA Policy Proposal Amel'ican Participation in Soviet Economic Modernization as a Catalyst for' Completing the Detente Process Moscow's A-342 September 5 1974 In accordance with the procedures set forth in the Department Notice of May 8 1974 concerning dissent messages this will constitute the response to the f subject message 'byl Economic Commercial Section Embassy Hoscow's 86 The Policy Planning Staff takes responsibility for this response in which the Bureau of European Affairs the Counselor's Office and the Bureau of Intelligence and esearch also concur The lateness of the response is regretted 1 This message contains something less tpan specific disagreement with established policy and something more than a recommendation for an alternative course of specific actions Rather it commends a general US approach to the US-Soviet relationship irivolving a radeoff of all-encompassing con9mic cooperation with the USSR for verifiab1 e· iarms control and or disarmament concessions from the USSR to guarantee l ong-terrn US security It chooses to deal only with the economic trade aspects leaving the US payoff in arms control disarmament DRAfT UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 ' to be determined by experts from the appropriate us agencies 2 Since the Administration recognizes the fact of • Ilinkage between various areas of the US-Soviet relationship in our dealings with the Soviets and since economic rel tions and arms control figure prominently on the US- Soviet qgenda there is clearly a substantial overlap between current policy and the' suggested approach At the same time this approach appears to proceed from a perspective on detente which Is different in certain important ways fr om that which underlies US detente policy as it has deve oped in recent years It may be useful to define these areas of overlap and difference and ·even if Iagrees i t se l'i c v 'NJl L - - t''''''rB6 to ' w l der -Q ' -_ _ _ _-- 1 '± 3 the Fer P 1h LI l j ' ' open Forum Panel Magazine as a contribution and - incentive to dialogue within the foreign affairs community • ' S condarily translation of specific policy terms would pract cal the suggested a p c into e counter a number of· severe ' constraints and some of these will be noted for comp eteness' sa e 3 ' The mess ge focuses on analysis of Soviet motives and ' perceptions in seeking vastly expanded economic rel ation hip with the developed market economies and especially the UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 'United States This analysis is excellent and persuasive even outside the context of the proposal it is intended to support Coincidentally it is confluent with the mainstream lof Washington analysis • There can be little disagreement concerning the-major theses that the Soviet economic system as such is inefficient that the Soviet leaders realize it and that they hope expanding economic ties with the west will offset the weaknesses caused their economy by its ideological basis and achieve real economic progress without changing the existing economic structure 4 The proposal is also firmly based on the concepts of linkage mutuality and a balance of risks and incentives It recognizes in other words that detente serves American interests that both sides must benefit and that we must seek to provide for mutual benefits and for trade-offs' among various programs points emphasized by the Secretary i his ptember 19 tatement to the Senate Foreign Relations Commi tee This constitut s a second important element of overlap between the' suggested approach and current policy 5 However there appear t concerning the -scope pace ' 01 a-r be important differences and ' haracter of detente UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 4 SSOrl E'f 6 Our current approach is based on recognition of the facts that the us and the USSR have the capacity to destroy mankind and impinge on each other across the globe I and across the spectrum of relationships As a policy detente seeks to create and nurture habits of restraint and' constructive behavior across this spectrum in recognitio of these ealities The proposed approach focuses heavily on two types of relationships economic trade and arms contrOL disarmament These are admittedly central but the focus on two is restrictive both in terms of the US-Soviet bilateral relationship itself and in terms of its global significance Bilaterally it limits the number of trading elements globally it gives short shrif to presently or potentially v£tal issues of competition and coop ration and global problems involving alliances third areas In the end it could make the task of normalizing restraint and constructive behavior in international relations harder rather t han easier 7 Our current approach is incremental in that it'seeks to develop cons tructive relationships step-by-step whe c e possible and necessary It works within the limits of the possible but is also based on a perception that abrupt or radical change is as liable as not to be'destabilizing SBCRIlI'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 S13CRE'iP 5 and therefore·to work at cross purposes with our search of international stability The proposed approach calls essentially for a one-shot deal of very considerable magnitude Even if practicable and otherwise attractive • it -lould be open to the objection that its very size would send unpredictable destabilizing and therefore selfdefeating 8 impu ses through the international system Finally our current approach sees detente as a continuing process not a final condition that has been or can be realized at anyone specific point in time in the words of the Secretary's September 19 statement In one sense again this merely recognizes the limits of the possible but in another sense it is based on a perception that permanence or irreversibility in politics may well be neither achievable nor desirable As its title ind1cates the message proposes a tradeoff of a permanent -Soviet guarantee of US security for a permanent j US blank check to the ' Soviet economy completing the detente process c o e 9 n as C -' catalyst- for _ Three possible object10ns t o mind Fi st it can be argued that neither econci ml c development nor military security are or can be permanent or stable they-are' by nature processes -rather than states They are continuously changing under the pressure of SECRfJ'iP UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 ' technological developments economic stringenc es and political decisions One major goal of our detente policy is to give these processes structure and predictability but stopping the clock--as distinguished from creating it-I cannot be a realistic policy objective 10 Second it can be argued that S viet politics in particular as well as politics in general make a permanent tradeoff of economic and military security chimerical The potential Soviet objections discussed on page 7 of the message may well be so weighty as to make either term of the proposed tradeoff unacceptable to the Soviets The Soviet military establishment and 'bonservative elements in the CPSU'I have been consistently powerful and often dominant in Soviet politics If the assumption that US economic involvement on this scale t'will ultimately force basic political liberalization is IIprQ bably correct as the message states either giving the US a permanen t security guarantee 2E accepting permanent large-scale US involvement in the Soviet economy would be equivalent 'for these elements to signing their ' own death warrant And if tn French proverb partir c' est mourir n peu has some rerev pce mourir crest partir beaucoupll has more S S€R fl'i' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 17 11 Third it can be argued that completing the detente process n would be undesirable even if achie able by something like the suggested trade Maintenance of detente as a process provides the us i th flexibility to shape policy in unforeseen circumstances to unforeseen ends and with permanent leverage on the soviet Union which may well outweigh the costs in uncertainty and the modesty of each result under the present approach or even the benefits of neatness and finality under the approach suggested in this message 12 Fianlly it should be pointed out that implementation of the suggested approach would face severe practical constraints 13 On the economic side it would be difficult in the best of circumstances to convince the US polity of the overriding erits of an economic blank check to the Soviet Union Even in return for substantial arms c ntro1 concessions the US contribution to the tradeoff would be costly would compete with scarce resources and would • dispense with ba gaining leverage for'other goals such· as influence on S viet emigration· policies wqich have their own importan ce ·· nd even if the Soviets were unexpectedly convinced that US economic involvement on the OEOR B'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Sta e Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 ' scale contemplated would not entail interference in their domestic affairs US commitment to non-interference in the -'form of a blank check would be hard to sell here Fnd perhaps justly so Thus we would be speaking out of the wrong side of our mouth in two'directions and needlessly damaging the credibility a democratic foreign policy must have Finally some of the 'specific measures proposed on page 6 -- effective abolition of all but the most strategically essential export controls comprehensive US company part icipation in soviet development projects continuing technology inflows from ··the US and provision of US management assistance - would require a degree of government control in the economy which may exist in the USSR but does not and is unlikely to exist here 14 On the arms control side it is fair to point out despite the self-denial in the message that the task of formulating the US payoffll -- verifiable arms control and or disarmarne nt with the' Soviet Union which will assure lo g-term US security' -- boggles the mind The ferocity which experts from the appropriate US agencies and the Soviets would bring to this task would be·a pale reflection of the inherent difficulty given the size and complexity of the arsenals the relentless pace of UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 9 OElCltfJ'f technological change and the weight of past history and present se curity interests the prospect for defining a stable situation which will assure long-term US security is dim if it exists at all An American Igovernment which claimed to have defined and achieved US security forever would be thrown out ·and deserve it - UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm ent of State Case No -_2016-07743 poe No C17980153 Date 09 12 2017 • t •• # • ••• ED STATES • - GO 'ERN rENT - V e1120raJzdzlm RELEASE IN PART 861 TO SIP - Mr Winston Lord- Fn O t INR cIS -I SUBJE CT Dissent Hessage DATE - ' ' September 13 197 B6 i Attached is a paper entitled Section 212 a 15 of t e Eliminating Public Charges or the Nor ng Poor which I · 'ould like to submit through the Dissent Channel Mr Carl- Shepard in the Visa Office has expressed an interest in seeing the paper It is unclassified • INA · - -40 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C17980153 Date 09 12 2017 • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 • 0 ' Section 212 a 15·of the'INA Eliminating Public Charges or the -lor king Poor Byl B6 ---------- ---- The Department's airgram of S ptember 1 1973 entitled Determination of Public Charge was a valiant e tt er 1pt to instill some objectivity into the interpretatiorr of Section 212 a 15 of the 'Immigration ·and Nationality Act INA Relying on II common sense as had been urged by one Consul General had resulted in grossly different standards and refusal rates not only among posts in the same country bu 'among officers at the same post with the prevailing inte ­ pretation reflecting too often the personal prejudices'and political philosophy of each officer Disagreement by Ju ior Officers with vhatever the prevailing view of the head of the visa section held hether Illiberal or conserva ti ve 11 resulted in negative sanctions in efficiency reports written by officers convinced that after twenty five years they ' ere the la 'l in the area Veteran consulor officers tended to feel that the upstart changing the section's refusal percentage '-las either unreasonable on one handt·or had no guts for enforcing the letter of the la v on the other hand This 5i tuation r ' ust have given potential immigrants the first impression that the United States government was just like the governme 1 t of the country they were eaving i rational and arbitrary In this situation any attempt at rationality and consistency had leen overdue since the proliferation of public assistance pro rams in the 1960' 6 and hat follows is not meant to detract from the significance of the e fort made by the Visa Office The September 1st a i'rgram falls short in t'·l0 areas Firs it does not allow for any sort of special status for the SpOUSE of American citizens a status which the drafting officer feel is constitutionally·requ j red by recent· Supreme Court decisions Second the general income levels chosen are not related to a program which·would make a person a public charge by the pepartment's own reasOJ dng - '- • ' a ' The privilegeo position of the marital union has been recognized by the Supreme Court in the case of Gri's '10Id' ·v Connectic t l That case held that in placing rest ictio s on the use of birth c cntro 1 pills in a marital relationshi p thf state was infringing on a '''right of privacy older than t e Bi of Rights I AJ though the case involved action by a State- Go· - roent it is obvious that the same right ' 'ould be 'lield qg in5t t Federal Government in view of the invocation of the nin- ' a·rie ment and Justice Harlan's description of the right as i lic in the concept of ordered liberty In the case of an i ' ligra· 1 381 U S 479 1968 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 '0 •• J ' 2 separated·from an American citizen spouse on the basis of 212 a 15 of the INA the state of· marital pri acy is net only being interfered with it is being effectively ·destroyed The only '-lay' the couple can exercise that right is for t 'e U S citizen to leave the United States The gove nment must have an overt'lhelming interest in causing this sepa -atior and the prospect of losing a few dollars on welfare ct ld nQt provide that interest even to a conservative Supre e Court as shown by the position of Justice Harlan i 'e tend to forget in the case of IR spouses that there is now another person involved an American citizen who according to c e i vievl has Ii terally _ pecome one flesh and one spiri t · ith - 'he '±nunigrant before us 2 The separation of spouses is the thing that understandably causes most of the Congressional corr·espondence on visas ' ' ' It seems possible that the Supreme court ould exte d the GrisvlOld rational to the spouses of resident aliens ' 1nderthe rationa of Graham v Richardson 3 Graham was a unanimous decision holding that any classiiication based on aliena e such as those'based on nationality or race was inherently suspect thus indicating that any right given to alien s ouses of American ci tizens auld have to be granted to alien s ouses of resident aliens The specific holding of Graha was hat state could not deny welfare benefits to an alien on the basis of alienage or even place residence requirements on the time an alien had to be in the state Whether or not spouses of resident aliens were recc nize- ­ as having a fundamental right to be in the United States certain classes of immigrants would remain who would not be given lIequity on the basis of a spouse in the Unite d States • The rest of this paper is written on the assumption that the5 inunigl ants ould be subject to the public charge provision of the INA An attempt will b made to d velop a standard hich is more reasonable than the current IITable WI interagenc ' poverty guidelines being used Section 212· a 15 has r'emained the principc l basis £or refusing an immigrant visa in spite of the fact that tte requirement of a Labor Certification under 212 a 14 ·has eliminated applicants without basic equity since 1965 · ost 2nuring the past year 'the dr·afti ng officer was on LiWP a 1d consequ ntly vlould not have'-h'ild sufficient resources to e et the Schedule M income guidelines ·to bring an alien non- 1g1is speaking wif into the U S ' an injustice which seems to grei' outweigh the cost of the public assistan6e which probably c have been needed if that situation had existed 3403 u s 365 1971 • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No_ F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 I i 1• • 3 consular desi e to establish a'high potential income standard comes from 1 a feeling that an alien lho is eligible for any kind of assistance is a public charge or from 2 an attempt to cut dovm on the number of illegals wl10 subsequently iTnr ligrate on the basis of a family tie in the United States by refusing to let an inunigrant return to the lm'1 paying 'job he held hile in the United States illegally The first attitude is precluded by previous decisions of the VO as will be devet oped below and the second attitUde is a classic case of barn-· door closing post horse In the second approach the consular officer'may feel that the family tie was established as part of a scheme to evade the requirement for a Labor Certification • If·1 th i s can be proven the visa should of course be refused im'lever the refusal must be made explicit on this basis not as an underlying rational for setting a high income standard It has not been proven that setting high standards for 212 a 15 has discouraged a single alien from crossing the border illegally Even if the idea of having a child or·acquiring a spouse in the United States exists in the back of an alien's mind the over'whelming 'majority are not sophisticated enough in terms of our laws to think in terms of using that relationship to evade the public charge provision and are simply coming looking for · ork The reality is that several million illegals cross our border every yeart that the problem will become worse as countries such as Mexico double their populations in the 'next twenty years and I that the illegals ill keep coming in an increasing flood as lo 1 as· our borders are not physically sealed off and sanctions applie against employers ho hire the illegals Less than ten percent I of the illegals entering every year acquire any sort of f ily I tie in the United States Therefore even 'ifthis small percenta who show up at Consulates asking for IV's were totally shut out the flood crossing and recrossing the borders would still go on It is not rational perhaps not· constitutional fqr consular offic rs to take out their justified outrage at iilegal irrnigration by using one sction of the INA as a puni ive stick a med at a tiny minority of the actual malefactors Most IV ap'pli ants will present a legi timate job ot·fer at the first intervi v I often' to re urn to the place ' - here they ' -lere employ· d illegally doing farm labor or la'shing dishes 4This is not to deny that closing off illegal crossing cc ple·t el 'lould greatly reduce t-he'number of legal immigrants 2 30s of the applicants in a sample done at Ciudad Juarez' in Noverr ber 197 admitted having v orked illegally in the U S I f ·the equity -lere established hile in the U S illegally in every case and' illegal i migration were cut off entirely then presumably fa il equity would be established only through leg itimate intercourse across the border and legal immigration from Nexico y 'ou'ld 1 -e cut by 2 3ds UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' • • _ J ' ' ' 4 When confronted by a consular request that they obtain a job offer paying them three·do11ars an hour rather than $1 90 an hour they will simply regard the request an another 'irrational demand of an unfeelfng bureaucracy This is a situation they confronted in their native country and they didn't really expect much different from the American Consul No matter how many stories they heard about how tough it 'was 'to get working papers that hadn t t stopped them from crossing the' border illegally the first time The prime object then was to work unlike the second time when they cross again in search of a better job offer I Obtaining a legitimate job offer to meet the Table M guidelines would be di ficult enough if the applicants were legally present in the United States and could go personally to the job site The first step will be to go back to the visa fixer who may be able to bribe someone in the personnel office of a company to write an emp loyment letter at the appropriate salary • Among one small sample of job offers whi h the Consulate in Ciudad Juarez investigated two years ago ninety percent turned out to have been written without the knowledge of the person -'ho allegedly signed the letter These services of course cost money ''lhich w·ill drive the applicants further ·into debt before they immigrate If they cannot immediately obtain a letter they will probably cross into the United States again in search of a better job offer or to earn money to pay the visa fixer In addition to asking for a high job offer one 90nsular officer of long experience in Mexico was in the habit of asking that the job offer be accompanied by an IRS-943 the employer's business income tax form ostensibly i o see that the applicant was· being offered at least as much as half of the other employees were making and to check the job turn-over at the firm Since most firms wish to protect the confident lity of these forms this constituted another block in the aliens' path ·which usually blocxe' the issuance of a visa for six months or a year When it was pointed out that this - ouldonly encourage fraud anq dr j ye· the united States resident members 'of t n -fam ly·onto·w lfare in the absenc of the breadwinner the officer· described' the process as· a _ lper game This thesis is an attempt to stop nplaying pupcrgames with people 1 s lives· a d develop public charge stan'dards ''''hich both serve the legi i llate interests of the United States Government and are fair to he irnm grant The system 'ofOuld have reached the height of its· absurdity in operation if not in theory had the Department ruled that recipients of food stamps were public charges - Food stamps or surplus corr odities are given in every' county in the United States and fifty million Americans are currently eligible to receive them because the income standards are set so high UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 ' 5 The use of the food stump net income guidelines as e public charge thresh ld would possibly huve resulted in ninety percent first interview refusal rata at a post like Ciudad Juarez if the standards were applied rigorously and hones ly by the interviewing officers It is clear that such a re sal rate would lead to the collapse of a post's immigrant visa processing function 'because of the number of 'repeat interviews generated a flood of Congressional correspondence and visits by irate relatives ' • Some officers have felt that t e law must be enforced' no matter what and may in fact have been aiming for the ty e oi crisis confrontation depicted above as a means of drawing attention to the illegal alien problem It is possible that the courts would find the above process so unreasona le t at they would establish their own definitions of public chars-e A more certain result ould be Congressional action ei the on a formal or informal level to initiate new guidelines The Department has already'shown an inclination to instill some fairness and concepts of due process into the intervie'''' process even though it recognizes that aliens outside the united States have 'no rights under the United states Constitution The new requirements for finding inelgibility m cer 212 a ' 19 false documents issued in the fall of 1972 ar d the'Department's airgram of May 18 1973 to all Mexican posts concerning Aid to Families ''lith Dependent Childr en AFDC and Old Age Assistance point the way out of our 'dilemma Under the AFDC program if the breadwinner is separated from 'a family ith children 'the family receives AFDC IIwel ren payments in all states and is automatically eligible for cod stamps Twenty-five states pay welfare AFDC even to u ited families 'lith unemployed breadearners The result is that keeping an alien with natural or step-children separated f om his family costs the government more money in twentv-five states than'if he we're admitted and did not work at- all as the reunification of the family would inak the famiiy 'in'e'li' gible for welfare int ' enty-five s tates no matter how low its i ome The 'only univers'al income supplemen t pr C gram_ avai lable is t -le Food Stamp program The Department's Hay 18th airg -am suS' ests that if the alien is going to one of the states where reu fi­ cation of the family Hould make it ineligible for A DC t - e visa should be issue6 if the applicant· has a job 6 fer s fi­ cient to support himself lithout' regard for _ apahi-li ty of 5UP- porting the family The Department 'has thu C ye towa rcs establishing a definition of public charge that does not egar someone who is working as a public charge e ven tho' 'gh he 's working at a sub-poverty level income when family size is considered UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc 'No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' 6 • Seen in this light the Department's holding that recipients of AFDC are public charges 'lhile recipien - _of food stamps are not is not reasonable Since the Department id not adopt the actual AFDC income guidel'ines which are' rr u higher than the Table-M poverty guidelines actually adopte5 it has indicated that it is not going to engage in the cc ­ frontation scenario of ninety percent refusal rates In yiew of the holding that recipients of food stamps and public ousir or rent supplements are not public charges it is not logi al to call recipients of AFDC who like vise get federal money for food and housing public charges The money is corning out of 1j he Federal Treasury in both cases simply under pre-grams d th a different name It would seem that an AFDC recipient stould be regarded as a public charge only if he did not have su icie income to meet needs other than those for his housing and iood This would entail setting public charge guidelines ouch lc er than those in Table t-1 The May 18th 1973 Airgram also dealt with the probla of Old ·Age Assistance I had pointed out in my airgram of January 31 1973 that persons over sixty-five ere eligible for Old Age Assistance no matter vhat the income of their sponsors if they themselves did not have an income of at least one hundred thirty dollars a month Thus nearly every elc erly person joining his children in the united States is eligible for Old Age Assistance even if the sponsors are rnilliona es as relatives' income is not considered as part of t l- e app 'icants resources Rather than making the impossible decis on to eoinplet'ely cut off immigration of non-rich elderly pec le the Visa Office agreed with my suggestion that we si ply analyze the total situation and determine the liklihood 0 the immigrant making an application 'for welfare · and not simply rejeGt him beeuase he would be eligible for aid rom these two decisions' it is possible to ee two F inciF emerging One is that a per'son is not a public charge if he is receiving aid fO r his· housing and food but is v 'orking in attempt to provide himself with his other needs-and -as m f his subsistence needs as possible Tlie second is that 8' en· in the face of theoretical elgibility for a prograr which as been designated as a public charge pro gram the consular c£ ice must feel that the alien wi l actually make application sue 'a program The problem·in setting inc me standards is t tq set standards which will not keep out an alien simply beca se he will theoretically be eligible for aid for that ropo ion of his income which wiil be alloted to ho sinq and ood 2he Table H Interagency 'guidelines the Departrnent 'hasac optec · represent total s andard of poverty which can be relate in a rough way to eligibility for most of the federal assista ce UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154· Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No Date 09 12 2017 F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 ' i • ' ' ' ' 7 programs However they 'act to exclude people who in fact will not rec e-ive' any ai 'whi'ch would make them public charqes An example would be a l-Jexican family of four with an· inco e of $3 328 a year They would be able t'O fu1 fi11 their fooe needs through the-food stamp program and pay th rent thrc h rent subsidies thu 'not getting any aid from 'program which made them public 'charges under the Visa Office s O n decisions If they were in a state 'hich found it more feasible to pay • them out of federal funds under the AFDC program it would ot' be consistent to say that receipt of money for their food and housing would make them public charge i The Department's rational for adopting Table M as a guideline is based on 'the popular idea that the ve lfare field is hopelessly complicated and that it would take a qualified social 'lorker to determine welfare eligibility on a jurisdiction to jurisdiction basis However the Table M guidelines result in the exclusion of immigrants who are going o live in poverty in the United States not people rho are going to be public ch rqes While the major judicial decisions c the last fi'fty years are inconclusive as to · ho is a public charge under the immigration la vs they cannot possibly be used to justify excluding immigrants ho are going to be poor for several years after they enter Such a policy goes against the entire history of immigration in the United States and hat must have been the legitimate interests in the framers of e Immigration and Nationality Act when they inserted Section 212 a 15 in the Act Further as argued here such a position is not logically required even by the internal logic the Visa Officels recent decisions 0 As shown in the table below most of a fami1y 1 s AFDC be expected to go for food and housing items which the Labor Department says should take up 50 percent of the total budget of a family of four with an $8 181 gross annual income mO Qy'could Summary 'f nnual b-qdget for an urban family of' fourS Total Family consumption 6 580 % of Total B get Food ' 2 440 30 Housillg 1 627 20 Transportation 563 ' ' ' _ ' -- 7 Clothing 6 9 6 'I ' ' B Personal Care ' 205 2 Medical Care '660 '8 Other consumption 389 5 Entertainment etc Other Items Savings etc 385 5 Taxes Social Security Income Tax Total Budget 492 1 216 724 $8 181 6 9 %100 5Adapted from Table A of U S Department of· Labor USDL TunA 16 1974 A ltumn 973 Urban Familv BUdact UN'CLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 7 -304 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' _ • ' •• J • • • ' 8 • Food and housing comprise sixty two percent 0f the consumption budget that which is available for spending after taxes savings and other similar items which are minimal or nonexistent for the newly immigrated family In addition the budget includes allowances for 'savings gifts ife insura ce membership in group hospital and urgical plans and a n er of trips to doct9rs and dentists Since these expenses are • also minimized by immigrants it is apparent that easily over eighty percent of the budget of our typical poverty level immigrant may be used for food and l dging items which are provided in non-public charge programs For the sake of discussion 'however I will assume that fifty percent of the total budget of any size family in any geographic area will go or food and lodging The following table is an adapt ion of the Table M figures currently being used sho 'ling ho ' much money different size families would have to earn to keep o f AFDC to fill needs lhich they could not fill through food stamps or rent supplements 6 Excluding food or housing needs the threshold for AFDC is fifty percent of the poverty thresholc Poverty Threshold Size of family Nonfarm %50 Farm 1 $2 2 4 1122 1900 950 2 2 896 144 8 2442 1221 3 3 552 1776 3020 1510 4 4 5 0' 2275 3880 1940 %50 ·5 5 368 2684 4575 2287 6 6 0·38 3019 5157 2578 7 7 426 3713 6310 16q_ The minimum 'lage for indus tr ial labor is now $ 2 0 0 a 1 hour $4 160 per -annum for service ' 'orkers $1 90 $3 952 per an lurn and for farm labor $1 60 ' $3328 per annu - 1 It would thus be virtually impossible' for an- employer to make 'a legal full tIme job offer tha-t would not co'ver the - fifty percent of an immigrant I s income 'that could potentially be covered by AFDC or state supplemental benefits HO' 'ever it is entirely likely that use of the full Table M guide1iries without the suggested fifty percent deduction till resul in large numbers of non-English speaking i igrants with 6Adapted and weighted with a ten percent cost of living i rease from Department of Commerce Pub 60 no 86 Current Popul ion 'Reports Series Consumer' Income Characteristics of Low I come Population Table M UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 9 moderate size families having their'leg timate work offers at the minimum wage ejected The argument for using the Table M guidelines is that under the Federal plans of Aid to Famili es with D ependent Children and Aid to the Aged Blind or Disabled each state has traditionally had power to decide - rho was eligible for the programs and hmv m ch aid each person -lOuld get In addition each state has its o - rn General Assistance welfare programs to supplement the federal p ograms I and these 'pro- grams have different eligibility standards Using one national poverty guideline is therefore seen as a means of avoiding having complex public charge thresholds for each of the states under 212 a 15 This problem as to aid to-' the aged blind and disabled has been resolved because since January 1974· these programs have been absorbed into a new Federally administered program called Supplemental Security Income Under AFDC the only significant difference affecting 212 a ·15 among state· standards is the requirement in t lenty-five states that' the bread vinner abandon the family before the family is eligible for cash payments and the Visa Office has already spoken to this issue in its May 18 1973 airgram to all Mexican posts 7 The problem then remains as to the State General Assistance programs Assuming that 212 a 15 requires the·Federal government·to define itg rnmigration policies wi h re9ard to State welfare programs t can be argued that nsp te of the complications the Visa Office should develop separate public charge guidelines for each of the States After all we know it takes more to live 'in Ne v York city than in a Texas border town as a '''commuter alien • II However we are spared this problem by t vo generalizations which can be made about the States I programs 'The first is that the S'tate programs are supplemental to the Federal programs Aid under the non federally supported General ssistance Programs comprised only 3 6 pe cent of the total for public assistance given in 'January 1974 Second in every cas the incom standards are the same or more restricted than those of the ederally funded programs Differences seem to come mainly LI 1 the payment of medical costs or in the evaluation'of property Tnese ' exception$ can be handled on an individual basis under the Visa Office's guidelines on rebuttable presumpt i onsll'of welfare-eligibility owned 1As far as the drafting of ficer knows this airgra m requiring the consular officer to inquire as to which state system the i igran would be subject was only sent to r-lexican posts If his suggestions had merit as stated in the Airgram these instructions should be sent to all consular posts along '- rith appropriate information to implement them 8Graharn '403 U S -365 1911 stated that t e State 'laws conflict with 'bverriding national polic es' in an area onstit tionally e ' trusted to the Federal Goverr rr ent II State all cn res der cy requ l_ ments lIencroach upon exclus e fe4eral power IITh s hold1ng ma analogi' eliminate the c nS C1 rat n f purely state progr ms u 2 15 _ ' ' __ •• __ __ 00 • • ' •• 0_ • _ __ ' ___ _ _'_'_' • 0 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 10 Once we have escaped from the necessity of mechanically applying the eligibility standards under AFDC and General Assistance our analys ls ·can be· framed in the -context of an alien's contribution to our society versus the cost of having him here ·A full'time'agiicultural worker with a job of fer at the minimum of $3 328 'p a' and three dependents will make a contribution· to our society that oubleighs the' fact that he may buy low cost food with food stamps or that a few liberal II states such as Ne ' York 9r California may ' supplement his income out of ·state ' funds so he can pay his rent Such people ought not to be considered public charges anymore than the widow on her Social Security pension ivhen one looks at the big picture such a ruling seems totally inconsistent with our history and national spirit The reunification of families and their work contribution to our society outweigh the cost' of' supplementing their incomes as they adjust to this country Other countries such as Australia and Sweden make nearly total support payments to the' new immigrant This is not an argument that we should abandon 2 2 a 15 but that we should not get hung up on technicalities of saying that someone who buys his food wi th Food stamps is not a public charge while someone ' ho buys his groceries with AFDe cash is a public charge hen the money comes out of the same Treasury ' Someone -lho is working on a full time job is making at least enough money to pay all of his other needs besides housing and food The holding that anyone with a'credible full time job offer is not a public charge would also put the Department'more in line with the interpretation of 212 Ca 15 as administered by the Immigration and Naturalization Service References Department's Airgrams of May 18' 1973 to all M« x can pos s and September I 1973 to all Diplomatic and Counsular posts' Consulate Ciudad Juarez' Airgram of Jan ary 31 197-3 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980156 Date 09 12 2017 b5O DEPARTM ENT OF STATE Wa hlnEton UNCLASSIFIED MEMORANDUM TO FROM SUBJECT IRELEASE IN PART Bsl D C 20520 December 10 1974 -I____---r-'7'_----l1 Samuel P Lewis INR cIS - SiP - Dissent Message on Visa Procedures re Public Charge SIP has again discussed your dissent message of September 13 with SCA We are informed that your views regarding the definition of a p blic charge under our visa procedures along with other views on this subject are now receiving the careful attention of senior officers in the Visa Office and in SCA This subject is an important item on the agenda at the consular conference now being held in Mexico and it is anticipated that policy recommendations on this subject will probably be developed following this meeting SIP accordingly believes that your wellreasoned views are receiving adequate attention in the policy consideration now under ay Although we expect that any final decisions on this subject will be made generally known we have in addition requested seA to apprise you of them when the current review is completed SIP would like to thank you for your interest and helpful assistance in regard to this important 'matter Clearances OFP - Mr Smi th P- j 'SCA - Mr Recknagel ' 49-- ' S P RBF nn vb x22456 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980156 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 • __ • ' - - - ' '- 1 foo - - ··· ' ·· 7 ' ' ' ' i _ -- - ' · 7•••_ t''''-' ---'-' ' '''' ''- '' -' i OEPARTMENT OF STATE DIVISION OF LANGUAGE SERVICES i' TRANSLATION 42439 ' n-·122 R-XXXIV French L NO i '1 ' E mASSY OF TIill REPUBLIC OF GABON IN THE UNITED STATES No 50404 AW Washington June 28 1974 - 1 St tes The Embassy of the Republic of Gabon in the United i of America presents its compliments to the Department 9£ State and has the honor to reiterate the extreme interest that its Government attaches to the immediate issuance of an export license for a McDonnell Douglas airplane no o1 being purchased from Seaboard u ' _ fV i i 't- b- 1' J I - 'hJ J the '''' ' - I This ai J' '-- ---'---' is intended for the --- Republic of Gabon as el1 perso al use of the President of q as for travel by official missions £ the '-1 f l • l'- Gabonese Government C - l DC8-63 GF This transportation at present is provided by the expe sive method of chartering flights on various airlines Air-Afrique I UTA Air Zaire ' etc j On numerous occasions th s m tter'has been broug t to the Department -- 1'1 of State's attention through'both the United States Embassy at Libreville and the Embassy o_f' the Repubiic of Gabon at Hashington Furthermo e a l ' pertinent documents were tr nsmitted in due time to the American authorities I' r Nonetheless no decision has been t_ak e so the President of the Republic of Gabon decided to send a plenipotentiary and extraordinary mission to the Department of State which the Ambassador of the Republic of Gabon I I had the honor to lead on Friday June 28 ' 1974 The exceptional nature of UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' · ' r ' - - ' ''' '' '''' '' ' -- - j l' ' 1' ' ·1 ' I -2- I ' '1 • this mission underlines the importance that the Chief of State and the Gabonese Government attach to a prompt solution indeed it should be pointed out 'that 1 On larch 20 1974 the Republic of Gabon represented by its Hinister of the· Economy and Finance signed the contract to purchase the aforesaid aircraft from Seaboard and immediately made a down payment of US$ 400 000 The American authorities Were advised of this transaction ' 2 Concurrently approaches w'ere made to the Export- Import Bank of the United States which offered the hope that a favorable decision would so n r l •·l ' r' be forthcoming 3 ' r l t I I f r IJ ' J f·v·' r v t '·' ' I · I ry4 L I- tl v' 1 0- p 'y J J- p - available 4 W' · · Furthermore the American financial establishments consulted by the uJv· 'Gabonese Republic stated that 'they -lould make the additional financing i 1 0 _ r ' ' I ' --- J ' pC· l' i v I' 1 ' t· fY' d 'V ' - v l t C t r'l r r At that t1me by letter of April 16 1974 the Presi dcnt of the Repubiic of Gabon transmitted all relevant infqrmation concerning the use and opera- tion of the aircraft to the President of the Export-Lnport Bank The 'United States Ambassador at Libreville was also informed I 5 During his visit to ·the United States during the same per od th · res J' e t t••f 't1 C-g t A ' f' u ' of the Republic of Gabon was informed of no potenf'ial objections or restric ·j ·l · I '1 A r - - ·r _ • L ' ' tions concerning the purchase of h e DC -63-CF Horeo Ycr a contract for v ' _ t -t J • I '- - l V 1 _' i J ' the pUrCh l3r of rl llcrculc's C-130 ' 1 '1S conclLlccd simult meously ith no d l ff - '- •••• I - li'- ' culty being raised Howev r the delay in issuing the export license for t e DC8-63·-CF implied that the American authorities might have certain reservations that had never been UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 - ' -- ' - ' JJ cl -v-k -3- i ev-F' V -cl t - j 1 J V V 6 J II ' V 0 -1' l J t I l£ the Gabonese Govern nent took the_ Jti tiat of --- j' AJ L 0 1v t communicating fully a11-7 k J l For that reason in order to avert any restrictive interpretation p -' documents 'establishing the total regularity of the transaction both ' • I economically and politically 1 ·r ' J l y t - ·· 1 On the economic leVel the conclusion of a technical management con- tract with UTA guarantees ' J ' a• i •• Suitable logistics since'UTA which is certified by the Federal · i Aviation Administration will prov ide industrial maintenance and supply train and supervise the trained b An crC -7S required on a permanent basis effort to ensure a sound rate of return by integration 'lith ' I J l the operations of the UTA-Ai r Afrique group both companies are members of '14 r f i JJ J '1-1'- I·1 r Co Harmonization ith the present air system 1 tA 7 I' ' ' iJ erN' ' ' Consequently there the International Air Trl lUsport Association and have a DCB fleet t A c- i1 1 would be no danger of disturbing its equilibrium through the introduction £ a potential outside the provisions of the Yaounde TrOeaty of which the Gabonese Government a found'ing member of Air-Afrique is a co-signatory 0 ' ' 2 ·On the political level the Gabone 3c Government stresses that'it infol'med w '1to J j r A AJ JMV-l jJ t A -- ' I • its fellow AfrlC'an Governments that are' members of the Organl zation of African Unity OAU and in that respect it produced both a letter frpm i _ • - 0 _1 ' -v'- 6--t l Ut -I0-1 •• ' ' il the DAU Secretary qC lcral E _oy' confirmed by a letter' frqm he ' ' Organization's 'Acting Presiden · General Gowon President of the Republic ' of Nigeria Ii Bott Jocuments clearly ' establish d - l' the unqualified approval' of this transaction • Furth ermdre the recent DAD meeting held in June 1974 at Hogadiscio • reconfirmed the total lbscnce of objections -- r' t i -r r J' 'w - I ' • 'I I I ' t fYv' v-'- • I UNCLASSIFIED U S ' De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 r 1 - -' jU '9 I J-r ' • ' ' 1V1 - e I r £ J ' ·1 l N ' f' • rlc'-' ·· I · • UN LTI 09 12 2017 F EDo U S Department of s l t e No F 201 O rj o G 17980161 Date ' ' j ' 4- As a founding member and partner of the multinational company l Air-Afrique as established by the yaounde Treaty the Gabonese Government saw in this transaccion an opportunity to p int up its att chment principles of inter-African solidarity and'therefore formally excluded any possibility of using the j' DC8 63-CF an to he publicly in contradiction to those l' 'principles ' ' 0 • ' ' ' J ' l jj - l· ' The Gabonese Government again states if necessary that in no event ill the DCB 63·CF be used in • different way that might somehow benefit anyone of the countries censured by the international organizations of which Gabon is a member such a s the OAU UN and CANO ik' Under these circmnstances the Gabonese Republic can only be surprised at the unexpectedly long period of time required to issue the export license 'esse tial for its purchase The hubassador of the Republic of Gabon takes pleasure however in • underscoring the quality of the bonds uniting the United tates of America I I lI ' anci Gabon Furthermore he notes that American enterprises have always met wit cordial' and understanding acceptance in his country with hose develop ent they are associated in many fields manganese mining petro ' leum prospecting general equip nent etc - • • f He is the 'J -i i' Repub ic n o that prompt approval could be given to the President of d ' - J y of Gabon concern ing the s 'lpply of a Her-cules C-130 aircraft and pleas d hopes that similar arrangeme ts ill If in the past undoubtedly permit the circumst ntial ediate delivery of the incidents at times have troubled the screnity of relations betwecn the United States of America and Gabon the two countries nonetheless remain united by the same trust in the free UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 Nt a d 4 441 I •••• -5 future of the Hestcrn ·10rld Ie would be most unfol·tunate therefore if a totally unjustified r lisuml ' rstanding -lere to alter this climate of mutual understanding and friendly cooperation prcfitablc to both countries Conveying the deep concern evidenced by the President of the Republic and the Gabonese Cover ent the Ambassador of Gabon therefore solemnly expresses the wish that the American authorities will not further delay in settling this matter and avails himself of this occas i on to renew to th e Department of State the assurances of his very high consideration ' Signature Embassy of he Republic of Gabon stamp - ' t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 RELEASE IN PART Ba MEMORANDUM C_-Linald TO FROM SUBJECT Bartholomew ActinJ D 5 Your Dissent Message of September Reg rding the Sale of a DC-8 to Gabon The purpose of this memorandum is to report to you whq t actions were' taken by SIP in r'esponse to your dissent message of September 15 Wi th Respect to th e Secretary - On September 16 Mr Swiers notified Mr Gompert of the Secretary's staff that SIP had received your draft dissent message and requested that if as' you expected AF recommended approval of the issuance of an export license for the sale of a DC-8 to Gabon he bring your draft dissent message to the Secretary's attention before the Secretary aC ted on the recommendation - On September 19 after receiving Apls Action lvlemo of September 16 Under Se retary sisco's office attached and forwarded to the Secretary Mr Djerejian's copy of your dissent messclge We understand that the Secretary read your di sent message before making his decision J - Although the Secretary had already 'acted on AF's memo before we received the final version of your dissent message we nonetheless fon arded it to the Secretary's office This final version waS returned to us on October 16 with the note that The Secretary has seen the attached dissent memo II SEeM' ' rtment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980163 Date 09 12 2017 86 JL_ u'uIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980163 Date - 09 12 2017 - 2 ' With Respect to Officials in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Commerce - In response to your request of September 24 to Mr Lord that the Department make your dissent message available to officials in the Export'Import Bank and the Department of Commerce SIP in consultation with AF and L decided that if it had not yet done so the Department should apprise the two agencies of your dissent message and invite them to se'nd officers 'to the Department to review it along with all other relevant documents We decided that these documents should not be sent to the agencies since they constituted internal working papers of the Department - Even before the above decisions had been taken Mr Keith Huffman of the Legal Adviser'S Office in accordance with a previous commitment to cooperate closely with the Export Import Bank had invited Mr John Lentz of the Export Import Bank to come to the Department to review his file on this matter Mr Lentz did so on September 27 Among the documents reviewed by Mr Lentz was your dissent memorandum of September 24 and the attachments to it - On October 2 Mr Huffman called Mr Morris Licht of the Department of Commerce to inform him that while the Secretary had decided to approve an export license for sale of the aircraft there had been some strong objection to this action in the Department that arguments against granting a license were recorded in a dissent message and that he or any other Department of Commerce official would be welcome to come to the Department to review this dissent message Noting that he was aware that the Department was not all of one mind lr regarding this sale Mr Licht said that a dissent memorandum would only be of historical interest since the Department of Commerce would be guided by the Secretary of State's dec is'ion Mr Licht asked however if Mr Huffman could forward to him a copy of the dissent message for his records with any restrictions the Department of state might wish to place on its distribution Mr Huffman said that he thought this might be possible Before Mr Huffman could pursue the matter however Mr Licht called back withdrawing his request for a copy of the message iiHii CH13'¥ IFIED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980163 Date 09 12 2017 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980163 Date 09 12 2017 3 SIP believes that the actions which were taken by SiP and in AF and L fully meet your request that the secretary and officials in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Comrn rce be promptly apprised of your dissent message so that they would be aware of the reasons why in your opinion they should not approve the issuance of an export license for the sale of the aircraft We are persuaded that insofar as the Department of state is concerned the Secretary Assistant Secretary Easum and officials in AF and L gave careful and thoughtful consideration throughout this case to the reserva ions raised by you and others in the Department Qui te clearly the secretary agreed with Assistant Secretary Easum and L that on the basis of the evidence and information available to the Department the issue of the legality of the sale turned on a judgment as to the likelihood of misuse of the aircraft SIP shares this view We wish to commend you for taking the initiative to bring your views to the attention of the Secretary If you think further action should be taken on your dissent message please let us know GSCR E'f IFIED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980163 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' i· --_ _ _w j __ _ 'W' ••• _ • w _ • • ••• 'O ·1· ·'GI blo · ' _ ' - •••••• - - - - - DE ARTMENT 7 ' 7i ' ff lii rN m' ' 7 ' R'£ au w w ••• - ' gl£ii OF STATE RMIR ARA EUR l 'A-195 s - cu· NEA I- ' 10 FBO 0 10 AGR o c- ' COM USIA FRB FROM Amembassy TAIPEI NSA DATE 10 17 74 Message Another View of US China Policy GROC's Options Regarding its International 5933 Status CHANNEL r Summary This airgrarn is submitted by FSO 6- Political Officer us Embassy Taipei and transmits a V dissenting view to Taipei 5933 entitled US China Policy and the GROC's bptions Regarding its Status 1I MajO r points of difference between the Embassy analysis andl· 186 were reported in Taipei 6 97 • I I ' ' with further US initiatives toward Peking and continuing ROC diplomatic decline the GROC could come to view its current policy of pragmatic acceptance of US China policy as a liability in its struggle to maintain itsel as a political entity Should Premier Chiang come to believe _ during the' process of US PRe t 'approchement that as sume¢ or explicit US ROC relationships will not be sufficiently reassuring to insure his position as the recogni e ' leader of a stahle Taiwan he is likely to declare' a separate status for Taiwan Such a declaration could range from minimal assertion of separate sovereignty to an outright dedlaFation of independ nqe from Chin The nature of the declaration coulq be heavily influenced by· our candor or lack o it in discus'sing post diplomatic relationships with Premier Chiang during the transition process In any case 'CCK might' vell dec la e that prospects for domestic stability and inte't rtational survival WOUld be improved by L a pre- ptive declaration and he might also use it in a Dt r ZZ· in 3 AU 97A E O 11652 XJ3DS-3 TAGS PFOR TW CH US Dissent and the Taipei DISSENT oso BECkEtt NObIS_ --------- ----'- f EEl-'l_G£'1' LilND G NDle ATOR - fit ji' Ht4E n gf S I He Department of state ·· r ' TO p E NO INR FOR RM USc ONL Y FOR OEPT USE ONL Y FORM -u Vrallea 1 11' DIn 05·323 I I CI earaace $ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 DOul UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 I - ' 'y ' • ' calculated Taipei A- 195 Page 2 ttempt to s b tag 'U RC relations Examining US optio ls th reporti ng officercon cludes that by allowing event to t their course the ROC could force the China' issue on us at a' ·'time and in terms of its choosing In practical terms we could be faced with a rather stark choice in Asia between standing our commitments or disavowing ' ' them and we might also be confronted with domestic debate disrupting the present consensus supporting US China'policy However an ROC declaration of separate status under controlled circumstances n ed not be detrimental to US interests A temporary divided state formula which rebuts neither the Shanghai' Communique nor the one-China principle could offer all ' parties less 'painful w ys of reconciling the realities than other foreseeable options Neither the PRC nor the'ROC would be forced to sacrifice a vital interest and such a formula might offer the best basi's' we could reasonably expect for reducing our commitments smoothly and achieving a balanced longer term Asian policy Since the possibility o an ROC declaration of separate juridical status during the ne t few years seems substant al we should consider disc ssions with Premier Chiang at some point during the conditioning process d scribed ref tel ' At ap appropriate time we would make clear our inte ion'ultimately to recognize Peking and our desire to achieve a formula in' which the' minimum price would 'be paid by all participants ' whiie emphasizing that the timing and substance of any ROC declaration must b fully coo r di nated ' i ' While any' pol'icy of' continuing support for the ROC is ·l tJ ei Y to hamper our relations with Peking for a while an inde j erminate separate status 'for Taiwan which is leas t @Pl rily' hostile to the PRC may 'offei greater poss'ihilities ' f or- a ' ' resoll ltion favorable to us--perhaps eventually tlirough negotiations 1 h n a declaration ol independence 0t separate sov reignty ·sprung ' ' 'upOn us by the ROC when we are not p -epared for it End Summary • I UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 •• UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 I 0' ' ' ' ' '0 Taipei Page 3 I BACKGROUND I - 195 FACTORS CCK MUST CONSIDER - 1971 AND NOW with the 'ROC so heavily dependent on the US 'as its principal ' tradi119 ' partner military guarantor and source of diplomatic support it is usual to assume hat the GROC will not upset US Ch na policy by declaring 'separate status for Taiwan Nevertheless' such thoughts were entertained within the Gl Oc 1971 ' and they probably will 'be enter ined again as I norma ization of US-PRC relations proceeds_ in' A llll In late 1971 a committee chaired by Minister without Portfolio George K C Yeh considered options for the ROC and entertained thought$about a declaration affecting Taiwan's juridical status by abju ring active claims to the mainland From what little we know of the deliberations the proposals· were rather cautious and so gained little acceptance The principal factors leading the GROC to eschew a declaration of separ te status ih'l97l seem to have been a fear that a traumatic policy break in the wake of the ROC's expUlsion from the UN would lead to capital flight domestic panic and perhaps insurmountable instability an assessment that undermining· the 'constitutional basis of mainlander rule on Taiwan--a virtualiy certain by-product of any separate status declarati n-­ could only accentuate domestic dangers c concern that the us would ake the position that the mutual defense treaty applied only to the ROC and not to a successor entity thus a separ ate status declaration could risk loss of the ROC's primary sour e of dip omatic and military support Cd President Chi ng' s personal aversion to ' any rno ficat ion 0 ROC' cla irns o ' be the legitimate government of 'all china -- e fear that' the PRe would move to preclude 'any change in Taiwanls status possibly employing military means in'the process ' - _ ' ' In SUll' ' Premier Chiang and other 'leaders prooably stayed with a policy line which accorded with us requirements because they' judged the dangers of any radical revision to be too great They apparently believed the ROC coulq not survive without the' US commitment and might survive if they could be maintained It was imperat'ive to avoid g lviryg the USG any pretext for disassociation from its commitments f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 - ' ' ' ' ' ' SBenf 'fz'Ne'S'IS Taipei A-l95 P ge B' 197'4 4' Domestic StabiI'ity IrnEerative for Survival • CCK's options in 1974 and the major factors affecting' his choices among the options have been dis ussed in ref tel Suffice it to reiterate here that the Premier's political survival depends most immediately upon maintaining domestic stability ' Severe domestic rumblings or a series of m jor foreign policy setbacks could spawn contention for power and constrict CCR's authority While economic performance is important Taiwan could probably weather a rather severe eco nomic downturn without instability if belief can be sustained that economic problems are caused' y fac ors beyond ROC control - Although incompetent economic performance is likely to erode domestic support for the CCR government a political decision to seek negotiations with the PRC--thus breaking the critical bonds holding the mainlander and Taiwanese communities together--would almost certainly destroy it In the final analysis if the premier should ever be faced with a clear choice between' los's of his leadership position and declaring Taiwan independence de facto or de jure his survival instincts probably would prevail over his concept of Chineseness ' ' II ' SECOND-GUESSING CCK ' S LIKELY CHOICES 'To say that CCK is unlikely to opt for 'negotiations with Peking for an outright declaration of 'Taiwan independenqe or for a Soviel connection does not--in bis opinion--mean' that he must perforce passively accept the movement of US policy and respond largely in accordance with its dictates ' At some point he could stop going' along with whatever' the US proposes - ' CCK vie ling the continuing US-PRe normalization process might conclude that --adherence to one China theory will move events toward one Chi a in fact ' --us postures or actions undermine the RO 'S abili y to maintain a minimally acceptable'internat' onal status --assumed or explicit arrangements for post 'diplomatic relations ith the US do not s'q fficiently assure his position as the recognized leader of a stable Taiwan Should US failure to r assure CCK during the orrnalization process lead him to these conclusions he could well chqose to' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2 6-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' Taipei A-l95 Page 5 abandon p re sent pragmati policies in favor of dec laring a new status for Taiwan Obviously he would be most strongly tempted t o do so f he saw as imminent US recogn t on of the PRe a s t h e ·sole legal government of China' ' At a · in imum CCK might 'see a status -d'eclarat on - as' a ' ay of sabotag ing US-PRC rapprochement while' enlisting pqpular'support ' domesticaLLy ·and in' th'e' US for self-detl r m nation II While he probably wou ld prefe r to avoid an outright --declaration' of Taiwan ndependence for much the same reasons'which obtained in 1971 he CQuld nevertheless 'confront the US with a declarationconsiderably more difficult ·for'the us·to handle than anticipated r e tel If CCK ·either opts for sabotage· or feels compelled by dome$ ic considerations to act he is likely to seek a formula tha t m aximizes the state of separation while not giving the US de jure grounds to renounce or abandon commitments Thus C could move to the half-way house of a 'lI one China two gov nments or IItwo states in one nationll position • S ch an announcement might declare that w ile China remains one nat ion t o governments exist as a result of historical forces 'each with a recognizably defined area of jurisdiction It would' calIon the US and the international community to recognize this reality as was done in the case of East and West Germany· CCI could argul that the US treaty commitment mad e a·fter the R epublic of China had effectively been confined in jurisdiction to the island of Taiwan and continued in 'effect after the U S had urged th lt b oth governments be represented in the United Nations was unchanged by ROC recognition of the unmistakab e· fact that it d d not exercise sovereign jurisdiction over the Mainland ' III r • ' TIMING FACTORS As noted above the decision to declare a new status ' for the ROC is most· unlikely· to be prompted by the sense knowledge that US recognition of the PRC is imminent But other factors also exist In o de of decr asing likelihood ' ·or'· i --The 1976 Up presidential elect on might be seen as an oPP9rtunity to bring the China-Taiwan iss fe' 'to head under the intense spotlight of a Pr esidential campaign ' 8Be flY2'He BIG UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' Taipei A-195 p ge 6 '--The death of President chiang might be seen'as setting 'the st'age 'for' an abrupt change of policy While CCK appe rs to De a' better strategist than' 'to link a new course solely to 'his' father's death the confluence of events could push him to take a decision which he ' ould feel must be faced sooner or later in any' case -A status declarat'ion 'might be seen as a way to hoid on to relations with·important Asian'neighbo s Geographic propinquity and' the' presence of a large overseas Chinese community make the Philippines for examp1e particularly important to the ROC Manila's recognition of' Peking' would be a'very severe psyc ological blow ' -In'the event that the GROC leadership does not have to face 'the juridical question before then the' l978 ROC Presidential election could be seen as the setting for such a dec 1a ation ' IV IMPLICATIONS FOR US POLICY Assuming the for'egoing analysis is correct and that the possibility of imminent'US diplomatic recog ition of Peking would lead' CCK to declare s' new status what are the options p n t the' US 1 Attempt to forestall such' a declaration and persuade the GROC to maintain the status quo ' This 'option' ' assUmes that' any declaration must necessarily be E lnbarrassing to US-PRC reiati ons and therefore is' inimical 'to 'our interests ' 2 Follow a course of action 'which subtly provokes the GROC into making such a declaration use the declaration as a reason o disavowing' our commitments and disengaging from Taiwan • t _ 3 ' Encourage the GROC to make a status declaration and take' a'hand in determining timing and content 4 i Allow events to take their course and deal with a declaration when and if it occurs A·t th at point we dan either use the declaratio as an excuse for cutting commi tments or ace ept the' new status quo UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 ' Taipei A-l95 Page 7 option ·No· ·1 _ Forestall A Advantages 1 ' B st pefdng iney i tably declaration • avoids damage to US-PRe relations since suspect US collusion in event of GROe ould 2 • Avoids domestic debate in US on issues like selfdetermination which could disrupt present consensus behind OS China poiicy in us 3 • Present vagueness of definition appears to operate interest • B Disadvantages· ' - -1 ' · GROe probably would demand additional commitments or reassurances as its price Complying would deep n our co itment while refusal to comply would heighten suspicions and perhaps hasten pr emptive declaration • ' ' '2 Use of threats to prevent a declaration probably would be'publicized by GROe ahd could'lead to' just the internal' deba te in ·the US we wish to avoid 3 Policy places us in position of having to actively preserve status quo despite Shanghai COmmunique position that we can acc pt an'y solution or no solution' at all or risk charges of bad' faith and damage to our relations with other countries ·· in Asia ' 4 The US might not be able to forestall a declaration in any case option No 2 Advantages 1 Provides a pretext for di engagement • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 U S Department of State ' ' Taipei A-l95 Page 8 D ' Disadvantages 1 'Probably incurs widespread damage to and good faith U c i ity 2 ' Likely to provo e serious ·political instalHlity' on Taiwan 'Situation might tempt PRC to use force to restore order 1 '3 Probably would stir vigorous and unhelpful' domestic debate in' us option No' ' 3 -' Encourage and Shape a Declar ation A Advantages 1 If a declaration is assumed to be inevitable • ' this option allows us to have it occur at'a time and to'assume a shape'which least damages'US interests 2 'A declaration'of separate status would be seen in us and internationally as basically in accordance with actual realities'_ ' '3 To degree t at Taiwan's continued separation from mainland accords with US strat gic interests and to degree formula can be found which least offends one-china principle US may be able to haye its cake' and' eat it too 4 'Would best satisfy aspiratio ns of 'people o f Taiwan and thus promote internal· political stability here ' Broad ' - -pop lar satisfaction could provide atmosphere in which'downgrading of official relations and substitution of non-tr eaty guarantees for present treaty commitment could take plac with relative smoothness' B Disadvantages 0' 1 Any dec aration risks PR charges of US collusion but this course mignt be-most provocative of all as far as PRC is concerned UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 I I ' Taipei A-195 p ge 2 Hay ng helped shape the eclaration US thereafter could be locked--as it is now--into special relationship with GROC to 'detriment of our· policy vis-a-vis Peking • ' Option No 4 Allow Events to Take Their Course A ' Adva tages 1 Best mai tains he Shanghai Oo unique position that us will neither-pm pose nor inhibit' solution of' Taiwan pr oblem but will leave matters ·to the Chinese theIt selves 2 Leaves further pptions open as·to whether we use a declaration as a pretext to cut commitments or work for broad acceptance of the new status quo B Disadvantages 1 Leaves open possibility GROC may choose a time and or a formula which wou d be maximally unhelpfu 2 US would have to make a rapid policy decision 'in the full glare of public'ity and domestic deb r e--and we would have to choose between acting counter to principle of selfdetermination and continued rapprochement with Peking with serious losses almost certain to ensue no matter what our choice v CONCLUSIONS The disadvantages inherent in the pi-ovocation · ·strat JY appear sufficient to rule out that option'without' further discussion To a lesser' extent the Stalling-options _ either forestalling an ROC declaration or dealing Wi thO ' lit whem it occurs embody the sa e 4i advantages • 'While the US mayl • njciy 'temporariiy increased flexibility 'ultimately it' will have to --Face increasing PR pressure f01 I progress 'on the Taiwan problem as the pri e for detente l s acceptance of' Pekingls price would be likely to impell the ROC to declare • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 I ' J' 0 t j - ' SflCR13' ' B3Z S Taipei A-195 Pag 19' --Deal' with the ROC as wel as the' PRe from a weaker position I the ROC concludes that acceptance of US policy Will not preserve its vital interests US' leverage which can be used to avert the pitfalls of an ROC surprise decla ation will vanish ' --Face possible PRC accusations that 'US policy insofar as it preserves Taiwan's separateness subverts the Shang ai ommunique 'This ice is likely to 'be paid regardless of 'the policy we pursue but perhaps we can reducie th tariff ' Thus the stalling options appear 'likely to eventually'bring us face' to face with most of the disadvantages of the provocation'option They are unlikely'to forestall an ROC declaration unless we are willing to pay the high price of continuing reiteration of' our present commitments- -which undoubtedly will hamper relations with peking It is 'not to US' advantage to allow matters' to drift-to the point where the ROC takes forcing action because of the risks vis-a'-vis' the PRC Japan and Asia inherent in any policy we pursue in that' high pressur scenario' Japan 'n particu t ar WQuld be likely to be quite insecure about its relations with he us 'and rn ght'move independently to develop its own military capability to compete in tl1e region ' These ri'sks will 'only 'be ' exacerbated' if the ROC opts for a declaration of independence or one which otherwise rebuts the principle of one China • Given the US interest in sustaining the momentum 'of rapprochement' with the PRe -events and the GROC's perception of its vital interests could bring us face to 'face' w ith the China question within the next two years Under' controlled circumstances an ROC declaration' 0'£ its status need not be d trimEmtal' to US interests A temporary II divided state formula Xll ch rebuts neither the Sh nghai Communique nor the' one China principle could be devised and could offer all parties less painful ways of reconciling the' realities than any of the other options Neither the PRC nor the ROC would e forced to definitively sacrifice a vital interest and such formula '90u1d offer the best basis we might reasonably expect for a balanced Asian -' policy over 'the longer term UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017' U UNCLASSIFIED Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 r ' 'f • t ' ' ' t Taip'ei A-195 page 11 Since it appears likely that the US will' ventually have to confront an ROC declaration affecting its juridical status we should'consid r discussions with premier Chiang at some point during the conditioning process described ref tel in which we would make clear our intention ultimately to recognize Peking that we want to achieve a formula by which the minimum price would be paid by all participants and that timing and 'substance of any ROC decla'ration must be fl llly coordinated p While any policy of continuing support for the ROC is ' likely to hamper our relations with Peking for a while an indeterminate separate status for Taiwan which is least openly hostile to the PRC offers greater possibilities for a resolution favorable to us--perhaps eventually through negotiations--than a declaration of independence o separate sovereignty sprung upon us by the ROC when we a e not prepared for it UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-20H -07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 co 641538 3 IED u s Department of State ACTION COpy PAGE··GI· ACTION SP-Cil2 Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415383 Date 10 11 2017 UHH1 Nt AShlSIF ntjfilS INCOMING DejJarl1nent oj' State TELEGRAM ' MANILA 17279 ill OF 02 2565 020418Z INFO OCT-01 ES-Cil ISO-00 004 W ------------------012129 R 020340Z NOV 77 FM AMEMBASSY MANILA TO SEC5TATE WASHOC 7283 RELEASE IN PART 020443Z 13 86 UNCLAS SECTION 1 OF 2 MANILA 17279 A DAC FOR ADMINISTRATOR GILLIGAN E O SUBJ 1652 N A AID DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE I THIS MESSAGE TRANSMITS AN 'AID DISSENT CHANNEL VIEWPOI T OF 2 DRAFTER OOC S NOT WISH TO RESTRICT DISTRI8UTION I I 86 3 -R'ECENT CABLE TRAFFIC ON PROJECTS UNDER THE OFFICE OF PROVINCIAL DEVELOPMENT IMPLIES THAT CENTRALIZED CONTROL OF PROJECT DEVELOPMC NT IS BEING INTENSIFIED IF AS ADMINISTRATOR AND OTHERS HAVE REPEATEDLY REPRESENTED AID VI DOES HAVE A POLICY DECENTRALIZING THE TIGHT CONTROL HERETOFORE ENJOYED BY AIO W THEN EITHER THE MESSAGE IS NOT GETTING PAST THE ADMINISTRATOR' S DO OR THERE HAVE BEEN SECOND THOUGHTS 4 CASE IN POINT STATE 251258 -WHe REIN PIO ON A FUND F OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT SENT TO AIO W IN MAY IS STILL BOTT EO UP BECAUSE ONE OFFICE HAS EXERCISED ITS VETO ASKING US TO SHUFFLE OUR FEET UNTIL SPECIFIC CONCERNS HAVE BEEN FORMULATED DRAFTER WHILE ON HOME LEAve IN JULY SPENT TWO WEEKS IN AIO W ANSWERiNG OUE STIONS ANO DISCUSSING PROJ ECT WHEN TV O SU8STANTI AL OUESTIONS WERE RAISED AT 'THE APAC MEETING THE DRAFTe R SACK HOME SPENT ANOTHe R WEe K WRITING REPLY AND WE ARE NO CLOSER TO DECISION CENTRALIZED CONTROL IS AGAIN THe WINNER WITH THE FIELD PROJECT MANAGER 80BSING A80UT LIKE PUPPET ON A STRING H Et Jrf -f- v CASE IN POINT STATe 283549 WHILE RAISING TWO SUBSTANTIVe ISSUe S ON REAL PROPERTY TAX PROJECT ONE AND DIRECTION IS CLEAR THE FIELD lS PEOPLED WITH PLEASANT aUT INCOMPETe NT GENERALISTS WHO NEED VERY' CLOSE SUPERVISION LEST THEY 00 SOMETHING IRRATIONAL ISSUES POP UP THAT SEEM TO 'COME OFF THE WALL SUT WHICH MUST BE ANSWERED RESEARCHED REFUTED AND RESTATED OR THE PROJECT FALLS THE ISSUE FOR EXAMPLE ON THE NEUTRAL 8ENEFITS OF THE TAX ARISES APPARENTlY FROM LACK OF UNDERSTANDING OF ECONOMICS OF PROPERTY TAX ITSELF WHILE OTHER QUESTIONS OEMEND ALMOST TO POINT OF HARASSMENT A RANGE OF DETAIL GUANTIFI CATro EVENT CONTROL AND PREDICTION THAT ARE NAIVE IN THEIR ASSERTION 5 AND DESTRUCTIVE IN THe rR NECESSITY 'HOW WE CAN RESPOND TO THESE DEMANDS FOR DETA L WHILE STILL ATTEMPTING CARRY ON THE WORK AT HAND RE-ENACTS CLASSIC DILEMMA OF CENTRALIZED CONTROL VERSUS FIELD _OP RATION IN WHICH ONLY CENTRALIZERS WIN CA6LE AP EARS TO HAVE MADE USUAL ROUND OF SIGN-OFFS REOUIRING EACH OFFICE TAKE A GOOD HARD SWING THUS SHOWING THEMSELVES TO Be ALERT IMAGINAT1 VE AND HARO NOSEO THIS PERFORMANce NEARLY DUPLICATES SUPERLATIVe J08 OF LAST YEAR STATE 297439 ON RURAL SERVICE CENTER PROJECT IN WHICH THERE WERe 21 SIGN-OFFS AND 21 QUESTIONS UNCLASSIFIEO UNCLASSIFIED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415383 Date 10 11 2017 co 641538 TIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415383 Date 10 11 2017 fl TI ON lHHll J II j I l I l W g Hj ttl INCOMING ' ' Ati UN CLAS S'I FIE D TELEGRAM COpy Departnlent of State PAGE 01 ACTION SP-riI2 MANILA 17279 02 OF 02 020421Z INF'O OCT-rill ES-01 150-0' 0ri14 W ------------------072191 R 020340z NOV 77 PM AMEMBASSY MANILA TO SECSTATE WASHoe 7284 2567 0204452 73 UNCLAS SECTION 2 OF 2 MANILA 17279 6 AID W HAS PUSHED QUANTIFICATION TO A LIMIT UNJUSTIFIED IN ITS VALUE AND DEBIL ITATING IN ITS RESULTS WE ARE AFTER ALL WORKING IN AREAS WHERE THE GATHERING OF STATISTICS AND THE KEEPING OF VERIFIABLE RECORDS IS A LONG WAY FROM PERFECTION DEMANDED BY AID W OUR WORK OF NECESSITY IS BASED ON LIMITED OFTEN CONFLICTING SET OF DATA INFORMED BY OUR oeSERVAilONS EXPERIENCE ANO EVALUATIONS AND THE MORE FIGURES WE SEND TO AID W THE MORE WE ARE DUNNED BECAUSE SOMETHING IS MISSING THE INVOLVED COMPLICATED AND DISTORTING PROGRAM PROCESS UNDER WHICH WE WORK COUPLED WITH CENTRALIZED DEMAND FOR REFINED DATA AND MORE PREDICTIVE MODELS COMPOUNDS THE PROCESS AND TURNS PROJECT MANAGERS AND TECHNICIANS INTO DATA CLERKS AND INTERPOLATORS A REVIEW 6F STATE 251470 EVIDENCES THIS SEEMINGLY INSATIABLE DEMANDS FOR OUANTI- FICATION 7 CONTROL AND PREDICTIVE MECHANISMS THE RISE IN HARASSING CABLE TRAFF IC FROM AID W ONSPECIFIC PHILIPINE PROJe CTS FLAG IN MY MIND AT LEAST A DEEPER INTENTION OF AID W TO GO AFTER PHILIPPINE PROGRA IF THISYOUR INTENT WHY NOT APPROACH IT AS MATTER OF OLICY INSTEAD OF KICKING THE PROJCTS AROUND AS THOUGH WE WERE PARTIES TO A FRATERNITY HAZiNG IF YOU MUST REDUCE OVERALL COMMITMENTS DIRECTLY AND LET THE MIssiON PROCEED ON PROJECT BY PROJECT BASIS THE HARASSMENT THE PROFESSIONAL DEBASEMENT AND NEGATIVE CLIMATE CREATED IN PROJECT MANGERS AND TECHNICIANS BY WAY OF PRESENT PROCESS NOT WORTH TH CANDLE IF YOU ARE SERIOUS ASOUT DECENTRALIZATION OPERATIONS THEN 8 ABOUT ENHANCING FIELD A REORGANIZE THE BUREAUS TO REOUCE CLEARANCE PROCESS B ELIMINIATE RULE OF COMPLETE UNANIMITY WHERE ONE WITHHELD SIGN-OFF CAN VETO PROJECT OR THE ACTIO C RULE OUT GADLFY QUESTIONNAIRE BY WHICH EVERY QUESTION THAT COMES OFF THE WALL IS INCLUDED IN OUTGOING CABLE D AMELIORATE RAVAGES OF QUANTIFICATION BY INSTITUTING SELECTIVE CRITERIA BASE FOR INCLUSlON IN PIO'S AND PP'S E REVAMP INDIVIDUAL MISSION POLICY BY ESTABLISHING COUNTRY LEVELS THROUGH MISSION OBJECTIVES INSTEAD OF DOING IT THROUGH SELECTIVE BADGERING OF INDIVIDUAL PROJECTS F GIVE uS CLEARER DIRECTIONS ON HUMAN RIGHTS THE POOR' MAJORITY PARTICIPATION ETC AS THESE TRANSLATE IN DELINEATION OF BENEFICIARIES AND PROJECT DESIGN STULL UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415383 Date 10 11 2017 co 641542 5 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415425 Date 10 11 2017 1 'oJ _ • _ liNCl P SS I i to D jJo rtlnenl STAH f GIN ft I J - 1S ' ' -' i Ii F 0 0 CT- 0 i • _ OUTGO IJG TELEGRMli 267L 3 3 i 1D RELEASE IN PART 86 I 0 I 9 I 0 Stnlp Y' J R DRAfTED BY A AID GAWING PRJ APPROVED BY A AID Gp WING DESIRED DISTRIBUTION IG ACTION AAID CHROM 48 INFO 4ASI ES SER ISP eASIA ------------------605614 o 081916Z OB1946Z 53 NOV 77 FM-SECSTATE WASHOe TO AMEMBASSY MANILA IMMEDIATE UNCLAS STATE 267203 AIDAC E O fOR MR 11652 PETER CODY NIP TAG S SUBJECT I DISSENT CHANNEL - B6 I '--_----oJ B6 I WA S DIS SEN T CHAN NEL 5 ENT NOT REeEl VED HER E A5 OF 11-08-77 PLEASE ADVISE VANCE' 'J ' j UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State 9_ase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415425 Date 10 11 2017 co 641557 TIED f- - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415577 Date 10 11 2017 - - RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPA RT ENT OF SifATE Washlncrlon D C 0520 March 43 1977 MEMORANDUM TO FROl-f SUBJECT AtDjASIAjPT - L I_ _ _ _ _ _ _----- JI· SjP - 86 A thon Dissent Channel Message elations with Vietnam Normalization of Steps Along the triTay This will acknowledge the ·receipt of your dissent paper on normalization of relations with Vietnam Douglas Pike of the Pelicy Planning Staff has been named coo dinator in charge of a substant'ive reply In accordance with the stipulated distribut on for dissent messages your paper has been circulated to the O ffices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy Pla ning Staff and the Chairman of the Open Forum in addition to the Assistant Secretaries for East Asian Affairs and Economic and BusinesS Affairs and the Director of AID We commend your 'use of the dissent channel and Will repiy'as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064155Tl Oate -foi'1172017 CO 6416921 IED u s Department of StateCase No -F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416921 Date 10 11 2017 SUMMARY The credibility of the whole US ILO exercise has been weakened • l by our silently accepting an Arab drafted letter on the 1974 resoltltioni 2 by our g i g along with moderate ArabJ decisiqn to give in to radical pr es ure 3 by' our going along with Blanchard wh n he reversed himself for th fo rth time in response to Arab pressure and by our ' making a secre bargain with him instead of-our standing 'firm - ano letting him bear full responsibility for his failure to stand firm 4 and 'by Our linking the issues of Arab Israeli and Arti '17 negotiations with Blanchard and the Arabs on the letter and in the USREP's statements in 'Selections Committ e urging delay on Article 17 until th1Arab Israel issue was settled II Ir I dissent f om th9P partm nt's preliminary assessment that this outcome was a success If the Dept now rece ving more complete reports on the outcome changes its view to take into account the losses described above nd·therefore concludes that this was not a ucess then the purpose' of' my' dissent has been a·ccomplished · I ask that I be informed of action taken on this dissent message by letter to me at the US MIssion in Geneva with copy to my office in Washington I i II I' II 1 I I r UNCL S·SIFIED 4 U S Department of State Case No F-'2016-07743 Doc No C06416921 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 700 81E 9 ' 'l D c rt j ' ate-Case-No f-i016-07743 -Ooc No 'CO 417008 Date 10 11 2017 I t'T 1 jAi FO 'lM 1· S OCR' 1i1i·7 p D p1 - - - ' ' ' ' - - - - - ' - _ • cJ S l1t· r l# 4J t -' ' ' · 'M« 'n ni ' -- ' 'Vt oI4OQ - '4 i r 'r J ' 'f - ' p ' '-' ' ' ' ' '- l I ' - I' 01· 'Y-V J I - - - r 'k' i I _ '-t ' 'i r · # rA N' m t w p -•• VI '- l I·rl1 T 1 • E D O f·F I E-I·A c· US E- a ·O i 'W ' _ t ''''' '''''' ''• ·· ·· d ir i l o rt lo 'f'o ' t'I St t A rH i 'E •• t C JA Jf at ' ·r r f' Iofl -tl · t'- t1 ' •• r% l ' ' ' Jr ' ' ''' '''''' ' p ifJI- fARRINGTON Cl r ARf nc E O 11652 TAGS PfOR FR PINT PGOV SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE fRENCH LEfT USG RELATIONS WITH THE 1 THis WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MtSSAGE ON USG RELATIONS WI H THE FRE CH LEFT ANTON DEPORTt ot T E POLICY PLANN NG STAFF WILL BE COORDINATING A SUBSTANTIY-E REPL Y IN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL PRACTICES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OffICES OF THt SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SEC ETARV FOR EURO EAN AfFAiRS • WE COMAEND YOU ON YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS P6ssisLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED YY 6 7--'-' -- - s • • 501S5·10l - · - r ·'- -O n ' -·- ·-r -' rr 1 -' ' · '''-'''O ' 'r ''''''''''''''''''''' '-- '''''''''''''''''' ' ' - - r --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc i 9g6417008 Date 10 11 2017 Ii I _ _ _ _-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431078 Date 11 13 2017 B6 I I 'RELEASE PART 86 L -_ _- J aJ JEd lt 1-v IN LHU'I'EQ OFFICIAL Y6E £I DEPARTMENT OF STATE WashingtOn D C 20520 DISSENT CHANNEL I O n 1 t e d S ta t e s I n f o r m ation B6 Service American Embassy Mexico D F Mexico Dearl __________ I I B6 1 You will already have seen that the Department issued a statement c utioning Americans about the dangers of traveling in Sinaloa Although issuing a statement was already under consideration when your dissent message arrived your telegram provided an important and useful catalyst in focusing the process I want to thank you for submitting it and commend you for taking this initiative For your information the warning was also passed to the Immigration and Naturalization Service on December 31 who in turn passed it on to customs and immigration posts all along the US-Mexican border The American Automobile Association had already been briefed along the lines of the release We obviously will never know whether this announce-· ment has saved peoples' lives or property but in a case such as this we must make every effort to protect our citizens I am 'grateful to you for helping us do the job better 't Very truly yours Drafted S P TP ton vb x21744 7i2 77 Clearances CA - Mr Walentynowicz in draft ARA - Mr Luers in draft S P-OFP - Mr Boyer in draft LHH'f' SB OFFICIAL USE --_ _--- ---UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C se No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431078 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431090 Date 11 13 2017 j DEPARTMENT OF STATE W4Shrngton D C 20520 January S 1978 MEMORANDUM TO L S IG -'AmQassador'Yost ARA LA CAR - Mr Ashley Hewitt OFP Mr Douglas Kinney FROM PER G - Frederick Sm th Jr SUBJECT Request for Department Records Relating to Bridgetown ltJi th reference to our telephone conversation this afternoon attached is a copy of the letter requesting certain Department documents Attachment As stated UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431090 Date 11113 2017 - Doc No C06431366 Date 11 13 2017 - February 17 1976 • -b1 FROM SiP - Reginald BartholomevNti7 SUBJECT Dissent Message American Policy and Italy - A Critique This will acknowledge the receipt of your dissent paper on the Department's policies on Italy Mr Anton DePorte of the Policy Planning Staff has been named coordinator in charge of a substantive reply In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your paper has been circulated to the offices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Chairperson of the Open Forum Panel • We commend your use of the dissent channel al d will reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted • ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No E -2016-07743 Doc No C06431366 Date 11 13 2017 86 · ' 'LiNCLASSIFIEP f ' C1IQ i IIiFO $ Department l ' 'r z · tn · of Stat Case No ' F'-20'16-oi743 2 1 l o l1 12H D£r r rt u n 'lTlJtri Ii u L r E It · H Ii I'li I I ' U I1ltf-i T 1 1 Ie H r' I i C f'i lC ' r J £ -01 I G-JJ sso·ro I 'i' I __ - ' - • ·· ulM ll III lC l nllil I OCT 71 lr' f' f I ¥ SE li j i q 1C Ir I r 1 Z I I ' - -t to'11''' ''t ' 'No C06431619' bate '11 13 2017 811 l fl C · I 'Doc I t j I J C ·I 1 ' jr i li'E l •• RELEASE IN PART ' I L ' ' 86 II fi 1 J I I rr rLH r nL' ' illJ F - ' ' II · r·t l f i iUi I il t ' ' ' C ll 0 ti j'W i TO 'U'i iC PJ i· i 't I· I t f rSll li Ct f tHi H Tlfl l t I r ' r r r ' ' · f tiT iii t t r·i'Ia u rJ'i ' I' li I l f 1 F l ' FIi · crw C nll Ul OUt'i - I t If DOE la ''Jr H I tt h J r Q- rl tunlh rr i' ' i t ' IS L l $ i ' Ii ' 1 1 10 ct Cti l Ij t il ' C I ' ty l lt i _ L J Y Pi r I C ' I tH I I C os AfflfJ'$ Pntf' IS t F · ' l' ' I r c t T c r C C ' Sf li LfE 'ES Hlr T rCl' ITI L r I c 'r' 'm if'S hOlLin' TIJ Sif ill· li il lAl U i r lJiiHHS to c ' fn E f r hK J' r lWT CUT ' J H UIl' fl i 'f Tllhl lllt L ' £ 1 1 ·RIl'S li 'i iii thili i itICk Olter H Il r tPi ' llf'i'O T rf ' it £ U G U iJ SUtj i' 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431619 Date '11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431529 Date 12 11 2017 INCOMING Depar11nent Of Sta te PAGE OJ SAlmA 99018 2226 -' SAl Till GSDIS D4I6111 RELEASE IN PART 86 'TELEGRAM D41BIlZ ACTlOW fllFO OCI-OJ ES-DI ISO-OO SSO-OB Ifi04 I ------------------nm12 G4i821Z 170 o u msz 11O 71 fn AHEIIBASSY SAlITl GO TO SECSIAl IIAsaoc IIIAcr II1HEDIATE 3 e' ALI EAD TAKEn BY lOUR GOV£RIIHEIIl TO SAFEGUARD AIID PRONOTE HUMn ItlGUTS I SIlIC£RElY HOPE -THAT IT IIlll BE POSSIBLE TO UIIDERlAKE FURTK£R IIIITIAlIVES III tHE UEAR fUTURE AnD THAT cimE IIIlt SOD I lAKE ITS RIGRIrUL PLACE MAW AMOU tHE IlAlIOUS THAT HAVE rUlH COIlSTlTUTlOnAl PARTICIPATORY D IIDCRACIES Enn QUOlE 7Jl 2 6 SWGED E T SAtlTlAGO 5UI I BOYAll 01 SSEUT CRA WElIII II I11111111I111111 1111111 Eo o n6$ GOS TAGS CI SNU 1 SUBJECT DISSElIT IIcSSAGE A£ORAFtiNG or CARIER PIlIOCHET LEifER TillS HESSAGE TRArlS HTS A U SSEflT ClIA l IEL VIEI POIIIT REF STATE Z623gS REQUESTED DISTRlaUTIOll ARR AIIO lise 1 THE UIIDERSIGIIEO StUEVE tHIlT TRAIlSHiTTAl TD PRESIDEIiT PIIlOCHET OF THE LETTER FRON PRESIDtllT CARTER REFfEll 1iDULO IlEEDL£SSL Y PREJUDICE REAL HUHAtl RIGHTS IIIPROYEHEIII HI CHIlE ACCORDIIIGL Y II PROPOSE THAT IT BE REDRAfTED TO TARE IIITO AccounT THE CHROIiDlOGY Dt EVElns nURllIG tals lEEK AlID TO CLARIFY THAT THE US DOES 1I0T IIITEflD to IHPOSE A SPECIFIC POl ITICAL STRUCTURE 011 CHILE • • 2 DBJECTHlH 1 OU flOVENBER 3 THE GOC AIlIIOUIICEO THAT nlnA CIIi HEAD MAf UEl COI TRERAS MOULD BE REPLACE BY RETIRED ARMY GEIIERJll MElIA III O HAY HAVE SEEIl FeRCED IIITD RElIREflWT III DtTOCER ISH BECAUSE OF illS OPPOSITIDIIIO THW-OIIIA'S AOOSES O lIlDVEHBER 4 PRESIDE IT PIUOCHET TOLD US COIIFIOEflTIAllY THAT HE PLA UfEIl TO COMMUTE THE SENTEIICts OF PEIIDItIG DL 5D4 CASES AUO SPEED UP THE PROCESSIUG OF THOSE IN TRIAL 3_ THE CARTER P1I10CHET LETTER 8EARS THE DAlE OCTOBER 31 DHCE THAT LETTER SECOMES PUBLIC Ilt ID liE ARE SORE THAT 11 1I1tll PIIIOCHET 1I1ll BE SEEil TO HAVE HEEfl REACTIIIG TO THIS USG PRESSURE PlI10CHET IIILt CERTAIIlL Y COMPREKEJlD HIS SITUATIon AS sonll AS HE RECEIVES THE tETTER -- 1I1TH UUFORETOID COtISrQU£lltES TO HIS STill PRIVATE DECISIOll 011 THE PRISOllER REUASE AIIO 1I0RSf IIIiK THE OllG'RUJI FEn I IG THAT HE HAD 8EEII VICTlM'ZEn BY PRESIOWl CARTER ACCOROIJIGtY if SELIEVE iHE LETTER SHOULD BE R DRArIED III KllOlilEDGE THAT TH Goe rOOK MID liAS FLAIIHII1G TO TAKE THE AFOREH llTlO lED STEPS PARA 5 COIITAIIIS SUGGESTElI WORDIIIG 4 OBJECTIOn 2 AS 11011 D AFTED IH THIRD PARAG llPn OF IHE lEHER SPEAKS OF THE llEED TO RESTORE IHE DEHOCRATIC TRADltlOU' III CKIU III THE CHllEAtI COllT£XT IT HAS A VERY SPECIFIC H£AtIlIlG A IIEPlICATIOll OF THE POLITICAL ST VClURE E1 ISTIIlG PRIOR TO THE 19'3 COUP I1EITHER THE Goe nOR FUTURE HISHlRIAtlS ARE LIKElY TO IIlTERrlln TH I 5 SElITEIlCE AS IIR' THII TO MEAlI OTHeR THAll An APHWI SlRAT I 011 ATTEMPT TO IMPost l SP£C Inc POUTI CIAl STRUcruRE III HILE fURTHERMORE THE HIL ITARY HAS AS A PASIC TEUET IIlSISTEO THAT IT 1I0ULD IIOT RESTORE THE OLD SYSTEM EVEII SON£ OEMDCRATIC CRITICS OF THE REGIME URGE SIG1UFICAIIT UlSTITUTIO lAl CHAIIGES BY HAKIIlG RESTORATlOU l SlUe QUA 11011 tOR IUPJlOVED RElATIOIIS liE I Ill HAVE mECTlVELY EUtllI AlEO OUR lEVrRAG£ Oll THE lioc FOR PROGRESSIVE CHAIlGES THE EVE lTUAl OUlCOI1E Of III ICH HEITHER II 1I0R THt Goe CAH PREDJCT AT THIS liNE PARA S IIICDRPORATES HORE APPROPRIATE 1I0 OIllG S II URGE REPLACIIIG EX1$tWG PARA J OF m T OF R l'l£l IIlTH 9UOT£ AS I 1I01£D OUR IIlG OUR COllVERSAHon HUHAII RIGHTS COIISIOEHATIOIIS REHAW lRE lAJOR OBSTACLE TO RESTORATJOII OF THE TRADITIIllIAL Y CLOSE REtATlOJIS BETIIE II THE UIlITED STATES AtID CHilE I EARtlESTlY HOPE SUCH fRIEilOLY AltD 'CLOSE RElA IOIiS CAlI GRADUALLY B REESUBLISHED BETII ElI OU TlIO tOUJlTRIES I APPRECIATE THE STEPJO UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431529 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445707 Date 12 11 2017 6 r - • TELEGRAM Department of State IRELEASE IN PART 861 eeNF BENTXAL PAGE 01 STATE 5542 148081 62 ORIGIN SS-G 5 INFO OCT-0 ISO-00 SSO-00 NSCE-00 102 R DRAFTED BY EA LCIJDROSENTHALIEBS BY EA· RHMILLER EA L • MKHUNTINGTON CDRAFT S S O Ma TANNER APP OVEO _- o 200048% 1I J6577 JUK 75 FM SECSTATEWASHDC L TO AME MBASSY VIENTIANE IMMEDIATE INFO AMEMB4SSY BANGKOK IMMEDIATE c e N FIB EN' A L' STATE 146081 EXDIS EaO a U6B21 TAGSI GOS MASS LA SUBJECT I HILITARV RICE POR LAOS R FSI B ell DII A VIENTIANE 4372 BANGKOK 11686 STATE 143 50 BANGKOK 11478 BANGKOK F O R I 86 I RECOGNIZE ARGUMENTS NOTED PARA 2 REF A ANO AGREE THAT CUTOPF RICE DELIVERIES SHOULD BE UNDERTAKEN IN A WAY AS CONSISTENT AS POSSIBLE WITH MAINTENANC OF MISSION ANO SAFETY OF REMAINING PERSONN L II AT SAME TIME IN LIGHT OF CONGR SSIONAL FEELING HERE AND DECISION TO TERMINAT E MAP AS OF JUNE 0 WE DO NOT BELIEVE WE CAN JUSTIFY COMMITTING EVEN REMAINING 'Y 78 FUNDS TO SUSTAIN PROGRAMS SUPSTANTIA LV PE¥OND THAT DATE NOT TO BE REPRODUCED - - - - - - _ - WITHOU'8ftf lM IZATION --------- --- - - - - - - ---- -- OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETA RY -- ____ •• _n _ _ _ ________ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445707 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445707 Date 12 11 2017 E Department of State X TELEGRAM 'SElNFI9ENTIAL PAGE 2 ·S fA t'E 145081 BEFORE WE 'CAN DECIDE THIS MATTER HOWEVER URGENTLY NEED YOUR ANSWERS TO FOL LOWING I '2 8 A WHEN WILL PRESENT MAP RICE STOCKS AND FINAL 'DELIVERIES UNDER CURRENT CONTRACT RUN O Tg AND WHEN WOULD DELIVER1ES OF ANY NEw PURCHASES BEGIN TO ARRIVE IN LAOS' 'B WHAT DO YOU ANTICIPATE WILL' BE SPECIFtepOLtTleAL AND ECONOMIC EFFECT OF CUTOFF INCLUDING EFfECT ON PGNU AND FAR ATTITUDES TOWARD MISSION AND USG IN GENE AL' • 'C IF DECISION IS NOT- TO CONTRACT FOR MORE- RICE WHEN IN YOUR PINI0N SHOULD WE 'XNFORM LAO OF THIS DECtS ON1 D IF 'P ERIOD 4 8DN NEL LEVEL DELIVERIES WERE TO BE CONTINUED FOR SOME 'MINIMAL BEYOND JUNE 30 IN ORDER· TO SAFEGUARD U S PER · DURING AND XMMEDIATELY' AFTER DRAW DOWN TO MINIMUM WHAT DO YOU BELIEVE fHIS PERlOD SHOU D BE POR I J COUI D' CONTR'ACT BE NEGOTIATED BY 'JUNE' FOR LESS 'THAN AMOUNT NOrED REF Of KISS'INGER r3 • 30 't SSN'19ENTIA NOT TO BE REPROD1JCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORI TION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445707 Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445817 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 861 Dear Mr Lord I QPpreciate your cernments en my dissent paper Qnd will try to implement them If however the Secretary sheul i decide the issue befGre my revised revisiGn arrives I think the Sept l9 version Qbout five pages ·makes most of the major points Since the AF position paper is censfderably langer I hope a dissent will be deserving af equQl attention Qnd therefore my final dissent paper may exceed the two pages you suggest Sincerely 1 86 CC M r Djerejian '- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445817 Date 12 11 2017 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446189 Date 12 11 2017 It - 7 « c i' ' • t' k t' •• err t Depart111ent Of Stat PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 STATE OCT-Gl IS0-00 l FO C •• OUTGOING TELEGRAM UNCLASSIFIED ' I - ' 'II - ' '-'- RELEASE IN PART 86 • 411 197 0552'H A-a1 SS 15 ONY-B0 019 R 'DRAFTED BY S P MACASEY APPROVED BY S P ALAKE M - PKENNEDY P RJHARRINGTON A - RFALK P OKINNEY DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P M A ONLY I1 I41416Z 14 ------------ -----116774 R 32053Z MAR 78 FM SECSTA E wASHoe TO AM MaASSY SANTIAGO - I -' UNCLAS STATE 055201 1'1652 E O TAGS AGEN ASCH SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON POLICY ON ADEOUACY' OF OVERSEAS SCHOOLS REF SANTIAGO 1223 77 STATE FOR '- -_---'1 AND I THANK YOU FOR YOUR MESSAGE ON THE DEPARTMENT'S L I_ _ _ 86 ---'I FROM S P - LAKE OVERSEAS SCHOOL POLICY SINCE YOUR D'ISSENT CONCERNS AOMINISTRATIVE POLICY I HAVE ASKED THE OFFIOE OF THE IN DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT CONJUNCTION WITH THE BUREAU OF ADMINISTRATION TO REPLY TO THE QUESTIONS ' YOU HAVE RAISE'D IN ADDITI lN TO THE DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT AND THE ASS STANT SECRETARY FOR ADMINISTRATION COPIES OF YOUR EDUCATIONAL AND THE FOLLOWING HAVE ALSO TELEGRA C LTURAL THE A SISTANT AFFAIRS ADMINISTRATOR FOR PROGRJAM AND OPEN FORUM ' RECEtV D SECRETARY FOR UNCLASS THE AID ASSISTANT ANAGEMENT SERVI ES · THE AND THE 'AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION AND THE FAMILY LIAISON OFFICE CHRISTOPHER - ' UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446189 Date 12 11 2017 q UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471297 Date 01 11 2018 - - ------- _----- _ - -- - ---_ - ---- -----------'-- ---------- ---- of State LIMITEO OFFICIAL USE PAGE I BANGKO TELEGRAM 549 272352Z 057 7 62 ACTION SS-14 INFO OCT 01 1015 01 002685 R 260901Z APR 72 FM A EMBASSY BANGKOK TO SF-CSTATE WASHOC 2923 L'l tTEO OFFICIAL c 0 USE BANGKOK R C TEO 'C 0 P Y 5767 fRAISE CLASSlrICATION TO LiMITED OFFICIAL USE PER R PE ERSON siRC USOM BANGKOK DISSENT CHANNEL Sv8JI STATEMENT OF OPPOSITION TO THE BOMBING OF HAIPHONG THIS CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTED BY I I I OFFICE OF FIELD OPERATIONS i '----E ECUTIVE ASSISTANT Tb 'THE DIREOTOR I OFFitE OF' p 'OGRAM I OFF I CE OF PROGRAM AND •I OFFICE OF FYELO OPERATIONSo 2· i THE AROve-MENTIONEO U ITEO STATES FOREIGN SERvrtE RESERVE O FrrERS CURRENTLY SERVING ITH THe AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IUSDH IN THArLA D HEREiN FORMALLY REGIS ER 00R OPP0SlTION Tn THE RECENT' MILITARy ACTION TAKEN BY THE UNITED STATES A041NST THE DEMOCRATIt REPUeLIC OF VIETNAM 30 w HAVE CHOSEN T IS MENTHOD TO COMMUNIc TE OUR DISAPPROV L AS IT REPRSSENTS THe SQLE QrFICIALLY SANCTIONED FORUM FOR 'FOREIGN Sf V CE EMPLOYEES TO EXPRFSS THEIR DISSENT AND BECAUSE WE CO 5rDER ANY UNRESTRATNEO PUBLIC CRITICISM ON OUR PART EiTHER E NALLY OR T ROUGH THE NEWS MEDIA AS SERVING NO USEFUL PURPOSE £VERY r ONCEIVA8LE ARGUMENT' FOR OR AGAINST THE WAR HA jNG LO SINCE DEEM M A D E ' ' P -' r c i 'l WE ReGARD THE AIR ATTACKS AGAINST FUEL AND OTHER STORAGE - LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - - _ ••• ' - • - •• • •• - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471297 Date 01 11 2018 J B6 I B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471297 Date 01 11 2018 ------- -- -- ----------------' Department of State TELEGRAM LIMITED OFF1CIAL USE P GE 03 8ANGKO 05767 72352Z EHIND THE NARROW I MI iTARY nOMINATED OPTioNS WHI H WERE CONSIDERED THE ONLY VALID ONES DURING THE 1960'S IF NEW OPTIONS AR TO 8E CONSIDEREPI WE cONSIDER IT ESSENTIAL THAT wE NOT iLLow OURSELVES TO 6E TEMPTED TO USE THE OLD AND EASILY AVAILABLE E £DIENTS lAS WE DID IN THE BOMBING UNTIL WE HAVE EXHAusfED 11t OTHER MEANS UIII LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471297 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471759 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 October 3 1972 Mr I 86 l702' B u r n eY A v e n u e -- Charlottesville Virginia 22903 Dear r 86 L I _ _- - - - - ' Thank you for your letter of September 16 concerning the' Limited Official Use administrative designation of two airgram submitted by you to the Department through the Dissent Channel on July 17 and 21 of this year As I informed you in my letter of July 28 the Limited 0fficial Use designation of these messages will be maintained beyond August 1 1972 The legal justification for this acti9n s found in 5 FAM 951 and 952 3 a copy of which is enclosed • In the view of this office which '1as the recipient of the messages in question the material contained therein warranted the retention of its original administrative control designation Although information relating to the existence of and operation of the Dissent Channel is unclassified the channel itself is not intended as a public forum to which unlimited access is permitted On the contrary it reflects the privileged relationship bet een those who use it and the most senior officers of the Department ana provides at outlet for the free expression of views within'this framework The State Department's security regulations specify that information re ceived through privileged sources is material which should be administratively controlled 5 FAl-1 952 1 • I enclose also a copy of t ese regulations I hope this will help to clarify the matter Sincerely 'yours Signed William J Cargo William I Cargo Director Planning and Coordination Staff' Enclosures As stated Clearances Drafted S PC BGrove L M HShamwell jk 10 3 72 x21140 H - Mr Prentice M - Mr Gammon SY - l-ir Shea SIS - Mr Miller UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471759 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472153 Date 01 11 2018 -- -- L --_ - • RELEASE IN PART _ - - Department of State 1--- 86--- ------ - 1 LIMITED OFfICIAL USE PAGE I 44-41 ACTION INFO TE UCI r 2313 797 1017q9Z SSwl1l OCT-01 II' q5 W 035H6 R 072205l JUL 7 FM AfEMBASSY TEGUCIGALP TO SECSTATE WASHDe 21R3 LIMITED OFFIcIAL USE TEGUCI ALPA 0231 OISSF NT CHANNE L I T IS CARLE TR NSMITS A orSSENTIN VIEW VGENERAL SERv J CES OFF cER • SU HITrEQ BY 2· OLJR POLICY OF NON INTli RYENTlON IN BURUNDI DURING MASS·IYE· ·· MURDERING OF HUTU TRtRESMEN COULD BE A EPEAT OF RECENT·EVENTS IN 8 NGLADESH· WE SEEM TO' BF WAITING UNTIL nEPORTED oSELECTIVE GENOCIDE HAS RFSU TEO IN THE ELiMINATION OF ANY·DISS DENT HUTU LEEADERS SUCH DISPLAY 'OF TUTSI POWER HAY INDEED RESULT IN SUBSEQUENT TRANQUILITY IN BURUNDI RuT IT WOULD SEEM FOOL SH TO ISPEL T E FUTURE DEVELOPME T OF THE HU U MAJORITYo 3· t IT IS TRUE TH T WE DO OT HAVE LEVERAGE IN BURUNDI ANO WE CANNOT ALTER THE SITUATIO THEN I SHOULD HOPE O R POLICY waULn FOLlO TH T OF VARI6us INTERNATIONiL HUMANIT RIAN AGENCIES WWIC 5 USPENDED ASSIST NCE SINck WE HAVE NO AID PROGRAM POTE TIAL LIMINATION OF FUTURE AID RATHER THAN SU PENSION MAY pROVIDE TH LEVERAGE DISASTER RELI F IS OF 0UBIOUS VALUE 0 1 I-E HUTUS AND vlILL PROBASLY 8E·MORt BENEF'lCIAL TO ·THE 'CoN TROLLI G TUTSI GOVf NMENt IF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE WERE TO VOTE ON T F' ISS J OF SUPPORTING THE gURUNDI GOVERNMENT DURING THIS CRISI THEY MAY ELL'PREFER RREAEH OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS TO AUGM NrATION OF DISASTER K LIEF RYAN NOTEl U CLAS CLASSIFICATION USE PER MR TRENT iBPCI CHAN ED LJMIT D HANDLED AS I ITED OFFICI L OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472153 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 - 1- - 0 ' J IRELEASE IN FULL ---- _------ _- - - _------- ---- • r ' f -- j Depadfftent of State TELEGRAM • 44 ACTTON ' F-18 INFO ' Or T 1 EUR·2 CTAF -00 G AC-01 '36 N -10 TNR 0Q F e' 11 w PM- 8 NSAF - IIQI -02 MC·02 OI Dr - DI AM P AS Y S 14 4rr V' RC R- j ' T SC - ' •• • • • p R '41 Z JAN 7 M AMEM ASSY ADnlS AAA TO CSTATE WASH C p IO tTY INFO AEFM ASSY O '93 ·4M AAS Y LOND AM 6AS Y N L-0 ' RSC-01 nHFh ll T-P 3' AOP' ii 0 PRS-01 MOGADISCIO MOSCOW AMC MBASSY NAI O ' AMj ''1 AS8Y PARt A MF'''1I 1 AS Y ROME AM eAsqy TEL AVfV USC I NCEI lR # AMt I INSUL ASMARA I SU Jt IM tC HroIl'lS 'nR IJS POU CY'''F' TIoI OM4LT TH EAT • TO ETHI' PTA I TIJI TI LEGFlA'1 oJHTCI-I SI lM A 'Il C AN ATFH31 'AM T4AT' we E'XPE'CT TO POUrH O JANU RY S HAS 6 EN APP OVED Y TUE CDUMT Y TEA'1 UT rT CDMMENDATIONS ARE SI' JECT' Ta TH C NrURqrNc nF A RASSAOOq ADA I CURRENTLY TN WAS JNGTON rTS GtSJ J T AT wE 8ELtEvE TY US 'OUlD TAKE TMM E'' JATF 'IT£PS TO c SJ · r nnl'lPJA 1M THF LIGHT OF T E RROWING OM AL rLJT RY TH EA' TH O T JMPOqTA T OF THF 'C E' 8c 'ING THE 'TOTAL ELIMTNATION Ot ' TIJ ' $ I-1TLLII IN SHORTJ 'AL'L tN US MTLJTARY AS IS' NCE WHICH p EqENT Y AOPE RS LI LY FOR y ' 73 I AND OF ANY oRIJSPp CTJ vr SHORT A LL' r f FY 74 ' 2· OVER THE LAST YE t ET JDpr AN cntl C Eq J OVE o 'lSSTSLf SOMALI AGr oE'SSrON IN 1H FUrURF HAS REATLv INEREA En T4E CONSrOE A Lv rNC EAS O STRfDENCY OF SOMALI T RqITORtaL M OSt TYF OMiNOUS - ' -- S't 'E CD lItEI L ' UNCLASSIFIED U S 'Dep rtment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 -_ - - - • •- - - - _ _ 0_ Depar'tment Of State •• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _• • _ TELEGRAM' • LA V OF' SOto1ALl TPijTF I I ST It J MF 'ASURrS TO'- rM R'1V Qe I ATIONS' THE ExoLTCIT THREAT OF oR SJD T 9JA Try U FD C TF P ACEFUL TACTTCS FAIL T4E qeALt ATION THAT qATS TN qT_ Ee AY SOON OC UQ J OIL IS I V QED IN COM E C'A U NTITIFS THE EW T AT THE O TETg WILL GO VEqv q '0 eATI FY SOMALI ARMS E UF STC IN nPOFR TO F'OPI TALL' A N TI-lE OliYT r A STYLF OUSTe nEVI 'Lnp rNTS SUGGF nY lG THI POSS IUTV OF r ATEc' r l TERNAL Utl ORT FOR THE ElF' TNSURGF NCYt Vb R'OU INH'RVeNTTONIST' ACTS OF cnLO EL QADH FI WHICH SUGG ST THE pn S1 'LTtY nF LTeYAN UPOORT FOR SOMA IA T A F'UTU E cnNI 'LTrr WITH tT4TOpIAt JN CREAREO DOUBTS QEG QnTN THE CONTTNUATT N n qYGNTFrCANT us MIL'TARY SSJSTANCE' AND A KEENER A A S O T cEROR'S OPT4LJTY WJTH LL T AT TMPLIES OQ ET4IaoIA' nS I LE VUL ' lEcASILTTYI ALL T e S -' HAVE CO 1BIN D TO 4F IGI- Tr l CI' NCERN' CLOSE TO ALARM 3' THE OST OMJ l10US DEVELAgME T ' F' ALL H- 8 rN 4N APPARENT SINCE JULY 1 197 IN THF TEM ' OF SryVTET' nELIVERIES nF MtLITARY EQIITPHENT' Tn f'lALH AND J THe 4RiO'lVAL' 'F SOVIET MILtTARV ADVISORS T E FACTS 1r W ICH T4EY A 4WARE CONCERN FT YOPJ NS DEEPLYl T4clo U CERTAINTV W TY EV N MryRr SIGNTFT CAt T DF LIVERIES AA VE RFrENTLV OC CI RIU O OR IILt SI-IODTLY OCCUR woqoTES THEM EVEN MORE rNCQ ASF 4 THTnprAN MIL TARY L ADE S CONSIDEq 'H T TY p EqE T SOMALI TH T r LLS FnR su AJOR TREN T4E T G T r PTAN FORCES AS 4 M rHA rZED t F'A TRV Rqt AREI NUMEQOU 40rytTInNAL AJPeR_FT iNCPEASFD AlR DEFEN RAOAR COVER4 A D Jr HT D qN PATROL or qA To YET ALT OV$H NU E nUS ET TO M L 4 lS H4V E N EMgHAslzr JG TH r CONCER TO U oECT IC QE U STS AonfTTONA us 4SSISTANCE T EV A E IA1'I 18 j8321 i 1 AVE THU EE Sv 6qlSI'GLY ODEq swn Tr LL I US ASSISTA C WHICH WI ' NTICloATE IN FY 73 WE e Lt v T AT M E SURST TI4L P t '''C'ST- 4RE L I 1 F 1 Y EF'ORE LONG l 40' JF 'V II 11 ' f JOTE pI TH TS CO'I fCTTO THE FO EIAN I JSTSR'S R CE ' oQ DICTT N TH T Iq GovrpN NT ANn p S r LY THE EM EqOQ YT SEL rLL OON EQUEST A R JC DTSCUSSION OF' T4E SOMALI THqEAT WTTY THE AMAASSA OR AT 2' LAT ' O OT Y T AWARE OF TYE I lE' 4 h F LTEVE TI-I ANV 'AR INF'OR 'AT'tON'REGARI tN -THE D LIVEpy OF MJG-fIS Oq' T- 4 TAN S T1 aMALrA WOULD TR1 GER A CONSIDE A8L TNCQEA E TN TH RBr cy ANn GN1TUDE F ET JnpI N RE UES $ I j 'J SEC E' • _A - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 ' Oepar1m nt of State ' TELEGRAM' • SEe E' PAnE 03 _oors 7 I F 2 '215292 5 WE AI E 8Y NO 'MEANS' INCLINEn TO RrrGAO CU Pc lT EXPREsSrO n APPREHEN r N AS 4 L V TO t PRESS THE' tIS WE uAVE NO DOUBT TH Y ARE SINrEQE A O T LAqG EXTENT WE CONstDEq THEM JUSTrFIEO • T4ER IS SU l I NT T I RtTORIAL APPETitr AN POLITICAL IM TABtLtTY IN SOMAL'A q TUAT THE POSSltBIL ITY nF A FUTURE DESrQ TO ATT CK TYI0PtA O I8LY IN A PERIOD nF CONFUSION FnLCowr G THE EMPE O I D T MU T QE TAKEN ' SEQrOUSLY THE SDVIET WILL OPFFULLY E TO VEQT rHIS ANGER BY CARE ULLY TH OTTL1NG TY IR OELtVERt S T S MALTAI UT WITH TH YR R CORO IN THE AQA I RAELr CONFLYeT t tN wr CANNOT AFFnPD TO BE OV RLY lPTTMIC TJC ON TIofIS seO C OVJET' D LrVERIES qI JULY II 1972 AVE NnTICEA LY THOUG OT ORASTICALLY ST NGTHENED SnMALr ILTT RY CAPARILJTT S r U JUDG ENT' F T4iOPI HAS Gooe REAS M tN C NSE UENC TO T GTH N IT MILt TA V PO TURE AND SHOULD CE TAINLY SEE O TO ABLE ·STRENGTHE N tF SOM4LrA SOON ACQtJr ES O TS F U O T' 4VE ALREADY ACRIJIRE J SUCH IMPORTANT AODITtONS s A STr T CA T QUANTITY OF MI IS ANO T-54 TAN S ET r PIAN 6' IF' T IF US REACTS TO 1 clE ONTrNUATrnN nF CU RF NT· q C NT F T4t PI4113 ATTTTUO€ 4P PE E'Nc I N AN p n RAH BY A T ENns rNrl UDI 'G A MAP t EV t · or $1 1 HILLION ip 6 MILLl N ElCLUOING PC4T - P CKAGTNG' C ATtNn HANDLTN A TQAN oO TAT10NI OR THr FleCAL YEAR NO PR08AqLY FURT R r TS tN THE N XT ISCAL YEAR T4E lEG WILL NClUD THAT us F JENO T IS OF V RY LIMtT EO VALU AND THEIR LEAOE WILL EF L r NS A L rSILLUSrON ENT AND ITTERNEqS' WF D NOT ANTICIP1 E T4AT T TS WILL CAUS AASTC C4ANGE IN ITS ATTTTunE TOWA Dq Kft N W EV RE OA AGE TO nTHE MAJOR uS INT REST IALT U H A C V AT MU 9E INSERTEO THAT A TENNECO OfL STRJ E COULO AT ANY I ADO A AD ITIONAL liS TNTEQEST IN ETHT prAII aUT 1T WILL P O AqLY' A E IT S EWHAT HAIUH R e'OR THE us TO ATTA N lTS '1 JECTlVES ' TTH R GA TO 4 Wln qA GE OF rSSUE IN U ETHroPrA iT 'Nq viG qous ET TnPJ N EFFORTS TO n TATN ILtTARY E WIP NT ON C E IT ROM OTY R NnN·COMMUNJST OURCE CAN C TAIN Y' p NTl IJPATED MANY cOU TRrES OULD GRAOU LLY CONCLUD THAT US ILLIN NESS TO HELo TTS FRIENDS IN Tr E r SToESS HAD R ACHEO A V QV LOW EVEL A LI v N 4RMED ELF' 'IGHT nF CtOE' TI TTACI K4r J IF IT' SAW CLEARLY H014 OrSJNCLINEn THE U wA'r TO ASSIJMe 4 Jy UqTI l O JNVOLVEMENT IN ETHTOPIA LASTLyj THF RF WOULO BE A OM WH T G AT R DANG R OF RO 'c FOI1M OF SCMALt AG REC SIO AG r ST' Tl-fT 'PT A T4ANI IF THe U·q HAD CONT TBUTE A LETTL MORE Tn TYfOPIAN TQ NGTH SEC ET - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 ---------------- Depat' tml nt Of State TELEGRAM • 7 ' C I- OUlD THEF E aVEhJTU ALL Y' BE AN' nUTMt 41C nr -' C ME FOR OF HOSTILITIES WJT SOMALTAJ THE otSADV ANT GE F' TyE US MENTIONED IN TI-IE PRECEDING °ARAGRApH WOULD E rNT NStr 't n ' THES CONSEgUENCER' OFtA SIMPLE COhJTT U4TrOhJ OF RrCEN 0s ATTrTlJDES AND PROC R AM TREhJ S ARE C Uc 'F'IC'tENnV UNF'LEASANT' IN OUR VI W TO JUST1FV A THOROUGH SEARCH F R AOOfTTONAL ACT10NS WHICH THF US COULD TAKE AT pRESENT TO R A SUQ T t OIA TO STRENGfHE go tTS MILITARY CAPA JLJTIESJ AND TO L SS N TH LJ E HOOO OF SOAMLt AGGRESSrO T E RESULT$ OF' SUCH AN vA l ATrON ON OUR' PAQT AR SUMMARIZED TN THE FOLLowrN p A AaPAPYC 1 i 11 4 01 - J SEE EJ • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01111 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of 8tate Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No CO 472799 Date 01 11 2 018 -------------- ------ - --- --------------------------- ' Department of'State TElEGRAM' ' • PAr F c 1 A ODIS 0071 '12 nF 012 ·161' 'Z 44 ACrfON F-18 t O OCT l L· EOR·2 NEA-10 CIAE INP · 9 He A I E 1 I Mr ·A2 AOP S4E 0 P N r i nOD H·0 T SE -Pl0 ' 1 1 - ··•••·•••• • ••• u 2214-18Z JAN 73 FM A EMRASSY ADDIS A AaA TO ECSTATE WA DC P 1Q JTY 2984 INF A 8ASSY 60 N AMI ' aAS Y LONDON '1 P P AM eASSY AMF BASSY AIn 0 I SS 4 RSC 0i OM8-01 C · 0 ka7 VJ _ ' ' Y-P 3 i 136 W I OGADISC10 MOSC W A MF M8AS$Y NAIRO AM BASSY AM -4BAS Y AMr AS Y PARJq ROME' TEL Avtv lJ S ' r 1C IJ R 7 NfI'OMC n NStJl' c A E Tl-lAT A 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Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 ------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 --- - - ------- - - _------------- - 'J TElEGRAM Department· of 'State • TO EX ll ORE POSSI LF JSq ELI 4 S JCTANC I OF LOI VISITO ET JOPJAj tNCLUOING TN PO ' tLJTt S n T tANGULA ' TRf 6NSA TlnNS TNVOLVfNG TH Uq ' • ' T AT THE US CONSULT tN APPRnpt JATF CAoTT6LS Wtnl THE F NCH' GERMAN rTA TA S A O qPTTtqH Tn q44 4 ERSMENTS OF TH PRO LEM AND TO ASCERTAIN WHF T tO TH Y' r AK uSEFUL CONJE USALF M rlTTY TRPIUTIr 'NS -' THE nEPARTMENT CONSrOEq TH 'OESTqA TL1TY OF A HIGHLEV L AOPROCH TO APp rSE THE qOVJ T o QUP CryNCE N ANO TO REQU T TWEIR COOPEqAT'D TO JNJMI7E T4 D q OF AN ARMS' RAC ANn FUTURE HOSTTtJTt S '3 T A T THE nEP ARTMENT REV lEW QPT IONS ·F'n AN I P OVE'MENT 1111 US oFL 4TIONS wrTH SOMALJA AND A SlJB e U NT TN qI A E 1 1 Us' IN F T AT F'LU NCE THERE 'i u T AT THE pe SrpILTTY OF ILYTARY VISTTS TO THrOPIA AND bF' r ALLS T MA SAWA AY DET4C ED 7 T H FL T T4 o VAL EL v MEf' IT WARPA'VT AS CIRC11 'STAN €S AY F' COI I 1 I 'QE 'I I ' DUR MAAG I ENCOURAGrNG lEG srLF-HFLP M AqUPE TO JMPROVE tTS 'YL TTARY Pf' C TURE THERe APE MANY A C'frO ' C l CH Aq AN' IMPROVEr r O lMANO ANI CONTROL stRUCTURe ANI V4RrnI JS o PU' YM NT' IMPROVE MENT WHICH IT HAS 8E N REr OM ENDtN AN WUYCU IT WTLL CnNTTNUE TO PR M T VIGOROUSLY I' WITH R GARD TO US MILJT RY ASSTSTANce A HORT ALL OF 83 TLLTON IF OM THE OOn AP 08JE01YVE' 1 5 TLL ON NOT tNrI IJOI IG PCHT NO' APPEARS LIKELY I 'OI F-Y 7' 1 4 1 IE SUSPECT SI-IORTFALL rOR r y 74 WILL 8e EVe N G F 'A r Q IJ F 'VC NTS TO TA E THrtR ATIJRAL C UR e SUCy SHORTFALL COULD PE APS HAVE BEFN DTr EST O WITHOUT lSNAr tDT4 LF D4MAG TO US TNTc-PE ns IF ETHIOP1AN-SOMALTA REI ATTOt 'S Wr f w AoPROVIMATEI Y THI ' C AMr AS WAS TI-lE' r AS 6 YEAR A o T44T' T I IECJf'lELY N' T THE THH AR TH ALL WEn t 4Sr - UO IDF R PRC SENT CJPCUMSTANCE TN T M OF' US rNTE EST TH Tn n we ' T1TAL At iC IP G E'AT' T'1°0 TI NCE F 1 T ATJ Or THE SHn T ALL THREATENI NG FOp ' ROTH FY NE nED QOT IN TERMS OF TWE' REAL H tr' FY 74 SIJC4 ACT'JON IS O 6 l' THQ T AN THE EXPECT4- · TrO q W4JCH THE JEG r NrTTLEb T HAV£ R£A4 TNG U 4SS STANCE TN Tt E OF GAT RIN PE tL SSI'T C WHTCH YILL EQFLY PERMIT A STcAI HT-L1Nt ONTTNUA rnN OF WHrr H 8r GAN IN v 71'j WITH FULL T E MOn ST U MO FRN'Z4TrON PROGqA AP QOVA 12 wE Qe COMMENI THAT IHMEOIA TE STEoS p TA F N TO EL P1TNATE THE • ECqET I '--- I Ail UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2 16-07743 Doc No CQ6472799 Date 01 11 2018 ___ 00- _ _ _ _ _____ _ ___ _ __ _ _ _____ ____ __ _ -- - ---------­ ' t Depanm-ent of State TELEGRAM • rMD NDl G $3 MILLION S41' PTF ALL' C OQ r y '10t f nF T4F FOLLOfoJpJr A P AC 4ESI 141 A BROADENTN I G AID THE PSCT UM AG JCULTUQAL OF SErT Q # I1 ANS t Ir C ASE' OF ONE OR 11 ' MAg fP 1 C OQ T E EXIST LOAN TO Peo IT AN T G SHIFT' OF SUPC Ot T I A I' r I nF'F' n I NG THE lEG LIGI LE C U·IJ G T q EsnURCE' S T JrFEN qy E N tTU S MJUTARv QUIPMC NT O A C r OJT · LE' S 4 fS AI Tf'o JqrVE AI IS TH 'fOST I' ESIRA LE 1 1 1'l1lQ VTF W RllT WE r COG T r TUE INTENSE wOPI nwrnE nEMANnS UPON A H KTNG AP U G T ALTEQNAT1VE 181 SHO ILO BE FEl c rBLF W T40UT MUCH DT 'C'fCI I TY r 1 OUR VIEW TO A L VEl OF ABOUT 9 0' T l YEAR AN I C A E F UP r $ ILLION IN FY 7 WOULD IN FACT RE p SSr L R 4 TuE $TANQPOrNT OF FTHI PTA'S A SOqP'IVE CAPACITrTE UT' p r9L NGRESSIO L ACTION IN THE LTGHT OF T4 puQpnSE F CTTON 6 2IS OF TH OR lGN AS ISTANCE ACT' WOULD E D'TO T4 N I TO ACCOUNT 1 5 WfLL 'A POSC IElLE P ORLF MS i n JNr CTE'D Wn u T4' CURQENT' rEG UNI' QSTANnING WJTH T E loRn THAT 4N UAL D F N r R E nING YNu r Rr 6 ER ILL NOT EXO D 4 PeRCENT 4LTr NATtV leI T AT THE DIS ADVA TA F nF AnofNG TO TNI0PIA'S PQESr T F'R TGN D AT UqDEN WHTCH AT IZ PERCE T IS ALREADY Aq VF T 1 P oCF T nALERT V l E TAALISH O BY THF J Rn JMF OR r THT JA TuE SUD F TARY F FFrTS DC FUTURE LOAN REPAYMENTS M6Y r VOLv o i SECTIO 62 IS 1'IIF 'ICULTH C3 Bur L S$ so THI ' T E LAqr R A· J tJAv nHTopiA EF NSE EXPENDITU E INvnLVED J ALTFRN4TIV IQI Wr DO NOT ' YOWr V R CO SlnrR T r SE Twn TSAOVA TA S n ALTEQNATTVE It I AS t Rtnu AS A LIS F'ATLIJQ Tn EUMT 1ATE T F SH 1c Tl 'ALL I W Lr EwIS ELn T E EA q s 01 ' nON $1 I· E O AC WE E rRIUNS FO RECOMMEND T AT ANY LT FtY Qr ALL FOQ I 'y 74 MILLtO N n PL'NNIN F' URl ' PS LTMi ATED 8Y M0RE OF THE AOP OACHES FT nQT T P4 4 I 0R'_I £TT R r F RMArIO A I' ING FY 74j WE wILL TRp MrT T rS TO · A CrUT ATc C 1'MO ATJVF 4 P A C AL lr ' 14 • 01l AS THE S PR vI E O 6lr ASSI 'l'4 JC I J THREAT Aq eUA T RY sn AS T4' TI € ALTI 'q·HTI E 12 AND I S -40ULO ETHrnpTb rLITA Y qr T TO BAl' CE WE NO P QC TV wr C p LLEn Tn SUF ICJENT TT PHASIZE HOWEVEQ THAT 90MALI QC C'J'1'1E 'JDF'O I G T O M4TIJ H IJL O CAPA TLJTIESI THRF E' THE EHo p M I TRr t tiTHC NING OJ ' SUCu AS WOULD LATfR RFSULl FROM OELrVEP IES OF' qrG 1F ICA T NU 8ER F MTa IS AMD r 54 TANKS WE WILL O VIOU LY EFO TO EASSJ 'SS THF 0Rn LF 15 ILTT RV SOMI PAR'TS OF nITS Te LEGRAM MAY A Q Aq TO UG E T THAT' WE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case Nol '-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 - - J I J • ----------_ r-'- _- ---- - DeparTinentol State TELEGRAM • HAVf IN MyND TU POSSJ TLTTY OF A T o i JTELV CONTINUING 'RA nc Sr ALATTOM Or U AC SIC T ANI 'E I'll s 'UTlI J vt l qS OT THE CAC E- w qEc N7zr THAT I THE n A ' T R AT FAS QAOIOLY A D T NTTNUALL' tN TLIE WTUD THAT' IS SHOULD I · THEQE WOULD COME· II T' E H TH u W UL AVE T nRAW T Lr SH RT OF I IN r Rc h C F 'O MTLlTAOY ASSISTANCE AflJO L A E ' ' E C Wtr -TS Tt · a£A THE ONUC OF StJ9SEQUF NT CONSFQIIC NCES TN OUt VU·' J I-fOl Vr q NOW IS I Er TDF LY NI T HIE TIM TO O AW SlIC' 6 U'fE TJ f f · IS STJLL AMPLE RE ON TO HOPE THAT A C NT1NUArTO I F WR nqT AL' PLANS FOq MILTTARY ASSISTANC TO THIOPTAI CO IN O WITH A C EiTING BY THE OVTI TS OF RE Ac nN 4p'LI · UMITS ON T4ETR AqSt TANC TO SOMALIAI WILL EF ECT VELY PqOT CT Uq JNTr FSTS ft D H Lo PR VF T THE I 0R' LEM F Rf M EP I PTp' INTt MrUrAC Y CON LtCT lNV LVtNG AS IT' WOULD nNLY THE RE TnRATION OF TH VERY S L AMOUNT OF PREVlnU LV PL NNED U H FFF T APPEA S FrNANcT L SuppnRT WnRTHWHILE GO I W fC4 V oECO MENDEO WYMAN' f I - e t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472910 Date 01 11 2018 Departme nt _of State LIMITfO OFFl IA USE TELEGRAM 1005 RELEASE IN PART 86 S ORIGIN IN'O SP 0 OCT 01 S 02 1006 R DRAFTED BY S P OFPIRFSHtTHiTAW APPROVED BY S PSPBSWXERS P 192139l S P 74 H $ECST1TE WASHoe TO AMEM6AS8Y aUITO PRIORITV LIMITED OFFICIA USE STATE 206874 DISSENT CHANNEL o 116521N A TlGSSOGEN SI t8JECTJ DISSENT MESSAGE FOR R F8 YOUR ETT R O 1 - 1_ _ _ _ _ _ _- ' FEBRUARY 23 TO DIRECTOR i SIP 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT 01 COP O REF RENC D LtTTER ON SEPTEMBfR 1 L ETTER WAS HlSRQUTEO BECAUSE NOT MARKED QUOTE DISSENT CHANNE UNQUOTE g PL EAS SE eU E lO USE THlS CAPTION IN ANY rUTUR US of CHANN LQ 2 MRg WIL ARO OfPREE 0' THE POLICV P ANNtNG STA lIP HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE TO THIS OISS NT MESSAGE u IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION 'D DISSENT MESSAGES YOU AIRGRAM HAS BtEN CfRCULATIO TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIV S CR TA V T E DIRECTOR OF PO lCY PLANNING STAF AND THE SECRETARY'S aPEN FORUM PANEL ADDITIONA COPIES AR£ BEING lENT TO TH DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY rOR MANA EH NT TM IN8P CTOR G NERA AND THE ASSiSTANT SECR TARV FOR CONaR S lDNA REI ATIONS g UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472910 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472986 Date 01 11 2018 Tegucigalpa Honduras February 2S 1974 RELEASE IN PART 86 • Director of Planning and Coordination Room 7 246 Department of State Washington D C 20520 Dear Sir I would like to request official guidance through Department of State regulations in regards to overseas visits or correspondence by Congressmen or Congres al Committees personal experience is limited but I have consulted with others in positions similar to mine and find that Congressional requests can on occasion create problems involving the personsl integrity of employees of the Department of State Requests can be unethical personally distasteful or eveD illeg l The prescnt situation is confusing as there are DO official instructions and posts seem to operate so as to avoid ny possible repercussions or'inquiries by either the Department of State or tbe United Stntes Congress i r As an example of problems involving personal integrity or job integrity I offer the case of a U S Congressmaa using a U S Government leased eirplane to visit a reso t island off the coast of Honduras without proper travel orders Use of the leased airplane was nuthori ed at post only beCAuse there did not seem to be ether alternatives Problems thAt developed later when the bill for the use of the airpl ne v s analyzed were also'resolved at post with the attitude that it had happened and the post must accept its responsibilities Another example indicates that posts seem to be intimidated even by the correspondence f1 '0 11 U S Congress men As an example a U S Senator mailed United States cur ency through the diplomatic pouch for the purchase of contraband gemstones The gemstones vere purchased by a U S Gov rnment employee and returned to the Senator through the diplcnnaUc pouch ' 'his exal lPle is blatantly illegal with currency carried by the diplomatic pouch and gemstones being illegally imp9rtcd into the United States by-passing customs I would not think such misuse of the pouch is ommon but othing has changed from the viewpOint of the poat to prevent anothet Congressman from using the pouch for simllar personal profit •• ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472986 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472986 Date 01 11 2018 Page -2The more common problem confronting employees at post will not involve legal questions but rather questions of ethics or taste reEer primarily to the s liclting of female companionship for the visiting Congressmen or staff -- What I have described nre instances bieh I would find methieal or illegal All are requ ts which 1 would conSider as improper conduct by an elected member o'£ Congress or for that matter anyone I see the problem as challenging the integrity 0$ an escort officer or certi ing officer ho finds himself in an undesirable position of acceptance of status quo and blind compliance with requests Even the meaning of 'p-oHticnl service 'or 'tribute 'chan'gcs 'here so 'that 'it 'does not apply to the situation My xamples are given only to provide background on wha type of problems could be directed at Foreign Service emplOyees The ii1tpetus for my request is that Stich things can happen and from observation ar e s times act U 8 lly anticipated and accepted l ·W at 1 seek is a reporting mechanism established within the Department of State lJhieh wo uJd allOl decisions rc1avent to Congressional requests to be 'made by the Department of St Rte and not by the individud Precepts for use of such a reporting system snould be minimal The objective is to let the Department of State assume the responsibility for those decisions ich have been determined by someone close to the situation as having legal or ethical complications The post at present does not have a working capability to question let alone refuse 8 Congressman's requcst It is not adequate to permit one's supervisor or other person to handle the problem unless the initial protest Or query is properly answered by the Deparonent of State • 1 therefore rcquest tbe Director of Planning and Coordination to propose official policy to give the responsibility for decisions related to the pr'opriety of a Coogressional request to the Department of State rather than the OverSeas post ' III 86 American Embassy Tegucigalpa ' ' 'r' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472986 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473682 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ • _ _ •• _ _ B_6-- _ · '_ __ _ 0' _ _ ' _ ' _ - - - - _ DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 Dear Mr September 24 1974 Lord When you make distribution of my dissent paper I request that it be made available not only to appropriate offices in the Department of State such as EB AV but also to the Department of Commerce Attn Mr Raul Meyer and to EXIM Commerce has the ultimate responsibility for deciding whether to issue the export license afte the State Department has given notice that it has no objections EXIM has been requested by the Government of Gabon to provide financing of the sale Both Government agencies'are aware of the state Department's long scrutiny of the sale of both the first and second DC-Ss and of the Rhodesian problem It seems to me to be in the interest of the us Government as a whole to make sure that any agency making a decision on this issue is aware of all the facts and of the arguments concerning the interpretation of these facts Otherwise decisions made by Commerce EXIM might be made on an inadequate knowledge of the situation SinceJ e_l_Y_' ________________ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473682 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474160 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE 1 J7 i-r CJ 1 • I IRELEASE IN FULLI M moranclum ''of Conversation DATE October 2 1974 Gabonese Efforts to Buy a DC-8 63CF UaJECT Mr John W Lentz Loan Officer Export-Import Bank PARTICIPANTS B Keith Huffman LIAF AF S - f lr T Cole AF C - Mr 1'1 Cutler AF - Mr J Foley COPIES TO On September 27 at 3·P John Lentz of EXn1 Bank came in at my request to review my file regarding Gabon's request for a DC-8 63CF M r Lentz carefully reviewed AF r s' 'final memorand J·to the 'Se'cretary Ms palmer's dissent memorandum and the' attachments to both He said that he did not need to review any of the rest of the file and aid not need to take any documents i th him ' Mr Lentz stated that he had just checked again with his Air Afriaue source that tipped off EXIM· about the Affretair deal and this source had once again confirmed that the new sale did not involve any transaction with Rhodesia Ml Lentz and I also d·iscussed the desirability of EXIM incorporating stringent prohibitions into its loan agreement if it elected to finance the sale This is discussed' in my memorandum for the record 'dated October 1 1974 ' ' 0' ' fil' L AF BKHu#fman rnmp J _ _ _ ••• - _ •• f UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474160 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06476353 Date 01 11 2018 ------------ ----- ' --- -- -' ---- -- -'-'' --'-- ----------- UNCLASSIFIED CTION Depa rtlll nt COpy SAN JO PAGE 01 ACTION SP-B2 03231 INCOMING TELEGRAM of State 111627Z -' 4532 RELEASE IN PART 86 00 AMAO-01 ES-01 A05-00 120333Z 7 2 ------------------170312 R 1I1453Z MAY 82 FM AMEMBhSSY SAN JOSE TO SECSTATE WASHDC 9894 INFO OCT-ee UNCLAS SAN JOSE 3237 E O 1·2065 N A TAGS ENRG TRGY CS SUBJECT TRADE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMREF ALCO OL FEASZBZLI Y STUDY SAN JOSE 2556 I I I EOI-LOWING IS A DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE DRAFTER IS REOUEST DISTRIBUTION BE LIMITED TO INOIVIDUALS REOUIRED TO MAKE A DECISION ON THE PROJECT IN OUESTION EFTEL' I l 2 GIVEN - THE MAGNI TUOE ANO DIRECTION OF COSTA RICA'S ECONOMIC DISASTER THERE IS NOT THE SLIGKTEST CHANGE THAT LARGE SCALE INVESTMENTS IN FUEL ALCOHOL PROOuCTION WILL BE MADE HERE IN THE CURRENT DECADE THERE WIl l BE NO CAPITAL AVAILABLENEITHER 'INTERNALLY NOR EXTERNALlY- FOR EITHER THE NECESSARY INDUSTRIAL PLANT OR MORE IMPORTANT SUFFICIENT FEEDSTOCK PRODuCTION FURTHERMORE AT LEAST A OUARTER MILLION DOLLARS WORTH OF RECENT AND RELEVANT FEASIBILITY STUDIES ARE REPORTeDLY ALREADY AVAILABLE 3 GIVEN THE GREAT UTILITY OF THE TOP SYSTEM IT wOULO BE UNFORTUNATE TO SPENO A SIZEABLE PORTION OF ITS LIMITED RESOURCES SUPPORTING REOUNDANT RESEARCH WHICH- AND THIS IS THE EY POINT - HOLOS OUT ABSOLUTELY NO REAL PROSPECT OF RESULTING IN A LARGE EXPORT ORDER FOR Us SUSINESS 4 AT A MINIMU BEFORE PROCEEDING FURTHER WITH THE IDEA OF USG-FINANCING SUPPORTERS OF THE PROJECT 5HOVI 0 9E REOUIRED TO PLAUSIBLY EXPLAl' WHERE HOW AND ON WHAT TERMS COSTA RICA GOV'T I NO OR PRIVATE seCTOR' CAN REASONABLY EXPECT TO SECURE THE FINANCING NEEDEO FOR LARGE SCALE ALCOHOL PRODUCTlON 5 EMS' $SY COMMENT TO 'COMMERCIAL ATTACHE'S DISSENT THE US ALCOHOL CORPORATION HAS SAID THAT IT FORESEES A SIGNIFICANT DOWNSTREAM INVESTMENT IN ALCOHOL PRODUCTION FOR FUEL IN COSTA RICA V S ALCdHOL CLAIMS THAT IT HAS ASSURANCES OF BANK FINANCING US AND EUROPEAN FOR ITS ALCOHOL PLANTS WHETHER THEY REALLY HAVE IT IS RD TO SAY BUT THEY ARE SEEKING OPIC COVERAGE FOR A POTENTIAL INVESTMENT THE TOB STUDY WOULD NOT THEREFORE IT MAY BE FAIRLY CONCF'lETE BE A FEASIBILITY STUDY TO SUaSTITV E ALCOHOL FUEL FOR GASOLINE THE STUDY WOULD CONCENTRATE SPECIFICALLY ON THE METHOO AND COST OF CONVERTING EXISTING VEHICULAR FLEET IN COSTA RICA FROM GASOLINE ANO OIESEL TO VAIOUS TYPES OF ALCOHOL OR BLENDED FUELS EMBASSY UNDERSTANDS THAT TOP IS COLLECTING INFORMATION OESCRIBED IN PARA ABOVE AS PART OF iTS EVALUATION ON WHETHER OR NOT TO PROCEEO WITH FINANCING OF THE STUDY SEE STATE 1158301 MCNEIL - Mrl Ir Ir n UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476353 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980070 Department of State Date 07 TELEGRAM - LIMITED PAgE III 1 STATE OFfIC AL USE 898 0 2538 lt4 OR GIN S l IN O OCT 01 1015 R IRELEASE IN PART 8S BY S PCIRRPETERSONIJK 3 6 73 EXT 22972 APPRoVED BY S PCIWICARGO S S 'MRo HARRY BARNts T' MRo' NEWMAN ' AF AMBo CLAUDE G ROSS AF E MRo WENDELL B COOTE s Pe MR- HERBERT S iRO RAFTED 130474 R 081 t 22Z MAR 73 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA LIMITED OfFICIAL USE StATE 042538 DISSENT CHANNEL EoOo 116521 N A TA SI ' INS ET S U 8 J E C T '__ D I S S E N T C H A NNEL I I RE I AIRGRAM FROM MESSRS ADDIS ABABA A-23 DATEO fES 7Il 73 STATE 033073 10 DEPT 0 HAS REeE I VEiD WITH I NTEREST 'THOUGHTFUL I DE S EXPRESSED IN REF AIRGRAM ANO APPRECIATED THEM 'T EY WILL BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT DURING CONTINUING ASSESSMENT' ERE OF PROBLEMS ADDRESSE o COUNTRY DIRECTOR LOOKS FORWARD TO DISCUSSION 'OF ISSUES INVOLVED DURING HIS ORTHtOMiNG VISIT TOADOISo' OGERS 20 LIMITED ICIA USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980070 Date 07 31 2017 86 RELEASE IN FULLI DATE TIME i Pres dent SUBJECT June 28 1974 4 '30-5 30 P N Bongo's Desire to Acguire a DC-8 63CF ··1 ' 1 PARTICIPANTS Gabonese H E Vincent Mavoungou Gabonese Amhassador Mr Roland Bru Economic and Financial Adviser to President Bongo 1 1r Jacques Pigott privy Counselor of president Bongo Mr Daniel Richon Vice President of UTA ' ' ' ' - l U S A -- Mr John Foley Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for African Affairs Ms Alison Palmer Acting Director of Central African Affairs 'lr Rei tl ·l f r - m I l Bsistu 1t Legal A 1vise c rvY African Affairs Mr Alec Toumayan Language Services ' t Ii COPIES TO I· i· 'j ' ' - '1 ' ' j - Ambassador John A McKesson III Libreville Gabon AF C - Ms p lmerVAF C -·Ns D ggs · AF - Mr oley M S - Nr OI'Neill Jr AF P r 1 t 'Linehan I Jr EB OA AVP 1r ortman Export-Import Bank - -Ir John vl Lentz After introductions Hr Foley stated tJ 1at the Department representatives' were delight ed' to meet with Arrhassador i-layoungou and ··presiden t Bongo's special mission _ Ambassador ·lavoungQu handed 'lr Foley a lengt hy note in French 'lhich appeared to set forth President Bongo's efforts to acquire a Dc-si63C II AF'BKH l mp Dut linl O jl f lnd O firtTj FORM 2' 65 os - 125-$ LHUTED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980·158 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980158 Date 09 12 2017 • 0 ' ' ' - • • ' • • _ _ '_ _ • ' ' •• _ _ • •' ' '-' _ i • _ _ _ L ''' · ' _ • 0 •• _ • _ _ LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 and requested an urgent response to these efforts Foley stated that the Department· would have the note translated and study it carefully Mr Richon speaking in French referred to the Gabonese Government's agr eement lith Seaboard Internation·al to acquire a DC S 63CF He described the agreements hereby UTA· vould maintain and operate the aircraft and Air Afrigue ' ould use it on its regular runs hen President Bonqo as not using it Mr Richon further described the · t lose commercial relationship bet veen UTA and Air Afrique under vhich aircraft from both companies are pooled and maintained and crews are 'trained Mr Richon·said that when UTA had heard that President Bongo was · going to acquire a plane it had been concerned that this might disturb the fragile UTA-Air Afrique routes and disturb the system Accordingly UTA had urged·him to be loyal fidel to UTA UTA also encouraged President Bongo to acquire a McDonnell-Douglas aircraft '7hlch could be fitted into Air Afrique's HcDonnell-Douglas fleet and maintenance operations Mr Pigot remarked that President Bongo also preferred DC-8' s from his ovm flying experience preferring·to charter DC-S's v henever possible Mr ·Richon said that P esident Bongo had become convinced of the necessity for acquiring hl s ovm a trcraft after UTA prepared a tally of Bongo's extraoJ din l ry expenditures for leasing aircraft in the past year Mr· Foley said he understood President Bongo might already possess one DC-S All three members of the special miss on eigned i no ILQe about any other DC-8 Bongo migh·t have cquired • Mr oley ag in asked if there was not a DC-8 already l n Gabon l n whl ch Presl dent Bongo had some personal interest After a moment of silence l·lr Pigo· said that is a private dea1 C'est ·une affaire privee Ms PalmI asked if the plane was not with Affr· tair l ut received 9nlu £e as a reply In response to a ques tion from Nr Foley l-1r Richon stated that to his knowledge UTA diq not maintain· the present Affretair DC-S Mr Richon also said that UTA had invested several hundre _' thousand dollars in a pass·enger pack for the DC-8 63CF UTA's expend ture plus Presiu··' lt Bongo I s unhappiness tmv trds UTA about the con- tinued unavailab ' i ty of the aircraft which it had recoTI Il1ended made the company extremely anxious to have the sale consummated According·ly he wondered when the a rcraft ''lpu Ld be available I # U s bureaucracy on· applications for export licenses took a long ·time hile he could not state 'lhen a decision would be made he could say that he hoped it would·qccur very soon · Mr Pigot contrasted the speed lith which the export license for the C-130 for the Gabonese military had been approved He also noted that in the present cas e President Bongo ad II cleared ll the purchase with OAU Mr Foley stated that actions· by the sprawling LIMITED OFFICIA US UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980158 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980158 Date 09 12 2017 ' '---' 0' ' ' ' 40 t u _ _ __ L- - _ '- - ' _ _ '' ' _' - _ __ ' __ _ '0 • L• _ _ __ _ _- ' · ·_ ·-' 'I' r ·1 Mr Bru then presse4 Mr Foley for more precise information on the impediments to the sale and a decision date noting that Bongo regarded the DC-8 as his own personal aircraft Bru asked whether 'he could advise president Bongo that the DC-8 was now available or whether he should tell'Bongo ·to acquire his aircraft elsewhere • Mr Foley reiterated his statement regarding the normal delay's expe ienced with the sale of large aircraft • I I I I J ' At the conclusiQn of the meeting Hr Foley stated that the united S ates Government prized its fruitful relations with President Bongo and he··'requested ·that ' 1r ·Bru 'convey the Department I s V'armest regard to the President and our hopes that a decision - ould be reached on the DC-8 matter very soon • I ' ' 1 3 LIl1ITED OFFICIAL USE ' - '- I i ' ' - - -- ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980158 Date 09 12 2017 -- - -y- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 I r 1_ -- 7 I tun _It cu IN1 p 10 FDQ AID I o J' jjfl S2 FORl MIJScbNC 1 rRELEASE IN PART 861 LIMITED OFFICIAL -53 - 01 TO • USJ IiANOl lNC INDICATon - J AR D0pt pass P IA 1 ' 'r N'r OF STATE Mr Kenneth COM FRIJ Lf D TAR lI MD IIIR TAGS FROM DATE ROME 1 t I' ' February 3 1976 Dissent Message American Policy and Italy A Critique 11 FAM 243 • I REF r Y lfJ J PINT I'f SUBJECT ' ' i i I J - '1' ' A I A' Ai' ' EMBASSY • Towery lOP E O 11552 N A ' 1 - ' STA'rE 209583 N' YY CIA f f t f M 7i II III fH P r This message transmits a dissent'ing view submitted by' USIS - - _ • ' - - I USIII I - - -- - -_ - - -- 86 SUMMARY HOW WE GOT WHERE WJf-ARE ACTIVITIES SUPPORT LNG THE 'rJmE 8 · prJ 'I1 R·EFoF US POST-WAR POLICY TOWARD ITALY I E ANTICOMM1JNISM SUPPORT FOR CHRISTIAN D1DIOCAA'rS foND NATO Sl'iEN AS HAVING NEGAT1VE CONSEQUENCES IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING MORE POSITIVE POL tCY WITH OVERT ENCOURAGEMEh'T OF POI ITICAL FORCES OF DEMOCRATIC SPECTRUM THE NEED' FOR GREATER ACCOUNTABILITY NEW MODUS OPERANDI BETWEEN TRADITIONAL DIPLOMATS AND CIA EMPLOYEES OVERSEAS WITH SHARPER GUIDE LINES AND PR OTECTION FOR LATTER OPPORTUNITt TO RES TORE-' ' - CONFIDENt E IN US AS AN AJ LY AND BOLSTER OUR SAGGING ALLIES - NEED TO REPUDIATE Tl'PE OF ACTIONS ATTRIBU1 ED TO AMBASSADOR ''''' Q • MARTIN AND REA FFIRM THE CORRECTNESS OF HIS SUCCESSOR IN ' RUTTING A Strop TO THEJL 'l'HE ERROR OF GLOBALIST POLICIES ____ '''Itf TArHNG INSUFFICIENT ACCOUNT OF INTERNAL DYNAMICS IN KEY COUNTRIES' smm MODEST PROPOSALS FOR SPECIFIC INITIATIVES ' • - l 0 i '4 I N- · IIO '1 vlE ·CJt' • • • • • G01 11JHERE 'VB ARE 1945-7S' Y ' I Si nce 19 §'1 Atneric an policy towards Ita ly has been based on two ma j n pi i'lars ant i-communism and support for the conservati ie Christian Democrats DC I Both overt and covert activities were often justified by the potential they • J • a ' til had of advancing these two causes which indeed complemented 'to one another -W he'ir-' Italy joined-'NATO in 1949 it became the linchpin of the l_ -- - 0 LIMITED OFli'ICIAL USE ' II J L-P d I FQPM 4· G2 - ICleared gyt nrs OS ·323 by'IA - J lind CfllsslI nuoD Approved by gsb FOR f EPI E O 'lLY DID rpOllt for transmittal ne Ison ----------- - - ---- -- -- - ----- -- --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 86 f N LASSI IED I u s D pa m_ rit of State Doc No Cm34313'70 Date 11 13 2017 Case No F- 016-07743' LIMITED OFFICIAL usi· page 2 ROME A- 53 lISou thern Flan and a third eiement was' added to American policy which v linked with and depend'ent upon the other twO enfolding Italy in the NATO sec'urity blanket to irisure strategic use of its base· and post·facilities As the years passed the vlg 'tT of the Christian Democrats slowly atrophied Corruption gr ew and social and gov ernmental reforms demanded by 'an increasingly affluent society were' neglected Scandals in government and buSiness md the growing incapacity of the government in dealing with the problems of a model'n society further alienated large numbers' of the population ' ' Partl yas a result of its 'own relative efficiency ana partly as a result of disenchantment with the enduring P91itlcal class and rt lessened fear of communism among the post- -war gene ration the Italian Communist party PC made slow but steady gains For many years these were not manifosted in election returns which showed the leftist forces remaining at a stable level but rather in local municipal administrations in · he universities and intellectual world f and with tha labor lnions ' ' ' ' ' ' In June 1975 however the pcr made dramat ic gains in local administrative elections coming to within 2% of the CJu'istianDemocrat total and gaining a share of power in every ranjoT Italian city except Rome and palermo ' •• T - rough all of this period the Ullit d states involveq elsewhere around the world saw no reason to change its poli cy toward Italy Prior to the apertura a sinistra -in 1963 in' which the United States enco irageCI the Chr istian Democrats to form an alliance with the Italian Socialist Party PSI in order to increase the anti-conununist majoritYr American of i'icials ret lrded the Socialists as untl' lstwOl thY fellow trr we I11 S of the Communists Embassy officers were severely circumscribed in their contacts with Socialists and a succession of American ambassadors made no secret of their s ympat'hy with t and affinity for the forces of the Center and Right ' The alliance between the Christian Demoexats and the Socialists was marked by frequent squabbling I change's of goverrunent I ' mutual recriminat ion unresolved scandals J and a continuing ' str lgg1e for control of the levers of poli tical and commer ial' power in Italy Tliis struggle was almost lways won by the Christian Democrats who were far ll1or numerous a nd deeply entrenched LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Do No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U'-S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 ' ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Page 3 ROME A- 53 During these years the PCI generally held its Iforound although it suffered setbacks during such events as the Soviet invasi of czechoslovakia in 1968 And it is now saf to say the Party slowli increased its acceptability· among an increaSing nUMber of Italians as a Party willing to function within a d mccratic framework ' One persistent barrier to the acceptability of the pcr was the offic ial Amer ican attitudt Through 1975 American officials regarded the Communists much as they h d regarded the Socialists in the 1950's Official contacts were severely circumscribed confined usually to one middle-grade Embassy officer who met from time to time with the shadow PCl Foreign Minister Additional contacts J it was feared would give the COIl'Llllunists IIrespectability although by this time the PCl had become Italy's second strongest par ty and could count on the regular support of 30% of the electorate in national elections It also pad predominant influence in italy's· largcist labor feder tionl trong support among Italyts middle classes 1 and an extremely l nfluential following 'among artists intellectuals academicians and university students iOJ 1 Thus it was not nntil 1974 that an Americ n a bassador was willing to travel to B- logna in an official- capacity' and pay 0 routine courtesy call pn the city's Communist Mayor ' In ' 1975 two leading PCl members were refused Vi$BS to travel to the Uniterl States in responSe to invitations from the American a «dvmic cor ununi ty because it_was feared that if a Communist Party official travelled to the united states ill his Party capacity it would signal to Italy's politicallyattuned America watchers that the United States no longer ' opposed PCl entry into the l1ational government Many people in both Italy and the ·united Sta'tes believ8d that if American opposition to the PCI was no 'longer 'credible 1 the last remaining obstacle to the Commuriists would fall away I b ACCOl d ingly the Uni te l states continued to' associa e itself with the ·Christian Democrats anel support a wide range of attitlldes M tivities I and organizations that appe lrecl to he of value in opposing he PC - H umors of alleged American covert activities were frequent and it was widely assumed although never totally proved that the United States had mnnipulated the 194R election in favor of the Christian cmocrats and had r emanded that· they take a harder stance against the Comnmnists It was also widely Rssumed that subsequent to 1918 the United States had funnelled large amounts of money through the CIA and the AFL-CIO to various anti-communist politicians organizations Rnd causes UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 -- -- --- --- --- -- --- ---- ------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 LIMI'I'ED OFFICIAL USE Page 4 ROME A-53 While many Italians especially a iiong the consel'Yatives appeared to accept reports of these activities as natural and nothil g e'''tl'aord'inary a growing number of Italians began to expr J resentment rmd outrag'a at what they regarded as hlatant interference in Itnly's internal affairs Since the 'Christian Democrats were widely conceded to be corrupt and to hive defaulted in their conunittment to seek signifi0 ant social reforms many Italians began to bel ieve that the principal obstacle to hltilding a modern democratic Italy was not the pcr but the Christian Democr ts In other words the Christian Democ t'ats began to lose their legitimacy as a credible ruling party 'Many were qilicl to add that c'ontinued American support helped to maintain the old guard in ower and to blunt any impetus for c ange within the Party or any efforts from 'outside to oust the perennia 1 Christian Democrat power structure ' Such in l l ief and simplified form was the political situation co-nfrontiI g American policy at the end of 1975 B OLD DOGS rO CARRY OUT NEW TRICKS In early January 1976 the New York Times reported that six milli6n dol1ar had been channelled to Italian political figures and organizations through the CIA to help prevent further Communist gains after the June 1975 elections This report which was followed by the tacit admission from official'Rolrees that plans along these lines had heen developed but that no funds had actually been spent was based on leaks emanating from those with access to reports on CIA activities being pl'epared by Seriate and House Committees investigating alleged CIA abuses This story was followed by a daily barrage of further revelations including 1 names addresses office and telephone numbers of Embassy eportedly working for ' the CIAj 'emp oyees ' '2 politicians and organ zations which had supposedly received hares of the six million dollars and other alleged eIA activities in Italy 3 reports that a total of 75 million dollars had been spent' in Italy for covert operat ons by the CIA since 1945j ' 4 information showing'that American multinational firms and the AFL-CIO ha'd also spent millions of dollars in political' contributions and labol union pay-offs to encourage resistance to Communism ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 ------------------------ --------- --- -------- ------- ---- - -- -- - - -- - - - -- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 '· LIMI TED OFFICIAL USE Page 5 R0rlm A- 53 Since these charges relat d mostly to payoffs to politicians and political parties an activity long since assumed to be widespread rlnd ngaged in by a variety of powers including the USSR and CI L ain Middle East states these reports were regarded as scandalous ieprehensible and corrupting by many but hardly surprir ing ' Nevertheless 1 the DlallY Italhtns who had come to deeply resent American policy and intSrference in Italy were given considerable reinforcement for their feelings Their reactions were not long in coming in th e form of newspaper edt tor ials I magazin articles and a perceptible if not quantifiable cooling of attitude of some useful Embassy contacts who had once again become aecessible after the animosity generated by the Viet Nam war had receded ' More serious was the report on January 28 that a former American ambassador to rtal who 9srved from October 1969 to February 1973 had channelled $800 000 in unaccountable funds to General Vito Miceli then head of the Italian Intelligence service SID The repol t emphasized that the money was to have been used for IIpropaganda purposes lt and that the project had been initiated only'over the strong objection of the CIA stacion chief in Rome In 1974 Miceli was implicated in an abortive rightist c ' 1p attempt that had taken place in 1970 removed from his post nd indicted While previous reports of CIA activities involved financial payments to various pa r ties and individuals of the non-Conum mist political spectrum this report rai c the question of the ambassador's involveme t in and instigation of activities against the Italian state Although it was immed iately reported that the peridd of the ambassador's generous support for General Miceli occurred in 1972 1 two years after the coup attempt I the nature of the alleged if initiative brought a new dimension to the long history of i''''American· covert operations in Italy App rently for thE ' rt J time an American ambassador had funnelled upwards of a'million I J ' dollars to e head of a foreign intelligence service·to support and promote anti-communist activities How the money was spent was left ent rely pp to General Miceli and no accounting was ever giv n Such a project one must assume had the approval of those of the ambassador's superiors in washington who were familiar with it Further Miceli was widely regarded in Italy as far enough to the right to be outside the democratic spectrum and'to be close'ly allied with elements of the fovimentp Sociale Italiano MSI the Italian neo-Fascist Party As such and as the presumptive heir of 1 11 1880lini MSI supporters were repellant to all but a very small segment 5% of Italians mostly nostalgic Monarchists 1 contemporary Fascists and resentful pockets of the lower middle class who felt encroached upon by every ody Of course the MSI was staunchly apti-communist -----'-- --UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm nt of State Case No F- 016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED - I elitist 2 nc J pro-NATO and this is apparently what made it nil attrac ' 've ally for the aml assador and General Miceli In any case 'Ieral previo1 ls American ambnssadors notably Clare Boothe Luce 1953-57 had demonstrated their affinity for the MSI and the far right of the Christian Democrats in various ways It was particularly painf'ttl to observe that the United States which played the principal rele in the defeat of Italian fascism during World War II had apparently become through the ambassador I s act ions in 19721 its prine ipal outs ide supporter li urthe r the ambassador's relat ionshtp with the rightist and conspiratorial General Miceli gave dramatic impetus to an ugly supposition that nn American ambassador had by implication supported · a subversion attempt ga inst a friendly and allied state • As aclclitiomil revelations from the Congressional conunittees cascaded through the American q nd Itnlian press every dnY1 many peopl were imp ll d to ask themselves what had been the l'E sul of American p'olicy and activities in Italy over tha years Here are some of their conclusions i American intervpntion and perhaps especiatly Marshall Plan assistance I undou· tedly was a factor in keeping the Communists from power in the early post-war years The United States was also instrumental in securing Italy for the Nl TO can and trade ties were a vital factor in Italyts outstandilJg i f uneven ·performance of the In te 1950' sand 1960's j 2 Amel'icn's staunch anti-communism may have slowed the rn te of advance of the PCl but it has not prevented ·its· coming to the briny' of national powe r 1I1any argued that in a de facto sense the PCl already plays an active role in natrona ' k ision-making Nor has the lack of an American benediction prevented the PCl front steadily increasing its strength as a result of the internal dynamics and tensions of Italian society a 3 America's contin1 ling support for the DC--tParty now blamed for most of Italy's woes- has raised widespl'ead op 1lOS it ion to US policy and presence in Italy i which has traditionally been the most pro-uS of Western European countries Continued heavy'-hallded covert futervention in Italy has undermined the very 'policies we have wished to promote nnd hns reslllted in c r'JCl tly increased credibility and LIMITED OFFICIAL USE F UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSifiED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 LiMITED OFFICIAL USZ Page 7 RO m A- S 3 popularity for the pcr They are now ahle to appear quite 1S the pRrty of reform inclepondence 1 1 1 nationalism Blundering U - i lpport fol' t 110 ' Il ' Isti ' lr·ocrats h 1S hnrmed th8 t party t s c cd ibili ty blunted its fledging internal reform mov01r ent a nd allowed the PCl to appear more independent cif Moscow than the DC is of Washingto l respectallll l On a nar ower scale these massive and continuing American covert activities ruis several questions 1 what r-esnlts does the united States have to show for the $75 million reportedly spent ·in i m'el 't activities since 1045 The DC is a shambles the pcr is stronger than ever both US image lU1d influence are at an all time post-war low anyone ·named as a l'ecipi rt f COv0rt i tm s has been hax'mc J politicall perhaps· il'revocahly many US government nd busiv ess er 1ployees in Italy und els Where ha'' t 1e Hl pl • ced in personal jeopardy and have seen their effectiveness compromised the lahar unions which the Un ite·cf Sta tes cultivated so a sslduously are remote from American importuning and influence · the nOll-Communist democratic forces in Italy have b en weakened and their tl'adit i onal respect for the United tates sorel ·tested ruld those forces which desire Italy to leave NATO and adopt a more neutral for-eign policy have ·bee·n strengtllE ilE' t in imnensurablc hllt undeniable ways Surely t to survey this wrec tage and suggest that some changes lu'e hece Sf y is r inajo ' tmderstatement c WHAT rS '1'0 Dr VONE There ·are obviously many policy considerations Which go well beyond ihe unique and det riorating situation in Italy I 1 Jt one of tliese is the urgent necessity for the Executive and vr ti' Legislative branches to 'wI or k out effective and more sharply 1 ' l'' defined g ictelil'les and oversight procedl1res for CIA operations -rJ'11 Another to furnish credible cover a ld reliabl security····· J f I J p 'otection for CIA employees overseas without undermining - - 7 l -J 1' L the credihility of the diplomatic function and weakening iiI tI Ji t e effectiveness of diplomat ic officials I However the ' iI 1 ·following modest sUf gestj ons relate especially to Italy I J i and are limited to initiatives which appear to be imnlediately feasible Ok i pr i s J l' fo 1 • Short-term initiatives a ·Announce pdblicly that no CIA funds have been used to suppor _political figures or·organi ations in Italy since early 1973 f this is in fact the CRse LIMITED· OFFICIAL USZ ••• P • ' I -- ' - • ' ' V' i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case o F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Page 8 ROME A-53 l h l - I r J Uf J L f t r if' ' 1 J r IJ ' II I f' Y· 1 I sl 1 Announce further that no such act ions tire contempl ated c Make it c· 1' thnt giving large amounts of money which eel nnot be aCCOUHtcd fo ' to persons or orgn nizat ions outside the spectr lm of trad itional clemocratic forces is repugnant· to the United states n rl contrary to our polic ies ' d He ffirm puhlicly the correctness of Ambassadol' Volpe's decision to halt further payments to and contacts with General M iceli e Re-el lphas ze the American· hope that the democratic forces in Italy continue to prevail and that American ncouragement for these forces to push for democratic and social reforms desired by the Italian people will be a major aspect of ollr flltl lre 'attitude toward Italy Add that both bila·teral 'and NATO ties irisure that the US will encournge and assist by overt men-ns a wide-ranging increase in cooperation in fielas in ru ling trade and conunerce science ane technology nJ1 ltual security and cultul'e and media with special emphasis on the cademic communities in both countries Direct principal us gEHl ' ies with primacy in these fields to suggest fE' ls i ble and mutually beneficial projects to be negotiated and funded b i latern lly or within organizational fl'ameworks ll1cll as NATO as appro' ·i te On the US side appropriate nn itlTJount of monev at least equal to the sum we Were pro pared to waste 011' now-counter-productive covert operations f Step- J he program of de'velopillg contacts and or ties with the qemocratic left begltn by the present ambassador Many addi ional specific actions to supplement these general suggest ions C ll be develope d The overall purpose is to change our policy from one that appeal'S to many to be both totally negative nd a failure J to one that has many positive elements apr has a good chance of prodUcing sllort-term results 1I'101'e specifically our justifiable suspicion ·of ' and hostility to the r I should be based not on the steril anti-communism the 1950's but on the vulnerabilities and coniradiction of the Party's activities in the 1970 s in the context of ItalY'5 complex domes tic situation of It does not require power of clairvoyance to see what PCI accession to power would do to both our interests in Italy and the fragile forces 'of Italian democracy 2 Long-term suggestions a Increase INR's research capability on Italy ' especially in areas where PCI performance ideological contradictions totalitari n remnants nd ties with the Soviet Union can be exploited Where appropriate enlist the cooperation of the American academic conunullity ' Serious joint projects should - - 1 _ ' - _ 1_ • ' • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 UNC SIFIED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Page 9 • I nOME A- 1 3 b Work with mtll t inational firms operat iag in Italy to establish gel al guidel ines regardinl political cont r iblit iOllS I hiring an d firing policies I and accountability to host governments 3 'Policy Toward the PCI Slowly' expand contacts with the pcr across the spectrulll of its influence on a gradual controlled hasis The purpose would' be to learn mOl'e about internal divisions n nd 01' conflicts which might or m ight not be exploited 1 as well as to determine what elements 'among the PRrt yf s ·sl lpporte 's might· be more attracted to it as a refo rmist force than' be'cause of doctrinaire Conununism Another need is to develop a better capability of dealing with the PCl a should th ir power on a national level require it b Abandon the us'e of visa regulations as an element of conferring respectability rt brings U2 only ridicule and ohscures the truism that' if the only thing preventing Communist accession to power is the free granting of ViSRS tc pcr fficinls the amp is already lost CONCLUS ION D Policy obviously has to be'developed with more than one count y in mind especially for a world power like the United t t 3 with many complex and tnterwoven' interests to take into cons'ideration HO vever if domestic developments in countries of basic importance to us continue to be ignored by thos e who must think and act in global terms we can only expect further dehacl s such as we are now experiencing painfully 'in Italy It is simply impossible to preserve the internal sta tus quo in allied countries while we joust with the other superpower 'l'rying to do so makes US seem at best I n dve and heavy-handed bumblers cOl posed of equal parts of confusion m sdirected idealism self-ri theousness amI ar oga n ge At wo cst we are regal'ded as inveterate me ddlers and--Jly p o m i tes willing to use any means and to sacrifice every democratic- ideal and legitimate desire for social reform to an overweening thi st for political control and economic influence However overdrawsl and simplified both images are it ha rd to deny that there is some truth in both pictures U fortunately the e ar i ages that have been stimulated more by our own actions than by the machinations of our J J I I is adversaries LIMITJ m OFFICIAl J SE - -' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 U SIFIED u s DE partment f State 'Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C96431370' Date 11 13 2017 J JIMITED OFFICIAL USE Page 10 ' ROME A- j As far as Italy is conc01'ne'd I there is l1 V an excellent opportunity I which Will probably last for only a few weeks to repair the b- evous damage to our' interests here' by past policies and individuals '1'0 do so' w uld be to re tore relat ions with one of Onl most important allies to a sound footing to halt the er0sior in the support· for our presence and interests h6'1 e among ti e talian populace to assist ihe recovery of the most important golitical force i Italy which is now demoralized and in disarray t least in patt 'because of American errOI S i and reinvigorate the forces which have struggled to preserve Italian democracy during difficult and frustrating yea s This is the kind of opportunity which does' not come ofte'n but which would be '8 true indication of whether we really care 'about preserving our interests in Italy and truly underst nd the faciors which threaten them VOLPE 1 iJ J j ' LIMITED 07 ICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 ---------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431701 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' - ___ _ c • _' d' •• __ ' ' BRITISH EHBASSY WASHINGTON O C 8 July 1977 ···s 99 ACTION is assisned to -The President The l hi·te Hous mr i I have been asked to pass on to you the enclosed message from the Prime· inister on the subject of continuing United States' membership of the Inte national Labour Organisation 0 - j 0 0 c ' I - - f i -' c ' -' I 00 cO John Joreton ti Charge d'Affaires' be or -0 ' State oIr Stephen orrel Bureau of' Korth European Af f ai'rs t Dep rt ent ox St te r -t 3 rr' Z i -i- The Hon Cyrus R Vance Secretary of St tet Department c ro 0 - - - • J fA -rl rr UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471697 Date 01 11 2018 EMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA RELEASE IN PART 86 October 18 1972 Honorable William I Cargo Director Planning and Coordination Staff Department of State Washington D C Dear Minister Cargo Some time has now passed since your letter of August 1 1972 and' I would be appreciative of any information you could pass on to me concerning Personnel's review of 3FAM629 I AS you are aware I I is now o -board in the Department's pouch room and has spoken to rour staff concerning this matter At though I Jis no longer on my staff here in Guatemala it' is my full intention to pursue this matter to the fullest utilizing whatever means are available to me to correct this injustice as it applies to the case of 86 86 86 L I_ _ _- ' Quite frankly 1 am not certain from your letter of Aug-' ust 1 whether you support our position or whether you were simply informing me that you were hopeful of an early decision one way or the other Should you be in agreement with I I's case I IOU Id be most grateful of any support you lould offer on our behalf • 86 Vi says hello 'and sends her greetings to all the Cargo's Sinc rely yours 86 I Guatemala City Guatemala - ----- --- - _ __ - ---- -_ - ---- - -- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471697 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472503 Date 01 11 2018 TEUGRAM Oepartment Of State ' 1 - o J A' LIMITEq OFFIcIAL USE PAGE 01 STATE IRELEASE IN FULL 125373 42 ' ORIGIN SS-14 INFO OCT-01 BY ORAFTE 1015 R I II ' • 0 ' ' S PC'HJ PIROI K 7112 72 X22576 APPROV D BY S PCtWICARGO AftANAVEZ SiSIPHILLER 05336 R J 1703Z JUL 72 rM SECSTATE WASHoe TO AMEM8ASSY TEGUCIGALPA • '0 • • I DISSENT CHANNEL FROM DIRECTOR S PC SUSJI REFI l' DISSENT MES AGE FROM TEGUCIGALPA ON BURUNDI TEGUCIGALPA 02313 THIS ACKNowLEDGES RECEIPT OF YOUR OfSSENT THE VIEwS XPRESSEO IN THIS MESSAGE WILl REcEIVE FuLL ATTENTlCN IN THE DEPT INITIAL DISTRIBUTION OF ·THIS Tf LEGRt M HAS BEEN MADE TO DEPAIHMENT PRINCIPA'LS 'THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF THE DEPT THE ASSlaT NT SECRETARY' 'fOR AFRICAN AFFAIRSJ AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OFP CA LE CHANNE MESSAGE CONTAJNED IN TEGUCIGALPA 02313 2 A S0SSTANTIVE REPLY TO REFTEL WILL BE SENT OLLOWING DEPARTMENTAL DISCUSSIONS' 3' REFTEL RAJSF D TO LOU' IRI- JN LIMITEq OFFICIAL USE V -_ _--_ _- _ _--- - - '----- _ --_ - _ -_ _--------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472503 Date 01 11 2018 -------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472801 Date 01 11 2018 OEPARTM ENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 LOU with SECRET Attachment TO T - Dr Tarr Mr PM - Mr ·AF - Mr EUR - Mr INR - Mr Sis - Mr OFP Mr EB - Armstrong Spiers Newsom' Stoessel Cline Barnes Salisbury IRELEASE IN FULLI C r Cargo FROM S PC - William SUBJ Dissent Channel Message Attached is a copy of Airgram A-23 dated February 7 1973 a dissent channe l message received from' three members of the Political Section in Addis Ababa We have acknowledged receipt of this message in a telegram to Addis Ababa I have designated Mr Herbert J Spiro ext 22576 as th S PC action officer on this message to coordinate any further response Attachment Airgram A-23 dated 2 7 73 LOU with SECRET Attachment - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472801 Date 01111 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472984 Date 01 11 2018 ' ' ' 0' I oil ' ' r 1 -' I ' ' -- _ - _ - - -- - • RELEASE IN PART 86' ' ' ' -- --- --- -- UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT Memorandum I Mr TO FROr i Ray nd t DATE August 27 1974 Smith Chairperson S P·OFP I GS Quito 86 Dissent Channel Letter SUBJECT State 184093 Quito 5375 REF Enclosed please find copy of Dissent Channel Letter as sent on Feb 25 1974 from Tegucigalpa Honduras as requested Reply will be greatly appreciated as the_subject is of considerable importance to several employees working in the Administrative area i I· GSO -1_ - - - J Jr mele I UNCLASSIFIED Buy U S Savings Bonds Regultlrly on the Payrolt Stlvings Plan 5010·100 • 0 r • ' ' ' • '0' •• --- 0' ' ·c· t' ' ' f S Iiot • t of ' 4' ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472984 Date 01 11 2018 86 co 641696 3 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416963 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 9 ' • _ _ _ _ ACTION COpy 'PAGE al ACTIOK SP-91 INfO ROllE 181117 A 1 1143 2 JUH 11 fll AIIE OASSV RCKE TO SECSTATE IIASHOC - i ' fl'rj'i i f'i I 1 Li i ' -' j' -i i T '- - -- LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Department of State 1II6l4Z ocr'''1 S-g1 Iso·sa 711 19 4 I -· ··--------------929279 21mSl 164 m 1I111TED OfFICIAL USE ROil IOU - E n r ' M ' r II 86 RO E IMID 'INC'OMrNG TELEGRAM 211634Z BEliEVE IS A GRAVE RRO PARTICULARLY T TRE SME TIll WE ARE AK DUKCING A IIJ1KORAIIAL-Of U S GROUnD fORCES THE THREAT Of NUCLEAR RESPONSE SHOULD IN IIY OPINION SE KEPT OPEN S I oULD SUGGEST THAT fORMER SECREHRY OF STATE RUSK BE COHSULTED PARTICULARLY ON THE ISSUE OF THE DECLARATION OF TKE SIXT£EN AKD ITS IKPlICATlDIlS IN THE TRUI1AII ADHINISTRATION HE liAS ASSISTANT SECRETARV fOR UN AffAIRS ARD liAS PERSONALLY FA ILlAR WITH THrSE DECISIONS I PARTICIPATED IN DISCUSSIONS OF THESE ISSUES VITH H' LArER IK 1964 HEN HE liAS SECRETARY OF STATE GARDKER • FROIIIL -____________ I THIS HAY MOT BE APPROI'iliATE FOR THE DISSENT CHANNEl BECAUSE THE COMENTS ARE ADDRESSED TO OffiCIAL STATEHENTS AND PRESS REPORTS ISSUED ELSEIIH£RE I ITKDUT KNO l EDGE 0 THE FULL POliCY OElISEaATlONS INVOLVED AS THE OFFICER HO HAS SPEHT THE LONGEST TIllE VORKING oM kOREAN P'OLI1ICAL SECURITY HATTERS u s ARIIY tllllTARY GOVERNnEHT 194 -194R DEPART ENT I ORK ON KOREA 1978-15$5 AND 1961 -19651 HOllEVER I H£L CONSTRAIHED TCI CALI ATTENTION TO SOH KEY POL ICY corlSIOERAT IONS THAT I FEAR nAY BE LOST SIGHT OF IN THE CURRENT ARGUMENTS ABOUT A SCHEDULED III rHORAI AL OF U S GROUND FORCES FRon KOREA 1 THE EY paiNT I S Rot THE PRESEIICE OF U S FORCES PER SE BUT THE CLARITY OF THE U S COMMITHEHT TO DEFEND SOUTH KOlIU AGAINST ANY POSSIBLE RENEIIEO AGGRESSION THE PR€PONOERANC OF SOUIH KOREAN' POPULAlION AND CONOllle STRENG H OVER NoaTiI KOR1 A Arm IHE ClATIVEl V EVEN • nlllTARY BALAKCE BET I£EN THEH ALSO AilE LARGELY IRAHEVANT HAVING EXISTED EVEN AT THE TIHE Of 1950 IT IS NOT SO HUCK TO NORTH KOREA THAT THE SIGNALS OUR COIIMITnENT lUST BE CtEAR AS IT IS TO CHINA AND THE SOVIET UNION WITHOUT HOSE INVOLVEMENT ORTH KOREAN AGRESS I011 COUL D NIlT HAVE TAKEN PLACE AIID llaul D BE VilLi KEL Y 1M THE FUTURE AND IT I NOl ONLY SOUTH KOREA THAT IS AT STAKE BUT ALSO JAPAN ONE Of HOSE OLD LEADERS APTLY HAVEIKC POINTED OUT THAT KOREA IS DAGOER AlliED AT THE HEART OF JAPAN or 3 THE PRESEHCE OF U S GROUSD FORCES IS NOT A PERHANENT OR IHIlUTABLE NECESSITY BUT THE IMPLICATIONS OF THEIR WITHDRAIIAL SHOULD BE HANDLED CAREFUllY THE NO TH KOREAN AGGRESSION OF 195B FOLLOIlED ONE YEAR AFTER THE VITHDRA I OF U S MILITARY FORCES AND A'HER STATEnENTS Of U S FORE1GN POlley NO COllGRESSIONAt LEADERS HAD IIISlED NORTH KOREA THE SOVIET UNION ARO COn UNIST CHINA tKTO 8ELIEVIHG THAT SOUTH KOREA HAD BEEN PLACED OUTSIDE OUR PEA IIIETER o DEFENSE THE OOYIOUS PSYCHOlOGI CAL AND POll CY FACTOR TO CONSIDER HOII IS I 1IETHER AFTER KE CONKUHIST TAKE-OVER IN VIET-HAIl AND OUR CHANGES OF RELATIONS IIITH CHINA A IIITHDRAIIAl OF U S fORCES FRon KOREA laHRDRTH KOREA CHINA AHD THE SOYIET UNION TO BELIEVETHAT OUR DEFENSE COIlIIITnEHT 10 SOUTH KOREA AND JAPAN HAS CHANGED 4 OF EVEN GREHER IKPORTANCE THAN THE 'PRESEHCE f U S FORCES IS THE IKPllCAlIONS OF THE DElARATION OF THE SIXTEEN AT THE TinE OF THE CONSLUSIOH OF THE ARHIST ICE IN 19B II lHleH' lIE AND THE OTHER COUNTRIES IIHO HAD CONTRIBUTED FORCES TO THE UN HILITARY • ACTION IN KOREA O CLARED THAT IF THE ARIIISTICE ERE SROKEN WE WOULD RESPOND PROnPLY AND THAT IT PR08ABLY IIOULDNOT BE POSSIBLE TO ConrtllE THE HOSTiliTIES TO KOREA THIS VAS LEARLY A IIARHIKG UNCLASsiF'II ' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc o C06416963 Date 10 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476307 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 ' - - - _ ' - 'SEUREf - - - ' · J 1 Depal tntent Of State • I ••• f • PAGE 91 or 91 STATE 12549S ORIGIN Sp·02 I tlfO OCl-SO ADS-DO OilY-DO 1$14 DRAFTED BY SIP eFAI RBANKS In APPROVED BY SIP pl OLr01l1TZ NEA ARlI III1HOllElL HEAIIAI JHIRSCH PA OfISCHER S Of EHEAPHY DES IRED DI STR I BUll ON SIP ONLY 6 tHE STAlEKE t THAT ISRA l ·AlHOST FUlU CONTROLS· AJOR HADOAO'S FORCES IS AIIBIGUGUS H IS TRUE THAT AIOR HADOAO' S FORCES ARE HOLLY OEPENDEllt 011 ISRAEL FOR AHY CATEGORIES OF SUPPORT AIID THERE IS A VITAL AND DETAILED ISRAELI ROLE III TECHNICAL T1ERS ISRAEl'S PATROIIAGE Of IIAlOR HADDAD DOES GI VE I SRAn A HAJOR RESPONSIBILItY FoR nAKIIIG Kin BEHAVE ' A ORE' RUPOII- • SIBLE IIAY THE DEPARTHEAt BELIEVES THAt ISRAEL CAN AND SOtlElIHES ODES EXERCI SE tHE RESTRAIIIT THAt liE HAVE SOUGHT Ii BEliEVE THAt SINCE ISRAEl CAli L' 'T HADDAD'S AHHUIIITIOII SUPPlY HE COULD 1101 SU$TAIII SHHllIIG fOR A SUBSTANTIAL TIllE III1HOUT ISRAEL' S ACO'IESCENCE ALlHOUGH THAT IS NOT TO SAY THAT HADDAD SE£KS AND RECE IVES I SRAnl APPROVAL EACH TI nE HE OPENS fiRE nUBSl IS2 R 2729161 AUG 81 F SECSlATE IIASHOC TO AHEHBASSY BONn E O 110GS ROS 1 11101 OlfOVIll PAull faR LI_ _ _ _ JI fROM P Ul 1I0LrOlllTI DIRECtOR SIP • SUBJECT REPLY TO I IOISSENT CHANnEL HESSAGE ON LEBAIION POLICY '-----' REfS I TELEGRAM STATE TRYING TO STOP ISRAEli ACTIVITIES BUT unABU TO 00 so An IHPRESSIOII THAT IIDULO lltAKEN AI IIIP0RlAnT Assn Ii HAVE' THE HIODLE AU--THE BELIEF THAT liE A I INWEntE ISRAHI POLICY In FACT OVER THE Y£ARS THE UNITED STATES HAS BEEN ABLE TO neOlfY ISRAH'S CONDucT III som LEBAnOn BY PURSUING A COlRSE THAT TRIES TO FLEXIBLY COHDIIIE PU8L IC STATEnEHTS AnD QUIET OlPLDnACY IDOl R ··················B 6e31 OUTGOING 7 BUT IT IS PROBABLY HOT TRUE THAT ISRAEL 'ALHDST FUlLY CONTROLS· HADDAD'S fORCES III THE SEIISE or BEIIiG A8Lt to DETERIIIHE lIATEVER GOES ON In THE HADDAD T£RRITORY HADDAD'S DEPEUDEIICE DOES ROT IIUII THAt ISRAEL CAli HAKE HADDAO'S fORCES 00 lIATEVER IT IIArITS' VHHOUT IHCURRIIIG SIGHIFICAUT COSTS TO ISRAEl III IIDST CASES HERE onE NATION OR GROUP IS OEPEUDEIIl 011 AlIOIHER THIS ODES lIor ESTABLISH A RElATIONSHIP OF STRICT CONTROL BUI RATHER A RELATlOIISNI Of ItIFllEIICE DEFINED BY TACH BARGAIRING FOR EXAIIPlE A IIUHBER or FRIENDS OF THt UIlITED SUtES SUCH AS SOUTH KOREA ARE HEAVilY DEPEnDENT 011 THE UnITED SlATES FOR SURVIVAL BUT Ii HAVE REPEUmy rounD THAT Ii liRE IIOT III A POSI TlOU TO conTROl IHESE NATIOIIS lVEH III AmRS Ii REGARDED AS IHPORTANT BOIIII 06S73 S' ENTIRE TEXT 2 THE DEPARtllENt IS GRATEFUL fOR YOUR CDIITINUEO ATTENTIOn TO IHE lUANOIl PROBlEn AHa UllllED STAlES POLICY THERE VE HAVE RECEIVED YOUR ItESSAGE CIRCULATED IT AIID COIISIDERED YOUR CASE CAREFULLY • 3 YOUR CABLE APPEARS TO fAME THREE PO ITlOIIS lAl THAT AJDR HADDAO'S fORCESARE ALMST FULLY CONTROLLED· BY ISRAEL un T AI ISRAELI ·AGGRESSlON IS THE HAJOR DANGER to THE HlDEPEIiDElItE AIID TERRITORIAL IlITEGRITY OF lEBAnOll IIlIICH IT HAS BEEII OUR TRADITIOIIAL POLICY TO SUPPORT AHO 'IC THAf HI AEPORTWG THE fOREGOIHG SI1UATlOJIIHE DtPARTMEllT'S SPOKEsnAII SHOULD -TEll THE UUTH AS liE KNOll IT AnD ·LET THE CHIPS FALL WHERE THEY KAY · 8 OIlE TESI Of ISRAELI conTROL OVER MAJOR HADDAD IS lIUHEH ISRAEL COULD REPLACE HAOOAD IIITH An EOUALl Y SAJISFACTORY LEADER SHOULD HE fAIL 10 fOLLOII THEIR GUIPAIICE IT IIOULD APPEAR TO BE QUITE DIHICULHOR ISRAEl fO fino A SUBSTITUTE fOR IIUOR HADDAD lIO HAD COHPARAULl LOCAL STATURE OR IIlID HAD IHE SAl1E PERSOIIAL ClOSEnESS TO ISRAEl 4 In THE PAST IT HAS 1I0T BEEn OEPARTHEIIT OF STAtE POLICY lOR IHE SPOKESIIAII 10 HT IHE'CHIPS rALL lIERE THEY HAY · III EARLY EVERY PRESS BRIEfiNG THE SPOHESHAII DEtLl liES TO CO lllEUT OR GIWE rURTHER EXPL AllATlOI S all SonE SUBJECT IN IIAIIY CASES THERE ARE IIIDELY • HIIOIIN fACts BEYOND lIAT THE SPOKESHAII IS IIILLING 10 OlSCUSS THIS PRACTICE HAS BEEN SHAPED BY THE·BElIEF THAT IHE SPOHESIlAH'S ROLE IS PART Of UHlTED STATES OIPlOnAtv AS A lIOLE IHUS THE SPOKESIIAtl IS HOT CALLED on TO DISCUSS CERTAII SUBJECTS liEU THEIR PUBLIC DIS' CUSSION IIOUlO aE HARHfUl TO OUR BIPlOHACY OR to THE INTERESTS Df tHE UIiITEO STATES IT IS ALSO HISTAKEII TO IHPL Y IHAT HAJOR HADDAD AHD HIS Qum DIVERSE FOlLOlIlIIG ARE A fACTOR In LEBAnESE IIIE CREATED BY ISRAEL HAIOR HADDAD COULD NOT PLAY THE' ROLE HE DOES IIILEBAUOH OR EVEN SURVIVE 11I1HOUI GON' TlNUEO ISRAEL SUPPORT aUT IIARlORDS SUCH AS KAJOR HADDAD ARE A conHDII FEAtURE or PRESEUT·OAY LEBAhOII fOR-CEIITURlt lEBANESE POLITICS HAS BEEII CHARACTERIZED BY CHltrTAItIS lIO HEAD GROUPS or ARIIED RETAIlIERS LINKED 10 THEH BY RELIGIOUS fAHILY OR CLIEnTAGE TIES S IN IIIPLEHEtlJlNG THIS TRAOITIDIlAl callCEPTION OF tHE SPOKESHAII'S ROLE IKE OEPARTHEIH or STATE HAS aEEn GUIDfD III THE LAST FEll IIOIITHS BY SKEPTICISM ABOUT TNE USEfULlIESS Of PUSL Ie STATEHEIITS THAT ARE ESSEIITIAll Y RI1UAIISTIC THAT IS THose THAT EXHORI IIITHOUI AllY LIKELIHOOD THAT THEY VILL 00 AllY lASTIIIG GOOD IIlIEH IT DENounCE All ACTIVITY THAT WE ARE 1I0T ABLE OR IIILlIHG TO EFfECTIVElY HWDER Vt RUN TIIO RISKS OIIE IS to INCUR THE ACCUS ATION Of ·HYPOCRISY· THAT YOU AnACN TO PRESElIT POLICY THE OTNER IS TO SUGGEst THAT liE ARE Ie DURIHG THE anOHAN PERTOD LEBANESE fACTlOIiS ALSO SECAKE ACCUSTonEO TO SEEK fOREIGN SUPfORT AIlD THIS HABit HAS IIKEIIISE PERSISl O THROUGH THE fRENCH ANDAlE AlIO UP TO tHE PRESEltT HAJOR HADDAD IS JUST OIlE or HAllY EXAIIPLES or rACTlOIIAL CHIEftAINS IIUH EXTERHAL IES IN TODAY'S LEBAnON 11 ISRAELI JUSTIFICATIOnS rOR SUPPORTIIIG HAJDR HADDAD ARE HOST IIIPORIAIIllY RELATEO TO tHE REAL SECURITY THREAI tHAT ISRAEL FACES FRDII SOUTHERN LEBA lOll THE PLO IIH ICN REnAlHS FORKALLY PlEOGED SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476307 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476307 Date 01 11 2018 t PIli 'h Onl Departnl nt i of Stf lte OUTGOING TELEGRAM PAGE Ol OF 82 STAle U 49S TO THE DESTRUCT OH OF· THE ISRAELI STAH COIIlROLS SIGNifiCANT PORTIOIIS or SO'TH LEBAIIOH AlIO HAS fREQUEHtlY CARR lEO OUT ARnED ATTACKS 011 ISRAEL fRO THAT AREA EtiTREl CHED SYRIAN DOHINATION or lARGE PARTS OF lEBAtiOti VOULD BE A stRATEGIC COllCERH rOR ISRAEL HILE THE UNITED STATES HAS fREOU£NTl Y OPPOSED PARTICULAR ISRAELI RESPONSES To THE SECURITY PROBLEII ISRAEl FACES IN SOUTH LEBANON 110 AccounT OF THE TRAGIC SITUAl OII IN LEBAlIOH CAN IG ORE THE EXISTEflCE Of THIS PROm n f HAlL Y YOUR nESSAGE COULD BE TAKEN TO IHPLY THAT ISRAEL I SUPPORT Or-nAJOR HADDAD AIIO ISRAEli AGGRESSION ARE THE DilL V DANGERS TO THE TERRITORIAL IIITEGRITY Of LEBAIIOII THE DEPART £HT 00 5 lIDT BELIEVE THIS TO BE THE CAst Il A HUHBER OF PARTIES IIICLUOIliG THE ISRAELIS THE PAlESlIIlIAns THE IIAROI IlES AUD SYRIA HAVf CARR lEO 011 ACTions DISRUPTIVE OF lEBAHOII 'S IIIlEGRITY AIIO INOEPEND ENCE OVER TNE YEARS All EFFECTIVE U S PUBLIC AND DIPLOHATIC POLICY nUST TAKE ACCOUIIT Of THE IIEGATIVE ASPECTS Of ALL TH S CHALLENGES 14 FOR THE fOAEGOllle REAsorlS THE DEPARTHE T IEEts THAT YO R SUGG SIE POL ICY 1I0ULD IIOT ' PROVE OUR ABlrlTY TO DEAL' WITH THE LEBAIIESE SITUATtOIl THE COHPlEXlTm OF THE SPOKES AH'S ROLE AIID THE PRESENT TASKS COHfROIHIIIG U IT D STATES POLICY THE UNITED STATtS HAS CARRIED OUT A CO SISIEIIT POllCV Of SEEKING III THE DlrrrCUL I CIRCU STAIICES THAT EXIST TO RESTORE THE UIiIfY AND FUll IIIDEfEUD HCE Of LEBAIIOII lOU ARE AVARE OF IHE IInENSE EffORTS or AHBASSAOOR HABIB TO THIS EIID THESE EffORTS HAVE PROV IDEO THE -ONL Y COllSTRUCTI VE APPROACH THIiT AIIV AJOR POVER IS 11011 CARRVllle OUT TDIIARO THE LEBANESE TRAGEDY 1t1 THE LIGHT Of THIS rACT THE OEPARTHENT FEELS IT IS II CORRECT TO CHARACTERIZE u s por ley AS BAIIXRUPT If 00 HOl EVER APPREC lATE THE OPPORTUIIIlY TO H VE DISCUSSED OUR DlffERWT APPROACHES OP Nl Y AHD fRAIIHLY HRIG SECREt UNCLASSIFIED -U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476307 Date 01 11 2018 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416912 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE 'ItJ r Washington D C 20520 April 21 1977 MEMORANDUM 86 TO D HA FROM S P - Anthony Lake SUBJECT Dissent Channel Memo 1 t - This will acknowledge receipt of your dissent memorandum'r ll Changing united States CSCE Policy to Take the Offensive 1t Mr Philip Kaplan of the Policy Planning Sta£f has been named coordin tor iri charge of a substantive reply In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your memorandum has been s' nt to the Offices of ' he Secretary the Executiv Secretary the Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Chairma of the Open Forum as w 9ll as to the Deputy SE cretary the Under Secretary for Political Affairs thl Deputy Under Secretary for Management the Counselor the Assistant Secretary for European Affairs and the'Coordina or for Hum Rights and Humanitarian Affairs In accordance with dissem channel policy the CSCB Commission as an outside agency has not receiv ad a copy of the paper We commend your use of the dissent channel and will reply as promptly as possible to· ·the views you have submitted CJ ared S pt PKaplan NBoyer sip sIp I JHarringtOll VK UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case t- C F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416912 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446379 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART 86 Washlnglon D C 2OS20 DISSENT CHANNEL December 3 1976 MEMORANDUM O INR RAF - I FROM SIP - Jo Anne Arzt · SUBJECT A Bicentennial Tragedy -- US Policy On The Spanish Sahara 86' 1 This will acknowledge receipt of your dissent memorandum on US Policy On The Spanish Sahara Mr Donald Petterson of the Policy Planning Staff has been names coordinator in charge of a substantive reply In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your memorandum has been circulated to the Offices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy planning Staff and the Chairman of the Open Forum It·has also been sent to the Assistant Secretary's Office for the Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs We commend your use of the dissent channel and will respond as promptly as possible to the views you have submitt ed 11 r - vJ fiP· J cA I 86 'USJ-'l t 2- G· r 1 7h - _-_ _ ---- -- - -- ------- - - _ _--_ _- -- - _- ----_ - ----_ _-------- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446379 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN FULLI TAB A July 11 1974 SECRET - GDS Proposed Sale of Second DC-8 to Gabon Factual Summary The °Gabonese Minister of Economy and Finance entered into an agreement dated March 20 1974 with Seaboard World Airlines Inc for the purchase of a DC-8 63CF convertible cargo-passenger aircraft for a price of $11 200 000 The contract is contingent upon EXIM financing Gabon has deposited $400 000 but can recover this sum if it withdraws from the agreement at this time Applications for an export license and for EXIM financing have been filed The GOG has also entered into an agreement with UTA under which the French company would service and operate the DC-8 and an agreement lith Air Afrique whereby that airline would operate the DC- S when Bongo was not employing it for his personal travel In a letter to Ambassador McKesson dated April 13 1974 PreSident Bongo stated that the aircraft would be employed for his personal use In a note to the Presi-' dent of the EX 1M Bank dated March 21 1974 the Minister of Economy and Finance stated that the DC-8 would be used for Presidential travel and the carriage of freight to other countries except those not represented in the United Nations • In 1972 President Bongo pressured the Department to authorize sale of a DC-8 to Affretair a Gabonese-registered company He stated that the DC-8 was to be used for his personal use as well as for freight carriage within Gabon and between Gabon and Europe Because of published reports of Affretair's involvement in air freight traffic with Rhodesia the Department requested the Commerce Department to condition issuance of an export license upon the receipt of written a surances from the Gabonese that the aircraft would not be used in trade with Rhodesia Affretair provided written assurances to this effect but the Gabonese government assurances were only provided orally by the Minister of Transportation upon instructions from Bongo The export license was then issued with the further proviso tnat future sales of aircraft or spare parts would be conditioned upon Gabonese compliance with their assurances Though we have no firm assurance that Affretair advised the Gabonese government about this warning we consider this a strong possibility Prior to issuance of the export license in 1972 some officers in the Department were aware of sensitive intelligence information from British sources that Affretair was a front for a Rhodesian concern and that the DC-8 would be operated and managed out of Salisbury under Gabonese registry The conduct of the Department officers approving the sale under these circumstances is now the subject of an inquiry by a special panel convened by Deputy Under Secretary Brown The Acting Director of the Office of Central African Affairs h9-d earlier brought the matter to the attention of the Justice Department • On ' - SECRET - GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 SECRET 2 the basis of similar information from private conunercial sources including Air Afrique EXIM deni ed financing for the aircraft which'was then privat ely financed through the exporter and departed the united States October 14 1972 On October 28 the London Daily Telegraph reported that a Salisbury concern had acquired Rhodesia's first commercial jet a DC-a to be known as the sanctions buster Since that time the aircraft has been engaged in well publicized freight traffic to Gabon and to Europe The u s has received protests from the UN Sanctions committee and the OAU and there have been critical reports in the press of the Department's conduct Recently under UN pressure Greece announced it would in the future withhold facilities from the DC-8 The Netherlands is also seized with the problem of Affretair's use of its facilities The U S Commerce Department has rejected several applications for licenses' to export'spare parts to Affretair When Bongo first requested another DC-8 in a meeting on December 5 1973 Ambassador McKesson as he reported in Libreville 1093 - 7 Dec 1973 registered surprise and recalled unfavorable publicity connected with first purchase He Bongo brushed this aside as unconsequential and said that if it would make it easier for u S G O G would purchase plane directly rather than through Affretair and- he' would personally sign any documents we wanted so that no possible criticism could be attached to U S In April of this year Commerce acquired information from a U s citizen recently in Rhodesia that Bongo received a substantial sum annually from the Rhodesian concern to keep the DC-8 under Gabonese registry and that the same concern would be attempting soon to acquire another DC-8 in the U S also to be registered in Gabon This disclosure which raised the prospect of a repetition of the 1972 transaction was subsequently corroborated by reports from two u S aircraft _vendors that they had been contacted on behalf of Affretair by Frederick B Ayer Associates the S 'liss aircraft broker which had arranged the first DC-8 sale However closer inquiry by Commerce with the Frederick B Ayer office in New York disclosed that 'it was seeking a DC-8 55F for Affretair - hereas Bongo had contracted with Seaboard World Airlines to acquire a slightly different model termed a DC-S 63CF Coincidental with Commerce's investigative efforts EXIM Bank has sought information regarding Bongo's efforts through Air Afrique and UTA the French carrier which were among the private commercial sources which tipped-off EXIM about the true nature of the first sale In the present case these sources have corroborated Bongo's statement that he desires the aircraft for presidential travel or lease to Air Afrique These sources however may not be objective since as noted UTA has a contract to service the aircraft for Bongo and Air Afrique has a contra t to use it when not being operated for Bongo SECRET - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 3 SECRET Tpe Department has also sought information about Bongo's efforts through the British intelligence channels which revealed the Rhodesian link in·the last transaction These sources have not yet disclosed ny useful information concerning the pr esent case Finally the Department sought the views of the OAU on Bongo's request in light of that organization's earlier criticism of' our first sale Though the OAU never responded directly to our inquiry President Gowon in his former capacity as OAU President wrote to Bongo stating in part AS far as I am concerned your decision to buy a DC-8 63 aircraft for your personal use is a purely internal affair of the Republic of Gabon and it is not for the Organization of African Unity to give or ·rithhold consent about its purchase II AF does not believe this communication will in any way immunize the U S G from African criticism should the second aircraft be used in Rhodesian trade f41 L AF BKHufrrnan mmp 7 11 74 x-23736 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm nt SECRET of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 CO 641548 5 IED u s Department of State ease No ' F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415485 Date 10 11 2017 _ __4_---- 7--_ ----- _ __ _ _ _ BEST COPY AVAILABLE _ ' j' Acn0t ' II • RELEASE IN PART B6 J l _ _ _ __ RE'8852 1 1 ' oi e2 - Jr f 11 P 'p Ge' r '11 ---- -- - i 'f '7 t lo 1tZ - -2 INFO OCT 01'· ES 0i' iqQAI r 4 ' _ a· · •• _- RwwDPag51155 R 25H26Z MAR 77 PM AMEMSA SV DAMASCUS T 8ECsfATE WABH 2053 sec E j B it N 1 0F 2 0 A I 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H SV N 4 O ISR Hi'z ACT±O S OTENTXA LY GOV R En y DIVERQENCE a MUTUAL INTEREST SECRE' co 641548 5 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No CO 415485 Date 10 11 2017 ' ' - • • ' ' pS - - - riI • J _ _ _ - - - --'--- ----- --- - -- -- ----- - -- _ _- se CR 'j' O 5C I482 ' PAGE 02 ' 1 OF 7 2 - 51133Z ' 3 SVR j S AF U r I 5Hf RI'JONr n l SDUT LE9AlIJON A Gfo R8 TO HAV I 'IlIAl L Y C Ur r T 1 · C t 3Y SLiF P ISE 'K nn O NOT CTH S DES C NSCIOUB Y R tLXlED FUL I P t n OF a REl A1I 0 SHIP CF P K't' l L L l UTilt 1T Iqi 1 CH Arj EVE i '0 0 SlNCi EAKLY 19i SV IANe r D F Cm R L ATIVf L Y Af CUS ' i·1i r j· r f Eltn' Ai j - I L' r ' iI 'I Xi V I L ' 8 l 0 N l of 7Ci'I _ MAI TAX EC SD E ED CTA3 LiTY eTl ULUS INC i T rr OR SM PT F eVRIA GROUND F Rr S IN n SPO 8 TO CHAN HI j j'r j l 7A N CG A t i T3 I I i CON rH l' ' ' N S b iM'I i i r i E ' t 1 ' ' ··H · ct ''''·'' ' t J$ ··I - CR L'-i4 C t rUr U ' 1 V' U · P ·'l WITH EACH OTM R PT N THROU'H CFFICES TO AP LY XISTI G TlCiT NE SiTUATIO -l ND LEC2E NT I ''' r' ' L --A t - U S o ND 'r ' ' '''' ''' '''' CO ' f l rJ · T u JQRCAN1A GOOD G DU D ULES TO A I PF 'CE 1T O C t· F R d ISRAEl l ACK TkAT MoeT CE T STl LUS OI NOT N U Y THREATE iHEIR UN E LYING I T R STB AND A H D A ESTA CTI G l E2AN S LH T g AL STI IAN CCALiT O ATT XN t of GUeC SSIV Ljl AUS OF U QE 5TAND N R ACHgD OUTER %M T OF THIS I FCRMA AND MAKESH pf p OCe$R 1·IKr SnHN FCRtEs t L'o c H iO ADF' I T R O NA AT V AI 4 SVRO I foEL V RGENCe iN N SATiYAH AFFAIR iNti ESU T G 01S0 Z N AND DTH R O SE VER6 AS H V V X AstD RE5 M LL RC AMAECUB VANT G SOUTH pal T e n M e no OF F cn'j l IFF ClJL TIES C N i3F aU MARIZED ATkE B FLVI SV IAV8 ANO ISRAELIS CO PER ATED N LEBANON UT ISRA L S R UN XLL N TO CbQPE Ai TO ASSXST 9VR A to iMP EMZ T POST ARA _ SUMMIT GOAL OF T N NG SA K S CENT A PVER M NT' AUT to 0 RIi V Hl T0 SOU i H I 1B A CJ' I • He e x$lH t I I S P C lV PRE8E C OF SVRl N ADf T acps AT NA ATIVA AND S vnND It SiP EAT a THE I R l 1 r-d H R f 0 PER 8 A T R A' n 0 BV I 3 A l I EL ECT N CAM PA GN• AGN1 E I VE TH S ALTER U s f OF AFFAI COOL IG S CC Ei ' ' ' ' - ' - ' ' ' % 'I· t ' ' ' • • -0- _ c - I ' -' -I - r ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415485 Date 10 11 2017 I SECRET PAG 0 eS11 Z t ev _ WII LINGN 8S TO P y A G R T R RO E IN 6RING1NG PA 8Tl IAN INTO S TTLEMENT 'RoEE B ON TERMS ACCE TA lE TO ALL PA TIEe NO TO EXPLORE lTH eOME tOHFtDENce PURTH R ACCO OD 'lON TO lS AELis eXl TANCE' t RtGION CONFXD NC 'Ul OING PROC SS WHICH EC-ETARY KxaSlNG HE 'EO NURTUR OhLOw¥NG OCTOBER 197 1 O 02 N F%CANTL A'FECT OUR GR T R R GIONA tNTSR ST iN SEVERAl W YS MOaT OtR CTI V UNDfHHl1NtNQ' SYRIA $ OAHASe 01 e2 I AND W lCH lEEM D TO STALL WITH SIGNING OF 1i'5 $IN i ACCORD PICKeD UP O E MOHE TUM IN MuiATEO FORM OK SYRO·t RAf t FRONT 6E lNNXNG IN 10 S A NG L1N $ aUHMARXlEO AOOV 'ARA IN UNP ANN O ANO ijN eXP CT O HANH 8VR%ANS NO ISRAEL S lK MIDST 0' ExtRgM VtOL NC ANO MOUN I G P ES'UA $ GROPED ' O RO ft GtONAL teQ ODATI0N IN LeVA T ACCU TOH O Bv V lRS W R 01' eTI Rll ' PO ITtC 1 DE8ATING NO UlT RMtTTe NT WARFARE OTHE tTH susPtclQ AND HOGTILXfv THeySUDoeNT _FOU O THtM l VES ONP ONT O BV COMMON OANGEP TM THReAT 0' • RAOIC L STATE o THE%R eORD Rs TO R SARO EAtH O 9PiTE RIPeATeOL XPR s 6 O EeQ tNG8f %a C· U Tt T LY PEftMt1T C ABOUT 0 900 tVRIAN TROO 8 To ENTtR 8ANOH lND DESPITe RS THAT l RAELts MIGHT TAKE DVANtAG 0' TH£lR MI iTi Y WEAKNESS ON GQ AN $AO WK N HE D Tf MIN O IT ijA $ NeC RV DEP T O H% GO AN 'RO T O SOME MECHANl P' IN'ANTRV ANO MX Sl 5R1GlOE TO HE T WHAT H PE CEIVEO 45 GRE TER THRE TS IN L NON· AND ON IRAQI aORQE Ht E BOTH PARTiE$ RECEIVED OUR INPUT eE QRE T EY RE eHEO THEI OEr tSIONS T AtH CRlsts POINT T £V ULTrMATE Y RISKEO RE vlNG UPON THEIR OWN PE C£PTION O' MUTUA SE F INTERF ST TO VOLVE A STRATEGY THAT SUCCEEDED l' p @ CR T ri1 -- · _ _ t ' f----- - 1 I - Lr' - ' J t I -t' 1 h • • 'I 4- ' t • ' ¥ - ' _ t- -- ' 1 1 ' t t' 1 l h j ------------------_ _----_ _-_ _--- I 1 • _ t UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case I io F-2016-07743 Doc o C06415485 Date 10 11 2017 UNC SI IED u s Department of Sta te Case rN o FF -2 0i116 6- 00 777 4 3 M- 0t - - - - - - Doc No C o64 1 51' Date '11 13 2017 ' ' f A p - r- - -- - - ---- DEPA TMENT OF' STATE WUhlnKton O C •• 20520 ' CQNFID'SN'±'IP L 'J3UBIS DISSENT CHANHEL 86 ' i n Emb ssy New Delh India t DearL 1- - - - I 'I am writing in response to your Dissent chaim'e1 mes'sage on food aid to India New Delhi 2820 which could not have come at'a more opportune time An action memorandum to the Secretary had been prepared ' by NEA and EB' and concurred in by siP a few hours ' before your message came We immediately had the Secretariat hold up the action memorandum we put a ' forwarding memorandumon£o your message' and sent it forward to Nr Sisco and the'Secretary together with ' the action memorandum This is one of the best examp les of ti l ely us of the dissent channel in my emory 86 As you will s e from the NEA EB memorandum a copy of which is enclos'ed the discussion that they set ' forth was along much the same lines as yours and the recommendation which I SURPort came out ab the same place The addition of your special expertise and opinion ensured that the Secretary had a we l-rou ded set of views on which to draw in making his decision 'The secretary has not yet acted on he'question of PL 480 assistance to India the NEA EB memorandum' and your dissent together with Ambassador Saxbe's ' recommendation are still before him Once the decision is made it will of cou rse be c'omrnunica ted to' New Delhi ' whatever the outcome 'YQu can take sati faction in the fact that your proper use of the dissent channel was an integral input to the process of generating the best possible decision in the' faQe of ontendi g points of view ' eenFII EN'fIM EXf IS PISSENT CHANNEL UNCLASSIFIED U S Depa'rt ment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431351 Date 11 13 2017 1 · --------------------------------------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2916-07743 Doc No C06431351 Date 11 13 2017 - lA CONPIDEN IAL EXDIg DISSENT CHANNE' -2' ' On beh· tlf of myself and' the Se retary I to thank you for your contribution I want Sincerely yours j Winston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff I ' ' Enclosure NEA EB memorandum • ' ' ' ' I r Drafted S P TPThorntop vb x2l744 3 4 76·· Clearance ' CONFIDENTIAL EX DIS DISSENT CHANNEL S P OFP Peter I ydon UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431351 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 EPA RTM ENT OF STATE - Wasl inll Qn o e 20 20 SEeRE' £' ME MO RAN DU r 1 SIP - l-lr Winston Lord TO FROM PM - I __________ I i 86 DISSENT CHANNEL SUBJECT j The Secretary recently agreed to·permit a pakistani Air Force team to come to the United States to visit an LTV plant which manufactures A-7 aircraft This sudden decision reverses a policy of many months during which the Department has steadfastly rejected approaches both from the Pakistanis and the manufacturer requesting permission for' such a visit Our refusals stemmed from the clear policy enounced early last year which stipulated that we would be prepared to consider arms sale to Pakista 'l but only for de'fensive weapo s A-7 aoes not fit that definition ' I regret this reversal of policy Although the Secretary has only agreed to a plant visit it will not be perceived by many quarters as a very limited action It will have the immediate consequence of forcing us to permit-visits by Pakistani teams to other aircraft manufacturers Northrop I Fairchild and Douglas ' who manufacture comparable weap'on systems It will be perceived by the Pakistan Government the Congress the Indian Government and the manufacturers as the first step leading to an eventual decision to sell one or more of the' various aircraft types Based on a cost-benefit analysis the balance sheet would weigh heavily against the decision The potential costs might be a Continued' pressure by the Pakistan Government and their supporters for appr val of the sale of the aircraf bJ Potential excuse for the Indians to further improve and modernize their forces 'lith Russian equipment It is the SECm GDS _ _ I • z - __ _- _ _ 1· 'C '- ' UNCLASSIFIED U S _II - _ _ ' Department L State - '- - - - -- _ __ - _ --- - _ -_ Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 -2 military with the larly of tensions judgmknt that the Pakistanis cannot achieve parity Indians and that further arms acquisition particuan offensive nature can only lead to increased and not the stability that we hope to ·achieve c Further restrictive legislation by Congress in order to prevent situations or this kind from recurring The legislation under Congressional consideration no 'f is already restrictive and burdensome We should not invite further encroachments into Executive Branch legitimate spheres of action d Pressure from manufacturers' particularly LTV and their supporters for approval of aircraft sale On the benetit side we ght say that a this action permits the us to maintain a positive relationship with GOP although when one views the panoply of weapons that we are prepared to provide the Pakistani it would appear that the plant visit cannot be c ntral 'to maintaining good relationships b The decision may gain support foi other Administration initiatives from a small number of Senators who would view the visit sympathetically I c If the visit subsequently results in the sale of A-7 LTV will be able to keep its production line in operation and thereby save 15 000 jobs It has been LTVts contention that the sale to Pakistan is essential if its plant is to remain in operation after this year It is this latter benefit which is of particular concern I t may be the only justification that has any basis in fact It would however be the first· instance in my memory at least in hich a sale would be justified primarily on domestic economic grounds If the Administration ever finds itself justifying sales of defense ar icles and services essentially on domestic economic grounds then I think we can expect a major Congressional effort to'ful1y eliminate any flexibility that might be available to the Executive Branch In addition even without the Congressional aspects it would be poor foreign policy if arms transfers are to be dictated by domestic economic requirements SECRET i I --- - -- --- I -- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 - ---- - ---------------- --- - - ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F -2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 BECRD'f' -3- It seems to me that we must now face the prospect of two further decisions 1 I I a Preferably we should conclude that the plant visit is the end of this process and that no sale of offensive weapon systems will be considered ' b Failing to maintain that position because f either domestic or Pakistani pressures we must consider t-lhether we can make a virtue out of necessity Tha Pakistanis are interested in a reprocessing plant We have rai sed serious objections to this scheme If we must e should trade authorization for the sale of an offensive aircraft A-7 or A-lO or A-4 for assurances from GOP that it will not pursue the acquisition of a reprocessing plant I am loathe to suggest trading one bad policy for another but it may be that this is the price we will have to pay' Such a trade can at least be rationalized and might be acceptable to other interested parties such as Congress and India If we are to consider this trade-off then there is some urgency since lAEA will be reviewing the reprocessing plant sale prop sal in the near future II I i I ' PM 86 bpw 2 1' -0 -' 7 - 6 ----'x 2 33 a2 -- _ _ - - ------_ _----_ - __ ' - _ ' _-- '- _--- --- _- - ----- - - ' - -- - - ---- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department c f State Case No F·2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445875 Date 12 11 2017 f - - - _ - ' f' ft V·· _____ f -- Mi • 9 RELEASE IN FULL or PAGE r CILEArFY 3 SAMUI L E 72 STATE 118103 LI ITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 21 STATZ OR IG I N ARA-14 INFO OC -01 I50-0e LI ITEL 10-13 OfFICIAL USE 1191€3 AID-05 51L-01 057 R ICA-11 LA -04 B-0a £'RAFTED BY ARA RPP Jr·1O 'GRALY BT APPROVir BY ARA RPP CEFIKA ARA AND ESSTrVE P 09 2131 Z NA Y 7 e ------------------255156 101Z52Z 16 I 1M SECST ATS 'JP SHDC 'IO AMUI BASSY SAKTIAGO LI ITIr OFFICIAL USE STATE l1Ele3 E 0 11652 1 A ''LAGS HA B eI SU3JRCT AFt-CIO SOLltARITY VISIT - JM b2 1 2 3 REF -SAN ' IAGO 3329 1' AFL-CIO A PRICIA lS wI'IE GUHR U OUTLIf E OF - IMEASSY COOPIRATIOJ ANr COHCURS 'EUkT IVEPaOGRAi PREPARED FOR SU1JECT VIEIi 2 SOLIIARITY TIIM WILLIiG iO MIET WIfE Pir5111 T AND OR O'IHER GOe P EPRESE TATIVES SUGGESTED IK REtTEL BUT IKSISTS Ot PAETIGPAiIOK IE NEI IliG or TRADE UNION LIILERS ACCEPTABLE TO HL-C IO D·EF'AR M NT EELIEVES 'fEAT SUCH PARTICIPATIOE 5iOULD I CLUti SOME DEMORATIC LEADiRS EOT HiVOLVED wITH ROUP or Tt l • AFL-CIO HAS KO OBJECTION TO 'IEIS PROVIIIL GROUP OF TE§ Aun AIFLL CPD 'GRll 3 JESSE FRIrD AN OF AIEID dILl ARRIVE MAY 15 fO HELP LI IT3E OFFICIAL USE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 02 STATl 11S1e3 'FIEALIZ ARRAiG3MEETS 4 AC'IION FQUISTEL PLEASI ALVISI ·l ThLt 'IF-ERE IS AGREE ·IEl T CK IKC LUSIOr OF LEADERS OU'1'51D1 Jf OUP· OF 'I'EN Al r iT SO WHO 'IHEY 0 ULD BE I ANC LIMITEt OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445875 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476867 Date 01 11 2018 1----·----------------------------------------------------------------------------______ ___ u ·UNCLASSIFIED OUTGOING P· U Co t III U 1 iii d I J III 0 j I 1 Oep u-ulzent of S Cite --_T--- ElEGRAM PAai 61 Isam 5T ATE AOS·Oij ES-OI DRAFTED BY S P HJOIIES CJR BY SIP P ROGMAN II no KKIIIG ISUBs II OGP DKUR SCH II COHP lJuauS ISUBSI EAP EX EPOlnnll - wsom IDOl R 7 I APP £CIAIE YOUR 'BRIIIGIIIG THIS ISSU£ TO IIY ATTEN TIO I AIIO TO THE AIlEJllIOJl OF IHE OTHER PARTICIPAIIT ItIVOl VEO IF YOU BEliEVE 'IIE CAli OR SHOULD 00 AHYlHIIIG FURTrlER PlEASE LEI nE KIlOI SHULTZ II RnOlAIi 'S P p TIIO OEP£IIOEIllS nEEOS OF THE POST n IS ALSO CLEAR THAT eMI 9E OORE USIUG THE PIT • CATEGORY 'AI THIS POIIIl 'THEII THERE 5 115 110 NEED to PRESEIIT THIS AS A FUll DISSEnT CHRllliEL CASE TO THE SECHFIARY AIIO OIHER PRINCIPALS UlllESS tou lOUlO llllE US TO DO SO • ORI IH tIFD DCT-OO RELEASE IN • eOlS OPEII ORU JRr IIiERISOIl ··········· ······ l6$H l023131 138 P lOUUl NAY 8l FH SECSIME IIA HOC TO nf H6A SY SEOUL PRIO ITV UIICLAS STAre ISa ll DISSENT CHAlI IEl rROM SIP P II ROOHAII TOL I_ _ _-' E o Un6 lAGS APER SU8JECT FAMILY E PlD fHEIH AI rOSl • REF 86 IliA SHARED ArM PDSIIIOIIS SEOUL 5121 l AS I MEilIIOIIEO lASI IIEEK REPRESEliIAIIVES or THE POLICY PL AIIIIIIIG COunCIl IHE OFr ICE or IfAIIAHHEIiT OPERAlIom l f IMEOIAIE orFIC or THE VI DER SECRETARY FOR MilAGEH£IIl rar oFrlCE or IHE OIREtrOR G iERAl THE orFICE OF PER OlllltL I1AIIAGEHEIIT AIIO THE ECRHARY' S OPER FORun HAVe OISCUSSED YOUR IDEAS COIiCERIIIIIG IHE SHMlnG or A IERICAII rAlliL Y I W R POSITIOIIS BY 1110 OEPEIIOE IS V All PGRtED THAI II IS POSSIBlE TO CRtATE TIIO H F·rrIlE PII POSlTlOlll FRon O IE FSIUMn POSITIOII TO PRODUCE IHE SAME RESULJ l 7 10 00 r ls flJll TIH£ IHE PDmlell 10 aE SHARED OULD HAVE 10 BE REP OGR n EO FOR TIIO Hftlf·TIH£ PIT POlIIIOII AlID IHE EMPLOYEE E ICUMeERIII m POSITIOII IIDUlD BE PITS TH POST 1I0ULO I G THE FSll ml POSITiOn BEIIIG HPROGRcnllEO SO THAT IT COIJlO BE IOEllllrlEO IF IH£ POST LAlER l1 HtC 10 R OUE I ITS r ££S ABlISHnEIIT AS A fUH·lIIIE FSllIAFlf posITIon ' - l SlIleE HE IS ACCOUIIltO FOR ACCDllOIIIG TO THE EHPlOY tIIT eAIEGORY or'IN nPLO'fEES 1101 or IHE POSllIOIi IISElF rTE FOR THESE POSIIIorrs IIOUlO BE CHAR EO AGAIHST THE EAP BUREAU'S PIT flE moeAIIOII IF IHE fiE ALLOCAIIOIl OR PiTS VEp' IIISUFflclEll1 TO COVER II II OS I E BUREAU COULD REOUts A rR ISFER OF FIr F on fSU HE TO THE PI1 CATEGORY I THE JOS-SHARIII APPAO CH rOR AFHS COIJlO BE WI FJCIPl FOR fAnllY C LE AIIO HOlDS IHE POltrlTIAL FOR AllO lrrG lCRE SPOUSES TO PARIIClPAIE III ATM PROGRA S Oil IHE D1KER HAIIO THERE IlL BE 'CREASED PAPERIIORK A POTCliTlAl LOSS or THE IWiT lIur 101l L £Iio y THPT A rUll· HE FSH POSIlIOllll -TEMPORARilY· corrVERltO IO IVQ HALF-TinE PIT PO 1I10 IS AIID POIElIlIALLY HIr HtR A II · ISlRAllVE C OSIS FO T O EMPLOYEES HIIHER TH II II£ PROBlEn P EVIOIJ lY EXPLAIIIEO IlIE you EHBASSY r IRS 4D£ THIS R£GUESI S THE DEPARTnWT IIlll DI CU S IHIS ISSUE VOH Stout's AOnln COUI mOR I lIEIrHE VI ITS IIASKIIIGTO I • 6 Ll OF lH P RTICIP IIIS III OUR HEfJlUGS ARE III FAVDR or SPlIllIIiG TnESE PO lrrONS AIIO USIIi IKEn fOR UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case NO F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476867 Date 01 11 2018 co 6416964 IED U S Department of St e Case No F-201 -07743 Doc No C06416964 Date 10 11 2017 S'rATE 014560 150-00 ONY-00 PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 ' INFO OCT-OJ 0218 003 R RELEASE IN PART J DRAFTED ---- ---_ ------------------042114 042041Z APR 77 F·M SECSTATE I'IASHDC TO AMEM8ASSV BUDAPEST R CON F l O - 86 BY S P GSAUSTIN VB APPROVED BY 5 P WALAKE S P-OF NABOYER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P ONLY e N 'r I A L S A i' E 7456 I' 5TAOI5 I i DISSENT CHANNEL FOR _FROM LAKE I E O TAGS 11652 5HUM SUBJ ECT REF • 86 GOS XX 01 SSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY BUDAF EST 13 137 1 THANK YOU VEI Y MUCH FOR A iHOUGHT PROVOKI NG AND USEFUL DISSENT MESSAGE ON HUMAN RIGHTS YOUR THINKING ON A WIDE VARIETY OF POINTS IS MUCH LIKE OUR OWN 2 · WE ARE WORKII G i LONG A NUMBER OF LINES YC'U SUGGESTED THE SECRETARY IS CONSIDERING MAKING A SPEECH DEVOTED TO HUMAN RIGHTS HI IT HE MAY RAISE AND DISCV 'S A NUMBER OF THE Issues YOU RAISED SUCH AS THE TOOLS AVAILABLE ·TO US AND THE PRACTICAL P05S1eI ITIES FOR PROMOTING RIGHTS THESE ISSUES ARE ALSO 8EING STUDIED INTENSIVELY WITHIN THE' DEPARTMt NT AND THE RESULTING POLICY PAPERS SI- OULD REACH THE FIELD SOON 3 YOU IMPLICITl Y RAISED THE ISSUE OF THE RE LATIONSHIP OF POLITICAL RIGHTS TO MORE CLEARLY ECONOMIC RI HTS WE ARE LOOKING AT THIS 13ECAUSE OF THE ATTENTION GIVE N IT sOTH IN THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMA RIGHTS AND BECAUSe ' Of' l'rs IMPORTANCE IN THE NORTH-SCIUTH CONTEXT AND IN THE RATIONALE FOR OUR POLICY IN BILATERAL AID AND IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS TO SETTING LIMITS ON US HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY THE PRESIDENT 010 THI S WHeN HE SAID IN HIS MESSAGE TO PEOPL E OF Oi'HER NATIONS THAT wr WILL NOT SEEK TO OOMINATE rlOR DICTATE TO OTHERS WE ALSO INTEND TO MAINTAIN A BALANCE OF PUBLIC ACTION AND QUIET DIPLOMACY 4 FINALLY YOUR POINT THAT THE GOVERNMENT MUST HAVE A DIALOGUE WITH THE AMERICAN PUBLIC ON RIGHTS ISSUES IS WELL TAKEN SHOULD THE SECRETARY FINALLY DECIDE TO GIVE A HUMAN RIGHTS SPEECH WE EXPECT IT WILL RECEIVE WIDE ATTENTION AND CONTRI8UTE POSITIVELY TO THE OUALlTY AND EXTENT OF OUR DIALOGue' WITH THE F UBLIC AND CONGRESS WHICH HAS INCREASED AND IMPROVED MARKEDLY DURING THE PAS TwO MONTHS 5 AGAI N THANK YOU FOR YOUR THOUGHTFUL AND EFFECTIVE USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL ON THIS IMPORTANT SUBJECT VANCE CONFIDENTIAL __ _------ --_ _- ------- _----- _'------'-- _- ---- _--------- ------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416964 Date 10 11 2017 · ·· · I I j j J J I co 6416915 I'ED U· S Department -of State Case No -F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 April 19 1977 CCNFlDENTIAL MEMORANOOM TO FRCM I SIP -- w Anthony Lake ' o X-203 4 Subject DISSENT Channel the Offensive Changing United States CSCE Policy to Take This memorandum is subnitted in the dissent channel Distribution is requested as follows S D' P Ct' EUR SIP SIS D HA the CSCE Carmissian and M SUMMARY U S CSCE policy tends to treat the Belgrade Conference as an event synonymous with CSCE itself Most CSCE tiIre and talent in the Department therefore has been charmeled 'into pl for the Belgrade conference or into l imiting CSCE discussions with··Soviet·bloc countries to those matters finding favor with NAID CSCE experts Current U S goals for CsCE rrost recently stated to the WhiteHouse on March 19 I have stressed the use of CSCE to strengthen the NATO consultative rnechani rn while relegating canpliance to the Final Act to lesser importance Little more that two months ranain before representatives of the 35 CSCE states sit doon at Belgrade to work out an' agenda for the Fall CSCE review Inside the US govemment in Congress' and am mg the public sensitivities are being heightened as to what ought to take place at this meeting and what CSCE is maant to be H ver the Belgrade Conference is destined to produce a bland statanent of consensus at best even i f it says only that the participants coulan't agree on much No decisions on specific acts of canpliance to the Helsinki accords are likely to be made there The U S foreign pOlicy cannrunity has to cane up with sane new CSCE thought to parallel not replace extant t Olicy and planning for Belgrade New CSCE policy should be defined reccqnizing that decisions to exmply with the accords can be made only inside gove rnments and that the Firial Act gives only to signatory· governments the fonnal _standing to seek this' canpliance The emphasis of this new policy should be on increasing Depart1nen t and Embassy CSCE talent to augrrent bilateral and rmlltilateral CScE activity by the United States The goal w uld be to step up fonnal pressure on other signatory states to ccrnply to all provisions of the Final Act This pressure should canmence before the Belgrade COnference begins I and carry through it and beyond defusing any danger that an unsuccessful Belgrade venture might be interpreted as an ultirnate failure or end - of CSCE itsel£ END SUMMARY a l lFIDENrIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S De e rtment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 6 416 915 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 COOFIDENTIAL -2Did'CSCE PoliCX Change When U S Mministrations Clanged CSCE and the Belgrade COnference have presented an unexpected challenge to the Deparbnent Although Secretary Vance was asked to indicate early in February that this country VQlld continue to coordinate Belgrade policy with our NATO allies it was inevitable that the profound human rights camri tment of President carter would have to be factored into these plans The President f s repeated public statanents on the importance of the Final Act portended heightenai US emphasis on the character and outccme of tJ l e Belgrade Conference scheduled for the Fall 1977 They also suggested the propriety of a review and augnentation of Departrrent time and talent devoted to CSCE Nonetheless CSCE policy renained oriented to the desirability of convincing NMO allies that the pre-em inent CSCE priority was rallyipJ to a unifiai NATO approach to the Belgrade Conference Little tine was spent however focusin J on the politics of achieving this unity or detennining hOO or whether it would serve the West in fir1ding s to Soviet-favored CSCE initiatives These are questions· of g litics Lack of attention to the politics of NAID planning the p littcs of Soviet CSCE offensives or the politics of meeting Camnon Market priorities with reasonable US alternatives have led to a dilanma to1ay our closest allies for reaSons different than Moscow's may attanpt to sin 1le rut the United States as the' chief Belgrade troublemaker That monkey WOUld then be off the Soviet back A careful reading of reporting cables fran the latest NMD CSCE maeting lends credence to the suggestion that the fabric of oor NATOdirected CSCE effort has becane frayai or perhaps irrep rrab1y dcirnaged A careful discreet polling of views arocmg Department officers privy to the details and history of NA'IO' s planning for Belgrade would shed light on whether this is too extrene a statement The CSCE Conmission staff experts on Belgrade could offer additional thoughts as well Remedies They are necessary only to the extent that the following needs are recx gnized as serious ' - the need to del ineate a CSCE strategy parallel to Belgrade providing the rreans to maintain the centrality of the Final Act in CSCE matters even i f the Belgrade conference is a failure i -- the need to determine the merit of arguments heard in NATO that Belgrade planning itself be more flexible and incorporate more European priorities stressing discussidn of differences within NAm even at Belgrade rather than trying to paper them over and -- 'the need to go on the CSCE offensive with the patience and C'Cm'IDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Depa l11ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 -co 6416 915 IEb T s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 - o NFIDENTIAL -3finnness necessary to extract Soviet Bloc canpliance to' all Helsinki proVisions espec ally Basket III This last priority cannot be served in the long tem by the finite transitory character of the Belgrade conferenoo The need far canpliance to the Final Act began once signatures were set to the dOCUI'lent it will last long after Belgrade has ended of CSCE Policy -Basic Questiorts 'Must Be ·An ed What is required is a fresh look by the Department at the past but especially at the future In asking ourselves about CSCE an attenpt should be made to answer queStions basic to any CSCE policy A Review -- What does the carter Administration expect fran CSCE -- What are the 'best ways to attain this a Should US strategy be primarily focused on e Belgrade Conference or should Belgrade planning be part of an overall P3CE policy What alt rnatives exist which can parallel Belgrade plannin r to insure that the CSCE process will continue if Belgrade fails or results in a bland nono mmittal document b Should US CSCE strategy 1 e primarily NA'ro-based Are we willin r to tenpe r the American stance on human rights and the desire far a ccrnprehensive review of inlplerentation in order to rna int ain a canrron NNro CSCE poliCy c To what extent are we wil ing to risk ruptures in bilateral US-USSR relations incur CSCE policy HCM far can we' push the Soviets in CSCE-related matters before they make the decision to pullout of Belgrade or CSCE What would a Soviet CSCE policy look like after Br hnev dies' or retires -- Should CSCE be used to bring about fundamental changes in the Soviet system or should it be used in an attempt to achieve rrerely the· alleviation of the more obvious human rights abuses which are referred to in the Final Act Hew can CSCE be used rinst 'effectively to g ve East European countries ma ximum opportunity for indepetXlent lines of action ' Is it wise to link the Warsaw Pact with the Soviet Union in Western criticisn of Eastern lack of c crnpliance Hoo a e we going to deal with the opportunities afforded the Soviet union by the Final Act to influence the econanic social and political currents in Western Europe and t o enhance their control in Eastem Europe as well -- How can an integrated mechanism be established to identify areas of U S non-canpliance and to suggest measures to recti£y the UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 CO 6416 915 IED u s Departm·ent of State ·· ase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 OJNFIDENTIAL -4problems Will we have responses to these criticisms at Belgrade -- How should the United States clarify that in CSCE as in overall foreign FOliey conoern far human rights and the dignity of the individual person is not a political tactic available to NATO but a ftmdamental aspect of American philosophy and political ccm nibnent Are arguItEnts that a heightened dial qn human rights may cause problems at Belgrade insensitive to circumstances and opportunities which have emerged since August 1975 and November 1976 As Belgrade m mentum increases will it be appropriate for tile United States to make strong ·bilateral representations that CSCE houses be cleaned up ·The Right of Inqu iry and Interference in Intema1Affairs The United States and every other Final Act signatory has the political right of inquil y regarding implementation of the Helsinki accords Whether to press these inquiries and heM to insist on canpliance are decisions the United States along with each CSCE state must make for itself Prudence and lorqstanding friendship dictates reflecting on the views of our allies and joining with the n whenever possible but other countries cannot decide for us nor VIe far them on how to press for compliance I f Basket IV -- which spells out this right of inquiry - is to be taken seriOls1y the number one CSCE matter for inroediate attention lTUlSt be to end any argument over the political right of each Final Act signatory to inquire about canpliance to· the Helsinki accords This issue transcends everyt h inJ destined for the Belgrade COnference and everything in CSCE itself There is at least one overriding danestic imperative for confinning the right of inquiry -- President carter's explicit desire that this be done The President has clearly stated that he considers the Final Act one of the nnst important political resources available to the US to influence national and international behavior He relives the Helsinki accords must be· implemented not relegated to the past and that signatory govennnents must if be devise innovative maans to bring this about He has explicitly reaffirrred the political willingness of the United States to ccmply with the Helsinki accords and he has called on other gove rnments to do likewise Where canplianoe requires US housecleaning the President has insisted time and effort be so devoted need Europe's Reaction Our NA'ID partners are testing the strength of US involvement in NA'ID caucussing'befare Belgrade begins The US has shcmn it can keep the lead at NA'ID i rl sharp contrast to its record at Geneva COOFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 C0641691S IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 - r OJNFIDEm'IAL -5In fact sane say the United States is the only alliance country demonstrating jmagination and great effort to tie down a NA'IO strategy for Belgrade Certainly our own experts are working hard on this There is good reason to seek NA'IO solidarity for the review conference and this point is not meant to be debated here But canplete unity Can never be achieved It is an illusory goal Instead to merge the concept of NAID solidarity with the apparent sentiments of the President means for CSCE to avoid placing all our C'SCE eggs - especially the controversial human rights e Jgs - in the NATO or Belgrade baskets at all But wa· nave· gone far iiLthat direction ' 'he CSCE transition paper the 'Department I S sanction for NAID-oriented Belgrade planning and the March 19 '1977 CSCE review paper read often as i f Belgrade were virtually the same thing as CSCE A grave error is ccmmitted if attention is not focused on what will work at Belgrade and what will not The what will not nrust be given' another forum ll Other CSCE Fora The Soviets Know They Exist Overau CSCE fOliey of this country still does not show sophisticated sensitivity to the notion that the Soviets and their allies are taking effective political measures to separate major portions of CSCE activity fran the Belgrade context Bilateral discussions with We stern European signatories and the United Nations Econanic Ccmnissi011 for EuroPe are where SixM's representatives are doing their talJdng • Soviet m d ia alone have been ronfinning this in detail for over a year Still the evidence even today has not been factored effectively into u s planning to rounter MoSCCM'S CSCE offensives Belgrade or other Substantive' issues such as human rights are weant to be taken up once the Belgrade Fall phase begins the U S has insisted Yet it is selflimiting perhaps self-defeating to as sume· this is the scenario the USSR will follCM to plan only for it and to suggest that the proper method to preserve dialogue over the Final Act is to m derate public statenents about hunan rights Perhaps the dialogue at the conference should be moderate but perhaps this oountry should begin to do CSCE battle 'nCM on other figh fields as the Soviets have been doing for sane tine naN A U S CSCE Offensive It should l egin with a discreet notification to ally and adversary that the m st important Belgrade initiative II perhaps the only one should be to seek agreement at Belgrade that each and every CSCE signatory has the right to inquire a1 out canpliance to the 'CCNFIDENTIAL - ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416 915 IED u s Department of State ---------- Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 - -6- Helsinki Final Act The intent obvicusly would be to deprive any signatory of the opportunity to declare that such inquiry was interference in its internal affairs This initiative would include tabling a specific text spelling out how a state receiving these inquiries would respond substatively within a set perioo of tirre We would pres1 lll e that the Soviet Union wculd understand this·as a distinct challenge to their favored CSCE tactic of rejecting inquil y as interference in its inte l affairs 'I'l1e United States would signal to the USSR its canmitrnent before the c6nferenc to a moderated Belgrade dialcgue as the quid pro S £ There is no question that· this approach would require a profound mcdification of policy presently being haIlllrered out at NA'IO Furthe rnore it would have to be coupled with another func1arre ttal change in U 5 policy namely an augmentatiOn of US plannin J and man r to begin sophisticated bilateral diplonatic representations to Soviet Bloc CSCE states lacking in canpliance to the Helsinki Final Act Each U 5 Embassy in the Soviet Bloc would be required to designate one a mpetant officer to read and IDderstand the Helsinki accords He would re asked to gather together specific sy proposals on the precise steps the host goverrment had to take to canply with the Helsinki Final Act together with an upto-date evaluation of past canpliance The Embassy w culd define for itself a role to play in making repeated diplanatic representations aski ng for further canpliance - canpliance to all Baskets of the Helsinki accords U S Embassy Involvement in the CSCE Offensive SUch activity would arrount to preparing' and executing a CSCE diplonatic offensive which could parallel a Irj preparations for the Belgrad e Conference Before Einbassies could begin their CSCE shopping lists would have to be reviewa l in the Department by an augroonted CSCE team in EaR EUR CSCE tP filter out proposq ls deerred counterproductive to Belgrade planning The team would' have to synthesize the Einbassy lists into one dOC1 lrnent our NMO allies could examine and even the neutrals and non-aligned could have a look The opportunity for European allies and friends to ccrrunent before the U 5 offensive began would forestall our CSCE discussions conpranising what they were doin J with the Soviet Union and its clientS Where European friends asked we withhold discussion a maximum effort by' this country would be nade to rreet these wishes Once the reviews of Embassy proposals re canpleted U 5 diplonats would bejin the offensive Our allies and -friends in Europe would receive discreet updates of progress made and the Department wruld speak out publicly whenever an open rendering of accOunts was deemed appropriate and useful 'CXNFIDENTIAL -- - - - -- - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 1Q 11 2017 •• co 641 6915 IED ____ 0_ 0 __ U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 - COO'IDENTIAL -7J npact on 'N MD- riented 'Belgrade 'P1ann 9' Without question this broader-based approach to CSCE would take matters out of the exclusive dcmain of NA'IO affairs I although the NATO aspects of CSCE would ranain important But a defined group of CSCE experts in EUR coordinated at seventh floor level by the newly established Department CSCE rrechanism could begin now to join flnbassies and DepartIrent resources to cull fran the provisions of the Final Act specific actions other gOlTernments must be aske i to take along with the u s tactics needed to pry out favor le responses Faithful consultations with our allies d preclude creating an impression that for the United states CSCE was to evolve into a unique' fom of s r bilateralism Defusing Belgrade If the President were to disclose publicly that this country planned long-tenn bilateral talks on Final Act canpliance other CSCE goVerrntEIlts friend and foe would detect that this country did not pin all of its CSCE hopes human rights or other strictly on the Belgrade affair By defusing what for nCM seans to be at stake only in the Yugoslav capital much of the clout would be lost to the Soviet argument that the BelgraJe review oonference must avoid polemics Indeed Belgrade and ' he current planning for it could be presel Ved but the Conference woold lose its present character as the only international occasion in CSCE for a formal u s statanent of ccm ni tment to Helsinki principles • Other International Connon Ground for CSCE Discussions The Final Act prov des tllat the U N 's Econanic carroission for Europe will have a specific role in seeking compliance to Basket II provisions u s policy has been to downplay this I in an attempt row proven futile to convince our allies in EurOpe not to respond favorably to positive Soviet suggestions on what the ECE should be doing with the Brezhnev proposals for thr pan-European conferences - on the environrrent I transportation and energy The ECE I S annual meeting later ' this· m mth I may result in the U s appearing as the crld-m in-out I oes this auger well for _ Belgrade If not I this country might do well to reverse its decision to resist European attanpts to define the utility either of ECE activiq es or the Brezhnev conference prOfX Sals In addition it woUld do ll to rethink the u s refusal to supp rt W stern Europ an sent iIrent that under the CSCE banner ' groups of experts might meet to discuss the sort of Helsinki canpliance which can take place only if two or IlOre oountries cooperate fonnally This country has been opposed to such experts' meetings because in its Vie 'l they would amount to institutionalizing CScE • There are gexXl reasons to institutionalize CSCE and not to create a cumbersane CSCE bureaucracy UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State__ qase No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 C06416915 IED u s _ - - - ' - ' - - - - - - - - - _ _--Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 DocNo C06416915 Date 10 11 2017- COOFIDENTIAL -8which could 5100 or stymie efforts at COl'pliance But the Belgrade Conference o Olld be a proper fo rum to def ine the canpetance of experts' rneet i rgs whose function w mld be to exanrine the possibilities for multilateral CSCE cooperation or new CSCE initiatives rather than to discuss the obligatiOns of governrrents to ccmply to the existing Helsinki accords Those Final Act obligations are grist for the bilateral mill primarily H er i f 9XJ er tS are indeed destinerl to carve out a few areas of their CMl1 the United States would do better by being present at such meetings than to turn a deaf ear The SOV'iets won't 'Ihe Inpact of an Unsuccessful 'Bel%ade ·Conference Even if the Belgrade conference re reduced to an anot Clrial confrontation over Basket III areas or i f it became a dialogue of the deaf the spirit of Helsinki and pressures for ccrnpliance to the acrords would be maintained if this country began nOW to shape a bilateral offensive and to signal its willingness to consider p 1sitively the rrerits of experts t rreetings But far rrore CSCE time and talent would be needed and this countJ y would be at pains to apply it carefully before Belgrade so that oor European allies and friends would understand the purpose REQ M 1ENDATlOOS 'l' HA'r a decision be made by the Department to broaden CSCE r olicy THAT U S policy for Belgrade ineorporate the intention to seek confirmation 'at the 'Conference of a CSCE state's right of inquiry regarding another CSCE state' s catpliance to the Helsinki Final Act along with the responsiliility of a SCE state to reply substantively to such inquiries on a timely basis THAT CSCE policy emphasize not only Belgrade but a CSCE offensive pdmarily bilateral in nature but includin3 a definition of where the United States can -join European allies to support CSCE eJq erts I rreetings Both undertakings would be rreant to carry on 'the v ork of CSCE outside the context of Belgrade THAT a new office EUR CSCE be created to work closely with EUR SOV EUR EE the EUR offices for W2stern Europe EURjmM EUR RPE D HA and other interested bureaus tcgether with the CSCE Cmmission to shape CSCE policy for presentation to the Department I s CSCE coordinating I1'eChanism and eventually to Congress and to the public ai1d THAT EURjCSCE oversee an immadiate designation of u S Enlbassy officers in Soviet Bloc countries to begin the work of preparing CSCE bilateral representations EUR CSCE would mXlify Belgrade planning and policy to the extent necessary to acco mocx 1ate this activity -- -- -'---'--' - -- ' - - -'- - ----- - - - - - -- - - -- --- --- - - -- ''''' -- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State _Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446517 Date 12 11 2017 DEP ARTMENT OF STI TE Wr hlnglnn 0 ' RELEASE IN PART '05 r o 86 21 FEa 1978 i o'l'lP I BEM 'fllU UNCLASSIFIED' UPON P MOVAL OF ATTACHMENTS f- 1ENORANDUforJ TO ARA CC1 - FROM SIP - 1 nthony I SUBJEC'r Dissent Channel Message on the· Spanish Saha La - - - I_ _ _ 86 __ 'i'hank you for your dissent channel message on thp Spanish Sahara r have askod Steve Cohen of my staff to coordinate a rp ply to the issues you raise in your memo WE hQve sent copies to the Secr tary the Executive Secretary ann the Chainnan of t he Open Forum in lddition to the Under Secretary for Security Assistance the Assistant Secretaries of the European Near East Afr'ican and Interna·tional Ol'ganization Buraaus and tne OiL ector for l olitico-lHlitarl Affairs NI ' e pect to r espond to yeur viei s promptly Tha nk you for your submission CONE' DENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED _-----_ _-- -' uPc5N REMOVAL OF ATTl' CIJMEN'l'S ---- _------- --- '-- ---- ------- --'--- - - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446517 Date 12 1 1 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476309 Date 01 11 2018 CrBNF IBENT I AL OUTGO I NG TELEGRAM De'partnlent of State PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 ·STATE 3402 096526 RELEASE IN PART INfO OCT-DO ADS-DO 5-01 1003 R DRAFTED 'BY SIP EO' DONNEll AG APPROVED BY SIP PWOLFOWITZ SIP 0 fOR TIE R S P OF GDRAGNICH --·-·· ··-·--·--·-aDOI40 R 151813Z APR 81 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMBASSY BONN 6 e NFl 86 151939Z 143 BEN T I A l STATE 096526 DISSENT CHANNEL - FOR '-1_ _ _ _--------'1 FROM SIP WOLFOWITZ E O 120'65 TAGS WOLfOWITZ PAULI NA SUBJECT REfERENCE 1 CDS - 4 9 86 YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE BONN O 573 GotH I BENT I Al - ENT I RE ·TEn 2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR RECEN T DISSENT CHANNEl MESSAGE WE HAVE DISTRIBUTED COPIES TO THE SECRETARY ' THE UNDERSECRETARY FOR POLITICAl'AFFAIRS THE COUNSElOR THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY fOR NEAR EASTERN' AND SOUTH ASIAN AffAIRS THE EXtCUTIVE SECRETARY THE DEPARTMENT PRESS SPOKESMAN THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INYElllGENCE AND RESEARCH AND THE V RIO US 0 fF ICE SIN THE 0EPA RTMEN T WH I CH YOU REO UE5 T ED YOUR MESSAGE Will BE TRANSMI'TTED TO THE EMB'ASSIES REOUESTED CHARLES FAIRBANKS POLICY PlANNING STAfF MEMBER WILL COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY HAI·G C8NF IBENT IAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476309 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431962 Date 11 1 3 2017 WHrTr JOYCE -A iRELEASE IN FULLi STATE 266580 SECRET PAGE 01 ORIGIN SY-05 INFO OCT-01 SEeRE - STATE 266580 ISO-00 AF-10 ARA-10 EA-10 EUR-12 NEA-10 MC T-01 5 f O-· 0 liS CE-00 US IE-00 INRI-00 PFR-01 OFR-02 OC-£16 CCo-ee SCS-e'3 EB-08 55-15 CA-0 1 ' IO-13 109 R DRAFTED BY SY CC JFPERDEW SC APPROVED BY A SY OPS - VERNE F ST MARS A - JtnHoMAS M CT - J KARKASHIAN fIN DRAFT ARA lEX - R GERSHElIl50N IN SUBS AF EX - J BRYAN IN SUBS F UR X - D LEIDEL IN SUBS EA EX R MILLS IN SUBS MFA EX - LCSMITH IN'SUBS A-01 S S -0 TG ART Hi ------------------123190 0800457 61· o 080005Z NOV F SECSTATE WASHDC TO ALL DIPLOMATIC AHD CONSULAR POSTS IMMEDIATE 5 E e HE STATE 266580 INFORM CONSULS E O 11652 XGDS-3 DIMPTD TAGS ASIC PINS SUBJECT PLANNED ATTACKS ON LUFTHANSA 1 DEPARTMENT HAE RECEIVED REPORT THROU3H AHOrHER AGENCY THAT A TERRORIST GROrp PLA S ATTACKS WITH ROCKETS AGAINST LUFTHANSA AIRCPAFT SOrReE OF INFORMATION HAS IN PAST DEMON TRATED RELIABILITY IN REPORTING SEeR EeRM PAGE e2 STATF 266560 2 LOCATIOM OF ATTACKS ARE NOT KNOWN 3 POST SHOULD ADVISE ALL PERSONNEL TO REFRAIN F OM ·USING LUFTHANSA FLIGHTS UNTIL THIS SITUATION CLARIFIES SUGGEST THIS INFORMATION BE HELD TO POST PERSONNiL 4 DEPARTMENT WILL CONTINUE TO ¥ ONITOR SITUATION AliD ADVISE WHEN TPRE 6·T APPEARS TO HAVE PASSED VANCE PAGE W' • • - Q - ' •• r 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431962 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 1 I 201 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 - SEeltE'r MEMORANDUM TO 86 FROM siP - SUBJECT Your Dissent Message of September 15 Regarding the Sale of a DC-8 to Gabon Reginald Bartholomew Acting The purpose of this memorandum is to report to you what actions were taken by 'S p in response to your dissent message of September 15 with Respect to the Secretary - On September 16 Mr Swiers notified Mr Gompert of the Secretary's staff that SIP had received your draft dissent message and requested that if as you expected AF recommended approval of the issuance of an export license for the sale of a DC-B to Gabon he bring your draft dissent message to the Secretary's attention before the Secretary acted on the recommendation - On September 19 after receiving AF's Action Memo of September 16 Under Secretary sisco's office attached and forwarded to the Secretary Mr Djerejian's 'copy of your dissent message We understand that the Secretary read your dissent message before making his decision - Although the Secretary had already acted on AF's memo before we received the final version of your dissent message we nonetheless forwarded it to the Secretary's office This final version was returned to us on October 16 with the note that The Secretary has seen the attached dissent memo SECHE'f' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 11 2017 SSCRfl'f 2 ' ' with Respect to Officials in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Commerce - In response to your request of September 24 to Mr Lord that the Department make your dissent message available to officials in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Commerce sip in consultation with AF and L decided that if it had not yet done so the Department should apprise the two agencies of your dissent message and invite them to send officers to the Department to review it along with all other relevant documents We decided that these documents should not be sent to the agencies since they constituted internal working papers of the Department - Even before the above decisions had been taken Mr Keith Huffman of the Legal Adviser's Office in accordance with a previous commitment to cooperate closely with the Export Import Bank had invited Mr John Lentz of the Export Import Bank to come to the Department to review his file on this matter • Mr Lentz did o on September 27 Among the documents reviewed by Mr Lentz was your dissent memorandum of September 24 and the attachments to it - On October 2 Mr Huffman called Mr Morris Licht of the Department of Commerce to inform him that while the Secretary had decided to approve an expo t license for sale of the aircraft there had been some strong objection to this action in the Department that arguments against granting a license were recorded in a dissent message and that he or any other Department of Commerce official would be welcome to come to the department to review this dissent message Noting that he was aware that the Department was not all of one mind ll regarding this sale Mr Licht said that a dissent memorandum would only be of historical interest since the Department of Commerce would be guided by the Secretary of State's decision Mr Licht asked however if Mr Huffman could fon rard to him a copy of the dissent message for his records with any restrictions the Department of State might wish to place on its distribution Mr Huffman said that he thought this might be possible Before Mr Huffman could pursue the'matter however Mr Licht called back withdrawing his request for a copy of the message l SEeM' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 11 2017 SSORE'f 3 sip believes that the actions which were taken by SIP and in AF and fully meet your request that the Secretary and officia ls in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Commerce be promptly apprised of your dissent message so that they would be aware of the reasons why in your opinion hey should not approve the issuance of an export license for the sale of the aircraft We are persuaded that insofar as the Department of State is concerned the Secretary Assistant Secretary Easum and officials in AF and L gave careful and thoughtful consideration throughout this case to the reservations 'raised by you and others in the Department Quite clearly the Secretary agreed with Assistant Secretary Easum and L that on the basis of the evidence and information available to the Department the issue of the legality of the sale turned on a judgment as to the likelihood of misuse of the aircraft SIP shares this view We wish to commend you for taking the initiative to bring your views to the attention of the Secretary If you think further action should be taken on your dissent message please let us know THIS MEMO WAS CLEARED IN DRAFT BY L - Mr Keith Huffman AF - Mr John Foley I' Mr Walter Cutler ' SIP - Mr Ray Smith I I i snORfi'f UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445876 Date 12 11 2017 1 - Ie - C - ACTION COpy PAGE 0 J ACTION 51 -132 - ' I jRELEASE IN '1PART 86 ' tlAAfrEU UdrFrCli lfsf INCOMING DejJartnz ent o f State SANTIA 03615 TELEGRAM 6 176 13162 Z OCT-0J ISO 00 ES-01 004 W ------------------097707 131304Z MAY 78 'FM AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO TO SECSTATE WASHDe 9210 INFO l 10614Z 10 R LIMITED OFFICIAL use SANTIAGO 3615 E O 11 TAGS N SUBJECT MAY 21-23 MESSAGE f L-cro OLIOARITY VISIT - 1 THIS MESSAGE T RANSMITS A OI'SSENT CHANNEL VIEWPOINT OF I - c -' TLABOR TTACHE THE DRAFTER DOES NOT WISH TO RESTRICT DISTRIBUTION OF THIS MESSAGE BUT woueD LIKE TO ENSURE THAT ARA CH SfL AND ARA LA MRS L R ECE IVE COPIES I 2 THE UNITED STA ES GOVERNMENT HAS LONG HELD A POLICY OF STRENGTHENI NG FREE TRADE UNIONS THIS PQLICY RECENTLY ENUNCIATED IN OECEMBER BY VICE-PRESIDENT WALTER MONDALE WHEN HE SAID THAT THERE DOES NOT EXIST A FREE SOCIETY WITHOUT· FREE TRADE UNION IN ATTEMPTING TO FURTHER THIS POLICY THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT IN COOPERATION WITH THE AFL-CIO HAS LENT ITS PRESTIGE AND SUPPORT TO A CHILEAN GROUP OF DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNION LEADERS WHO HAVE RISKED THEIR LIVES AND PROPERTY TO URGE A RETURN TO DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNIONISM IN CHILE THIS GROUP WHO ARE SOMETIMES CALLED THE OINAMICOS OR THE GROUP OF T-EN HAVE BEEN RELENTLESSLY HARASSED BY THE CHILEAN GOVERNMENT FOUR OF THEIR MEMBERS IS ANT ANA OEL CAMPO SEPULVEOA AND MERYl HAVE BEEN REMOVED 'FROM THEIR UNION POSITIONS BY GOVERNMENT DECREE THE GOVERNMENT ALSO ATTEMPTED TO 00 THE SAME TO EDUARDO RIOS AND RIDS UN IKE THE OTHER FOUR DECIDED TO FIGHT 3 THE SOLIDARITY VISIT HAS ONE PUF POSE ONLY THAT IS TO STRENGTHEN THE DEVELOPMENT OF FREE T AOE UNION MOVEMENT IN CHILE THE GROUP OF TEN ARE THE PEOPLE ON THE FRONT LI NES OF nils POLICY AND OUR SU PORT HAS BEEN PRECISELY BECAUSE T IS IS THE GROUP OF TRADE UNION LEADERS MOST IN NEED OF ASSISTANCE TO FURTHE THIS POL ICY 4 THE INSTRUCTION IREFTELI THAT OTHER DEMOCRATIC GROUPS SHOULD 0 E INCLUDED IN AFL-CIO CONTAaTS WITH GO C OFFICIALS WOULD SERVE TO DILUTE THE EFFORTS AND LASOR OF THE OINAMICOS THIS NEW POLICY REOUIRING THAT DEMOCRATIC ELE ENTS WHO REMAINED ON THE SIDELINES OF THE F'IGHT FOR A PROMPT RETURN TO TRADt TIONAL TRACE UNION FREEDOMS BE GRATUTIOUSLY INCLUDEO IN THE UMBRELLA OFFERED BY THE' AFL-CIO DELEGATION REWARDS THE WEAK ANO THE UNCOMMITTED IT 'ALSO SERves TO DILUTE THE AUTHORITY AND FORCE OF AUTHENTIC DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNIONISM IN CHILE PRECISELY AT THE TIME WHEN I T MAY BE COMMANDING MORE ATTENT ION c _ 5 I STRONGLY RECOMMEND THAT THE DEPARTMENT WITHDRAW ITS SUGGESTION THAT OTHER GROUPS PAR TICIPA'1 E IN ANY MEETING WITH GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS LANDAU -- ------ - __ UNCLASSIFIED U S pepartment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445876 Date 12 11 2017 ---------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476870 Date 01 11 2018 - IRELEASE IN PART 861 -c NFUCNTIAL SIP HJONES CJR 5 24 84 X2' 172 S P P lJlRO D t lAN SIP JREINERTSON PRIORITY S P HJONES GRENADA l ISSENT CHANNEL FROM SIP PtTER RODMAN TO '---_ _ _ _--' I E O 12356 TAGS 86 R 'A'J N A PREL' EAII GJ US XL JR SUBJECT USAID'S PLAN TO SPEED ECONOMIC REFORMS IN GRENADA 'REF GRENADA 1887 RB R t J 1 THANK YOU FOR YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REGARDING HE AID PROPOSAL TO SEND TEAMS OF EXPERTS TO GRENADA 2 WE HAVE GIVEN COPIES OF YOUR' MESSAGE TO THE SECRETARY 'THE DEPUTY SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN fORUM POLICY PLANNING STAFF MEMBER RALPH BRAIBANTI WILL COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY WHICH WILL PROBABLY INVOLVE SENDING ADDITIONAL COPIES TO ASSiSTANT SECRE1ARY MOTLEY THE t ADMINISTRATOR Of AID AND OTHERS UNLESS YOU PREFER THAT THE DISTRIBUTION BE LIMITED IN SOME WAY 3 I HOPE TO 8E CONTACTING YOU AGAIN BEFORE LONG WITH A FULl REPLY yy e I C Nn»ENitIAE • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476870 Date 01 11 2018 I co 641696 5 IED U S Department of State Ca e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416965 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE S P MACASEY 8DM EXT 29716 3-10-77 S P ALAKE S P G AUSTIN S P N80YER S P SVOGELGESANG SIP ONLY ROUTINE BUDAPEST r-- - ----- - - STADIS D IisE Ni -C-HANNEL -FOR 1L_ _ _--- J1 FRO ' LAKE-SIP _ --- E O 11652 N A TAG S SHUM SUBJ E T REF A 1t GA HU DiSSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE BUD APE ST 4 3·7-- B 86 TL MAC HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY SV 'V NB BUD APE ST 74 7 1 I REGRE-i_ THAJ D U E_io_ i rii liTR AT YE -E OFr XQ · DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY WAS NOT ACKNOWLEtGED UNTRNOW MR GRANVILLE AUSTIN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFf HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFfICESOF THE SECRETARY 'THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE COORDINATOR FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AffAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED YY L LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416965 Date 10 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431352 Date 11 13 2017 RELEASE IN PART ·DEPARTMENT OF STATE 86 BRIEFING MEMORANDUM S S February 26 1976 eoN'OP Ifl EfH'f'IAL mm I 0 DISSENT CHANNEL TO The Secretary FROM SIF - Winston Lord Title I Food fqr India In accordance with your policy of bringing dissent messages to your at ention I am forwarding here yith a Dissent Channel message from Fscl I I in New Delhi In it he dissents from Ambassador s a x b e ' s r ecommendation that you reverse your decision to move ahead on Title I assistance to India B6 NEA and EB have prepared an action memorandum on this same subject for you providing options of a agreeing with Saxbe l h proceeding as planned and c making a partial cut in the Indian program NEA and EB recommend as does Lande in his dissent message that we proceed as planned · Lande's argumentation' parallels that of NEA and EB taking issue with Saxbe qn political as well as technical economic grounds I agree that a PL 480 Title I cut-off is not a good idea at this time for the reasons stated in the memorandum and Lande cable The strategy that you approved in Janua ry should be followed for a while longer ·at least I would also like to express my opposition to the third option that NEA and EB set forth but do not recommend • A partial cutback would give us the worst of both worlds It would not meet Saxbe's political concern but'would create almost as many problems here and in India as would a complete cut-off I see this as a non-option Attachment Dissent Channel message from Peter Lande Dra fted S P p'l'hornton Vb x2 14 4- 2 26 76 CQ Pl DElWf'IltL BXD IS DISSENT CHANNEL ' -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431352 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 - --------------------- RELEASE IN PART - - -_ - -- - - - -- -- 86 -- - - _--------' _- I I MEMORANDUM 86 TO AF C - L I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- - - ' FROM SIP - Winston Lord SUBJ C T Your Dissent Message of September the Sale of a DC-8 to Gabon The purpos of thjs memorandum is to report to you what actions were taken by SIP in respo se to your dissent message of September 15 With Respect to the Secretary - On September 16 Mr' Swiers notified Mr Gompert of the Secretary's staff that SIP had received your draft dissent message and requested that if as you iI r i at9 AF rec'ommended approva of the issuance of an export' license for the sale of a DC-8 to Gabon he bring your a aft dissent message to the' t Secretary's attention before the Sec retary acted on the recommendation - On September 19 after receiving AF's Action l 1emo of September 16 Under Secretary Sisco s attached and fo arded ffice to the Secretary Mr Djerejian's copy of y ur di'ssent message We understand that the Secretary read your dissent message before'maKing his decision Although the Secretary had already acted on AF's memo before we received the final version of your UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 ____ ____ ___ - ____ _ ____ - - dissent message we Secretary's office none ss _ _------- ----'--- ___ J 2- forwarded it to 'the This final version was returned to us on October 16 with the no ted that The Secretary has seen the attache'a aissent memo n with Respect to Officials in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Commerce - In' response to your request of September 24 to Mr Lord that the Department make your dissent message available to officials in the Export 'Import Bank and the Department of Commerce SIP in consultation ea ' - with AF and L decided thatr he - ' Department should apprise the two agencies of your dissent message and X J' invite them to send fficers to the Department to review ' it along with all other relevant documents We decided -t -- -' ' if· that these documents should not be sent to the agencies ty 'K ' since they qonstituted internal working papers of the -Q - ' It' De Y ' 4 ' par tIn t en _ ' - - • I D·n • ' f ' ' t· •• __ hk- 'j ' 0 ·r l ·' JlA 7 ' _ i September 27· a f tb d n i t a ion 04 · Mr 'lIro 't1' - •Keith Huffman' of ·th·e Legal iser' s ofii ' ' V Ohn h fr t tl ' o 0' •0 V P Of I Lentz of the ExpO t Import B k c e f j 1 1 to review Mr HUf map I s file on this matter Among the documents reviewed by Mr Lentz was your dissent 1' ' ' 4' ruJo memorandum of September 24 and the attachments to it v-V' V'A l - On October' 2 Mr Huffman called Mr Morris Polo v IJ' Licht of the Department of Commerce to inform him that b-'V jI ' while the secre'tary had decided to approve'an export ' ' l- '7 ' license for sale of the aircraft there had been strong til IJrl'a M objection to this actiQn that e 9 for djsap SECRii'P - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 - - - - - __ ___ -- _ -- of a license were that he o dissent message - - _ - -- - ---- --- -- -- recor ssent message any other welcom would be - -- ------------- Depar ent and of Commerce official to come to the Department· to review this Noting that he was aware that the Department was not all of one mind regarding this sale Mr Licht said that a dissent memorandum would only be of historical interest since would be guided Dy the th ecretary Mr Licht asked however if Department of Commerce of state's decision M Huffman could forward to him a copy of the dissent message for his records with 'any restrictions the Department o'f to place on its distribution th9ught this might be possible tate might ish Mr Huffman said that he Before Mr Huffman could Licht called back with drawing his request for a copy of the message sIP believes that the actions which were taken by pursue the matter however SIP and n AF and L fully meet your request that the SecretarY'and offiqials in the Export import Bank and the Department of Commerce dissent mess ge bl pro ptly apprised of your so that they would be aware of the reasons why in your 9pinion they should not approve the issuance of an e aircraft ort license for the sale of the insofar as the Department We are persuaded tha the e cretary State is concerned Assistant Secretary Easum and offic als in AF and L gave careful and thoughtful consideration throughout this case to the reservations - I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 -0 IT------------------------------- ---------------------- • Ll raised by'You and others 1n the Department 1 Quite clearly the Secretary agre ed with Assistant se retary aN - - LEasum·that on the basis of the evidence and information II s r 1I ejcJ· ' of 'fl b s lJ n McJ available to the Department the 4 - - aee Biefl ffletfle 40r · crt h ·caJ j '4 c J 1 Ji '''1MI 'iI I· t 4W C - IV fA rcr-o -1' Bot to a l'pLOve the sale f-1 -l le-li i-r l a f_t _ a·s-a-matt'er- of ja69fften-t - not a 169a1 issl2e- SIP shares this yiew We wish to commend you for taking the initiative to bring your views to the attention of the ecr tary If you think further action should be taken on your dissent message please let us know UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 co 641548 TloED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No COf 415487 Date 10 11 201 - ' x ''''' - Yo - - • 1I¢b - x - _ __ _--- _- - - - • _JI- - -- - - '- J - I 1 jRELEASE IN FULL j j • i SECR 'i 1 0 A J Aac 14 p 2 ' a 0 F S 0 V' ' p' A i r Acn ON ---- j' 5i 1 3 i OCT' ' 11 ES 1 iSY 0 0 4 il HIFO 0 _ gm a_ m Q a 051154 FM AM MeA SY DAM scua TO SF C8TATg AS O 2 4 J _ ••• '- - ' · ' I I ' ' ' - l ' ' - l j V · ' -- - - ' ' ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED ··U S Department of State Case No F-2616-07743 Doc No C06415487 Date 10 11 2017 --- ----- -- CO 641548 TIED 'n U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415487 Date 10 11 2017 - s tOo· - t' to _ nbC _ _ to eft· a' ' • _'- 1 - ocztt ---- -_ ' - ' •• __ ••__ __ •• __ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ SECRL T DAM ic i482 2 OF 2 THA T ' uUl C g S EC 9 8A v' ti'AD THEY a E 'I EV N A P AC 3AS e6115BZ 7 PEA c FOR eR tLI MOJ WOU D NOT HAVE GUA ANT ED A COO ERATI E S a 5e 10 INT R A Aa CONFLICT iN THE l VA T ANO L Z N Me _Aa8 NC GP P ACE Hr DERED CCNVERGE f TO XT T THAT CO p Aa T 0 N I l I EeAN uNO r N CESS 'i V I AS i PI CXi A W 2 Hr 3 Ii' ED UPON THE RE ANCE PQ Z f RM£OIAn e C EXCHAN I G CnH UNXCAQ T O st 7 tURR Nt' SIGNS OF D V RGE C IN inUTH LEBANbN THREATEN TO D 8 U T PROG Sa Al EA Y ACHIEVED AN 6ou c EAO TO RSGIONA CDNFLICT H T IS OISTUR ING ·i 1' ·I 'I t t·I ' ' ' ' ' 1 f' •• I· ARABS TO In 'l 'I- · i· I 1 1 1' 1 0 ' I '-t ''''-''I C L'' OF e 'J ' 't r ' II ' ' tN 'O' ''' i l e Hi eDM so VERY CL08i TO GRKING OUT THEI OWN PRcr9LEMS WIT OUT R S TI TO 5Y· NaW FiMi IA FALLSACX TACTIC J TER CSI G 81 NIFtC NT NUM3e S OF UN FDRC 5 eI EEN n PUT NT8 M V 6 P RMITTED TO O%5SIPATE LEAVING eYRIA LL N8 e8 TG B URTHE AR AA OF COMMQ X T R 6T ITH ISRAEL ANa Ue TO POSSIS V'W Ng REa ONA ' '11' - ' AS w LI · 9 ' W LLiN NESe OF THE DEPARtM NT to MAINTAIN P N HINO A nUj H S RnON Cr U l iP-t·uPS H iD SOlJ -l L AhJON s THAT W 'ME lLL T TAK aOM I8KS TO RESO V SOUTH EeA D lSBUS UT AS N'TEC 4aCVE f RA EV D NCE IVP n p l t ' I''' ''' • U J J I TK'I'B I '7t rQ r·' 1I lCi'l' -- i I lv ·Il'l'f C'· i • • oJ 0 1 t _ 0 1' 1 I - ' 1 1 DF O'J ' CAP%TALo I eUGGE5T AN ALT RNAT VE 5TR T GY THAT WILL EHLP TO E O DI80 ER IN SOUTH AND SI ULYANw OU5 V ENHANCE SYRIAIS DE$IPE TC ASSUM ACTIVE qOLE IN DV RCO ING NEGOTIATI G O SfACLES TO REACH' CaMP Q HENaIv AGRE gE T W T OUT 8 CU8LY UNDERMINING paL T eA IS A l X CO ' n v L pS 1 N'i' TOO K beE TT I E -1 ENT t· p 0 0 E 'NV S I' UC A V g L TYCAL A6 T·I 1 Tn EQ3UAD j ldt p f'l - _ ·01 - - r I 1 •• I 'It II - _ - TC TDLERATE LJ TEn XNAE TIQN OF fiYRIAN 6 F F RC S INio SOUTH L aANON TD REaiO CENTRA GO T' AUTHORITY TO THAT REGXD ' A D TO OBTAIN SYRIAN CONxe A 5 CqET A ' - - ' h - ' ' ' j f J f · __ _ _ _ _--s _ - _J Ji I --- - - - 't • • UNCLASSIFIED U S Departme f_ t tE Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415487 Date 10 11 2017 C0641548TIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415487 Date 10 11 2017 r' ' - - - ---- -- ---- - ----- ------- - -------' A E B i DF 2 6ii5 i ACT 0N ND R0VIDE i i M l Y DAHASC 0i482 j lJ C 4 tl E Hi f ' END E l i O TAll F O P FORIH naN C t iH£ rt FO C p NO MISS O S I TK SOUTH THIS WDULD N CESAITATE U S TAKING DtPLOm a S NT M C LEAD 'TO PA8KIC A H NSE ENT5 SUITABLE TO aTH DE8 TO nR D GtP T AT HA oFE n BUT IT eE S WE CwUt 0 Ul L iJ eli r Ii '1 Nl 1 0 I j W· TKAT I iB AEL S SVRIANS MA G£d TO u cnv R o AST J AR ANC TA E AjjVAi jAG 0F tr r r CJ TIC · l CEPi ONS En ' N - 1 J 5e ·O C FA 'l ni rG· on r G lflN1E Zf 'iK C FFI UL n s IN co vtN6l G bTH PA TIES TO FCLLb THtS CCUR8 ArTE aii ut eucc s 'u iir l'i r Ff U RV IT 'RIeKB A TA C ZX G TH ISRA L e HE E S K NG TH IR cncpE Arln TO R SU a S NSZT Va GOTJATIDNS 'rC I A r CiV RA L S TTLU E T D Ur iH S ANTAGO S AMV aE 5HO T LV D IF 8Y XtN BUCC sBFU Y nN T TH5lR iB ICN AND K EP TO r E T S OF WHATEV R A RANt e -' f l· S- AR1 CO CLUD jo 3 6 D U C OUR r pe 1 lE C DVE THE AeT VEAR AY R A9CNAaLE GR 4NDS TO CEPE D ON SVRIAN ERFO aNCi AND SINCE SYRlb'S XNva V ENT XN LE3 ON HA5 a H A M JOR D T RMZ A T CF ns ' 1 I N N 88 iD P 'Y t O$ti VE p OL 2 lt rn AtH NG 5eTT E MT ITH le AEL POL T C L CAPITA lRVES E IN THIS STRATEGY CU D STAN A R ASCN8L PROSAEt · lTV OF ODING T ATHE THAT o TING CUR PUTUqE NEGu·r AIING ASSrIJrA' MURPHV SECRET ' ' •• • II •• - r 1 - - - • - J ' # ' r - _ I • ' - II ••• •••• II' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N·O C0641548'7 Date' 10 11j 0' ' 1 - _ _------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 V _ Jt N I c NI F JfVr -L- RELEASE IN PART DEPARTMENT OF STATE 86 BRIEFING MEMORANDUM SIS February 24 1976 DISSENT CHANNEL TO The Secretary FROM Sip - Winston Lord Pakistan A-7s and Nuclear Reprocessing Attached is a Dissent Channel memorandum from I of the Bureau of POI t co-M Iltary Affalrs wh ch I am forwarding to you in line with the policy of bringing dissent messages to your attention Since this paper covers matters that are likely to come up in your 'conversations with Bhutto on Thursday you ay wish to read the memorandum before then NEA's briefing memorandum for the Bhutto meeting explores these issues in detail I I 86 I regrets the decision to permit a Pakistani Air Force team to inspect US aircraft production facilities believing that this will generate strong pressures to sell offensive aircraft to Pakistan which is not in the US interests He is particularly concerned over the dangerous precedent that· is apparently being set by justifying foreign military sales on domestic us econom c 86 I lu ges that we make a determination not to sell offensive weapons such as the A-7 to Pakistan- -irrespectiv of the PAF visit 86 Failing that 1 I urges that we extract a s·pecific quid pro quo from the Pakistanis viz that if we sell them offensive aircraft they must forego the acquisition of the nuclear reprocessing plant that they now intend to buy from France 86 grounds · Attachment Dissent Channel memorandum Drafted --- ----- --- -- - -- S p T ornton vb X2174 2 24 76 --- -------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm nt of 86 Cleared S P-OFP P 6ECR£'i' CHANNEL DISSENT -- - draft if k ------ --r---- -- 7 ' ' __-- State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 OEPARTM ENT OF STATE Washlneton D C 20520 MEMORANDUM w ns TO SIP - Mr FROM PM - SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL - 1_ _ _ _--- 11 IRELEASE IN FULLI Lord $ lii i § T e Secretary recently agreed to pe rzni t a Pakistani Air Force team to come to the United States to visit an LTV plant which manufactures A-7 aircraft This sudden decision reverses a policy of many months during which the Department has steadfastly rejected approaches both from the Pakistanis and the manufacturer requesting permission for such a visit Our refusals stemmed from the clear policy enounced early last year which stipulated that we would be prepared to consider arms sales to Pakistan but only for defensive weapons The A-7 does not fit that definiti·on I regret this reversal of policy Although the Secretary has only agreed to a plant visit it will not be perceived by many quarters as a very limited action It will have the immediate consequence of forcing us to permit visits by Pakistani teams to other aircraft manufacturers Northrop Fairchild and Douglas who manufacture comparable weapon systems It will be perceived by the Pakistan Government the Congress the Indian Government and the manufacturers as the first step leading to an eventual decision to sell one or 'more of the various aircraft types Based on a cost-benefit analysis the balance sheet would weigh heavily against the decision The potential costs might be a Continued pressure by the Pakistan Government and their supporters for approval of the sale of the aircraft b potential excuse for the Indians to further improve and modernize their forces with Russian equipment It is the UNCLASSIFIED U S Departme t of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 86 ------------------------------ - 00 __ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 -2- military the larly of tensions ith judgment that the Pakistanis cannot achieve parity Indians and that further arms acquisition particuan offensive nature can only lead to increased ·and not the stability that we hope to achieve c Further restrictive legislation by Congress in order to prevent situations of this kind from recurring The legislation under Congressional conside·ration now is already restrictive and burdensome We should not invite further encroachments into Executive Branch legitimate 'spheres of action d Pressure from manufacturers particularly LTV and their supporters for approval of aircraft sale On the benefit side we might say that a this action permits the us to maintain a positive relationship with GOP although when one views the panoply of weapons that we are prepared to provide the Pakistani it would appear that the plant visit cannot be central to maintaining good relationships b The decision may gain support for other Administration initiatives from a small number of Senators who would view the visit sympathetically c If the visit subsequently results in the sale of A-7 LTV will be able to keep its production line in operation and thereby save 15 000 jobs It has been LTV's contention that the sale to Pakistan is essential if its plant is to remain in operation after this year It is this latter benefit which is of particular concern It may be the only justification that nas any pasis in fact It would however be the first instance in my memory at least in which a sale lould be justi'fied primarily on domestic economic grounds If the Administration ever finds itself justifying sales of defense articles d services essentially on domestic economic grounds then I think we can expect a major Congres- sional effort to fully eliminate any flexibility that might be available to the E%ecutive Branch In addition even without the Congressional aspects· i twould be poor foreign policy if arms transfers are to be dictated by domestic economic require ment s DEeru3'%' _- -- -- - --- ---- -- - - - --- _-- --- -- ------ --_ -- - -_ -_ -' - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart' l ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLI SSIFIED • • t -- ------------ U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 -3- It·seems to me that we must now face the prospect of two further decisions a Preferably we should conclude that the plant visit is the end of this process and that no sale of offensive weapon systems will be considered b Failing to maintain that position because of either domestic or Pakistani pressures we must consider whether we can make a virtue out of necessity Tha Pakistanis are interested in a reprocessing plant We have raised· serious objections to this scheme If we must we should trade authorization for the sale of an offensive aircraft A-7 or A-IO or A-4 for assurances from GOP that it will not pursue the acquisition of a reprocessing plant I am loathe to suggest trading one bad policy for another but it may be that this is the price we will have to pay Such a trade can at least be rationalized 'and might be acceptable to other interested parties such as Congress and India If we are to consider this trade-off then there is some urgency since lAEA will be·reviewing the reprocessing plant sale proposal in the near· future 86 M I I bpw 2 1'- -O--- 7- -6---'x2 3302 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - '- - '--r- -- -- - _ - - - - - - -- _- -- - - - - - '-- - - -- - _- --_ - - - -- - • - _- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart' l_ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446535 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART f ' 86 Nov ll lf976 86 To lHnston Lord SIP ' From IO 1 I Subject Dissent from the Ddpt's Policy on Flexitime I dissent from the Dept's policy of not implementing flexitime Other government agenices incltiding USIA see attachments have implemented it and employees ai ·benefiting from the increased frQedom to choose their working hours The State Department on the other hand has not done anything to implement the autho ity given it by the' Federal Gove'rnment to establish flexible voTking hours There are many bureaus where this would not only enhance working conditions for employees but also incre se the efficiency of the operation In In for example during overseas confeTenccs where time differences make it likely that cables o phone calls will arrive outside our normal h urs or during the UNGA when early morning consultation is necessary 1 before a s ssion st arts itll uld be beneficial toJlave officers £ ' a - ' and or staff on han AOJ a regular or irregular basis At ' present this is done by asking people to work overtime or take comp time off it some later date Flexitime'would enable employees and supervisors to work out agreements that ceitain people would be on hand at 7 30 a m and leave fo the day arly in the afternoon hile ·others could 'ork the lila te shift Similar arrangements could be mad when transportation times or other 2t factors make arrival and departure at other than established hours desirable The Dept's failure to implement flexitime denloes F ii - - ' ' ' - ' j ' f '· ----- - -- -- --- '·--· --7- - ---------- emplo'yees -_0-- --- ___ '''- - r - • _ ' - ' - _ - ••• _ - •••• - - - - - - f' _ _ •• ' _ _ _• '00' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • • _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446535 Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446535 Date 12 11 2017 ' rights granted them by the Federal GoverJlment and which employees in other agencies enjoy I suspect that the Dept's fiilurc 'is partly caused by a lack of interest in enhancing· w rking conditions for mployees and partly'by a subconscious feeling that there is' something unique about the ork 'of the State Dept which makes flexitirne impossib e t handle From my own experience I can state the e 'is nothing so mysterious or s ecial bout our work that e cannot work out flexible hours to the mutual satisfaction and benefit of both emt110yecs an d supervisors You m y wish to obtain fro the Office of financial Services a copy of the instruction which has been prepared for that office in u ing flexitime f' 'j J i i I -- - - ----- -_____ _ __ _ _ ________ _ _ _ -- _ ____ -- ___ i f -- ---r ·--- _a _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446535 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476310 Date 01 11 2018 1 A 6E IN I b IB 8 1 'l'atNi '1 C 1a Departinent of State ' pAGE 91 ACTION SP-o BONN a6S73 91 Of 92 3114534 v • I II r lie A t SECTION 81 OF 02 80NN 86573 - DI SSEHT CHANIlEl E O 12065 GDS D3-31'87 1II0ESSIIER lILLIAn H I OR-n SUBJEGT U S Di5IUFORnATIOH POliCY ON SOUTH LEBAnOIl I CONFIDENT I AL - ENTIRE TEm I 2 THIS IS A DISSEIIT CHAlIIIEL ESSAGE UIIDER THE PROVIS'OHS Of 11 fAn 243 3 IIRITTEN 8Yc J RECOHHEIIDED U itHIBUlIuR lfi ADO r IOU 10 AUlunAIC OISTRIBUfiOri Of DISSEIIT CHAnnEl nESSAGES AS PROVIDED BY S FAn 211 3c IS ·AS fOLLO S PA If OR DtPARTHENT PRESS SPOKES ANI nEA UEAlARU NEAll AI IIEA EGY tA ARP 101UIIP IIIR INR RIIA EltSASSIES AT TEL AVIV BEIRUT OAKASCUS AnNAII AIIO CAIRO AHD USUN 3 USG IHFORHATION POLICY OH SOUTH LEBAIIDII AS REFLECTED IN THE DEPARTHrHT'S PRESS BRmlllG OF HARCH 16 IS DESTRUCTIVE OF WHATEVER CREOIDIL In liE nAY YET HAVE OU IODLE EASf PROSLEHS THE PR£SS SPOKESHAfI'S RESPOIlSES TO QUESTlOIlS COIICERII NG ISRAH I SUPPORT OF REBns IN SOUTH lEBANon LED BY AJDR HADDAD OEFY ACCEPTAnCE BY • ANYOnE IIITH EVEN THE SLIGHtEST KNOII1 EOGE or THE IDDLE •EAST ••• SINCE AT LEAST 1917 THE ISRAELIS HAVE BEEII SUPPl YIlIG TRAINIIlG AriD ASSISTlIIG THE SOUIH LEBANESE REBEU SINCE THE 'ISRAElI INVASIOII OF SOUTH lEBAIIOIl IU ARCH 1978 IHE ISRAELIS HAVE ALnOST fULLY COIHROLLEO iHEH THE REBELS TODAY ARE OEPErlDENT UPOI THE ISRAELIS rOR EAPOIlS Sup· PLIES AMUHITIOII TRAIII IIIG IIIIELLIGEIICE ' FORIIATIOII AND COXHUnlCATfOIlS VITH THE OUTSIOE VORlD HADDAD' HlnSElF IS FREQUENTLY ACCOHPArllEO BY onE OR TlIO ISRAELI ADVISERS· HIS IROOPS ARE TRAIUED IN IIORTHERN ISRAEL THIS SITUATIOn HA$ BEEN nASSIVEl Y OOCUHWTEO FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE OEPARTHENT OVER A PERIOD Of YEARS AND IS CO lllOII KlIolILEOGE IN LESANorl AIIO IN ISRAel TELEGRAM BONN S6573 91 Of 82 311453Z 2538' ADS-BS ES-91 luao ••• •••••••• ·····315U5 91B5HZ 117 R 3114451 HAR 81 F AnEnBASSf Boll TO SECSTAlt VASHOC 5982 INFO DCT-91 INCOMING HAVE REPUTED OUR 'COHDEHIIATION' OF PAlESTllIIAII TERROR IS ' IIIIEH PALESTliilANS Kill OR ATTE PT TO KIll ISRAEL'IS HILE A1 1HE SAME TIME 11£ DEPLORE 1HE VIOLENCE 0 1 BOTH SIDES· IIIIEII·ISRAELIS KILL PAUSTINIANS liINO LEBANESEl 011 POSSIBlE ISRAELI VIOLATIOIlS OF AGREEnENTS UITH THE U S - IIIIleH COULD UNDER THE LAII LEAD TO A CUTOFF OF FURTHER AlIns OELIVERIES TO ISRAEl - VE HAVE SYSTEHATlCPLL Y EVADED CUAR ANSIIERS TO CLEAR QUESTIOHS OVER A PERIOD OF YEARS -liE ARE sTEADFAST IN OUR HYPOCRISY 7 THIS BAnKRUPT UNItED STATES POLICY DEPENDS OBJECTIVELY OH THE PROPOSITIOII THAT PEACE 1 1 THE ItIDDH EAST IS BEST ACHIEVED IUTU ALIA BY InSTRU' nENTAUY FACILITATING AGGRESSIOII 11£ HAY SUCCEED IN DECEIVING OURSElVES BUT IHE ARABS AND PALE5T1tIlAMS - VITHDUI 1III0n PEACE 1$ npOSSIBLE - IIILL HOT SE DECEIVED 8 AT A TlKE IIIIEII THE ISRAEL I GoVERIIHEIIT IS SYSTEnATICALLY SADOTAGIIIG EVEII THt POSSIBILITY OF A fUTURE AUTOIIOllY SOLUTlOII 011 THE IIEST BAHK A U 5 INFOR ATION POL ICY Of HEAR 110 EVIL SEE NO EVIL TOl ARCS ISRAELI IlITERFEREIICE III LUANOII DEFln EVEn TACTICAL RATlOIIAlIZATIOU • 9 NOV IS AN EXCELLEIIT TlHE TO BEGIN TO TElL THE TRUTH AS lIE KNOll IT OK SOUTH LEBAlIoN - 011 HADDAD AND ON ISRAEl'S ROLE III PROPPIIIG Hln UP AUD USING HII1 lET THE CHIPS FALL IIIIERE IHEY HAY THIS VOULD SERVE AlI AUTHENTIC lOIlG'RANGE PEACE PROCESS IT 1I0ULO LEIID SOME SORELY HEEDED CREOIBILm TO THE OEPARTHEUT'S DETERMINATIOn TO AVOID EIITIONING ISRAEL IN COIllIECTlDII IIITH MAJOR HADDAD'S MAD ESCAPADES -IS ROOTED IN A HOARY AlID fATUOUS POSlllOIl OF HA Y YEARS TO VIT THE usq nUST IGIIDRE ISUEL'S STIRRING THE POT IH LEBANOU FOR THE SAKE OF THE PEACE PROCESS' THE THEORY HAS BEEN' AIID PERHAPS STILL 15 • THAT THE PEACE PROCESS REQUIRES THAT THE WITEO SlATES PROVIDE ISRAEL IIITH lASSIVE ARHAnEllTS TO ASSURE ISRAEl OF OUR CONTINUED OEVOllOII AND 10 GIVE IT SUFFICIErlT ·COIIFlDE CE TO I A E COIlCESSIOIIS IT APPAREllTI Y HAS HATTERED lITTLE THAT THE VEAPOIlS lOR OTHER IIEAPOll5 IIlfICH THEY REPLACE ARE USED TO DELIBERATELY IIRtAK HAVOC III LEBAIIOII DIRECTlY CONTRARY TO PROfESSED U S POL ICY TOVARDS LE8A IOII $ 6 OUR SILENCE ON HADDAD'S RUE ROLE IS CONSISTENT VIlH U S PUBL Ie IHFORMATION POLICIES ON OTHER QUESTIOUS • ISRAELI-PALESTINIAU FIGHTING AIID DIRECT USE OF US-SUPPliED IlEAPOIlS III COIITRAUErlTlON or THE URns or US ISRAELI GREE ENT5 IIITHIN RECEIIT Vt£HS liE 6SNFIBENTIAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476310 Date 01 11 2018 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476310 Date 01 11 2018 INC'OMING CONF ' DENT IAL Depaj·t1nent oj' State BONN 'INFO OCT-Ol 06573 ADS-OO 02 Of ES-Ol O lELEGRAM 311451Z 2566 1004 W o10 4 4 4 Z ------------------345507 115 R 3 11445 Z MAR 8 1 FM AMEMBASSY BONN TO SECSTATE WASHOC 5983 CON FlO E N T I A L SECTION 02 Of 02 BONN 06573 I DISSENT CHANNEL OUR PROfESSED SUPPORT O F THE TERRITOR IAL INTE-GRITY' OF LEBANON AND IT WOULD BE HONEST WOESSNER ' CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S De'partment of State Case No F-2016-07743' Doc No C064763'10 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE W shlnitan D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 February 15 1978 OFFICIAL INFORMAL SECRET Economic Commercial Section American Embassy Jidda 0 'ji 86 DearLI___________ i Thank you for your patience in awaiting the outcome of ·the Administration f s review of its t errorism policy which was completed last month In participating in this study over the past year we found your dissent message helpful and a number of the points you raised were considered during the Administration1s review For the 'most part the principles we've been operating under were reaffirmed by-the Special Coordinating Committee On the question of ransom Secretary Vance stated January 23 -1978 in his Congressional testi mony on terrorism that we have made clear to all that we will reject terrorist blackmail we have clearly and repeatedly stated our intention to' reject demands for ransom or Eor the release of prisoners The question 'of US military capability to stage rescue operations was reviewed by the Special Coordinating Committee of the National Security -Council and concerned agency heads are taking the appropriate steps to reassure themselves of this capability I '1 On the question of retribution against terrorists we do believe that prosecution is an indispensable element in anti-terrorist efforts but should naturally be carried out through established judicial channels SECRET GDS - - - - - - ----------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417040 Date 10 11 2017 ' i -iJ i i ' - 1 r t ·tt CO 641 704 O IED U S Department of State SECRET -2- The United States is presently working to form a group of concerned governments which will seek out and urge more countries to ratify existing anti hijacking conventions which provide for the punishment or extradition of nijackers These conventions ext end prosecutional jurisdiction to countries in which a plane has been hijacked or in which a hijacked plane has ended its flight s in the past we will continue to press involved governments to fulfill their obligations to bring terrorists to justice I am enclosing a copy of the Secretary's recent testimony on terrorism He has taken a strong interest in developing an effective policy to 'deal with terrorism 1 I l appreciate the opportunity to d l SCUSs your ideas with you Thank 'you for using the Dissent Channel I Sincerely - ' f Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff Enclosure - Copy'of the Secretary's Testimony on Terrorism ___' _ _ ____ __________________SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417040 Date 10 11 2017 ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431963 Date 11 13 2017 77 STAT E i _ 6966 ' ------ - - u p - - SEeRE'f SESiHl'P PA E 01 STATE 269660 ORIG-IN EUR-12 INFO OCT- l ISO-30 55-15 SY-35 MeT-0 AF-10 ARA-le EA-10 NEA-10 1-01 PER-01 OPR-02 OG- 6 CCO-00 SCSw03 EB-08 CA-01 10-13 CIAE-B0 INR-07 NSAE-Z0 DODE- usss-aa SSO- 0 NSCE-00 USIE-e0 INRE-Be 115 R DRAFTED EY EUa CE WMWOESSKER EM APPROVED BY D - MR CHRISTOPHEREUR JE iOODBY A SY VDIKEOS M CT J ARKASHIAN EUR p VI J EERON M BREAD ------------·------Z62 56 o 110333Z 64 1 U 159Z tlOV 77 F SECSTATE WASRDC TO ALL DIPLO'MATIC AND CONSUL R POSTS IMME DH TE 5 E e ft E STATE 269660 ltiFORM COI SULS E O 11652 JDS TAJS ASEC PINS SUP-JECT PLANNED ATTACKS ON LUFTHANSA REF STATE 266580 1 THE FRG 30VERNMENT TODAY ISSUED THE FOLLOWING 5TArEMENT BEEN TEX'r · UITE RECENT1f THREATS TO ATTACK GERMAN PASSENJER AIRtRAFT HAVE ECOP NOWR INDEPENDENTLY OF TffE FACTUAL BAC aROUND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TAKES TKESE THRE TS SERIOUSLY AS IT HAS ALL REPORTS OF DAN ER sBSaE SECRR PA 7E 02 TATE 269660 OF RECENT DArS THE FEDERAL GOVERN ENT R S UNDERTAKEN COMPREffENSIVE EFFECTIVE SECURITY ME SURES IN ORDER TO PREVENT TERR RIST ATTACK AGAI ST G-EaMAN AIRCRAFT IN THIS RE ARD IT HAS NOT RESTRICTED ITSELF -TO MEA URES WITHIR IT5 BORDER ALONG WITH THE PRECAUTIJNS THAi EVERYONE CA RECOGNIZE ENERGETIC ADDITIO AL EASU ES WERE FFECTED UNDERSTANDIN FOR THESE FRECAUTIJNARY MEASURES IE ASK O OF CITIZENS t A D ESPECIlLLY OF FLIGHT PlSSEN ER5 WHOSE ECORITY TEESE MEASURES ARE PRIMARILY INTENDED TO SERVE END TEXT 2 POSTS SHOULD TaKE NOTE OF THIS STATEME T A D BE GUIDED y IT IN CONSIDERING DISCRETIONARY TRAVEL BY LOFTHA SA · H BIB - SECRE'f PAG-E 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431963 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 l IRELEASE IN IPART 86 • I J ' S o ' •• e e'PiF IDE NTIA·b - _-w---·- - -_--------- -t ------- ------ ------------------ - C-O ' ------ 7 -r-··------- 1f S P RFEINBER'G RYM If lf179 rX2D82 _u_ _ _ _ _ _t SIP Al AKE _ Ow SIP GFOX OJ I L J 11 - a A S P ONl Y • ______ • II I - f -J - t ' - • • v# _ iDISSENT CHANNEL 1 - t _ _ _ _ _ _ • - ·E O '20bS i s' • • c _ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ ' C l'E A R J -I C E • - _ _ - c _ L · I _ _ ' L rr-ROM'''S P ANTHONY 'LAKE ' 4 4 85 lAKE ANrHCNY - · M' 4_ •• _ 'L ' SUBJECT ROLE OF THE AFL C O IN CH CLEAN LABOR AFFAIRS I I REF SANTIAGO 389 ' C - ENTIRE TEXT fIRST I WOULD lIKE AGAIN TO COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL IN ACCORDANCE WITH YOUR EXPRESS WISHES AND STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION PROCEDURtS YOUR MESSAGE WAS CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS tTHE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS 'AND THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR HUM N RIGHTS AND HUMANITA IAN AFFAIRS S WELL AS TO SIll I t ti· • ' ' _ _ f TAGS ELAB tI I _ • - - ---------------- _ t A I - t ' - ·· z • _ t JROUTINE • ''''--cr - 'IIM g ''''' ·ARA YPVAKV P FVARGAS R I- r C E S t _ r S IL DGOODE - • - 'IIoo #'-e H 2 THROUGHOUT THE RECENT AFL-CIO INVOLVEMENT IN CHILEAN LABOR POLITICS THE USG HAS TAKEN THE POSITION THAT THE AFL-CIO IS A PRIVATE INDEPENDENT ORGANIZATION AND THAT THE USG WOULD NOT SEEK TO INTERFERE ONE WAY OR THE OTHER IN ITS POLICIES TOWARD CHILE WE HAYE ADHERED TO THIS STANCE EVEN IN THE FACE OF THE THREATENED BOYCOTT OF CHILEAN TRADE DESPITE THE POTENTIAL ADVERSE FALLOUT SUCH A BOVCOTT MIGHT HAVE ON THE CREDIBILITY OF OUR MORE GENERAt-POSTURE OF OPPOSITION TO ECONOMIC BOYCOTTS t GF f -- 1 vfRl DG f f · E P • ---_- p 1_------------------------------c- t _ -' I - '------1 -_ - -_ ----------- _ _----- --- - - - _ - - - --- ------- --- - 18 -101 U'NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F·2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 7 - OPIl0' QL FOi'l ' t85·A IOC Forme'I ' OS·322-1 O R OUTGOING TElEG RAM Of '- 1 '1 Stall' • J - CONFIDENU L Ci ••• - ' - Co I2 ' W 4 ••• ' _ J wt J ' -o - 'J • _ • • • •- _ _ 3 WE DO OF COURSE CONFER REGULARLY WITH THE AFL CIO ON ISSUES OF COMMON CONCERN IN THIS SPIRIT THE DEPARTMENT CAN OFFER OUR ANALYSES OF HOW PARTICULAR ACTIONS F THE AFL-CIO IS CONSIDERING MIGHT BE PERCEIVED IN A PARTICULAR COUNTRY OR SETTING IN THIS VEIN HE EMBASSY SUGGESTED THAT THE AfL-CIO OUGHT TO MAINTAIN ITS INTEREST J AND INVOLVEMENT IN CHILE AND ITS SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRATIC f LABOR LEADERS BUT SHOULD AVOID BECOMING ENMESHED IN THE t DEBATE OVER PARTICULAR ISSUES REFTEl t WE PERCEI E A NU MBER Of PITfALLS SOME OF WHICH THE · EMBASSY MENTIONED IN REf TEL TO AFL-CIO INVOLVEMENT IN i NEGOTIATIONS REGARDING THE DETAILS Of CHILEAN LABOR LAW If· · -- TO THE EXTENT THAT THE AFL-CIO IS PERCEIVED AS GIVING ITS BUENA VISTA UNDERLINE TO SPECIfIC GOC REFORMS IT · WILL BE OPEN TO THE ACCUSATION Of HAVING ACCOMMODATED ITSELf TO THE DICTATORSHIP -- IF CHILEAN LABOR BECOMES EXCESSIVELY DEPENDENT UPON AFL-CIO SUPPORT AND GUIDA CE IT MAY FAIL TO DEVELOP ITS OWN INTERNAL STRENGTH AND JUDGMENT r -- THE INTERNAC POLITICS WITHIN THE CHILEAN LABOR t MENT M VE­ ARE COMPLEX AND DIfFERENT GROUPS' WILL ATTEMPT TO THE AFL-CIO fOR THEIR OWN NTERESTl IN WAYS THAT THE AfL-CIO MIGHT NOT BE ABLE TO CONTROL OR fORESEE • · - I f r f ii l USE · t· -- WHILE ONE CAN APPREUATE THE DESIRE Of D MOCRATIC S RW SV I I E O T X S A N_ -I f VOLVEMENT IN CHILEAN POtITICS 1' 1 l --- ' • HIGHLY VISIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF US LABOR WITH PARTICULAR CHILEAN LABOR GROUPINGS MAY BE DETRIMENTAL IN THE LONG RUN TO THE INTERESTS OF THOSE VERY GROUPINGS WE MOST f SYMPATHIZE WITH I S· THESE OBSERVATIONS WARN AGAINST A HIGHLY VISIBLE AND DAILY INVOLVEMENT BY THE AfL-CIO BUT 'CERTAINLY SHOULD NOT BE MISREAD TO SUGGEST A TOTAL DISENGAGEMENT THE GOC IS CLEARLY WORRIED ABOUT AfL-CIO REPRISALS SHOULD THE GOC FAIL TO MEET ITS MINIMAL DEMANDS THUS PROVIDING CHILEAN LABOR WITH VERY USEFUL LEVERAGE IN IT'S STRUGGLE WITH THE GOC THIS THREAT CAN BE MAINTAINED WITHOUT DAILY VISIBLE AfL-CIO ACTIVITY IN CHILE - b· WE STRONGLY CONCUR WITH YOUR IDENTIFICATION OF UNION FREEDOMS AS BEING AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS I r • L------------------- -- 501852 ' ------ -------------- - ----------------------------- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 I ' I OPHO fOnM 185· 1 10' ' Fo me·I · OS·S 2· IO r OUTGOING TELeGRAM • Dp 'I I ' 0' S I 1- - -- __ ' -_ _ - ' - ' - - - - _ f ONFIt Nm ' 13 WE DO OF 'COURSE CONFER REGULARLY WITH THE AFL CIO ON ISSUES OF COMMON CONCERN IN THIS SPIRIT THE DEPARTf MENT CAN OFFER OUR ANALYSES Of HOW PARTICULAR ACTIONS t THE AFL-CIO IS CONSIDERING MIGHT BE PERCEIVED IN A PARTICULAR COUNTRY OR SETTING IN THIS VEIN THE EMBASSY SUGGESTED THAT THE AFL-CIO OUGHT TO MAINTAIN ITS INTEREST AND INVOLVEMENT IN CHILE AND ITS SUPPORT FOR ·DEMOCRATIC 1 lABOR lEADERS BUT SHOULD AVOID BECOMING ENMESHED ·IN THE t DEBATE OVER PA TICULAR ISSUES REPTEl r Li WE PERCEIVE A NUMBER OF' PITFALLS SOME OF W'HICH THE EMBASSY MENTIONED IN REFTEL TO AFL-CIO INVOLVEMENT IN NEGOTIATIONS REGARDING THE DETA'ILS OF CHILEAN LABOR lAW i L f f ' K· i'f I -- TO THE EXTENT THAT THE APl-CIO IS PERCEIVED AS GIVING ITS BUENA VISTA UNDERLINE TO SPECIFIC GOC REFORMS IT WILL BE OPEN TO THE ACCUSATION OF HAVING ACCOMMODATED ITSELF TO THE DICTATORSHIP r t I -- IF CHILEAN LABOR BECOMES EXCESSIVELY DEPENDENT UPON AFL-CIO SUPPORT AND GUIDA CE IT MAY FAIL TO DEVELOP ITS OWN INTERNAL STRENGTH AND JUDGMENT l 1 -- THE INTERNAC POLITICS WITHIN THE CHILEAN LABOR M OVE- r MENT ARE COMPLEX AND DIFFERENT GROUPS' WILL ATTEMPT TO fUSE THE AFL-CIO FOR THEIR OWN NTE ESTI IN WAYS THAT THE f AFL-CIO M GHT NOT BE ABLE TO CONTROL OR FORESEE o· ' JI FORCES -- WHILETO NEMUSTER CAN APPREUATE THE DESIRE OF DE M06 ATIC US ACTIVISM CONSISTENT WITH OUR HUMAN i -- HIGHLYLABOR VISIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF US LABOR WITH PARTICULAR GROUPINGS MAY BE DETRIMENTAL IN THE LONG CHILE N I RUN t ' j RIGHTS POSTURE blE VERY MUCH blANT TO AVOID EXCESSIVE IN VOLVEMENT IN CHILEAN potnICS ' TO THE INTERESTS Of THOSE VERY GROUPINGS WE MOST f SYMPATHIZE WITH 'S THESE OBSERVATIONS blA N AGAINST A HIGHLV VISIBLE AN I DAILY INVOLVEMENT BY THE AfL-CIO BUT 'CERTAINLY SHOULD NOT BE MISREAD TO SUGGEST A TOTAL DISENGAGEMENi THE GOC IS CLEARLY WORRIED ABOUT AFL-CIO REPRISALS SHOULD THE GOCFAIL TO MEET ITS MINIMAL DEMANDS THUS PROVIDING CHILEAN LABOR WITH V RY USEFUL LEVERAGE IN IT'S STRUGGLE WITH THE GOC THIS THREAT CAN BE MAINTAINED WITHOUT DAILY VISIBLE AFL-CIO ACTIVITY IN CHILE I b WE STRONGLY CONCUR WITH YOUR IDENTIFICkTION Of UNION fREEDOMS AS BEING AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS i I I I f La· - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ l'Qj·OmN FJ £ ltf tJ ll HJJ _ ' -- -1 5C16S·20' - --- -------------------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 t· ' - OPTlONI' L FORM 16 ·1 IOCn 110·7 ' Formerl ' OS·322·' OCI ' CaDi of SI e OUTGOING TElEGRAM L 'fGNFliENTIAL X l • t ' _ _ _ __ • • ' • ' J - t f lr - -- • f' 4 I f I· b I HOPE THESE COMM'ENTS ARE RESPONSIVE TO YOUR CONCERNS YOU AGAIU FOR SHARING YOUR VEIWS WITH US YY THANK r _ - ' f t I f • I t ' f I L' r · ' ' f 'r f ' r • ·· I r ' 'loa I' • r •• t· I t -' - j I t · '- •• I I ' i • 1 I t t L ______________________________ _ - 'n 'THAT VIEid' WE···'AGRE '-IN· PRIN C'IPLE -wiTH -A·f'L Acio · ACTIVITIES THAT SEEK THE RAPID RESTORATION OF A FREE AND DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNION MOVEMENT IN CHILE WE DETECT NO DISAGREEMENT REGARDING ULTIMATE OBJECTIVES AND IF T HE DEPARTMENT PERCEIVES PROBLEMS WITH' CERTAIN TACTICS' THE AfL-eIO ITSELf WILL ULTIMATELY HAVE TO DECIDE WHICH POLICIES IT PR FERS TO fOLLOW £e N F EJ E N T IA L --J ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50185·201 - - _- - - -_ - - -- __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06476879 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 'SECRET DCjJartlnei1 · f' Stat t· - D9161 01 OF OJ c J ISMS IIILi 6£ AVAILABLE nOli GC lIE lIIH Vrlon COIISUI TEO CI om Y 'TO CtlPHASJI IT IS THE AeS£HCE or ANY APPAREllr tUCullvr saMleH RmSTAlICC 10 IHIS L£GltUTIOH 10 IIIIICH R£SP£CTruu Y ·0155 111S · H S £S·DI sue·DD 100 I c J 14 R OSl40U nov 83 HI AI1EHB4SSY AMAH TO srCSTATf VA HOC 6711 e C T SECT Oil el 0 03 AHMA 09761 I7l 6 tAGS SUBJECT I AiT IliA t IO Sf JO HRUIi AIIOII t AID PROGRAII III SYRIA EHTIRE TEXT BY THIS N£SSAGf EXPRESSES HIS COIICE911 IHAT pRoposeD AIID ArPAREI lty I I I IIT U S IEGISIATIOI COr CERIIING filE rRlt PROGP r lilt IF CI'ACfEO REQUI9E TII4T AIC OISA'IOW F IRH cor r rrr WTS AIIO OCllGATIOIIS 10 THE 51'RI H ARAB REPUollC GOVCRHIIWI ISARG MID urlOER FIiIAIIClQI IrISIPU IIT TO CO IT AC10P ' PRrOATlIlIl THE EIIACIM£I11 or SOCII l£ I IAIIOII tOCll ACTlDI'S er AID 1I1l1 1 1 'D f HAPS • LIT I GAll 0 1 rROII THr t RG 1I010R COIHR ClORS III TH AID· AlIO THE U S OVCRllr E T roO ep OAoLl • LErr 11 A pom 10H OF VUlH AA91111l' M O E lBA RA S EtII S G REACTI Oil COULD POTEHT I All Y U elva I cu·pnYNEIIl 0 p tYIOUSlV OISBunSEO AID LOAH SAIAItCE rURTHER UIIIIATERAL CANCEllATlOII OF rrR rllIAI AI UIIO£RUKIIIG VIII SERVE AS A HOST UIIUE IRACI PIiEC£OEHT IlH RE F cr TO AIO'S PROGIIAIIS AHti PERII OTKiR SG ftCTlYlIlES ORIOVIOE All ADDITIONAL CO SIO£F 1I01l IS 'AT 011 P POI ITICAI L I'El SUCH LEGI LATIO I CAli OIlLY BE SEEII BY THE SARG 5 KARolK I OEEO D ACO rIAN sPECIAII Y AS IT VOUlO ReOVIRE DENIAL TO 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TICS 1 £ conTRACTORS yET THE LEGISlATlOII Uln RE UIRr AIO TO TERIIIIIU SUCK COH ITHWI HOR SF Cr IC 'll Y THE PR08lrtl'l S THAT AID IS rUIIDIH • OUI IS 1I0T A PARTY TO A II naEP or COI TRACH BrJ I£EII TH SARG AIIO u s rlRM' AID HAS HO RIGHTS WIDER IHOSE COIIIRACT TO ISSUE 'STOP VORK' OR I£RHIHA110II ORorRS SUCq CAlI COHE DilL ' rROII THE SAR 011 THE omR HAllO AIO F 'AI CIER or IHE COIITRACT$ HAS I SSUED lEITeRS or COlllll1l1£HI G CO I TO THC U S conTRACTORS JH SE Oil IH lA rACE ARE STAI O 'TO BE • ·GU RA TI s· Dr THE u s j OVERHIIEHT THAT If THt COIITRACTOFS PERFORM 1 1 AcconOMlct ITH THt IEPons Oi TH eOl TR m rHey IIllL GE PAID Bi' UO cuuT DOlS 18 HlllIO l REHQIHS UIIOI OUR tD t'1I0ER THE t l CoM DESPITE THBE LltOM GUARAllil THE ltGI IAIIOII VItL REOUIRE TII41 SOH KOU AID IIEGOTII T Allo'SETTle OEr DD'Lll 1I0n I lERM 4II0l COSI IIITH TIIESE CC IIR cron III OOIT on am O S SAKI IS HOI O'IIIG All AIO LCnrr or COIlllI1H lT 011 OISSENT CHANlln E O TELEGRAM S Gl oallOlZ ·················-112114 Damn E INCOMING OJ II r Stl- I4fJD Jf II tu 8J 0 SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476879 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476879 Date 01 11 2018 ttlltt 1 INCOMING Departnlent o f State 29161 02 OF 83 eSI4sSi TELEGRAM 9D21 FOP TH USG Te TERHIN TE THE R I1 INING IN m ID PIPEliNE AT 1HIS TlHi VDUlD SEEn CLEARL Y ANT AGONI STI C TO THE SARG AND 'OUNTER'PRODUCT IVE POLITICALlY EVEN If DONE IN THE llKITED nAHilER PERII TTED UNDER TH PROJECT AGREtI1E11rS I E so AS TO AFFECT rUTURE COHMIII1EHTS OIlL Y FOR TH£ us TO GO SEYOHO THIS AND TO em lin TO HOUOR PIiIOP cor 1ITI1'HTS AS OUTlIHto A60VE VOULO S£ 11 A CLEAR INVIIUION TO IIITWSIF lED SARG HOSTIL ITY liKELY 10 lUT FOR YEARS BE ACCOHPL ISNtO 'SAL HC S COPY'OI ADS·SO ES'Sl ISDI I _··_··············172138 BS1BIIZ 112 R B8UBH NOV 83 Fn AHEnBASSY AI1MN TO SECSTATt VASKDC 6172 INFO OCT·Sl 5 E eRE T 'SECT I ON 92 OF SJ AMA 8S76 DISSENT HANNEl Eo o I2H5 NIA TAGS EAID SY JO SUBJECT T£RHltiATIDII OF AID PROGRAM IN SYRIA THE STRENGTH OF VHlCn TN SANK HAS ISSUED AH IRREVOCABLE lETTER OF CREOIT UNIL TtRAL TfRMIIIATlOJl BY AID or SUCH LIC VQULO SEEM HGPlL Y In OSSIBL AND C p ETn Y DT DOCS l1I COMnE ClAL GAI KlliG PRAtTl • YET APP tl 1L Y REQUIRED BY THE lEGISLArION FIIIAtLY on OF THESE FI AHCIAI INSTRUI1EHTS HAVE GEEN PLEDGED BY THEIR HOLOEIiS THE CONTRACTORS AS SECURI n' roP LOANS YET UNDER THE ltGISLATIOi THE VAlur OF THE SrcORITY THE INSTRUHENT IIOULO at DE5T OYEO or SIGUIFIC NTLY ltts II O MAJOR ROU IDS OF DIFII CUL T li uOT I TlCI S AI D PR06ABI Y LEGAt PROBLtMS • All or VUICH nHD nOT BE SPELltD OUT IN THIS CA • ti E In SIGHT ro AID l EGqL PROSL HS vlTM TH SARG FO TH U S GOVERn' I1Wi TO 'GOIIH ItRNIU C t AUO O£M06IL 12'11011 0 I ' iS TO UHIC IH SArG nOT IO IS HE GIHrr PAF H PliO W £ht r H S lD- SUCH P I HIS HI Ti PROJ 'CT p GR n IIT 01 CO IlR CH VI L e TO PUT TH USC IN A IFF ICUI T IID lilll IiD lEG t POSIT 1011 SHOUlO IHE SARG CH LLE G SUtK ACTlO ftfOR FOR EXAHPLE TIi I TEP · J TlO L CCURT OF JLISi'CE COKPOUIIOIUG lH IJSG'S POTENTIAL OIFFICULTIES Vlll e A lEGISLATIVt REQUIREHENT THAT O OISBU SfMEHT TO THE SA G ITSELF· AS OPPOSED TO lERltl TlOn OISBUP HM NH TO tOIlTRACTOi S • TAH PL t' • AFTE THE OAr or T E lEGISlATIO THIS VIlI MEAn THAT AID IIHL H V TO'O CLlII TO RE IxeURsE IHt sAR CLOSE TO DOLS SO HILt ION IU OTHE IIISE El IOISlE COSTS R PRES Jjr'IIIG FUNDS ALREADY SPEnT er THt SARG FROM ITS OVII RESOURCES DN THE STREHGTH or THt CO 11I1ENT5 6Y AID IIITHE-RELEVAIIT • PROJECT AGRtEroEIITS TMPT AID IiO lD IIAKE SUtH REIIISURs£nENT THE SOLE RUSON FOR NON-PArtiE IT OF THQS£ COSTS 1i0ULD BE THAT PRIOR TO THE SARG'S ARRIVING AT THE POIUT or BilLING AID FO TNEII IN THE DUE COURSE or SUSIN£ S U S LEGISLATION INTERVEIIED IT DOES NOT SEEM TOO STROIIG TO STATE THAT A REFUSAL 0 THE USC TO HOHOR Arl UNOUAllrlED FINANCIAL O HITM HT TO R COGNI2ED SOVEREIGH GOVERN £Hl ftAY BE HISTORICAllY UITROUT PR£CEOENT ALSO IT IS HARDLY IUCO C£IVABLE THAT THE SARG VIU ASSERT THAT SUCN ACTION 8Y THE USG BEING OUTSIDE THE SCOPE or THE LOAN AGREEMENTS AND FRUSTRATING CHIEvEIIENT OF THEIR eJt' Tlvts RELIH£ THE SARG OF PHY OBliGATION TO REPAY THE PREVIOUSLY DISBURsEO' 6ALANCES 0 THOSE lOANS A TOTAl or AeOUT OOLS 121 MilL IOn SUCH ASSERTlOII BY THE SARG AND lOR COllllrlUED SARG OEIIANDS TOR PAYMENTS or THE DOL san VIU LlKElV PROVE MAJOR LEGAL IRRITANTS IN FUTURe USG SARG REt ATI ONS 6 POLITICAL COHSIDERA710NS OTHERS oeVIOUSIY CAlI SPEAK all THI$ B£TTER THAIlc J AND POLITIC L FACTORS ARE NOr THC AIN THRUST OF THIS DISSENT CABLE IT VOULO SECH BASIC ROIlEVER THAT VHATEVER THE UNDERSTANDA8LE ' ANGER AIIO RESENTHENT IN THC USG TOIIARD THE SYRIANS OVER LESANeN AND OTHE9111 SE T lA UL TIHATE COOPERU I01 III THE AREA REIIAIHS CRITICAL Ir PEACEFUL SETTlEnEN'rs ARE TO • I - - - - _ T PR£ rOEHT TO PE ·tET BY SUCH LEGISLATIOn THIS H ADING'IIEEDS LITTU LUOUTIOK BUT SHalILD e A CAUSE roo SIGHIFICAilT COIICUI IU VASHINGTOIl IHTERIlATlO iAL AGaHII HTS IF THEY CANNOT PROPERLY Bf VIEIIEO AS WIDING IN ACCOROAIICE VITH THEIR SlATED TtRMS BEtC C GREATLY DlnllllsHtD VA U£ AS OOES THE REPUTATIO OF Toil HAlIOII DECL INING 10 HONOR THEil ON AN ECONOHIC ASSISTANCE LEV£l THE EFFECT Ol'TlI O BC' 0 T S mOTlO Cbn 'Nt eAIJSE OTH R GOV RUKEIITS AID unCE COl TRACTORS AND THOH ISUCH AS BANKSI RELYIIIG on P I rIN IICIAl IIISTRUr EIITS TO DUESlIOIl SEnIOUSlV TN IllTEGRITY AID'S IINO£RTAY IHGS • AN ALHOST UIlTEIlAElE POSTURE FOR All INTERNATIONAL DONOR TO B IH 0 S C iNCLU IOil c J mcrrULl Y URGES STROIIG EXECUTIVE ERAliCH EHOR TO O EQT SUtH lEGISLAtiON AI roINlr U HVW TKE Ir PORUIlCE HO P ESPECT Tf t US6 Has'1RADllIOn L Y UHCri O T ltOUORIII IIIHRUATlOI At AGREEHWTS AIIO TO AVOI HAJO PDT UilAL lEG L 'DNn ICTS B6 B6 _ h ' _ _____ •• _ • ___ • _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06476879 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0647 6879 Date 01 11 2018 - -------------- -------------------- S C RET D q li-f ni nt of· PAGE· 01 ACT I O'N SP- 02 INFO AMMAN OCT-Ol 09761 03 Of '03 INCOMING Slat e TELEGRAM 0814112 9048 COPY-OJ ADS-do ES-OI 005 Vi - - - - - _ •• - - ' - _ - -172246 082015 Z 17 2 R O'81401Z NOV 83 fM AMEMB SSY AMMAN TO SECSTATE WASHOe 6773 5 E e R T SECTION 03 Of 03 AMMAN 09761 oI S S EIH E O CHAI NE l 12356 N A TAG S SUBJECT AiD SY JO TERI 11 N o 'T 0 1-1 Of AID PROGRAM IN SYRIA IV I TH TilE 5 ARG AND 0 R AF FE CT£ D CON TRAe TOR S THE lEG I S·l AT ION SHOULD BE MODIFIED 50 THAT HRMUJATIOfl ACTION 'IOUlD O-E TAKEN ONLY JO THE EXtENT PERMITTED UNDER T E RELEVANT AGP EE ENT5 HD fiN ANCI AliN 5 TRUM ENT'S I N ADD I T ION £ VEN SUCH MODIFIED LEGISLATION SHOULD BE CAREFULLY RECO·NSIDERED IN TERMS Of ITS POTENTIAL LIKElY IMPACT ON USG SAR'G RElATIONS 'AND OUR OBJECTIVES IN THE AREA 9 PLEA SEPA SS DAM ASCU5 fOR A' 'B PAGAfoi ELL I' OIH Y• V lETS ECR t - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476879 Date 01 11 2018 co 641697 2 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416972 Date 10 11 2017 - J U ij U J J U 'j' L L U U 1 U U lJ J ' 1 ' J 'I U U lJ Lf' r QUTGOING TELEGRAM OPT 'ONAl FUAM 185 OCRl 110 7 H fo'm rt'f'O J2 iU RI r' _ - D p' or J' ___ • RELEASE IN PART I ' L - _ _ __ _ LIMITE-D OFfICIAL -J' • r __________ -- '0 _ • _ I M - _ '0 _ _ _ • _ - _ 86 - _ _ _ _ _ _ 1· __ __ _ TG - _ _ L ' G ust Il ll l l ' CIAl CI1Ai CE - - - ' _ I - ' S P 1ACASEY 7 28 77 X2971 b· 'APPROV'E ' SIP TLAKE I PERiPE 1 PER G I ' SIP SIP I I I SIP 'MilY I ' ' § ROUTINE ' ' ' ' c I - lNOEL - CKINGSLEY -NNBOYER ' E - RJHARRINGTON A liON MELBOURNE 1' p J i - 0 1' 1 -' '- 0 OOi' Si -- - I P'DISSENT- CHANNEL j J' _ E O 11652 J N A TAGS ELAB AS SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE 197b LABOR REPORT FOR AUSTRALIA R EF FORI MELBOURNE 1270 I FROM 5 lAKE - SIP I AM SORRY y6UR REFTEL WAS NOT ANSWERED SOONER BE USE OF ADMINISTRATIVE RRROR PER PE IS THE APPROPRIATE OFFICE TO nEAL ITH REGARDING YOUR OER WE UNDERSTAND YOU ARE IN TOUCH WITH THEM AND WE HAVE GIVEN THEM A COpy OF REf TEL· WE WILL REMAIN IN TOUCH WITH PER ON THE MATTER WITH RESPECT TO OOlUDING COPIES OF DISSENT MESSAGES IN YOUR PERSONNEL fILE PER A»VISES THAT ONLY EVALUATIVE MATERIAL CAN BE ACCEPTED Y 7 8 6 5 3 2 o lIMITED OFFICIAL USE II C LA SS IF IC AT 'O N I 50185101 UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm nt of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416972 Date 10 11 2017 86 -_ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431356 Date 11 13 2017 1 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED 9FfICIAL USE S P JAARZT BDM EXT 29716 6-22-76 P JAARZT S P-OfP PJLYDON DRAFT SIP ONLY ROUTINE TEGUCIGALPA DISSENT CHANNEL 'FORI I ONLY 86 E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REf AIRGRAM A-22 DATED MARCH 29 1976 1 THIS ILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of YOUR DISSENT AIR GRAM ON JUNE 17 1976 MR • JEfFREY GARTEN OF HE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR AIRGRAM HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE' OFfICES Of THE 'SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR Of THE POLICY PLANNING STAFf AND THE CHAIRPERSON Of THE OPEN FORUM PANEL WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSE T CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED y LIMITED OFFICIAL L - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ ------_ USE ---- - --­ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431356 Date 11 13 2017 Ori9inol to be Filed In PRIORITY Oecentrolir ed· Files FILE DESIGNATION A-I031S UNCLASSIFIED 'U NOLIN' INOIC TOA NO All American Diplomatic and Consular Posts AID UJ RELEASE IN FULL Itt T - Ocr·' £ It 11·AM t1l I OC OM I IHT NAVY OSO etA FR 1 e T AA T A x -e I AIR ARMY I ISlA HSA I FROM Department of State SUBJECT CONGRESSIONAL TRAVEL DATE REF D __ __ he following instructions supersede the 1966 Handbook for Congressional Travel Upon receipt of this instruction all copies of the Handbook should be destroyed SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION All future CODEL messages will refer to this airgram • H IJ I Introduction IE Burke 20 extra copies POST R' UTI 'r TO ' A clion Info PO Initial The Department of State welcomes visits abroad by Congressional delegations and individual Members of Congress Such trips enable them to observe major developments in the world and to see at first hand the work of U S Officials responsible for carrying out American objectives and programs • Service to traveling Congressional delegations and Members of Congress is a major responsibility of all Missions Each Mission should extend full courtesy as well as provide information on the country help in arranging meetings with foreign' officials and any other desired assistance within its capa ility DC POL ECON CONS ADM i AID II pre- eparture US IS Briefings r-U_E -Action Taken ' The Depar·tment makes every effort to provide country briefings for Congressional delegations CODELS prior to their departure In some cases as appropriate USIA and or other agencies may pr ovide briefings in conjunction with the Department or separately If UNCLASSIFIED FOI' pepartment u•• Onlr III 0 In Out Droit a by J' £ d ' 1 1 f 1 _ ID othnQ DOl rjP on • l' o le ont nl and Clonificalion pprov d b' J d II r B 1 -ke ELKrizek pjl - 110 -11 72 21882 I H - David M Abshire Clo oncoa V HJ DRAFT A7BF IH'tj1urray A LOwens BF FS Mhines OC7P JSagona AID OLA TGillilland USIA IGC CL GMurchie 1 ol 1 tliol FORM I 10 640S-323 dA UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 ' A-I031S UNCLASSIFIED ' ' 2 Briefings are normally arranged through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Congressional Relations H AID briefings are normally arranged through the AID Office of Legislative Affairs OLA USIA briefings are arrange thro gh its Congressional Liaison Of f qe Clearances Clearance with the Department's Office of Congressional Relations H is required on every communicat on sent to the field concerning the schedules or desires of a Congressional delegation This clearance is required in order to provide 'control and coordination of Congressional travel even though other offices may have primary responsibility for the actual travel of the CODEL T'he Bureau of Administration A is responsible for the travel of the Appropriations Committees Clearance from the appropriate geographic bureau is also required on the initial telegram and subsequent telegrams of a substantive nature AID communications regarding Congressional Travel are cleared with the Office of Legislative Affairs OLA as well as with appropriate AID geographic bureaus Information copies of AID CODEL messages are supplied to H USIA will send to the Department's Office of Congressional Relations H information copies of any messages relating to a CODEL it may send to its USIS posts but prior clearance with the Department is required only when indicated by the substance III Communications • ' CODEL will be the caption on all airgrams and telegrams c oncerning any Congressional trip STAFFDEL will be used to define a Congressional staff trip The second word in the caption will be for identification i e CODEL SMITH designating a single traveler or in the event of more than one traveler the ranking majority member of the group The Department notifies posts of impending Congressional travel by telegram giving the purpose of the CODEL composition of its membe s itinerary and hotel requirements and transmitting specific requests regarding in-country schedule Upon receipt of the initial CODEL message the Chief of Mission UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 - ' A-I031S UNCL-ASSIFIED 3 or his Deputy should appoint a control officer See Part IV It is most import nt that all agencies represented at post be immediately notified of impending Congressional travel and where appropr iate assist the Control Officer in arranging the in-c ountry schedule After tl1e initial telegram th Department will continue 'to advise the posts by telegram 'of additional requests changes in itinerary and other pertinent information After the CODEL departs Washington it is the responsibility of the Control Officer to communicate directly with onward posts any changes in itinerary or scheduling sending info copies to the Department In cases where the action on a CODEL is joint Embassy USAID USIS etc all messages should use the CODEL caption and not the Joint Caption such as I1Embassy USAID I1 • If the control officer feels that the message should be passed to another agency his request should be included in the opening sentence in the text of the message IV Control Officer The Control Officer is directly responsible 'to the Chief of Mission He is expected to be free to prepare for the CODEL visit and to have the authority to call upon the resources of the post including members of the staff The Control Officer should coordinate with the appropriate members of the Mission staff to meet vlith the CODEL as soon as possible after arrival The Control Officer is responsible for the followi g Arrival The Control Officer and or other appropriate mission personnel should be on hand to greet the CODEL and facilitate entry and customs formalities Transportation The Control Office r should coordinate an ' control the official or locally-hired transportation furnished on arrival an throughout the visit If possible ' 'the Department will inform the post in advance of the CODEL's transportation requirements However the post must d'etermine the need o f the CODEL upon arrival and be prepare to provide transportation official or 10 cal ly-hired on 'a daily or hourly basis When the CODEL is authorized use of local currencies from 19FT5l0 funds and the post is unable to provide official cars locallyhired trans ortation is authorized chargable to the 19FTSIO UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 A-1031S NCLA5SIFIED 4 ac ount It S Bxt r emr- J y important for accounting and reporting purposes tl at· 'rJH Control Officer or the person responsible for obtaining locully-hired transportation inform the traveler in advance of the estimated cost of such transportation and obt in from the tr aveler 'a signed receipt When using official transportation r and it is necessary to charge drivers overtime to the 19FT510acc ount the traveler should also be informed in advance of the timated cost and requested to sign a receipt I I '£he Control Officer should insure that arrangements are made for the expeditio1 ls clearance through customs and prompt delivery o ba ggclge to the CODEL I 5 room Hotels In r equesting hotel accommodations the term best avarrclEle used in ·the Department I s messages merely designates th lt the COPEl h 3 l ot Jndicatec1 any preference in hotel The Crnltrol Office r h0uld make every effort to obtain confortable and convenient fi st class quarters at reasonable costs It shouJ d be r ememb red that Congressional trav lers 'are traveling in most c es ml per aiem and unless sp0clfically requested delu p ar r mmnodf lt iOTlS d' e not a necessity To avoid delay the c ntrol of£i er should arrange for pra-registration if possible OX' a s i t lpJ fied registration procedure in order that travelers iT i 1 y 'go 'iirectly to their rooms The Department will inform the P0St if a c ontrol room is uuthorized for the CODEL Local Cc rencv n ceipt Porms DS-l165 are to be signed by In the case of a large dele9atiop one individual will authorized to sign for any l i 1di t 1o nal fum1£ reguired to y or transportation and control roo · ' ts Form D5-116' sr ould be given to travelers fDr alL monies refunded to the Control Officer See Part VI far C j rm5sion of local currency account - 19 FT5l0 eacn-iU ffi'i er -I h 0il fmn s so advanced 'l c him Miscella uR'Service5 Services such as secretarial intermessenger etc I may be reques·ted The traveler 11 2 ' JI l o request assistance' and advice for shopping commiss f 1' 1 S '1l1tseeing Post should accommodate these regues ts · n · eJ' r 1· ' lible pre'tI'i1g --' 'i tn '-specI r ' OriAntatiOG Kl U2pending on the size and capabilities of th'e post J 1 I- m taU0 H kit may be found useful in facilitating the visit of ' he Cmv n ·r s sional t aveler The following is a suggested list of items tha·tlna yb · included in the kit as appropriate UNCLASSIFIED ·' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 ' A-I03lS ' e' UNCLASSIFIED 5 Summary of administrative arrangements and facilities I Organization of post with names and telephone numbers of key officers including all agencies represented at post Program if an in-country schedule' has been prearranged Map of the city 'Basic data on the country with separate geographic historical cultural political and economic information In AID missions basic briefing paper on the foreign assistance program Copy of USIA country data paper Key host government officials including biographie Points of historical or other interests Currency exchange card Shopper tips Sightseeing suggestions List of recommended doctors List of American consulates and other facili ti es in ·the country s Government List of names and positions of foreign guests the group will be li ely to meet at social functions I ist of US firms having branches in the city List of rominent Americans res ding in the country Inf9rmation sheet with suggestions on customs tipping language churches commissary etc transport tion List of hotel assignments Short list of useful words and phrases ' UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 -' A-10315 UNCLASSIFIED 6 passports The Control Officer should check each passport to make certain that all visas for the onward itinerary have been obtained If they have not he should attempt to obtain them or notify the next post Chan¥e in Itinerary The Control Officer should immediately noti y the Department if the CODEL changes his itinerary in a way that affects his return·to the united States Financial Arrangements The Control Officer should notify the Budget and Fiscal Officer when the initial cable is received as to the financial arrangements and requirements See Part VI ' V Program Preparation Program preparations should include when appropriate the participation of all agencies represented at the post and be approved by the Chief of Mission or his Deputy The objectives of the CODEL as set forth in the Department's communications are the primary basis for the programs at each post However the Department relies on the Control Officer's local knowledge in constructing a program that will benefit both the CODEL and the Department The formal program should include an appropriate briefing by the Chief of Mission his Deputy or the Control Officer before any meetings with foreign government officials and other foreign nati onals Staff members of the official party should be included in the program arrangements Sightseeing church attendance shopping recreation' and other personal activities will vary widely Most of these should be arranged only at 'the option of the individual traveler But what is available should be made known and offe ed Impor ant points to remember are It is important that the traveler's schedule not be over organized Keep in mind that most 'individuals pr0fer a flexible SChedule When preparing thc program remember that in most instances trave ers prefer to have a half-day free time unschechlled and perhaps a meal or two privately Consider that members of a group may welcome a chance UNCLASSIFIED - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 A- 315 UNCLASSIFIED to occasionally break away from the other members Scheduling of events for the day of arrival in particular should be kept light • The Congress annually considers program authori zation'and appropriation bills for Foreign Assistance USIA and Peace Corps activities CODELS generally will be interested in seeing exa ples of these projects as well as meeting former participants who have traveled or studies in the United States ' When possible the CODEL message will advise missions whether or not members of the delegation specifically desire press conferences or meetings with other elements of the local community such as local political opposition leaders business and labor leaders students and other individuals who may ave potential for rapid growth or great public impact On occasion Members of Congress may suggest names of individuals they would like included in social functions Most Members may wish to meet American residents from their own states or districts particularly during a visit to a military installation Congressional vi its to the posts afford a unique opportunity for Americans residing abroad to obtain a first band and ' current observation of developments in the United States Congressmen are exceptionally well informed on our domestic situation and in most instances would welcome an opportunity to give a briefing on important issues ' VI EXPENSES Sources Regulations Handling· Use of Congressional Travel Account 19FT510 j The Department has no jurisdiction over the expenditures incurred by authorized Congressional delegations The Department transmits to the post the Committee's authorization to disp rse local currencies from the 19FT510 account to l'ts members 'fhe post is not repeat not permitted to disburse local currency to Congressional travelers without the receipt of such authorization from the Department of State The authorization spec fies the authorizing committee and where appr opriate authorizes the daily local currency expenditure amount per CODEL member plus funds to cover local tran9portation costs UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 Ii UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 A 10315 UNCLASSIFIED ' 8 Very often the traveler will change his itinerary enroute and travel to posts that were not on the distribution of the initial travel message In such cases it is necessary to notify the Department so that authorization to disburse funds may immediately be requested from the Committee Chairman ·The statutes governing the use of local currencies from 19FT5l0 for authorized Congressional travel limit the amounts of foreign currencies available in non-excess currency countries to the equivalent of $50 per day local currency expenses per individual plus transportation costs The law does not limit amount available to authorized Congressional travelers in excess currency countries Missions providing Congressional funds from 19FT5l0 should maintain a sufficient cash supply on hand for use by Congressional visitors at the post and for distribution to SUbsidiary posts· where such visitors may stop The post must be ready to fur nish on short notice any additional funds required by a delegation Missions should notify the Department immediately if dequate funds are not available Amounts of 19FT5l0 funds in non-excess countries are distributed to each congressional traveler according to the length of stay measured by $50 pe·r diem as mentioned above The limit for subsistence in excess currencies countries is prescribed by the traveler The disbursing officer at the post will provide Form· OS-1165 for receipting of local currencies advanced and returned I Ji I i I Form 08-1165 is prepared in q adruplicatp the original to be signed by the person receiving the funds who should be given a duplicate opy The original is sent to Washington Financial Services BF FS with the monthly Form FS-488 one is kept by the disbursing officer and one is kept by the control offiger All Forms OS-1165 must show the appropriate committee which authorized the advances The mission should obtain from each individual traveler or in the case of a group the individual authorized to sign for the group wri t'cen authorization for payment of bills such as car hire and· telephone calTs which may be receiver i after departure of - the group The detailed accounts of Congressional Travelers are Congressional business stric ly UNCLASSIFIEO UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State 'Case No F-201S-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 A-I03lS UNCLASSIFIED 9 State Department or Other Government Agency Appropriated Funos When State Department funds ar utilized regular travel orders are issued and payments for expenses are processed exactly as ' ·they are for Departmental or Foreign Service travelers When the travel is sponsored by the Department of Defense portions of the official expenses may be borne directly by· the military escort officer Travel expenses of Members of Congress or staff of the House Appropriations Committee are funded from appropriations by dollar advances made to· members and staff prior to departure upon written authorization from the committee Chairman Control Off cers should arrange to make currency exchanges promptly at point of arrival and plan to convert unused local currency to U S currency at time of departure In some instances arrangements are made by the Committee Chairman with the Department prior to departure for advances from Embassy funds on a reimbursable basis In such cases posts will be notified in advance by the Department and appropriate symbols and account numbers will be given ' Accurate records must be kept f r all sums so advanced Such vouchers are returned to the Department for billing to authorizing committees for repayment This is an unusual arrangement and would occur only under extraordinary circumstances VIr Escort Officer On occasion when requested by the Committee Chairman the Department will provide an escort 'officer for Congressional trips Initial Steps The escort officer's major responsibility is to assIst in the substantive planning of the trip' and to coordinate all details with the Department and the·field The admini trative details itineraries visas passports unding etc are han lled py H-Congressional Relattons The escort officer will work closely with the Congressional Travel office clearing all communications and coordinating ·all administrative details UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State· Case No F-201S-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED 10 The escort offic er will arrange appropriate geographic bureau ·briefing for the delega tion before departure Press releases prepared speeches and photographs are normally _ ' handled by the Congressional staff However the escort officer hould be prepared to assist with the control officer in distribution of· these items after arrival During the Trip The es·cort officer will prepare and approve telegrams to all onward posts info copies to the Control Officer and th Department concerning all itinerary or schedule changes made after the group has left the United States The Control Officer will at all times work through the escort officet and is responsible for supporting the escort officer in facilitating transmission of such messages and to follow through if required after the departure of the CODEL Only when authorization is received from the Chairman of the Committee will the escort officer's expenses be paid from the 19FT5l0 funds The Department will transmit this authority to the field · Congressional groups accompanied by military escort officers designated by the Department of Defense should also be assisted Appropriate consideration should also be given to the crew of the military aircraft These delegations are usually handled ·by the military authorities who will send out communications through their channels Every effort should be made to obtain from the military Attache timely and pertinent information in order to coordinate appropriate assistante The Department wil attempt to notify the post of Congressional travel handled by DOD j I VIII Miscellaneous 1 Diplomatic Pouch Facilities l ' y' Diplomatic Air Pouch facilities may be used for transmission of correspondence and packages of Members of Congress Packages destined for Wqshington D C may be transmitted without postage by diplomatic pouch All packages forwarded by pouch facilities are to be registered When pouching packages the Department should be advised in advance by cable of the registry number pouch invoice number and the date at the pacJr age Ls c 1ispatched No liquids incendiary materials TlMf'T t c C Tl 'T·l 'n UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 • I ·f '''' ' ' pc - • • e' A-10315 UNCLASSIFIED 11 'explosives firearms ammunition corrosives such as but not limited to hydrochloric and sulphuric acids radioactive substances magnetic materials fragile items and poisons may be forwarded by diplomatic pouch Packages received in ' Washington will b forwarde l immediately to the local deputy collector of customs for clearance and the Congressman's office will be notified Packages to addressees outside of Washington must be forwarded through postal channels and have affixed appropriate United state or foreign stamps at the international rate Occasionally a traveler may wish to send an item too large for the pouch and therefore must be shipped via commercial means at the traveler 's expense In such instances the traveler should be informed in advance of the shipping cost Telegrams Official teleirams originated by the traveler are sent in the same manner as State Department official traffic Tele grams to non-governmental agencies or private individuals which are not of an official nature are to be sent as interested party messages ROGERS UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 CO 641606 O IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416060 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 %MXTEO DF %C±A US BOGOTA 2Se1 STAOISiiiiiiliiiiiiiliii1iliiiiililiiiiiiiiiliiliiiiliiiiili 86 2 R F U stION D THE POLiCY JUSTx iCAT DN OB pic ORUNn%N A I ARI3E tNVESTM NT MUStON TO VISIj' CC CMI U R IS ACK OW DG D MV DIS8 T CHANN L M SSAG BE' ANNOUNC TH ARR VAI OF rWO OPIC RI PR 8ENTATtV S XN eOQO A ON ARCH 28 TO MAKE F N L ARRAN EM NTS OR THE INY STM NT XSStON 3 THe PUBP05E 0 1' THU 'ES Q Ie TO iNSI IR TtiAT' ' 'H IUCXPXENTS OF R • ARE AWAR O OeXCI el ANS TO MOV AH AO WITH 'T %S PROJ CT AND 'TO eU Q ar tHAT I R A R SU T S rN A D lSION AGAINST THE ADVtUB%LXTY Opr _THE MUUQ JI S YUrT TO COI-CMUA LIMITED O l' ICIAL US ' 'GiS - • of· lip MtTfD PAri 02 o rlciAL OGOf 02ees US i'2 42i It WOULD EASi R fo IMPLfM NT THI D eisION P IQRrTO 'tH A IVA O TM ADVANCE T AM ATH R THAN A 1ERWARO UNCH Z of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06416060 Date 10 11 2017 C06417012 IED U S 'Department of Stat · 'case N· F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417b12 Date 10 11 2017 Departnlen oJ State PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-CIl2 INFO OCT-CIlJ STATE 1813622 ES-0J 150-00 TELEGRAM 9598 RELEASE IN FULL 1004 R DRAFTED BY SIP MACASEY BOM APPROVED BY 51 ALAKE SIP - A DEPORTE S P RJHARRINGTON SIP-OF NABOYER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY ------------------043286 0215512 147 R 0 1240Z AuG 77 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY PARis L MITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 180622 DISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 N A PFOR FR FOR DOBRtN FROM LAKE SIP PINT PGDV SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE FRENCH LEFT USG RELATIONS WITH THE I THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON USG RELATIONS WITH THE FRENCH LEF·T ANTON DEPORTE OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF WILL BE COORDINATING A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL PRACTICES YOUR ME SSAGE HAS B EEN CJRCUlA'TED TO THE OFFIces OF THE SECRETARY 'THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORU AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EUROPEAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOU ON YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED CHRISTOPHER LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417012 Date 10 11 2017 86 SIP MECELY 8DM EXT 22562 4-22-77 S P PKREISBERG I ARA PPC - MR EINAUDI· SIP-OF - MR ARA AR LAICAR - 80Y R - MR HEAVNER MR HEELER S a i1 - 6 1 9t SIP ONLY PRIORITY BRIDGETOWN DISSENT CHANNEL PK ME E E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR 88 MR E • MR H SUBJECT INCREASED STAFFING OF AID OFFICE REF fOR BRIDGETWON 2468 L I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I ---11 MR ' w NAB FROM TONY LAKE - SIP ---_ _-- I I 1 IN CONNECTION WITH THIS MESSAGE AND WITH I I ' '•• CONCURRENCE WHICH IS REQUESTED PLEASE SEE STArE Qr l9 1 t ­ REPLYING TO I I ' s 2452 2 LIKE THE DECISION AMONG THE PRINCIPAL OPTIONS OPEN TO THE USG IN HANDLING ITS R'ELATIONS WITH THE MICROSTATES O-F THE EASTERN CARIBBEAN THE DECISION ON THZ LEVEL OF STAFfING THE RDO C REMAINS OPEN THE FINAL DECISION WILL BE INFLUENCED BY THE POLICY DIRECTION CHOSEN IN CONNECTION WITH VIEWS OF 'THE' NEW AMBASSADOR AND WILL PROBABLY NOT aE TAKEN UNTIL AFTER THE PARM REVIEW is COMPLETED 3 THE PROPOSED INC'REASED STAFFING 1 OES NOT APPEAR OUT OF LINE WITH THE SIZE OF THE PROGRAM HICH WAS INITIALLY QUITE SMALL BUT IS OW INCREASING SUBSTANTIALLY ONE NEW POSITION RESULTS FROM RELOCATING· A REGIONAL CONTROLLER FROM HAITI AND REPRESENTS NO REAL INCREASE IN MANPOWER RESOURCES FOR PROGRAM PURPQSES THE OTHER TWO NEW AMERICAN L E#off AL u fJ4 -I -----------_ _----_ _ ------------------ v UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No CO§ 31096 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 -07743 Doc No C06431096 Date 11 13 2017 CONfIDEPHIAb- POSITIONS TO ONE OF WHICH A NOMINATION HAS BEEN MADE AR£ DESIGNED TO MOVE PROJECTS FASTER AND TO DESIGN THEM BETTER 80TH Of WHICH WILL BE PROGRAM OBJtCTIVES If THE CONTINUATION Of THE REGlONAL APPROACH THROUGH THE CDB IS DECIDED THE PROJECTED LEVEL OF US FUNDING COMMITMENTS TO TH£ CDS IS HIGH ENOUGH TO' PROVIDE A REASO ABLE JUSTIfICATION FOR THE ADDITIONAL POSITIONS IN LIGHT OF AID ' E PERIENCE WtTH SIMILAR PROGRAMS ELSEWHER THE ALTERNATIVE OF USING MORE TD VISITS HAS BEEN EXPLORED AND -DISAPPROVED IN· LIGHT Of BOTH THE LEVEL OF 'PROJECTED ACTIVITY AND THE DIfFICULTIES WITH COMMUNICATIONS INTO AND OUT Of TI E AREA 1 4 WHETHER OR NOT THE P OPOSED COMPLEMENt INCREASE FOR RDO C IS INCONSISTENT WITH THE OVERALL AU TERITY OF EMBASSY STAffING IS ANOTkER I SUE THE PARM EXER ISE IS DESIGNED TO ADDRESS THIS KIND OF QUESTION AND WILL ·PROVIDE AN OPPORTUNITY TO JUSTIFY BETTER STAfFIN fOR THE EMBASSY PROPER LEGISLATIVE CONSTRAINTS ON' STAFFING FLEXIBILITY WI L OF COURSE REMAIN·AND THIS IS A SEVERE PROBLEM S YOU ARE' COLLECTIVELY COMMENDED FOR USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL I POLOGIZE FOR THE DELAY IN RE PONSE yy L - - - _ - - I - - - - - --- - - - -- - - -- - - - - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - -- --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2 _16-07743 Doc No C06431096 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 861 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washineton D C ' 20520 November 13 1975 CONFIDENTIAL To SIP - Mr Thornton From SICCT - Robert A Subject Dissent Message on Terrorism fromLI __________________ Fearey Pursuant to your memo of October 23 and' our subsequent telephone conversation t e fOll Winu6information is provided on the points advanced bYl n her October 20 Dissent Paper on Department's'Pollcy on'errorism The paragraph numbers below correspond with those in her memorandum 1 Asl Istates the Department does not negotiate with terrorists By negotiate I mean bargain on ransom or other concessions She is also correct that the Department gives as ts basic reason for this policy its belief that our refusal to negotiate with terrorists deters kidnappings With respect to I dissent arguments against this position the US pollcy of not negotiating with or acceding to the demands-of·terrorists is in no sense a slogan It is a carefully considered policy which has proved its soupdness over time We seek to deny··successes to terrorists so that the incentive to terrorists tq seize Americans abroad and foreign diplomats in this country will be minimized • There is considerable evidence which I can make available to you that our no-ransom no-concessions policy is widely known and believed by Palestinian and other terrorists and that i t is in fact helping to deter abductions There is also convincing evidence that this policy has not been at the expense of the safe recovery of Americans who have been kidnapped with the possible exception of the Khartoum case I says that the RAND study A Proposed Policy for DealIng Wl'tn Hostage Incidents showed that a country's policy on terrorism ••• is the least significant factor in terrorists' planning action and reaction and that there is no basis for CONFIDENTIAL GD'S' - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No CQ6445837 Date 12 11 2017 86 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 2 alleging that the 'no negotiation' policy actually deters kidnappings he RAND study is by no means as clear or positive in that view as_ lindicates It states that the relationship between no-ransom no-concession policies and subsequent terrorist actions is unclear but it specifically recognizes that such policies do have deterrent value though not as much RAND alleges as the USG has tended to believe I R I allegation that the Department has ignored her earlier letters and memoIanda S CCT files Include a number of meio n a -Froj my pre ecessors Am a s do rs Meyer and Hoffacker to _ _ _ __ respond ng to her cr1t c1sms and compla1nts particu aT y 1n regard to the Khartoum incident and RAND's examination of that incident I understand that Ambassador Hoffacker also offered to meet with I I to discuss the issues but that she did not respond to the suggestion ' I I queries and proposals were not ignored the file shows they were carefully answered She has never approached me in writing or in person though I would of course have been prepared to see her In answer tol I further points under dissent number 1 the RAND study was not commissioned as a result ofl I expressed views it was commissioned because the Department wished the benefit of RAND's examination of and recommendations on USG policies and procedures in hostage cases Far from the results of the study being thrown away because they do not fit the Department's preconceived notions the study of which the conclusions and recommendations section was received only a·few weeks ago is undergoing careful analysis in S CCT prior to its subwission with our views and recommendations to Mr Eagleburger A number of RAND's recommendations put forward during the course of the study's preparation have already been reflected in· our terrorism policies and procedures as set forth in A-775 February 5 19 5 and A-4709 July 10 1975 2 I Imaintains that the Department punishes Ambassadors who successfully negotiate to save lives Saving lives is a major objective in any terrorist incident But it is also important to pursue that objective by means which will minimize incentives to future terrorism 'These two objectives are often in conflict which is why we have carefully drawn policies and procedures set forth in A-775 and A-4709 designed to achieve the hostage's safe release while at the same time denying juccess to the terrorists There is no basis fore I allegation that the message is clear save lives ruin your own career Ambassadors who helped to save American -r fl IJ IW fWt- 0 J -' tmt e vY 'rr f e v Ik of CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 3 hostages t lives in the Barbara Hutchison case in Santo Domingo the Col Morgan case in Beirut and in other instances have had their contributions explicitly recognized in commendatory messages from the Secretary and other high Department officials k 3 I alleges that the Department refuses even to finish t e RAND hostage study project and related case studies She charges in effect a cover-up by the Department of its handling of terrorist incidents particularly Khartoum The fact is that S CCT has done everything possible to expedite completion and delivery of xhese studies However RAND found that a thorough job required more time than it had expected and they and we have not wished to sacrifice quality for speed ' The completed hostage study though still not assembled in one 'piece and formally submitted was received a few weeks ago - The case studies of individual terrorist incidents such as the one in Khartoum were not contracted for as a part of the hostage study but were prepared by RAND as working source materials for the hostage study SleeT recently committed $12 000 to enable RAND to up-grade these working materials to the status of RAND Reports 8 or 9 case studies including the one on Khartoum bearing RAND's formal approval or Working Notes 4 or 5 case studies not bearing this formal approval baj The Derartmpnt never refused to pay for these case studies a s a l l d g e s but rather has pursued their completion and submission as rapidly as work on the basic hostage study permitted The Department has cooperated fullYrwith RAND in providing documents and participant witnesses to assist preparation of the case studies to RANDts complete satisfaction The only delays were when a few documents notably some NODIS Khartoum cables initially could not be found As soon as they were found they were provided to RAND There is no basis fori I allegation of an attempted Department cover-up on Khartoum or any other incident h b charges that RAND's recommendations for· changes in 0 r cerrotIsmolicies were rejected by the Department and ordered to be rewritten in a form palatable to it by watering down the conclusions and placing them in a separate annex S CCT did t RANDts request review sections of its report as they were prepared providing informal written comments and discussing them with RAND o'fficials when they were in Washington CONF DENT IAL -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 ' 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 4 These discussions reflected RAND's and S CCT's belief that the final RAND report would be most useful if its authors had the benefit of our reactions as preparation of the report proceeded This interchange also permitted us to benefit from some of RAND's recommendations during the two years that the report was in preparation One RAND proposal whichl I apparently has in mind and which has never commended l seI£ to S CCT is that the Secretary be asked to approve in advance a ransom option in instances when it appears that payment of a ransom might save an American life This proposal was extensively discussed by S CCT with the RAND study authors in the months prior to completion of their study during which the RAND authors basically maintained their proposal in spite of S CCT's arguments against it Some three months ago it was agreed in one of these discussions that because RAND's concept was that the ransom option should be known only to the Secretary and a few top Department officials and because both RAND and S CCT wished the completed RAND report to be made widely available RAND should submit its full reasoning underlying this proposal in a confidential letter to S CCT S CCT would then use this letter in presenting the proposal to the Secretary without S CCT's support for his consideration while discussion of the proposal in the formal widely available report would be confined to its more general aspects This confidential letter was subsequentlY received by S CCT from RAND By that time however the Secretary-had publicly stated at Vail and Orlando that the US Government woul never negotiate with terrorists making it crystal clear that he would not entertain a ransom option proposal --· RAND accordingly decided that a memorandum from S CCT to the Secretary embodying the RAND I k proposal without S eCT's backing would serve no useful purpose t« ' - ·at thi time It accordingly withdrew the confidential letter ' and included its entire reasoning underlying the proposal in the conclusions and recommendatIons section of the final report A copy of the confidential letter is nevertheless retained in S CCT's file with RAND's knowledge lalso alleges that the first three sections of the essentially background material and analysis were not made available to officers handling hostage situations It is true that these sections were not initially distributed by S CCT because it was felt that such distribution should await RAND s7t u d y c o n taining CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date ------------- -- -- 12 11 2017 - - ----- -- ---'- - - ---'--- - ---'-- ---'--- -'---'------- ------- -' CONFIDENTIAL 5• receipt of the conclusions and recommendations section and Seventh Floor decision in disposition of the full report After receipt of that section had been delayed S CCT made the initial sections available last July to a numbe of interested Department offices and to AFSA I would have been glad to-make them available to the AF C Office Director had he asked for them or had I felt that they had useful relevance to our Stanford students case which they did not Present S CCT plans subject to'approval by M and receipt of the necessary copies from RAND are to make the complete RAND study including the recently received conclusions and recommendations section available to all members of the Cabinet Committee Working Group to Combat Terrorism on which 22 USG departments and agencies are represented The study's 'title would also be included in the INR Papers Available circular and would thus be available to all interested Department officers and to all Foreign Service Posts abroad 4 I lalleges that the Department publicly disowns Ambassadors who use official resources to assist in negotiating the release of captives such as shipment of ransom funds by pouch storage of such funds in official safes and escorting of persons contacting kidnappers by US Embassy officials These things' were done in the Stanford students or Patter-' son cases some with specific prior Department approval but not oy the Secretary and some with subsequent tacit Department approval but not by the Secretary As earlier noted there is no basis __ fo _ a m r ' s cha ge that the Department Ildisowns Ambassadors who use official resources'w to assist in- obt-a-iliing-' the release of aptives as long as the resources are properly used 5 Icontends that the Depart ent overdoes its public emphas1s on our no-ransom no-conceSS10ns policy and that this over-emphasis' impedes negotiat'ions during hostage situations to the detriment of the safe release of the hostages She recommends that the US officials maintain silence on these policies during incidents Partly as a resultof arecommendation by RAND during preparation of its hostage study it is now a firm and accepted element o£'our t rorism policies and procedures 'but not yet formally CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIE U S Department of_State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 -- -- - - ------ ------- - '--'----- CONFIDENTIAL 6 transmitted to the field that US officials will not publicly reiterate our no-ransom no-concession policies during an incident Our position during incidents is that these pOlicies are well known that their reiteration is therefore unnecessary and implicitly that their reiteration might provoke retaliatory action by the abductors against the American hostage B6 6 I criticizes the US policy of refusing to deal directly with terrorists She recommends that our posts be instructed to take whatever steps are needed directly or through the host government depending on what will be most effective to SAVE LIVES For the reasons indicated above t e USG does not negotiate with terrorists The USG on the other hand has in the past and does now authorize USG officials to meet with terrorists or their representatives to secure informatiori-about the well-being of the hostages to transmit mail and packages to them and to urge their unconditional release For the reasons earlier indicated it is considered inadvisable for the USG to go beyond this i e to enter into negotiations looking to concessions to terrorists But our policy is explicitly designed tp save lives -- the lives involved in a particular incident and ·the far larger number of lives of exposed Americans around tne world who might be seized if the USG started to pay ransom or m ' political concessions 7 I I c uding'recommendation i hard to follow but seems' to be an eal to eliminate consideration from our release of host cs efforts of our relations with other countries good public relations etc -and·to concentrate exclusively on saving lives The USG must of course conduct all its activities including saving the lives of American hos ages abroad in light of its foreign policy and public relations interests There have nevertheless been instances such as the Egan case in Argentina la March when host governments have failed to' act effer ve1 to secure the safe release of American hostages and the USG has not A evision of Circular Airgram A-775 will prepared as soon as a number of S CCT-proposed clarificatiop of our terrorism policies and pr cedures have been approve by the Seventh Floor CONFIDENTTr L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Da 12111 2017 _J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date '12 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 7 acted quickly and firmly to press such governments to take more effective action or has failed to take over the release effort itself when feasible This problem was addressed and necessary provisions made in A-4709 July 10 1 75 The US has in effect taken over the effort to secure the release of the current American captives in Eritrea But the problem can never be completely overcome We will never be able to ignore our relations ith host governments or with other governments or our public rel tions interests as we work to recover seized Americans abroad 1 In her final Conclusions I Irefers to her efforts since 1971 to push the Department a way from its machismo-image self-concerns into an outward-looking· policy which worries about hostages rather than how the Department will look She asks the Department to find the moral courage to take the RAND study admit past mistakes and issue a new policy instruction which is simply eep qui t publically sic negotiate tI As already noted the USG does its utmost to secure the safe release of hostages consistent with the denial of successes to terrorists We have had a good record in this effort There have been very few terrorist incidents in which even by the advantage of hindsight we could have achieved better results through different policies and procedures iewing the matter not only from the long-term deterrence point of view but also from the point of view 9f the immediate purpose to save American hostage lives It is not a matter of machismo-image self-concerns but of sound policies and procedures for the saving of American lives in both the short and long terms i As for the RAND study this as already indicated is now being analyzed by S CCT preparatory to the submission of recommendations to M for any improvements of our existing terrorism policies and procedures which the RAND recommendations might indicate While there will be one or two such recommendations S CCT does not perceive in the RAND report any basis for recommending important changes in our current terrorism policies Except for its ransom option proposal neither it appears does RAND S CCT RAFeare y ijg CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471912 Date 01 11 2018 ----------- - --- RELEASE IN PART 86 Department of State LIMITED OFFJCJAL USE PAGE 01 8ANGKO 06220 TELEGRAM 9'7 062222Z 66 11 ACTION INFO 55 0 14 OCT-01 1015 W MAY 72 AMEH8ASSY BANGKOK TO SECSTATE WASHoe 3159 R 04 927Z M LIMITED OFFICIAL USE BANGKOK 6220 E 0 C TED c---O- UPGRADING FM UNCLA'S TO LH1JTED OFF'ICAL IUSE usa HI BANGKOK DISSENT CHANNEL SUBJI STATEMENT OF OPPOSITION TO THE BOMBiNG 'OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM' I' tNDING ESTABLISHMENT OF AID PROCEDURES FOR DISSENT THIS CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VlEW SUBMITTED BY I I I I USOH PROGRAM OFFICE· 1 I 86 lOyOTEI I A UNIT D STATES ' OREIGN SERVICE RE SERVE OFFICER SERVING WITH THE u So AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IUSOHI IN THAILAND FORMALLY REGISTER MY OPPOSIfoiON foe 'THE RECENT MILITARY ACTION TAKEN BY THE UNITED ST TES AGAiNST iHE ' DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIc OF' ViETNAM lORVlo 20 CURR NTLY 3 0 I TAKE 'THIS POSITION AS J STRONGLY FEEL 'THAT THE BOMBING 'OF' THE' ORV IS ADVERSE TO THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE U S AND 'CONSTiTUTES AN ANGRY AND INTEMPERAiE REACiioN OF 'THE UNITED STATes R TAER HAN AN OBJECTIVE AND PRODUCTivE ACT OF GREAT· NATION 'PROTECTING j'Ts PERCEIVED INTERESTs IN SOYTHEAST ASIA 4' VIEWED FROM ITS' VARioUS ASPECTS OUR MILIT RY ACTIONS IN THE NORT CAN NLY SERVE ·TO A O THE dRVIS ATTEMPT Tb TAKe OVER THE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE '' - -' - • ' - ' r - ___ _ ' _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471912 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471912 Date 01 11 2018 - Department of State -TELEGRAM 'I LIMIT D OFFt IAL pAGE 03 BANGKO 06220 USE 052 22Z OUR rOUNTRY HAS REACHED THE POINT T AT A MILiTARY RETALIATORY REACTION rs THE ONLY wiv WE CAN RESPO D TO A'tHALCENGE TO 'OUR INTE ESTSo CERTAINLY GREAT NATrONI IF'iT i TO REMAIN GREAT' HUST HAVE THE SELFDCONF'IDENCE AND SECURITy'TO AcT OBUECTIVELv AND WITH RESTRAINT OUR POWER 1 S TOO GREAr r OR' US TO ACT PEEvjSHLY WITHOUT GIVING ouR CURRENT AND POTENTIAL FRIENDS CAUSE FOR LARH IF WE ANT PEOPLE TO-TRUsi us AS THIS IS T E ONLY BASis FOR TRUE FRiENDSHIP THE WE MUST'EARN 'THAT TR ST BY BEHAVING AS A M TURE NATION CAPABLE Jr rAc·iNG ADVERSE EVENTS WITHiN A 'CONFiiDENT AND RATIONAL MANNER AS I CAN SEE NO RATIONAL REASON FO BOM6lN9 r HE DRy I URGE A CHANGE IN U S POLICY TO ONE PROHISrTING A 'u s MILITi RY INCURSION INTO THE oRV NOW AND IN THE FUTURE lEND QUOTEI UNGER NOTE CLASS'IFlCATION UpGRADED 'TO l'IMITED OfFrCIAL SE' PER RicH RD R PETERSON S PC 5 5 72 LIMITED OFEICIAl USE - -_ - _- - ---_ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471912 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473692 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington O C 20S20 August 1 1974 86 BangKoK DearL-I_ _ _ _ _ _I 86 I I Your letter of July 26 was received and noted prior to the despatch of the dissent c hannel cable sent to you on August 8 I I I appreciate your taking the time to set the record straight on the RED staff vi ws on the reorganization issue You can assure them hat these were fully taken into account in the final preparat on of the Washington response While the decision did not go as the staff had Tished I hope the r understand that the policy issues they raised were carefully considered and that the reaffirmat on of a strong US support of regional arrangements in Southeast Asia can be consiqered a use ul attribute of the review that their cable elicited j I Sincerely yours ·1'j p· C William Kontos Member Policy Planning Staff L - - --- -- - - '- '''-'''-'''- -_ __ - _ _ '--' _--- - -- - -- - - - -- -' - - - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473692 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 861 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 February 24 1975 MEMORANDUM TO FROM SUBJECT sip - Mr Lord ' f - - _ _ _ _1---------- 86 Dissent Message Ethiopian Government Request for Additional Military Sales The decision which will be taken by the USG on the recent urgent request of 'the Ethiopian military government for an additional $25 million in military sales will have an important impact on the future course of US-Ethiopian relations While I believe that qur overall military sales assistance policy toward Ethiopia should be reviewed in light of the present situation including careful consideration of the desirability of suspending all military sales and grants I am limiting my attention in this memorandum to the question of new arms requests and not to shipment of materiel already in the pipeline Approval of t j ta's request for an additional' $25 million in mil t ry sa e o lq under p esent circ stances · constitute a ·cl5 ar- s 9J al of I pport for the current regime and hostility to' the Er-it'rean and other internal forces which oppose 'it ro W y al 'f s9ns I question whether any signifi t U§G n r s't 3 w uJ d be served l y approving the request n4 be v on the contrary that US interests could be damaged by dC 4-n _ s o First o r past support of the Ethiopian Government of Haile Selassie should not be seen as in any way requiring our support'now of the provisional military government Our past close relations with the Imperial Ethiopian Government were based on several concrete US national interests -- The Emperior's Government was pro-Western and provided moderate leadership in Africa and elsewhere in the Third World COiiffi'IB13 i'iP i iM GDS I ---- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12i11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 eONPIDEN IAL -2- -- The lEG was a bulwark against neighboring radical regimes in the Horn of Africa and against Soviet influence in the area It was the only governme t in the Red Sea area friendly to Israel -- The lEG permitted us to establish important military communications facilities in Eritrea None of the above reasons which justified our past military assistance to Ethiopi are present today The quid pro quo for Kagnew Station argument ended with the phase-out of most of our facilitIes there Meanwhile the public policy statements many of which seem to reflect a growing influence of the People's Republic of China of the present government indicate that it intends on building a radical socialist state It has backed up these words with measures which are not in USG interest including the nationalization of US firms with only vague promises of comperisation The military government hardly seems to be an effective counter to radicalism in the Horn--indeed the present regime in the Sudan seems moderate by comparison In addition the present regime certainly does not give the appearance that it would be sympathetic toward Isra l in the event of a resumption of hostilities in the Middle East Second it is far from clear that even with stepped up aid the present regime will be able either to control the situation in Eritrea or even maintain itself in·power The Eritrean insurgents are not the only group which would like to see the downfall of the present regime The devoutly Christian conservative peasantry of Tigre and Begemder Pr0vinces from whom Ras Menghesha's partisans are drawing support and the Muslim Afars in the Danakil have no love for the socialistic junta and a rekindling of the Galla Somali opposition in the east is also possible Historically transition periods in Ethiopia have frequently been prolonged disorderly and bloody • An almost Darwinian process seems to operate until a new strong personality emerges to weld the country together it would seem wise for the USG not to get involved in this internal Ethiopian situation particularly in view of the junta's policy orientation While US prestige and credibility would not suffer ser10usly now from the defeat or overthrow of the junta this danger would increase if we were to commit ours lves to the present regime CONFIDBU'fIAr UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 -3- Under the present circumstances new arms sales to the junta would be viewed as such a commitment As Vietnam showed once we do commit ourselves to military support of a regime cutting it off becomes increasingly difficult--both in terms of our relations with the government concerned and of our efforts to avoid a diplomatic and or military defeat On the hasis of the foregoing I have concluded that there are no substantial USG interests to be served by approving this sale At the same time there are some important US interests which would be advanced by denying this request under present circumstances First it has been the general policy of the USG to avoid the development of arms races in Africa and as a result our arms 'sales and grants in Africa have been very limited The reasons which made Ethiopia an exception to this general policy passed away along with the demise of the previous regime and the phasing out of Kagnew Station It would strengthen our general arms control policy toward Africa-to 'extend- our - general policy to Ethiopia as well - -- -- - - -- Second a denial of this request would also be consistent with our past policy of not supplying arms to either belligerent party in African civil wars This policy was followed and in the long term has proved to have been a sound one in the cases of conflicts in Nigeria Sudan 'and Chad It would see eminently sensible to apply it to the current civil war in Ethiopia as well Finally blocking additional arms sales to the Ethiopian military government now probably affords the best hope of forcing it to seek a genuine negotiated settlement of the Eritrean question Approving all or part of the current arms request would not increase our leverage in promoting such a settlement We have leverage with the military junta now because of the past dependence of the lEG on·US arms and we should not hesitate to use it Making approval of the sale conditional on a public offer by the junta of some sort of autonomy for-Er rea plus__g ara ees of Eritrean civil rights is also unrealistic Given the pro pect of obtaining more arms the military junta would have little incentive to offer any form of autonomy eOflPIDElU'f'IAfi UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 r--- # -4for Eritrea that has a realistic chance of being accepted by the ELF Any offer made as a condition of obtaining more arms is therefore likely to be merely a cosmetic gesture -- The record of the present and the previous Ethiopian regimes with regard to civil rights is scarcely creditable as shown by the 1970 Keren Massacre the execution of the Sixty last November and the recent military actions against the civilian population of Eritr a Denial of the present request however might encourage the junta to make a genuine effort to seek a negotiated settlement An offer to return to the status quo ante Le F'eideration would be a start but unfortunatelY -gIVen the hatreds engendered by 13 years of warfare the ELF would probably not now accept it A more realistic possibility for a settlement might be a nominally independent Eritrea minus the strategic Assab area which could be incorporated into Wollo Province and defended with 1ess diffioulty than the whole province In summary while there is something to gain from denying ·the junta 1 s request for add i tional military sales 'increasingly deeper US military involvement in the current civil conflict in Ethiopia would not in my opinion provide a sound basis for future US-Ethiopian-EJritrean relations Suggested Distribution AF E - Mr Coote ACDA MEA ET - Mr Finegold PM SAS - Mr Ladd UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 i • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431965 Date 11 13 2017 • • ' • r • - • - - • _ • SE6RET RELEASE IN Departnlent oj'State E X o SlATE PAGE Ul ORI 1f1 I 8788 269 4$ STAff 5S- ' ASSUMED ' VAIICE IIlFO ocr-GI S • X o - - FULL TGO I NG TELEGRAM 69H5 0 1 Iso-on SSO-Ij l 1916 R DRAFTED BY URfeE k I lOESSHER APPROVED BY N SHREAD EUR JEOOOOBV AlSY VSTnARS NlCT KARKASIlI All SfPRS J IRATTlIER SUBS LfEUR J CROOK $ S'O RPERITO E ________ __________ ____ __________________________________ ________________ _________ -1 ··················D341Jl I003 n 163 o ILl0141Z lOV 77 ZFF 4 HI SECSTAIE WASHOC TO AHEHBASSY BOlm IflACT H EDIATE I S $ S RET STATE 269245 1 11 EXOIS • E O 11652 XGDS·3 E X lAGS D I SUBJECT PLAllIItD ATTACKS 011 LUFTHAll5A - S ASEC PillS Gil REF IAI STJl TE 2665Ba lSI SOIlIt 13669 leI FRANKFURT 8499 I ACT'I NG UPOJ THE S£CRETARY'S IIISTRUCT on DEPUTY UlInER SEcRETAA REliC TElEPHOU£O AMBASSAOOR VOII STADEl TH I S EVEHltlG AIID t1Jl DE FOLlOIiING POlins TO KI USG ASSESSES DAIiGER POSED BY TERRORIST ROCKET THRE T TO fliGHTS lOST SERIOUSLY AIID HAS rroll RECEIVED III· • DEPEHDErIT HITELlIGEIiCE fRON TH I RD COUr TRY SOURCE UH I eH REINFORCES THIS ASSESSI1EtIT LATIEil HAS SEE COIlVEYED TO U s Et1BASSY BOIlIl TO BE SHARED IIITH FRG 2 E X D I S • E X D I S _ E X D I S Ill LUFTHA SA 3 AS A RESULT liE HAVE VEL T CO PEllEO TO ADVISE REPEAT ADVISE USG PERSOIIIIU TO RtFRAl1i FRDH USltlG LUFTHAtlS fliGHTS UtITIL IMMEDIATE PDWHIAl DAIIGE rOSED BV STATED THRE TS HAS EA$ED '4 'UIIDER THESE CIRCU STAtlCES IJE FEn utlDER IrICREASIIIGl V HEAVY OeLIGATIOII RECWTlY EI1PHASIZro III GEilERAl HRMS BY COIIGRESS FOR SUCH SITUATIOns TO SE£ THAi ANERICAII TRAVEL' ItlG PUBLIC IS AlEUEO 5 liE RECOGllllE IHE DIffiCULT DIWIIIAS TillS POSES FOR FRG AS fllG HIIOIIS fROM HOST RECEitT IIiCIOEllTS liE PLACE It1PORTAIiCE Oil SOLI DAR I TY Of COORDIIIATE l ACTIOllS S' OUR GOVERIIMEIIT III THESE HATTERS 6 III THE SITUATION AT H IID OrPARiNEHT URGES FRG TO PUT OUT A FIRST PUBLIC ADVISORY ITSElF AS EARLY AS POSSIStE ml 1I0VEt1BER I D• 1 AI1BASSADOR VOII SlADE ASKED 110 SIGIfIFICAIlT QUESTIOns AIID PROIIISED TO 'COIIVEY MESSAGE TO HIS GO'lERllM£NT IHIt£OIATE' l Y 8 sueSEOUEUT TO READfVDII STADEN TElCOI liE RECEIVtD UNCLASSIFIED fAA SECURITY OUllEilli SElil IlITER ALIA TO FRAIIKFURT FAA REPRESEIiTATIVE I ICH DESCRIBES T£RI'IS or MISSILE THREAT BASED 011 JIIFORNATtOIl PRO'IIOED BY G£RMAII EIIBASSY IIASH IIIGTOII AIID LUFiHAIiSA SECUR I TY REPRESENTATI VE BULLETIII ODES riOT HOI EVER PROVIDE FOR PUSllC Allf OUIICE' NEHT UIIDER THESE tIRCUHSfA IC£S LIKEliHOOD OF THIS II FORMAT IOU PECOIlIIIG PUBLIC HIIOIILEDGE VERy 50011 MUSi BE jtBRf UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431965 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446545 Date 12 11 2017 INCOMING ' TELEGRAM ANTO 8416 150-60 o SSO-S6 ' S64 W ---------- -------9789S9 2117SSZ SE 78 FM AMEM6A5SY SANTO DOMINGO TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6135 211i23Z 44 RELEASE IN PARTB6 UNClAS SANTO DOMINGO 5252 DISSENT CHANNEL FOR ASSISTANT SECRETARY VAKY FRCM I__ ____ j 86 AID OR 00 NOT RESTRICT DISTRIBUTION EO 11652 NA SUB NICARAGUA 1 I HEREBY WISH TO REGISTER MY DEEP DISAPPOINTMENT WITH APPARENTLY INEPT HANDLING OF US POL CY TOWAROS EVIDENTLY NATIONWIDE ATTEMTS BY NICARAGUANS OF ALL POLITICAL' PERSUASIONS TO DISLODGE UNPOPULAR EXPLOITATIVE AND REPRESSIVE DICTATOR 'DESPITE MY IGNORANCE OF WHATEVER BEHIND SCENES AND OR DEEPLY CLASSIF IED U S ACTIONS MAY HAVE BEEN TAKING PLACE IN 'FAVOR OF INSURGENTS OUR FAILURE IS EVIDENT THROUGH PUBLICLY KNOWN SITUATION INDICATING GUA RDIA IS GETTING 'CONTROL OF COUNTRY AFTER PERIOD 'OF FRUITLESS BLOODSHED AND DESTRUCTION I CONSIDER HYPOCRITICAL US AND OTHER GOVTS PIOUS CALLS FOR OUOTE TRUCE UNOUOTE AND OUOTE END TO BLOODSHeo UNQUOTE IF SQMOZA INDEED REMAINS IN POWER AND MOREOVER IS ABLE TO WREAK VENGEANCE DN INSURGENTS THEN I CONSIDER PRESIDENT'S HUMAN RIGHTS POLICY A HOLLOW MOCKERY I BELIEVE THAT NICARAGUAN SITUATION REPRESE TEO AND PERHAPS STILL REPRESENTS UNIOUE OPPORTUNITY FOR US TO INTERVENE FOR ONCE ON THE RIGHT REPEAT RIGHT SIDE WHILE RECOGNIZING INTENTIONAL PROPAGANDA EXAGGERATIONS I F EL DEEPLY SHAMED BY OPPORTUNITY FOR MOSCOW ND HAVANA 'ADIO EXFl OITATION OF WHAT TO MANY I ATIN AMERICANS AND OTHER THIRD WORLDERS CAN ONLY A PEAR AS CONTINUED TACIT US SUPPORT FOR SOMOZA AND I WOULD HOPE THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT IN THE NAME OF AMERICAN PEOPLE RECOGNIZES AND PAYS THE APPROPRIATE TRIBUTE TO THOSE COURAGEOUS NICARAGUANS WHO HAve SACRIFICED AND CONTINUE TO SACRIFICE THEMSELVES ON THE ALTAR OF FREEDOM YOST ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446545 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476313 Date 01 11 2018 - r -- ' I ' i 1 ' J • r' j I I J - r'l - L ' I 'I ' I I J 'r' 1 - 0- - -1 i I J I I J I' lYTC HN' J 1 t r A 1 · ' ' j • - - • I ' ' • • ' - J ' C' ' - - - 10-- - - ' _ •• ' '-' _ _ _ -' '- - ' --- - 'I - -- -1-' - ' ' ' I - J ' ' ' 0 - V - 1 I - - • ' ' CeNF IJ ENtIAl I 'IRELEASE IN PART 861' i · - SIP' EO DONNELL AG ' · 04-109 8 EX T 2297 2 s' p·rPWOLFOIIJ·ITZ SIP DFORTIER S P OF GDRAGNICH '-1 _ J -'r '- ROUT1 ·NE ' DUSENT CHANNEL t O 11652 TAGS BONN FO - - - ' YOM SIP WOLFOfllITZ GDS - 4 9 8b WOLFOWITZ PAUL YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE i REFERENCE BONN Ob573 i • 'r- t -- ____ ' i NA SUBJECT - - '1 II CONFIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT I -- ' oe __ _ oooN_ _ i' 2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE· WE ' HAVE DISTRIBUTED COPIES TO THE SECRETARY THE UNDERSECRETARY· L fOR POLITICAL AFfAIRS THE COUNSELOR THE ASSISTANT I SECRETARY FOR NEAR EASTERN AND SOUIH ASIAN AFFAIRS THE F ' EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DEPARTtlENf PRESS SPOKESMAN THE i ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH AND THE i VARIOUS OFFICES IN THE DEPARTMENT WHICH YOU REQUESTED I YOUR MESSAGE WILL BE TRANSMITTED TO THE EMBASSIES REQUESTED' I CHARLES FAIRBANKS POLICY PLANNING STAFF MEMBER fIIILL j COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY YY 'I I I II I I i I I I I t _- -_ _ _ __________ --_____ e N_ _ _ EF_ _ r_ _L_ _ _ _i_ l_l_• l_ -L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476313 Date 01 11 2018 co 641548 g IED I'il ' JI U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415489 Date 10 11 2017 ' ' '''' - ' ' --- - - g • l I ''' •• E RELEASE IN PART P Q Acno I NFO OCT 0 i 'ES 0 i' 86 BE'lRuj ilHe5 1700Hz' i io i ' ' f' f - 1 · B l l etii' MAR '11' '-M A M MaAeeV UR JT· • to • • ••• ···· t'002 'TQ 8 Q'JAT w aMP 5 'INFOAMEMBASeV DAMASCUS %MitEO OFFf iAL USE BE'IRUT HISS aT D 8iiiiiiliiililiiililiiiiiiiliii iiiiiii iiii1iili iiI 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-20' -07743 Doc No C06415489 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416974 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416974 Date 10 11 2017 - ' I Ll XfLiJ FfICIf L i 5 - -- '----- 1 __ _ ------ -- - --- - c L S ' i'lO fROM A ' COt· G ' N ·iELj UR · I I ----- E O 11652 TAGS SUBJECT ---'----- l RELEASE IN PART 86 BEST COPY AVAILABLE l1G 2 N f LO chron FOR DIi EGTO C r' UCy PIJ · J G STt r-F rr · ·l 86 I -------------- '-----_----'lpOl TIC L O 'FJ r LHO J · n 86 i J· - ·· r · n ution r - H ClT tably • o qL _ _ __ -_ -LI I' - _--_ ---- - _-- ----- F ' it tlr· L t CL A i ' n C t i ' - ' 't • ' ' '1 - l j i' ' n '7 ''' it r -- lf6 UNCLASSIFIED U' ' __ _ __ __ __ _ __- - ___ --- -- - - _ - __________ _ _ f i _ _ _ 7 1- -i _t Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416974 Date 10 11 2017 co 641697 4 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416974 Date 10 11 2017 r prepart d 'on r e uy Politic l Cutmselor klggs anct DC P' rci'lal for period 3f'j 76 -' G 15 77 f 0sith'ely rc e s of repri u1 It '1 is ne of Ii O t vindictive' - ishoi1 st and s 1f serving hatcimt jo Js I have ever COilsic r 5e n it to I rea1ize this is serious l chcr e but r fully justified cases of rcpr sals fot' dissent pr1 'lcip 1 purpose of this r essl1se is to request aJvic on n ost cppropriato Cot l'se to 1'0110 ' at this poi t b 'yond r cDplct1ng Purts Il a'nJ VI of OER For eX lmple should I c ntinl c to· t S dissent chllnnel or should I direct c nr nic ti0 5 4 slIbsot Utmt· to srievance bOJrJ foul' 1t b possible to place'copies of reiFJvant r is5ellt channel lr cssag s in Ii ' pm sormcl fi1e L LI ·1 TC · i HTI PL t S · FORM Classijfc iiion '- '--- 4 68 FS·4' 3A co mNUATlON SHEET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416974 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 704 2 IED u s Department on3t t 'Cas' No F-2016 '07743 Doc No c06417ci42 6at 10 11 2017 Departlnent State· TELEGRAM Of STATE PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 038592 0783 ' ' INFO OCT-01 ES-01 150-00 ONY-00 004 R o DRAFTED BY SIP MCASEY SIP APPROVED BY SIP RBF I NN SIP NBOYER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ON Y NVE IOTES ------------------190917 110811 II Z R 190229Z FEB 77 FM SECSTATE WASHOe TO AMEMBA5SY JIDDA LIMITED OFFICIA RELEASE IN PART 86 USE STATE 038592 DISSENT E O -' -i STADIS II CHANNE 11652 N A TAGS PFOR SA SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNE MESSAGE-POLICY ON KIDNAPPING OF DIPLOMATS AND RANSOM REF FOR D JIDDA 1322 - 86 FROM VEL rOTES -SIP THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE THE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT PAPER ON THEDEPARTMENT' 5 POLICIES ON KIDNAPPING AND RANSO MR RICHARD FINN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A 5U8ST ·NTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR PAPER HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY TH EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR FOR THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN FOR THE OPEN AS WELL AS THE DIRECTOR FOR COMBATTING TERRORFORlJM ISM WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSI8LE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED HARTM N LIMITED OFFICIAL Us UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417042 Date 10 11 2017 1 0 EUR NEA FILE DESIGNATION under receipt no V1430SiI Tt6POFFICIAL USE 10 INR Decentralized Flll1s Original to be Filed in CU HANDLING INOiCAYOR L FeO SilL SCI I J_' NO Sy AID r i · TO Department of State E O 11652 N A TAGS A-22 '-------Distribution NO per sIP B Miletich 6 17 76 __ -__ __-r__ INFO DEPT PASS AGR COM FRB INT TR XMB AIR ARMY NAVY OSo USIA NSA CIA OOT STR HEW FROM AmEmbassy TEGUCIGALPA SUBJECT Dissent Message REF March 29 1976 DATE DISSENr CHANNEL r This airgram transmits a dissenting view submitted by Economics Officer American Embassy Tegucigalpa l Honduras l I __ __ __ I SUGG ESTED DISTRI BUTION 86 2 SUMMARY In the world conflict of economic systems we are competing with less than full effo t less than full effect An unnecessarily weak link exists between U S economic philosophy and the U S program in some less developed countries This contention is first presented in general then in the micro-context of AID support of particular elements of Hondu an agrarian reform A specific solu- tion is proposed and necessary criteria for the solution are defined briefly with a suggestion towards sharper delineation Broader applicability to other elements of the Foreign Service is mentioned Recommendations restate the discussion END SUMMARY - AMB DCM ECOM JOO§ CHRON pij SANCHEZ Enclosure C- -c c - n-n z1 - o e A' LIMITED OFFICIAL FORM 3-7Q cOM 1 Clearances US DS ·323 IDraJling Dale gs -I 3-29-76 IlPhone No 243 I IICOnlan S I gild W N w -0 'f 7 r ' ' 1 --I f'l' c r - c· E r - U 7' -- I AI DCMj ' 1 - ----- ---- --- - - --- ----------- -- ------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 86 _ - __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2 016-07743 D'oc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE The Problem in General Context The caSe can be'overstated at its extremes but clear Ly a global conflict exists between the economic system utilized by the united and States and that of the Soviet Union No less than in arms but in a far more subtle struggle 'conflict is expressed between western eco omic thought and Ma ism co­ nomic ideology with competitive and sometimes mortal intent This condition is less apparent in some arenas such as the U S and the de eloped world than in the southern tier In less developed countries decisions between western and communist economic forms are made daily in the new laws programs and administrative and personnel selection It is in the underdeveloped country capital such as Tegucigalpa not in committed Washington or Moscow where these choices weigh on the side of Weste'rn or communist economic philosophy The choices· are not solely or even wholly economic given the supportable contention that in both the East and West economic philosophy fits closely to political philosophy Expropriation of private property has a political economic connotation first in the ownership of the means of production but equally in he political rights of the individual ' In Secretary of State Kissinger's statement before the Senate Committee on Finance on January 30 1976 he touched broadly on u S responsibilities in a world changing economically Then he stated Our economies institutions and daily lives are vulnerable to the economic policies of others Further in his statement he cited five initiatives of U S economic policy in the underdeveloped world and stated that In each of these areas we offered concrete solutioU s to developing count y problems that are consistent with our' own economic philosophy and our own economic interest II This is inSUfficient I contend that our economic philosophy and interest need more specific identification and application Although equally involved are the economic political and US IS sections of our' embassies the most obvious expression of U S economic policy in a number of LDCs is the U S AID effort Problem I AID Support of Agrarian Reform in Honduras am among those who believe that despite shortcomings the assistance program since World War II is the highest U s LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ---_ _ ---- - ' -- - -- ' _---- ---- ' --- - _ ' - - _ _ - - - -' - - • - - - - ' -- - _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F QJ6-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 expression of the humanitarian cooperative p oductive will of the United States My intent here is not to criticise the admirab e efforts of my Government in providing assistance through AID nor is it the purpose or proper use of this paper to impugn the capacity or dedication of any AID employees Examples are chosen with no malice intended but rather are drawn to impart substance Yet I feel strongly that the terms of reference which guide AID programs should be reviewed to give due attention to elements of U s economic philosophy Specifically I must dissent with the present AID role its support of portions of he Honduran agrarian reform law The law is not all bad In fact major portions are hardly controversial in the Honduran conditions But I aver tha t the law utilizes state ownership and control of much farm land a significant portion of which will be expropriated from private hqlders in order to create conditions of collectivization or state farms or asentarnientos or'''empresas asociativas or other bureaucratically more convenient designations in which the rights of the individual farmer campesino who is adjudicated state controlled and expropriated lands will no receive or enjoy the economic or political benefits or motivations of private ownership Under the law the campesino participant becomes a ward of the state to function collect'ively in conformance' with the state's directives By failure to comply'the campesino loses most of his rights and claims to the land The campesino does not become at any point in the future an unconditional private owner of the land he works Relevant sections of the law are articles 82 83 and '93 Annex While decreasing the acreage of private holdings through expropriation the law does not increa se the number of private holders To the contrary it authorizes the taking of even small holdings less than five hectares As the law is enforced both the acreage and the absolute number of private farmers will be reduced The acreage and control is taken by the state There are related present law to be Honduras but the effect on private ownership and other grounds on which I believe the inimical to the economic development of salient point here is its debilitating ownership vis-a vis ascendency of state LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ------ -7 -----· --- - --- ------- - - __ _ __ O- • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc Q96 1_ te _11 13 20F _ --- _-- - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 3 In the current parlance AID has a Congressional Mandate to assist the rural poor I believe that AID should have an equally valid Congressional Mandate to support the development of a modern private sector in th e LDC In the Honduran case foster the successful development of' a private farm sector for theC sino as opposed to a state system A Proposal Towards Solution In view of the above I propose that Our foreign economic assistance programs be screened through additional and formal judgmental criteria based upon U S political-economic philosophy This proposal is clarify e sily misstated or misinterpreted To a · It is·not a proposal of reward and punishment to impose the totality Of Western or U S economic political or cultural values upon recip ents of aid Apart from impracticability because such imposition would require a magnitude of resources beyond probability imposition would be the denial of the very values we support But we sho ld support those values not their antithesis b It can be argued that this proposal would make of AID a political weapon To an extent this is true Historically there have been periods when the U S withdrew diplomatic recognition and economic assistance because a recipient government did not meet criteria 'of being democratic Such withdrawals did not alter the lack of democracy and the automatic political gambit on our part was correctly modified or abandoned in most cases Nonetheless our assistance should avoid support of totalitarianism from the left or the right It should actively assure support for democratic and individual values By its nature some assistance may be politica ly neutral f6r example construction of an accesS road to an agricultural area However it is difficult to see as politically neutral any assistance directed into elements of an agrarian reform program which are intrinsically statist in structure however well-phrased the overall reform objectives may be The pr posal suggests judgmental selectivity not dogma c The proposal can be viewed as more political than economic Perhaps this is essentially true since a common current LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 4 of economic thought in the U S conceives of economic theory as providing a slate of alternative options of policy which are then subject to a political decision process such as legislative or executive policy or vote Thereby questions of the incidence of a tax or income distribution can be examined within the context of economic analysis but the decision· to have progressive tax-· ation or negative income tax is political In this sense then the proposal suggests the application of a political consideration as to the most beneficial economic philosophy serving u s national interest d Against the proposal it might be argued that the substance is already part of the AID decision-making process that any particular set of AID decision-makers will already have the suggested criteria in mind Yet what is in mind is subject to the hazards of the experience of the particular individuals Also there is an innate complexity to some projects which veils the programs of assistaQce from anyone not intimately concerned For lack of specific criteria before the officers at all levels the actual implementation of a project could easily be in violation of those criteria In agiven AID project any proposed changes based upon considerations of U S economic philosophy can be arbitrarily ignored or irrationally responded to The only solution to these various weaknesses and problems is to have specific formal judgmental criteria included in the evaluation of any particular project Economic Ideology Criteria Necessary for Solution To formulate such criteria what are the objectives and the 'relevant elements 9f U S economic philosophy to be applied The generality of response is not difficult we seek an effective productive system which is based upon individual freedom I private property market determination of relative values government participation to foster development and prevent abuses ahd social responsibility exercised by all sectors relative to the human factors of production and society However such a statement needs great precision and wide acceptance - LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - -- 0 -- -- _ - - r· ' 7 ' - • - - -- • - - ---- ' - '- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart ment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 5 Suggested Means for Sharper Delineation To make this meaningful in a foreign policy context would require careful study Our economic philosgphy is not siniple nor static Who would draft an expansion of the Sec'retaryt S speech to define our eponomic philosophy and our own economic interests But it is suggested that such a policy guide 90u1d be prepared in conference with qualified academic business and administrative officials to the end of g eralizing the criteria which are or should be the present substance of U S political-economic foreign policy content Broader Applicability he economic phi osophy criteria should reach out more broadly Are there not countries in which Embassy not just AID but economic section political section and USIS activities could include responsibility towards the development of a modern private sector Some thoughts Less devel oped country II connotes not only problems of rural and urban poor education nutri ionT population control et cetera LDC also implie s institutional problems within the economic structure The private sector may be antediluvian feudal pre-industrial or robber-baron or other things but none will be modern nor usually or necessarily socially responsible ' This returns to the initial point of departure for this paper the economic ideological conflict If the Honduran Government must choose between regulating say the private lumber industry or nationalizing it into'a state corporation will there be a regulateabl private sector Can the sector factually and convincingly show that it is institutionally involving a responsiveness to social needs Are there even lines of communication open between the private sector and the government ' In the Honduran case the answer was negative to these 'questions as revealed by the nationalization action t e by the government Differentially among the LDCs for each is different are we supporting development and fostering natural instutional and individual allies for our economic philosophy I believe the answer- is in doubt for lack of the same criteria of guidance Orientation and guidance on economic ideology is no less ' important for political economic and information officers than it is for officials of AID LIMITED OFFICIAL USE --'--- - - - --- -- -'---'-- ---' - '1'-- - -- - --- ' • ----- -- -- o -r _ _- - ---- ---- --- - - - ' ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 04 _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 6 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Recommendations Our foreign eco omic assi tance should be scre ned through additional and formal judgmental criteria based upon U S political-economic philosophy criteria to this end should be deve oped through consultation and conferences with qualified a adern c pusiness and administrative officials so as to def ne with'dynamic content our economic philosophy and our economic interests These criteria should be applied broadly as a substantive element of U S political-economic foreign policy LIMITED OFFIC USE ' - -- - -- - - UNCLASSIFIED LLS Department of State Case No F-2'016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U· S bepartmemt of State' Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Annex Agrarian Refor Law Decree-Law 170 8 January 1975 Informal Translation Article 82 Ita Obligations of the Adjudicated To personally work the land cUltivate it or exploit it every year without interruption and in an efficient manner b Obey the dispostions of the regulations issued under this law that control the sale taxing and· transfer of the parcel or the rights of the land adjudicated c Contribute personally and economically to the labors and services of the common nterest d Pay on time the notes of amortization of value of the parcel or of the unit adjudicated and comply with the obligations that are contracted with the institutions of technical and credit assistance e ·Belong to a cooperative or empresa associativa if necessary under the plans and program established by' the National Agrarian Institute f Obey the directives of technical or administrative character that are issued by the National Agrarian Institute g Comply with legal norms for the conservation of natural resources Article 83 The l -0n-compliance with any of the obligati ons of thepe rviou$ articl will be sufficient cause for the National Agrarian Institute to declare without value or effect the adjudication made If the National Agrarian Institute should order the disoccupation of the parcel the adjudicated will have the right·to receive payments' he had made and the value of improvements fie may have effected after deduction of pending credits If the action referred to in paragraph one is taken for amortization payment on the parcel a lapse of 30 days will be permitted the beneficiary to make the respective payment 1t LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - - - - -- - --- ---co---- - - - • - - ' -_- - - •• · - - - - - - • • c- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 - --- - - - - -- - - - - -- - --- - - - - -- - ---------­ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 Annex LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Page 2 Article '93 The adjudicated persons will receive a provisional title to accredit their position which will De exchanged when deemed suitable for a definitive title of property In those definitive titles th shall be incorporated the obligations estab'lished in Article 82 although ey may not be expre ssly mentioned Provisional titles can be used as a guarantee wi h State financial insti 1 1tions -L MITED OFFICIAL USE - - - r • -- - ' -' ' ''r - - -----• if _ 1 I - - - -- - ' •• •• • - 'r ---- --- - UNCLASSIFIED lL§· Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0643-151'3 Date 11 13 2017 ' I ' I' ' tr u DEPARTMENT OF STATE Wasllinelan O C 20$'ZO RELEASE IN PART 86 '---------' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE DISSENT CHANNEL 86 Bureau of Po itico-Mi1itary Affairs Department of State RoO 7317 Washington D C 20520 Dear LJ 86 Usually in responding to Dissent Channel'messages I give the dissenter a fairly detailed rundown on the issues involved and'how current policy is moving In the present case I think I should look to you for that sort of a briefing I understand that Tom Thornton kept in close touch with you in getting your views to the Secretary and as you know they continue·to be live issues in our discussions with Mr Sisco and the Secretary I appreciate you sending your views on' ·this matter They came at just the proper 'time and I hope 'you agree that they'received full attention I am not sure how the entire matter will come out but you have contributed in an important way to ensuring that the matter was fully aired Sincerely Winstqn Lord Director Policy Planning Staff Drafted s p ' ton vb Clearance x2l744 3 3 76 S P OFP LIMITED OFFICIAL' USE DISSENT CHANNEL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431513 Date 11 13 2017 ---------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476885 Date 01 11 2018 rt l f ' AC TION INCOMING TELEGRAM --- - lOP Y 9298 05121 'IGOlllZ r IN PART 86 THi ADDliIO 1 TO THt IHTEGf 1TY THAT HnVE eWI IKYIIIG 10 BUILD IIiTO OVR VISA ISSUIiIG PROC SS AT THIS JUIICTURE E SHOU O EHPHAsm fRAT HAYING S410 All IX IS THERE IS 110 IIIT£UT TO QOIllIGRADE THE fSII CARetR TRACK THERE IS ROOII fOR BOTH PROG AIIS AIIO iii OUR VIEII THE AfH PROGRAn If IHTEL UG£II11 Y DIIIIIISlERtO CAli Bt OF GREAT ASSI TAIICE TO THE O£PARTIIWTS UGHT AGP IIIST IIASTE fRAUO MID rtISHAIiAGEHEIiT E ES'O 1904 II ·················-203120 160lm J DS'SO 138 R 1601161 II Y S' fit AnEIIBASSY SEOUL TO SECSlAfE t HDt W2 Ullel AS SEOUL OS 127 6 YE STROIIGl Y REConnEIIO THAI THE OEPARTHiIIl PROYIOE fOR THE 'SHARIIiG OF AfMfSII POSITIOIIS IIAlKER DIS5£IIT CHAllml E O 123$6 I A' lAGS APER SUBJECT fAIIIl Y WP10YHEIIl AT PO T 'H EO AfM POSITIOnS 86 I rOllOl lUG IIEf-SAaE liAS DRAfTED BY L--_ _ _ _---' ' 2 fOR SEVrp l YEARS THE OEPARIII lIT HAS EXPRESSED AS POL ICY r f IIIG EII YHEIIT AVAILASH H THE OEfEIIOEIITS Of FOREI n SE VICE PERSOimEL· THIS COHnWDABLE OijJECTIVE HAS R£SUUEO 1 1 E TAeIISH IIG AII 1ICA FAnIIY HEMB R lAf ' POSlTlOilS A HAllY POSTS A6 CAO AS Ell A THE CREATIOilOF PIT PO ''' lOllS iO BE ll O BY DEPWOEIITS EFFORTS HAVE EVtII aWl HA E 10 HAElISH A CARErR OF SO IS fOR OEPWOEIITS EIIABllllG i EM TO ACQUIRE SXlllS IN liASHIHGTOII OR BROA ArID HAVE Son p E sonABlE EXPECUTI 011 THAT THEY CAli 6E ur III ZEO AT FUTURE POSTS DE EIIOElIT SPOUtES ARE E 'EII AllOIIEO TO EUr Oll III COURSES SUCH AS FSI' S conSULAR CO RSE TO IJ1P OVE THE iR VALUE TO THE fOREIGl1 SERVICE THE GOAL Mm R SUlI Of All THIS ATTEIITlOri TO THE EIIPLo'mEIiT PI OSPECrs Of SPOUSES HAS BEEH l ll TAP A POTEIlr LL Y VAlum E PEltollUEl RES'OURCE ' IIlE REOVC rHG OilE Of TRE BA R IERS 10 AIIY All Off teER' S ACCEPT' IIIG All ASSIGIIIIEIIT ABROAD _ THE UlIlIKlIHDOO THAT HIS SPOUSE 'CAII f IUD nEAllIlIGFUL EnPlOYMEIII 3 AN AIiOnAlY ill THIS PROGRAM IS THAT IT DOES 1I0T AODRESS THE DESIRE Of H IIY SPOUSES TO AC tPT PARHln En LOYMEIII AS ArMS IIHllE SOKE POSITlCllS AilE IIDT AnEIIPBIE TO BEIIIG SHARfO OlHERS AIiE IlitlUOIliG AT LEASI OilE III THIS DRAFT' lUG OffICER'S SECiIOI liE HAVE WI IlIFORnEO THAT liE CAIIIIor HIRE TIIO OEPEIWE ITS fOR O E AlH fSIl POSITlOII AllOlllfiG EACH TO 1I0RK 20 HOU A VEER A REVIEII or THIS OEc SIOII IIHleH lit CAlllioT FIIIO HOOOIEO III AllY OF THE P EliSOIlUEl REGULATIOIIS IS REQUESTED • •• A lUMBER Of iHE IIm5 AT THIS POST ESPEC ALLY THOSE IIITH CHIIOREH OU SIO IIITER SIS OR REPRESEIITAIIOIIAL RESPO l IBILITlr ARE nOT II TEREHEO IH FUll TinE nPLOY Elll 8uT IIOULO VClconE lHE CHAII E 10 60TH AI lilA III THEIR JOB SKlll 1I0 t RII AGDITljllAl lIICOII£ 6Y YORKIIIG PARTTlnE 1 1 H rn ASSY AfM POSJTI II IIHILE PERMITTIIIG SUCH EMPLOYMEIIT OULO IITAll AOD TIO ql ACCOUIIIIIIG AIIO PERSOII IEI IIORI lIIAT O S IICl AP'£AR TO' BE All IHSURMOUIIT· ABLE PROBLEM THE ADV I UGES iO THE IS lOIl 1I0VlD APPEAR TO OUIIIEIGH IIY DISAOV IITAGES T EY IIiClUDE A IMPROI'EO fAIII lY MORPLE B THE PCTnl71Al FOR AllOWIVG HORE SP OUSES TO PARTlClpoH ' I TH AFH FPOGlD T U REDUCIIIG sanE or THE RIVI' lr I£ IID fR tTl jll' ' III tH HAVE DEVElOPfO 4T POSTS OVEH THE SELECTlOII Of nOPlE TO Fill AFn JOS C THE POHll I AL iOR II1CPEQ1EO OUT IIIUI TY all TH JOB AS T £ ArHS COULO V CATIOII CT OIHEREilT TIMES AIIO EACH H LT OF THE Jet COJIO BE FILL'EO AT A OIFFERENT ilNE S 1I0r THE E sr COl1510ERATlOII AI TKIS t PO T'S COII Ul R UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476885 Date 01 11 2018 co 6416 91 7 iED·-0 S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 L - 1 Doc No C064169 17 Date 10 11 201 - • DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlni on c 20520 'July 8 1977 I --------------'I Labor Affairs 86 86 Bureau of International Organization Affairs Room 5328 New State Department of State Washington D C • Dear I L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---- This is a reply to your dissent message of June 13 '1977 Your dissent 'was directed toward the assessment contained in th State pepart ent telegram 13540 which described the final text of Director General Blanchard's letter as a success As you are aware since November 1975 the US policy towards the International Labor Organization has had the explicit goal of reforming the ILO's practices and procedures One of the specific points of reform the US sought was an end to the practice of condemning a state for political reasons extraneous to the proper purpose of the organization Likewise we sought assurances that procedures amounting to due process would be employed to ensure that condemnati'ons would be made only after the ILO had examined allegations with its own -investigative machinery The stated motive for our reform effort was the conviction that the ILO was no longer serving well the values it had been established to promote The change in our policy was precipitated by the fact that the organiza -'t -ion had condemned Israel's labor practices without complying with its own established procedures US strategy in pursuit of'these goals called for us 'to stake out a forward position on several issues and to seek progress independently on all We gave no indication of exactly how much or what kind of progress would be needed for U9 to stay in the ILO but the unstated assumption was that we would not'retreat from' our forward positions UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of §'tate Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416917 Date 10 11 2017 86 C0641691 TIED U S Department of State CaseNo F-2016-07743 DocNo C06416917 Date 10 11 2017 - -2- The Blan'chard letter that you cite was an attempt to moderate the issue' of a 1974 resolution tha condemned Israel's pra9tices without the normal prior investigation We had sought to bury this issue some Arab states were equally determined to keep it alive The Department's assessment of Blanchard's letter was that an adequate compromise h d been reached that would at least keep the Arab-Israeli issue from affecting our other efforts for reform • You dissent from the Department's assessment of this letter as a success and it may be that that assessment was premature The le tter was subsequently rej ected by the Arabs and' our refo'rm efforts fell short Nevertheless it is difficult to judge whether this outcome occurred because we were too moderate in our tactics or not moderate enough You ay be right that objections to the letter should have been voiced when it was read out in the Committee However the session had achieved the'results we wanted our moderation might have been cited as crucial t·o the success That this did not occur we think is not sufficient evidence to prove that the compromise contributed to our larger defeat If Post-mortems 6n our strategy are of course necessary and useful and we appreciate your offering your 'views thro gh the Dissent Channel Sincerely ·M · Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416917 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431966 Date 11 13 2017 ---- -------• -- ----------------------------------_________________________________J SECRET INCOMING Departnl ent of State PAGE 31 ACTION INFO o Oc'T'-'01 BONN 18742 TELEGRAM 10'10'57Z 150-0'0 10'1051Z NOV 77 550-03 326 W ------------------041361 ZFF 4 9846 lfiH1IIZ IRELEASE IN FULLI 16 FM AMEMBASSY BONN TO SECSTATE WASHOC NIACT IMMEDIATE 30'12 5 E C R BONN l8742 EXDI5 E O 1165 2 XGOS-3 TAGS ASEC PINS GW SUBJECT PLANNE O ATTACKS ON LUFTHANSA REF STATE 269245 1 WE ASSUME THAT WE WILL ERY LIKELY BE RECEIVING MEDIA INOUIRIES ON USG POLICY AS REGARDS TRAVEL BY AMERICANS tOFFICIAL USG PERSONNEL AND PRIVATE CITIZENS I N THE NEAR FUTURE l F WE ARE SO APPROACHED ONL y REPEAT ONL Y ON AN IF ASKED BASIS PENOING FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS FROM OEP ARTMENT WE PLAN TO CONFINE OURSELVES TO A BRIEF STATEMENT BASED ON REF TEL PARA 3 AND REFER INQUIRERS FOR FURTHER INFORMATION O THE DEPARTMENT 2 PLEASE ADVISE ASAP DEPARTMENT' 5 INTENTIONS WITH REGARD TO I SUING A PUBLIC STATEMENT AND DEALING WITH MEDIA OUERIES IN THIS CONNECTION FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF OUR RELATIONS WITH THE FRG 'W URGE THAT THE DEPARTMENT MAKE THE POINT THAT WE ARE NOT IN ANY SENSE SINGLING OUT LUFTHANSA FOR SPECIAL TREAT ENT THAT IS TO SAY WE WOULD 'REACT IN SIMILAR CIRCUMSTANCES IN THE SAME AS IO TO A TERRORIST THREAT POSED TO ANY OTHER AIRLINE INCLUDING US AIRLINES 3 THE FOREIGN OFFICe HAS NOW ADVISEb uS THAT FOREIGN MIN STER GENSCHER WlSHES TO SEE THE AMBASSADOR ON THE LUFTHANSA MATTER ON AN URGENT BASIS AND AN APPOINTMENT HAS BEEN SET UP FOR NOON LOCAL TIME STOESSEL I I I • I I • SECRET I g 1I0T m DE RtPfloDUCED III THour THE I UTHORltr Tl0N f THE EXECUTIVE SECRetARY •• UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431966 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445931 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 Nov ll 1976 I or 1 86 to SIP Winston r----' t --------' From Io LAS- '---_ _ _ _ _---' Dissent from the D pt's Policy of Having NED report privileged information to SY Subjec The Medical Division has set of operating procedures for MED hich are in-house and not published in the FA t or iny other place accessible to ·employees One of these SOP's r fers to the Exective Order on security clearances for government employees and states that all doctors examining State Dept employees will be on th lookout for information pertaining to the Executive Order and will report any such information to SY This SOP is a gross breach of medica ethics requiring information given by a patient to a'do tor to be held in confidence mployees being examined in MED should be free to discuss any health problem without fear that this will be passed to SY If employees w re aware of the SOP they would presumably cease to reveal information to MED and while this would prevent fED repor ting to SY it might endanger the employee's health since the doctor's exa l nation and diagnosis might be made on incomplete in ormati n • I ask that MED be instructed by the DG to cease reporting to SY'and that SY be instructed to refuse to Tecei ve any information fro m NED If the Dept declines to make this change t en I request th t a large sign be posted in the NED waiiing room and in all consulting rooms statin that MED reports to SY · Pa tients being examined oversea should also be informed of this Perhap the best'way would be to have each employee si n a statement at the beginning of a medical exam ' 1 j r stating he is aware that MED reports to SY - - - -- t ' -o rJJ J 1 j ji' - - - --- ' - -- -- - - --_ - - -- -' - -' I ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445931 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446546 Date 12 11 2017 Ii OUTGO I NG TELEGRAM LIMITED OFFICIAL· USE Depa tnlent f Stat PAG STATE 'I ' 2 561 825' ORIGIN SP m2 INFO OCT-OI ES OI ISO- '9 1 ''''4 R RELEASE IN PART DRAFTED BX SIP RJNEITZKE BMH APPROVED By'S P ALAKE S P-OF GFOX SIP RFEINSERG ARA NSOUTON HA HR CBSALMON 'JR DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONL Y - 86 ------------------'1 'QJ 89 271413Z 46 R 26l742Z SEP 78 FM SECSTATE WASt-IOC TO AMEMSASSY SANTO DOMINGO LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 244561 DISSENT CHANNEL -- FOR E O LI__________ I FROM SIP-LAKE ' 11652 NIA -'- TAGS N i 86 I SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MES SAGE ON 'NICARAGUA REF SANTO DOMINGO 5252 1 FIRST 1 WISH TO COMMEND YOUR USE' OF THE D ISSEN r CHANNEL rN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL PROCEDURES YOUR MESSAGe HAS seEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POL ITICAL AFFAIRS THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM THE AssrSTANT SECRETARY OF THE BUREAU OF INTERAMERICAN AFFAIRS THE ASSISTANT SECRE ARY OF'THE BUREAU OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS AND T E ADMINISTRATOR OF THE AGE CY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT I CAN ASSURE YOU THAT YOUR VIEWS WILL BE GIVEN PROPER CONSIDERATION IN OUR CONTINUING EFFORTS TO DEAL WITH THE CO PLEX AND FAST CHANGING SITUATION IN NICARAGUA CHRISTOPHER I - - -- i ' II MITE 0 0FFI CI Al ·U s'E UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446546 Date 12 11 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476317 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN ALPART 86 CONF I BENT I l cp'trrtl1l en l Stcite r BOliN 1 101 8814 mGSII INFO OCT'OI AOS'O £S'OI ···--·-····-······O IOGO TELEGRAM BOHII mOl - 1416Sll IHE REASOII$ 1IKY iN IHSStllT CHAIIIIEL liAS III IH FIRST PlACE 1004 11 INCOMING E IABlISHEO 11181H 151 1 PROIIYI SUSnAIITIVE RESPOIlSE TO REffEl A IS REQUES EO YORK P I 4164 l AUG 81 f AIltHDASSY 60NII TO SECSTATE VASllot PRIORI IY 9348 e D II F I 9 II T I I L 901111 15 01 OISSEnT CHAIiNEl fOR SIP lOlFOIlITZ E O 120 5 GaS OS'U'87 IYORK CHARLES II OR' lAGS IONEI SUBJECT U S OlSlllrORNATlOH POLICY 011 SOUTH l BAIIOII EF tAl 60nll 6513 DTG 311UH AB 81 lSI STAlE 96526 OTG 15I81l APR SI I COIlFIOEHTIAl EllTlRE HU' 1 2 lHIS IS A OISSEIIT HAIIII l HESSAGE UNDER THE PROVISIOIIS Of II fAn 14l J IIRITllH sYI I I I RECon l1110ED OISTRIBUIIOIl III ADDITiOn 10 AUlonAIiC OISIRIOUTlOIl or OIS5 1l CHANIlEl E SAGE AS PROVIDED 8Y S fAn n lC I AS rOllOIf PA rOR Drp RIII£II PRESS srOKEsn III ilEA NEA ABII IIr AIIAI IIEA EGY IIEA ARP 10 UIIP IIIR IIiR RIIA EflSASSIE r l In VIV 'OEIRUT OAIIASCUS rJ 1 IRO AIID USUII B6 1 ' I IITIAl OISSEHI CHAUlln IIESSAGE REf Al liAS TRAII nITUO 1 AKCII 1101I'SUOSTAIIlIVE IlIIERln RESPOIISE FROII OEPAHlIIE T IKrr BI VAS T AIIS ItIED IS APR l OVER rOUR nOlll ' HM HOV LAP EO VIlHOUI SUBSI IIII VE RESPOII E - •• THr RECOIIl1EUOAIIOII 9r IHE ORIGlIlAl OI SE I tHAllnEl rS A lA 1 PlE 1HE _u OUGHr 0 BE CAIiOIO HI IT OEAIIIIG Villi 1 PRESS BOUI EvOlTS III SOlllH lUnliOIl nUC HA HAPPEIIED COIIC RlIlIIG O l LE6AHOII III IH IIIIERVEIIIIIG PER OU USG POll tY 011 -TilE ISRAElI'ARAD D PUIE MY Br III A OElICAI PHASE 'AND IIAY BC EVOlVING IKE BASIC PROPOSIfIOIl or THE OISSEIII ESSAGE HO ll VER IS 1101 AfFECIEO IlfAIEVER THe OIRECIIOII Of OUR POLICY IT CAll OIIL Y BE HElP O 8Y HOIIESI PUBLIC IlIfORHAlIOtl AS A fORnER CHAIRMAN Of IHE OPEn fORun RESPOII ilBLE FOR nOllllORlliG IHE OI IIT CHAlilln All CONVINCED THAI II ff CIIVElIlSS S UTlERl Y OEfEHDEH' 011 IIIE 1III£lI E Of OEPARlnEIII RESPOII S 10 OI l lIr nE' A E7 IHE OI JI1 CIIAIJIIU IS PRECISH Y DE lIGllfD 10 DEAL lIIH rA I·nDV II AIID KOT I SU A nOIlIK PA ' IIIIOU R POII C AN UE EVOLVE nllU IHE llIN 01' BOIK IHI OI II1 AHO Of THE OEPARIII I'S ' PO l lEnD 10 EVAPORAIE 6 IlERE OEIAY TO StconE IHE PAT JERn fOR DEPARtnENT R pDII fS 10 DIS Wl IHE DI il • CHAIIIIEl A All IH IIlUl On YOUlD BE HftClIVH Y OE IRO'tEO IHI OULO O fAR 10llARDS U TROYII IKE PRIIICIPlt or CREA lV MID OISCIPllIIED DI lmll IN THE OLPARlnE 1 or SIAIE A A 1I110tE IHIS COULD III TURN HAD 10 PR08LE I 1111 COllfIOElIIIAIIlr' AIIO SERVICE OIS PII E AIID OtltY OEtISIOIl- AKERS sanE or THE BEST Xl' RTI S AVAI1ABI E 10 THEn - CBNF' BEtH IAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476317 Date 01 11 2018 I co 641549 2 IED u s Department of StatelIUnl Case No F-2016-07743 I ULI1I I tiL Doc No C06415492 Date 10 11 2017 OUTGOING TELEGR My1 Depart71zent of Stc te PIIGE 01 ORIGIN INFO OCT-iii 1 STATE 074560 150-0'0 aNy-eO 0218 0'03 R RELEASE IN PART DRAFTEO BY SIP GSAUSTIN va APPROVED BY SIP WALAKE SIP-OF NASDYER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION - -_ SIP ONLY -- 86 ------------------0'42114 0 57113 70 R 042041Z APR 77 M SEC5TATE WASH C TO AMEMSASSY SUD PE5T CON F l O E N T I A L STATE 07456' 1 - STADIS I I ' II I I II I I DlSSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 SHUM SUBJ E CT RfOF FOR FROM LAKE GOS XX DISSENT CHANNEL ME SSAGE HUMAN RlGHTS ADVOCACY BUDAPEST 0' 137 1 THANK YOU VEBY MUCH FOR A THOUGHT PROVOKI NG AND USEFUL DISSENT MESSAGE ON HUMAN RIGHTS YOuR THINKING ON A WIDE V RI ETY OF POINT IS MUCH L IKE OUR OWN 2 · wE Ai'll WORKlf G ALONG A NUMBER OF LINES YC U SUGGESiEO THE SECRETARY IS CONSIDERING MAKING A SPEECH DEVOTED TO HUMAN RIGHTS HI IT HE MAY RAISE AND DISCU S A NUMBER OF THE ISSUES YOU RAISED SUCH AS THE TOOLS AVAILABLE·TO US AND THE PRACTICAL POSSIBILITIES FOR PROMOTING RI HTS THESE ISSUES ARE ALSO BEING STUDIED INTENSIVELY WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT AND THE RESULTING POL CY PAPERS S OULD REACH THE FIELD' SOON 3 YOU IMPLICITLY RAISED THE ISSUE OF THE RE LATIONSHIP OF POLITICAL RIGHTS TO MORE CLEARLY ECONOMIC RIGHTS WE ARE LOOKING AT THIS BECAUSE OF THE ATTENTION GIVLN IT BOTH IN THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAI RIGHTS AND BECAUSE OF l'rs IMPORTANCe IN THE NORTH-S lUTH CONTEXT AND IN THE RATIONALE FOR OUR POLICY IN BILATERAL AID AND IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS TO SETTING LIMITS ON US HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY THE PRESIDENT DID THIS WHEN HE SAID IN HIS MESSAGE TO PEOPLE OF OTHER NATIONS THAT WE WILL NOT SEEK TO DOMINATE rlOR DICTATE TO OTHERS WE ALSO INTEND TO MAINTAIN A BALANCE OF PUBLIC ACTION AND CUIET DIPLOMACY FINALLY YOUR POINT THAT THE GOVERNMENT l'dtJST HAVE A DIALOGUE WITH THE AMERICAN PUBLIC ON RIGHTS ISSUES ·IS WELL TAKEN SHOULD THE SECRETARY FINAL Y DECIDE TO GIVE A HUMAN RIGHTS SPEECH WE EXPECT IT WILL RECEIVE WIDE ATTENTION AND CONTRI UTE POSITIVELY TO THE QUALITY AND EXTENT OF OUR OIALOGUe' WITH THE PUBLIC AND CONGRESS WHICH HAS INCREASED AND IMPROVED MARKEDLY DURING THE PAST TWO MONTHS 4 5 AGAIN THANK YOU FOR YOUR THOUGHTFUL AND EFFECTIVE USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL ON THIS IMPORTANT SUaJECT VANCE CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415492 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 641 7 05 I IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417051 Date 10 11 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE RELEASE IN PART 86 SIP MACASEY 2 18 77 S P NVELIOTES ·-S P RBFDJN --_···S p NBOYER SIP ONLY JIDDA ROUTINE STADISI DISSENT CHANNEL ·E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR SA SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE-POLICY ON KIDNAPPING OF DIPLOMATS AND RANSOM REF JIDDA 1322 86 FORL I_---' FROM VELIOTES -SIP THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE THE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT PAPER ON THE· DEPARTME NT'S POlICIES ON KIDNAPPING AND RANSOM MR ' RICHARD FINN OF THE POLIC Y PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE Of A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTioN FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR PAPER HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR FOR'T IC - __ POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN FOR THE OPEN··--· fORUM AS WELL AS THE DIRECTOR fOR COMBATTING TERRORISM ··WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUB- - MITTED YY L ------- --------- --- LIMI·TED OFFICIAL US E J _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417051 Date 10 11 2017 • ------ -- --------- CO 641698TIED --- --- - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - U_S Department of State Case No_ F-2016-07743 Doc No_ C06416983 Date 10 11 2017 it C· y ll lt V 'It - U l' l f VJ J U · u t Ie ' 1-• • b 'JI' ' T b -' '0 ' 1 o c f - 40 1' i21 RELEASE IN PART B6 BEST COPY AVAILABLE IpORTIONS ILLEGIBLEI •• • # 1 '- E • u- ' •• - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0 '13 Doc No C06416983 Date 10 11 2017 86 86 ---- ---- -- -- ------ ---------------- • r 1 • l - i ' l - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc_f Jo C06416983 Date 10 11 2017 - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart ment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431517 Date 11 13 2017 • -- II - - ' U U U U U UTIll OUTGOING TEL·EGRAM - OPTI NAL E OI M 1B5 6DrrfiellV D 322' OCRI ei t of Stale • OCRlll0·1 1 I _ liCK -- f 1I1J1l111 f1J ' r MIIN OTO SIGNATUFH f ' IJ 1 11E rI CIA 1 _ U SE CLASSlflC TlON S ECIAL CHARGES - J LE SE IN P T f - AZMR S D GPHlt t IPS ·SJ P CFARR'A R l J tr rAG 12 20 77 'X293CJI4 rEL EXt Sipr-Ai KE 'FFICE • l • RA RP P T80WIE 1 NAME _ t S P' 'OPEN FORUM DKINNEY NAMI AA LA' ECOY S Il DGOODC lEA NAME 4 RAN CE S CLEARANCES 6 8 t JMS CHNEID R DeSll Q OfSTlllBUTlON R·O UTINt EPI NCE INFO Ill AZ fH Cf DEr cE' • SPfClAL HANDliNG A D ' _DISSENT _CHANNEL FOR 1 - O r E - 11b52 N A I - - - _ _ • _ zq _ _ _ ACT10tJ ADDkES lES -- -- NFO ADOfo'fro f·· d F ROM SiP LAKE- -'- '- r T'ALS 'zr1- lt ·· C J Je TAGS 'SUBJECT AIFlD PROPOSAL FOR USG ASSISTANCE TOORIT D G MS - REF ' LA PAZ 8776 · WE HAVE STUDIED YOUR MESSAGE OBJECTING TO THE GRANT OF GOVERNMENT FUNDS TO ORIT ON THE GROUNDS THAT IT MAY DAMAGE THE IMAGE OF THAT ORGANIZATION SO MUCH AS TO OUTWEIGH THE 'BENEFITS Of AN EXPANDED PROGRAM us DIC '1 2 THE CONCERNS YOU EXPRESS WERE CONSIDERED BEFORE A DECISION WAS MADE AftER DISCUSSION AT THE TUNIS LABOR - ·AT1ACHE CONFERENCE WHERE YOU WERE PRESENt AND ffADE ESSEN TIAlLV THE SAME POINTS THE AID MISSIONS WERE ASKED FOR COMMENTS BY STATE CABLE 243004 OF THE TWENTY RESPONDERS f£ F URTEEN SUPPORTED THE PROPOSAL ABOUT HALf WITH SOME KIND RESERVATION AND SIX WERE NEUTRAL ONE OF THE lATTER - OF RECOMMENDED AGAINST ACTIVITIES IN THAT PARTICULAR COUNTRY -'l 6 ONLY THE MISSIONS IN ARGENTINA AND BOLIVIA EXPRESSED CON ERN ' I ASOUT ORIT ACCEPT·ING USG SUPPORT ' ¥ · 4 PRESUMABLY THE LABOR ORGANIZATIONS THEMSELVES WOULD BE TO THE KIND Of DAMAGE YOU WARN Of R DS T ORIT EXECUTIVE aOARD CONSIDERED THE J 3 a ' r- - II ' ' - • l 'J - ' t' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C053431517 Date 11113 2017 • 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431517 Date 11 13 2017 ------ -- _ --- -- -C· l· ONA ruRM OtJtQOJ G TEL EGRAM I J ' tlr'tvoIiOI he ' • · t of St l j II '''' p - _ fi tt L_U E_ - ' ' - QuESTioN A' FORI'tAl THEY ARE lM TT£R NOT SEEM 1 5A · c I1 rly DS'32 A 0 - R - ' • - 1 ·7 -1- - _- f D2·t - 3 BEFORE-AUTHORIZING· ·THE· ·SECRETARY- GENER·AL·' io -' AKE REQUEST FOR ASSIST A·NCE AlfLD HAS ASSURED US THAT IlJORKING VERY ClOS-El Y WITH tHE AFle-eIO· ON·-THE • - ' THUS THOSE MOST Cl OSEL y ANI I IREC TL y INV OLV D ·DO TO FEAR THE CONSEQUENCES·OF USG·ASSISTANCE I 1 ' '4 FINAllY E BELIEVE I IS IMPORTANT TO 1AKE INT CON·SIl ERATlON THE EMPHASIS ON· HUnAN· RIGH·TS· iINCLUD ING -TRADE· UNIO'N lGHTS THAT CHARACT£lU·ZES· USG··ACTIVITY•• IN ·LAT·IN -AMERICA DE OCRATIC LABOR REPRESENTATIVES IN fHE AREA ARE bJElL AbJARE OF OUR ATTITUDE·S • AND ARE· IN· SYMPA-THY-·IJJITH THE RIGHTS ASPECTS Of US-LABOR HUMAN OLICY lHERt-lS-A NEM t t I t- 1 - ' • l OOD OF' TRUST AND CONFIDENCE -AND idE THINK US·-A·SSISTANCE TO ORtT CAN USEfULLY CONTRIBUTE TO llrHAT- THE · US- IS DO·I NG IN THE LABOR FIEL IF WE EXPECr AN-AUTOMATIC UNFAVORABLE f·· • REACTION blE ARE NOT bOING JUSTICE TO THE· BENEFIC-lAL· IMPACT OUR PO ICI£S AND' OUR ASSISTANCE CAN· HAVE f· I t THERE MAY BE DAMAGE T O THE· ORIT IMAGE IN SOME PERHAPS FOR EXA PL - ·In BOllY·IA 't THE· -CLEAR MAJORITY Of LABOR EXPERTISE FAVORS THE PR OGRAM AND EXPECTS THE 1 i ' BENEF TS o OUTIdEIGH THE CO·STS· · - • _ - 5 WHILE EGIONS I 1 L I' hlE O AGREE THAT THER COla» -BE A·· DANGER OF THE· SUB SIDY'S BECOMING TOO LARGE· AN ·CONTINUING· OYER ··TO·O LONG A - PERIOD · idE INTEND TO GlVE THESE -AND· OT·HER· SENSI·T IVE • • j 1 f J 'ASPECTS OF THIS PROGRAM CAREFUL ATTEN·r·ION AS· WE· P ROCE£D - _ 0 hlITH ITS IMPLEtlENTATION - • -• - _ r' b -A I 1 r '7' ' 'THANK YOU FOR SHARING ·YO·UR IDEAS·W·I-TH-US THRO UGH· THE j'DISSENT CHANNEL yy _ ''' 4 _ p it • ' t t • 1 t1 t j rJ • ' - ' t ' - Jo' • • ' I _-- U N9 I _SSIFIED t u s Department of State f 1 Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431517 Date 1 1 13 2017 • of UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445664 Date 12 11 2017 1Je1Jart1JZe1zt Or J taie· - l ifr em rE r Ii t'11 I J 11 thlklk t J 1H f RELEASE IN FULL · iEGRf T 6 I -01 t· CYF N ' AF m6 • _ 001 EUR-12 I OC 05 __ __ AID-05 a _D_ SCCT-01 1 61 W 342 6 n be ff 07 r-c a 75 FM N VCl MHIINIT ASMARA ETHIOPIA 70 CINCUSNAYEuR LONDON UK INFO S€CSTATE WASHINGTON DC 'lISr ItJCe UQ VAlhINGt N t t f ' I I IISt-H tr SHAPE '3 AMF MBASSY hDi lS 40AtJA ETHIt PIA UMNlVTELCOH JSHINGTON DC 'NAV OHHSTA GR ECE NEA MA RI GR AMCONSU n NSA ASMA A ETHIOPIA D fT r EO G MEADE t Q' T NOFQRN 'l N 3 00Ij ASMARA -- ' g '-g U S TR P 900Z CU ALI TRACTS QUIET NF THE fO LOWING IS A SUMMARY OF TH FEELINGS 'Or THf THIOprANS OWAROS AMF RICANS AS OBSERVED By NAVCO MUNIT PERSONNE CONV RSATIO WI H l OCAL NATTO IAl EMPLOYEES ANO SEClllHTY GUAi D COMMANOI l POl ICE PRnVIOED BY UCAL GUV'T q E Akf T READING A NARRO LINE 8 TWEEN TH A E TWO Sln SQ LOCAL POPU JCE MAMK T PL CE Sf EMS FRltNULY ANU TWO RUfLEFA 465 SEC HE I PJ 'UL v S ALL BOY VLlLLlNP tR TIP AND' APD Ak Hl M K€SH FT E T TO N FORN l'lATCH l UARDJ YOUR CAR FOR NOMiNAL Tn gE SINCERE IN ATCh1NG ONE CRIPPLED MAN JS S CHurCH TO WARO OFr PFUPLE WNO AIT MPT CHOwO AkOu 0 AR TO aEG wt flY SHALL u s FLAG FRGM MUST CAMS IN TOwN A O T fY ORAW A CROUO fNEV R STOPS ARE Anf IN POORER' SECTIONS AND ARO N0 MA ET HOWEV P LOCAL ATI NAL LN fMPLDYEES Of CLU ·AND SUMi COMMANOO PuLIC CP HAVE ADVIS D u s SAILORS ' YOU A E QtAU ' IF YOUR GO VI' t'R JVlnES AODLTIOf' lAL AM n Ar- O ·I LLlTARY SUPPl ltS Tu THlnpIAN' UVTno wE 9P CT MO T ARE tLf LF JYMPAThI ERS AND SuME' HAv A CTUAL L 'l1t ME t RS OF E F I'lf HAVE aNt 'LN EMPLOYEt I'I HO hAS 6ESRET 1 _ _ _ n r-r I on O 1 052 - ••-1t ' - __ -' o _- 'f'-''''''' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445664 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445664 Date 12 11 2017 _ III y U OVEQ T HT u hA peTu S FT i P _N u v AND AT THACT Tu TOWN HMY ATTITUO£ H GA r HIL E UPTtD I EvERYNIGHT A FIRE F GMT ij F OM WnkK PRIOR Tu tUwFfW Oh UTHE FO pAST EFK R EU P CtNl P S5AGE Of CISCO tM l YfF u ET IOPIA PRu8LEMS rd N I Hrs HAVt dEtN IRUU S ENCOU T R D I SAFE TO TRACl EHE 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Departnl ent of StaW SECRET PAG£ III BOliN L8171 aL OF 92 HIlS26Z INCOMING TELEGRAM RELEASE IN FULL Bellill 1m 1 III OF 111 1IJ152H ACT ON' § ll l us orlE INFO oCT-al 150-00 sso-eD ' 926 I ----------------- 1146SS9 '0 101514l lOV 17 IFF 4 FH AIIEMBASSY BOWl TO SECSTATE UASHOC IHA T III I£DIAlE 3922 1015291 146 6 E G RET SECTIon 91 OF 92 BOlin 1a711 XOIS E O 1l652 XGD$-3 TAGS liSEe PillS Gil SUBJECT PlAIINED ATTACKS 011 lUFTHAUSA' REF AI STATE 26SZ4S Bl BOIIH 18742 GEIISCKER DESCRIBED III ConSID£RABl 4 COMNEIIT 011 THE FRG STATE E T GE lSCHER STRESSED THE POIlITS THAT THE rRG'T OH THE THREAT SER IOUSt Y AIID THAT I THAD I lST I TUTED ADD ITIOI AL SECURITY MEASURES TO DEAL IIITH THE StTUATIDlI HE THEil REITERATED HIS REQUEST THAT THE USG TAME Hno ACCDUIIT m rRG STAT HENr IIHiCIt HAD SEtIl ISSUED AS A DIRteT RESOl r Of T E REAII-V 1 STADEII conVERSATIOII I SAID AlID THAT I KElPFUl TO lIE PlAIUlED I 1I0ULD BE 5 I I HAO A HAU-HOUR MEETIIIG IIITH fOREIGN HIIHSTER GEHSCHER AT lIoon TODAY GEIISCHER RHERRED TO YESTERDAY'S CO IVERSAT I 011 BEillUII THE DEPARtMErH AIID VON STADE AIID EXPRESSED THAIIKS FOR OUR COtiFIRHATlOIl OF THE IIliORMATIOU IHE GERMAIIS HAD RECE IVEO ABOUT POSSIBLE THREATS TO lUFTHAIiSA HE ASKED IF THE ADDITIOIIAL MATERIAL 011 THE CASE lHICH THE O PMTMEIIl HAD HEIlllOllEll TO VOtl STADEIIIIAS VET AVAILABLE I SAID It£ HAD ItOT YET RECEIVED IT BtlT OU10 GET Ii TO HI 1 AS SOOIl AS POSSIBLE SIIICE MY flEETING IIITH GEl SCHER liE RECE IVED THE IlIrORMAT on AIIO ARE NO l • PASS IIIG IT to HIN I 2 IGtl SCHER oro rl oT HOI EVER SPECIFICAllY REQUEST THAT US lOT REPEAT 'lOT ISSUE A STATEtlEln 1 GENSCHER THEil READ HE THE T£l T or THE GERMAlj STA1EHEln SEIH SEf'TW THAT I ll00LD REPORT OUR conVERSATlOr IIEllEVEO THE FRG SllUEMEIH lIOUlD BE US I ADDED THAT I 010 IIOT KlIOII HAT TO 00 AS RtGAROS A SrATI HE T BUT TKAT Il lDUCH lIlTH lHE FORE IGil HIIiISTRY 011 O TAll tHE ExmlSIVE ADDITIOnAL SECURITY HEASUR£S oorn 11I1HIII GERIIAIIY AND ABROAD tHAT »AVE 8WI II1S1 TUTED TO DEAL IIlTH THE THREAT HE IIOTED tHAT THERE HAD BEEII DIHICUI TIES IIITH ALGERIA AlID SAID A DELEGAtlOIl HEADED BY It STATE SECRETARV III THE 1111llSTRY OF IIITERIOR IIOUlD BE GOWG TO ALGERIA AT THE IlEEKEIID FOR I1EETI IGS 011 IHE SUBJ'CT III RESPOHS TO HY QUESTlOtl GEIISCHER SAID LlaVA HAD PROVED MOST COOPERATIVE III RESPorlOlllG TO FRG REQUEStS FOR ASSISTAIICE 1 1 SECURITY HATTERS 3 TURllIflG TO THE READ-VOII STADEl C lIlVERSATI ON GEIlSCHER REFERRED TO OUR IIfTEl TIOtl TO AOVISE US GClVERIiHElIT PERSOlmEl TO REFRAIII FROII US IfiG UfTHAIISA HE A SO IIOTED THE INPORTArIC£ OF CONGRESS IOIlAl COlleERII FOR THE SAFEty O TKE lRAVtL IJIG PUBLIC AS A FACTOR III OUR APPROACH TO lUI PHOBlEt1 GEl SCHER SAID HE UIIOERST01JD FRDII lIolI STADEWS REPORHtIG THAT TKE OEPARTHWT THOUGHT n lIlIUlD BE DESIRABLE IF tHE fRG IIERE TO ISSUE A IIAIWIIIG 1I0TlCE r IRST HE COMMENTED THAT THE ADD I r JorlAL SECUR ITY PRECAUTI OIlS THAT HAvr BEEN TAKEII WOULD IIDT MAKE TH BIGS EASY FOR TERROR f SiS BUT OF COURSE HO OIlE cOULD G ARAlHEr CO PLETE SAFETY fROH TRE VARIOUS POSSISlE THREATS liE FULL Y UIIOERSTODO US COIICERNS HE STRESSED I II THE I1ATTER or A IIARUIIIG 1I0TleE TO THE US PUBLIC Ht MAoE llll POUlTS OHE TERRORISTS lOUlD SEE FROII THE ISSUAIICE Of SUCH A UARUIflG TKAT THEY 1I0UlO BE ABLE TO £XERT rRESSURES 011 AIIIl illES GWERALl Y IIlClUDIrlG US liNEs THIS liAS A FACTOR THAT liE lOUl D UIIOOUBTEOL Y III SH TO COliS IOER TIIO HE ASKED TH T ' COIISJOEIlIt' UanKER TO ISSUE A STATEI1£tlT OF OUlt Ol H lIE TAKE HITO AeCO 11T THE STATEHElIT WleH THE fRG liAS ABDUT TO ISSUE HE SAID HE UNDERSTOOD FRON THE READ-VOII STABEU CONVERSATIOII Til AT A FRG STATEMEnT MIGHT ELiMIIfATE THE flEW FOR SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431968 Date 11 13 2017 U S Department of State Case F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431968 11 13 2017 No Date __ 1 -SEBRE-t- ' DejJartnlent Of State E X 0 I S • ill K I • • • I • • • I INCOMING PAGE 01 ACTION § § ll INFO o OCT-01 BONN 18771 ISO-00 02 OF 02 r01523Z 550-00 026 W ------------------046876 101514Z NOV 77 ZFF 4 FM AMEM6ASSY BONN TO 5ECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 3023 i TELEGRAM '___ 0488 101529Z 46 e eRE T SECTION 02 OF 02 BONN 18771 EXDIS THlS POINT AS SOON AS WE HAD ANYTHING TO ADD I ASKED HOW SERIOUSLY THE FRG TOOK THE THREATS AND GENSCHER CONFIRM O THAT THESE WERE TAKEN VERY SERIOUSLY INDEED I ASKED IF THE FRG HAD ANY MORE PRECISE IOEAS ON POSSIBLE TIMING OF A TERRORIST ATTACK GENSCHER SAID THEY HAD RECEIVED DIFFERENT VERSIONS ON TIMING ONE THAT AN ATTACK WOULD BE AFTER THE 15TH ANOTHER THAT IT WOULD 6E BEFORE THE 14TH HE SAID IE WAS INCLINED TO THINI THAT THE FORMER WAS TH£ MORE LIKELY POSSIBILITY BUT HE 010 NOT CLARIFY THE BASIS FOR THtS JUDGMENT GENSCHER WAS RELAXED AND CALM THROUGHOUT OUR MEETING WHICH WAS JAMMEO INTO A 8REAK IN HIS 81LATERAL TALKS WITH FRENCH FOREIGN MINISTER DE GUIRINGAUD 6 7 IN LIGHT OF MY MEEToING WITH GENSCHER AND THE GERMAN STATEMENT WE WILL ONLY REPEAT ONLY IF ASKED STATE THAT THE MATTER OF THE THREATS TO LUFTHANSA IS UNDER CONSIDERATION IN WASHINGTON AND WE WILL NOT REPEAT NOT PENDING FURTHER INSTRUCTION BASE A STATEMENT ON REF A PARA 3 I HAVE NOW SEEN THE ADDITIONAL MATERIAl WHICH WE GAVE THE GERMANS AND HAVE THE IMPRESSION THAT IT DOES NOT ADO APPRECIABLY OR SUBSTANTIVELY TO PREVIOUS INFORMATION AVAILABLE StOESSEL 8 II • • SEBREf 1l0T TO BE REPi ODUCED IIlTkour THE AUTHllRll4T1o r OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431968 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445964 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 Nov H 1976 Dear Ir Lord Thank you for informing e of the SY story in th newsletter which will inform employees that their participation in third-party intcr iews is oluntary The degree of resistance which SY has shown to admitting the voluntary aspect indicates how un nthusiastic S i about j nforming employees of their rights I can think of no reason why this information should not h ve been routinely communicated to employees except that SV might then find employees not participating in interVicws · hich 'ould in turn mean that some SY offi ers would have start doinp SOJllC useful ork ins tead of collecting gos ' ip A colleaBu 0 f ine just read his SY file and found yards and rard of reports fill d with such igcificant data as r X s wife is short and rat 0 vie oJ of SY' s reluctance in this field - and knowing that not all em ployee' s ill remember the net· sletter ' toty the next timc they are interview d by SY ould you find out whether the SY manual for SY officers is being amended to req'uire SY to inform emplorees at the bcgilming of interviel' s of the vol untary natuz -e of hc situation The SY manual no ' contains an indication that t e interviews are voluntary but the manual is classified and I suspect SY officcrs will continu not to infor employees unless SY specific lly orders officers to do so the first step in the intervicN I l 'ould pr er that employees bc asked to sign a statement along the lines At the beginninJ of an interve ' by SY Officer X r 'as informed th t my participation was voluntary In I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445964 Date 12 11 2017 86' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446547 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN OO i' i U ell I Departnzent oj' State P GE 01 OF 02 ORIGIII SP'Ol INFO Der'OI TELEGRAM STAtE 2om6 IDH SlATE 2G52S6 PARTBSUUluUINTl - jf AYY 150'00 Our'CD IDOl R • 6GOIT DRAmD BY S P RJlltITZK APPROVED BY SIP Jn ITlKE OESUEO OISIRI6UTI II S P OIlLY' ••• • ••• ·········09$SU lsO m 110 R 1420UI AUG 7S • FII SECSIAT£ I ASHOC TO CliO USCIIICSO c u I BEll T I A I $lATE lD51S6 PI SSEIIT eHAIlHELllllllIllIlllllllIllllllllllI1JIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII rOllOlllllG REPEAT OUEIIDS AIRES nn ACTlOIl SECSTATE II AUG 71 QuOT • II Fie fliT I A t OUEIIOS AIRES n7 DI SS£l1l CHAIIIIEL E O 11652 GDS TAGS SHun 1lR II Ol PilI SUBJECT 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till IT ARY GROUPS nESSAGE TO THE CHO AliD USC IIICSD REF BI 3 DACKGROUIID ••• III EARLY JULY IIAVY DEPUTY SECREIARY GEIIE Al LUCKETTA APPROACHED HSASSY 0 1 POL I TICAL lEVEL TO 'OISCUSS ARRAHGIIIG HEETIIIGS fOR ADHIRAl HASSERA VIIH SEIliOR USI OFFICIALS QUillllG PROPOSEO PRIVA1£ YISIT TO THE UIlITED STATES AT cor ClbslOIi or HA SERAS YISIT TO V£IIElUElA lOCAL PRESS III III D JUL ¥ CARRIED STDRY THAJ HASSERA PlAlillED TO UIIDERGO EXI£IIslVE HEOICAl UAHIIIAIIOn At IIAL T£R REED HOSP ITAl 011 JULY 19 lUCHETTA CALLED ON AHBASSAOOR REGAIlOIHG ARRAIlGIIIG us ftHlIlIGS AIID In ABSEUCE DEPARTED ENCOUR GEI £II1 SAYInG Ht BELIEVED VISIT IIGUlO 'BE CANCElLED SUBSEOUEIITLY lUCHETTA IIlrt CnrO 'nBAssr pOLorr THAT' HASSERA VI S IT IIAD BEElI-CALL ED orr 0 • mEXr Of POLITICAL PROBLE IS ARISING FROII EXI t 'IHS CREDIT REFUSAL THIS GUESTlO 1 IS FILLED IIITH STAAl HEll ARGunWTS HERE 'ARE A rEII rOR EXTEIIDIHG THE IIlUIIAflOII AI 1I0T TO EAIEHD THE IIIYlUflOl1 UIlL BE SEEII GOfH AS AHOTH£A SLAP AT THE 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TO SUPPORT REY ISSUES lIED TO IHPROVIIlG THE HUIiAiI RIGHTS SITUATIDN III ARGEIITIIIA SPECIFICAllY HE HAS URGED THAT THE lin IfARY FORCES RECOGIII LE PUBLI Cl Y IHE IR SECRET PRISOIIERS tHAI THE IIl1tR·AHrRlCAIl HUIIA RIGHTS COh ISSIOIi BE IHVIfED TO VISIT ARGEHTIIIA THAT THE JUIITA HAiIO 001111 FlRII SEIITtHCES OR RELEASE PERsons BE lUG HELD unDER EXECUTIVE DETEIITlOII 81 tHE GOVERflHEllT'S STAfE or SIEGE POIIERS --- BNFIBENTIAl l - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446547 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446547 Date 12 11 2017 om ------ -- ' L' --------- D --- ·ca ag r g z -----LrO I UU mu e Jartlnent oj State PAGt 01 OF PI STATE TIELEGRAM lom6 OR BY ITS 81ll or ATTAIIiOER AUTHORITY UIIOER THE ACtA INSlITUCIOIIAI THAT JACODO TIIIIRHAIl BE RELEASED AIID HOST InPORTAIIHY HE HAS PUBLICLY PROPOSED THAT IHE IIILI1ART SERVICE PUBtI SH A LIST or THOSE KILLED In BAmE III THE liAR MAIIIST SUBVERSIOIf IIASSERII HAS TAKEII THESE posITIons BECAUSE Ht EIIVES THEY ARE GOOD POL IT leAL ISSUU III ARCEIITlIIA BUT THEY ARE ALSO PROPOSALS THAT VE' SUPPORT AS Hn tUHCllIS 11 OUR HURAII RIGKTS tFfORTS HERE A fLAI lOll-LEVEL REJECIIOII OF THE IIAVY-TO· IAVY VISII BY THE OIlLY OFF ICIAl III THr JUUU WO IIIDtPElllIEllTlY HAS SUPPORTED A UnSER OF OUR KEY POLICY COIICERIIS HERE IIiVITU • PERHAPS OEHAHOSI lESS rUTUU ErrORT fROII HIn all THESE I SSUES IE SHOULO BE RECOGIII urlG AIID EIICOURAGIIlG HIS ACTlOIIS 01 ALTHOUGH IHC ARIIY Vlll HOT BE PLEASED VITH A IIASSERA INVITAIIOII IT I lll IIOT BE A HAJOft D£TtRIIIII II1 or GOA POL ICY fOllARDS lHE US IN COOHPARISOn TO THE US'S ClOSlIlG 001111 THE lUll IIII1DOll ASSISTAIIT SECRETARY OERUIIS'S $TRAIGMr fORIIARD TESllnOIlY 011 ARGEIITlIIA all AUGUST 9 AIIO THE UPCOIIIIIG HUIIPHREY KEIIIIEOY AHEIIOllElIT IIlIICH IIILl CLOSE IHE IIIUIARY SUPPLY OOOIS All IIIVITAIIOa TO IIASSERA llll BE A SHALL EI'EIII FEll PRIIICIPALLY AnOIlG THE ARGEllflllE ARHY'S HADERSHIP BUT A RtJECTlOlI UNLtSS HOST CARtrULLY HAlIOlED COULD lELl BE All EIIBllltRllIG EVENI FOR IHE AOIIIRAL RECOHHEIIDATlOII-- AHIDSI All 1Ht SIRAl HEII IHERE IS OIlE ARGUrnEl1I lIHICH STAIIDS OUT GEll1ltnEII IArlD ESPEC I ALL Y OIPLOIIUS AIfD IIAVAL OFfiCERSI IIEYER UlIlHl£nT 10llALlY IIISULl rOR OVER A HOIITN HERE AIID III lIASHlIlGTOlI THE ARGEllTIIIE NAVY HAS SEW SIGIIALlIIG fOR SOliE SORT OF A IIA5 tRA VISIT IE A E PAOPOS A CURT RESPonSE SV£ PIIIG ASIOE All THE ARGUHEIIIS IE ARE ABOUT TO IIiSULT PERHAPS UUIIII£IIT10IlALlfl IHE AOIIIRAl AIIO THE ARGEIITIIIE IIAVY lIE CAli 00 DEHER THE CNIJ SHOULD PAEfERABL Y EXTEI D THE IIIVITATlOII· OR Al TERIIAIIVEL Y COnVEY A GOlDEII TURIIDOYH UITM A PERSOIIAL LElIER AIID OR PHDIIE CAll EXPRESSING HOPE THAT FUTURE lEE IIIIG5 CAli BE ARRAlIG D I IIH THE CIIO AHO SEIIIOR STATE DEPARTnEIIT OFfICIALS III ADDItIOIl IHE CliO SHOULD COIISIOER ·All EARLY IIIVITATlQII TO HASSERA 'S SUCCESSOR AOHIRAl LAIIBRUSCHIIII v IOSE DAUGHtER IIA S RECEIITLY KIUED III BOH8 A ACK HEREI 7 COIlClUS 1011 -THE IIA OR ISSUE IIlIICH THIS RUSHED CABLE DOES 1I0T ADDRESS IS HOV IHE USG SHOULD DEAL IIITH OPPOSITIOII AIID HUIIAII RIGHIS GROUPS III ARGEIITlIIA TO PROIIOTt OUR HUHAII RIGHTS AIID OTHER POll CY OBJECT I VES ASS ERA IS OP HlY STABIIIIG All OPPOSITlOII OVEnEIIf HERE HE IS SPEAKIIIG VEgYOAY CAR£rUllY SEPARATlIIG HIHSELF fRO THE VIDElA GOVERIIHEIIT 011 T I O ISSUES--THE ECOIIO·HY AUD 10llTlCAL NDRHAlIlATlOII HE 110 DOUBT $EES A HIGH VISIBILITV VISIT TO THE US AS Of IHPORTAIICE TO HIS POLITICAl PlAIiS OUR RESPOIISE SHOULD BE CAREfULLY TAILORED BY THE FUTURE DIPlOIIATlC PATHS liE IIILL IIISH TO fOllOIl HERE Aj A IIIHIIIUH IE SHOULD KEEP OUR OPTI08S OPEII OUR COlD SHOULDERIIIG Of THE nASSERA InVITATlOII IS 1I0T THE SKILLFUL RUPOIISE I BELIEVE THE SITUAIIOII OEnAIiOS liD HARRIS IlESSAGE CASTRO UIIQUOTE CHRISTOPHER· 8 0NF I BENT At UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N C06446547 Date ·1 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476318 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 j J · 'eeNFIBENTIAL J · 'S P CAtLEGRONE AG 8117 a1 EXT 22 2 S P JROCHE I I tS P CF A IRBANKS J i t 1 •C -t J BONN ROUTINE -J 1 1 '1 DISSENT' CHANNEL f R ---11 fROM L I_ _ b 2 DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE· - SOUTH LEBANON IIJIAtIfl I ' I CONFIBENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT • 1l J' Jf 1'3 PLEASE ACCEPT OUR SINCERE APOLIGIES FOR THE' UNDUE DELAY 'IN COMPLETING OUR SUBSTANTIVE REPLY THE RESPONSE SHOUL ' l ' R S H T URED THAT THE DELAY IN NO WAYtoREFLECTS ' ANY DIMINUTION IN THE DEPARTMENT'S COMMITMENT MAINTAINING THE PRINCIPLE OF CREATIVE AND DISCIPLINED DISSENT ENVISIO'NEJ IN' THE 'DISSENT CHANNEL 'SYSTEM YY _ ' -• YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE HAS STIMULATED CONSIDERABLE HE'ALTHY DISCUSSION IIJITHIN THE DEPARTMENT UNFORTUNATELY SEVERA MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS IN LEBANON HAVE fORCED DELAYS' IN PREP ARING A COORDINATED REPLY ADDRESSING THE ISSUES YOU ' IHAYE R ·ISE» • t - 1' 'B6 JR r ' CA L Cfr TA S REFERENCE 4 ' SIP ·ROCHE GDS a L11Gb ROCHE JAMES ' 'SUBJ ECT 1· _ ceNFIDEN'IAL t·· - 1··· • · ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476318 Date 01 11 2018 CO 64154 94 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415494 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE J SIP MACASEY 8DM EXT 29716 3-10-77 S P AlAKE S P G AUSTIN S P NBOYER S P SVOGELGESANG r I SIP ONLY I I ROUTINE I _ BUDAPEST ___ • _____ 4 __ • _ _ _ _ STADIS IiSE Ni C-HANNEL I -FOR L_ _ _ _--- JIFROM··l- K -S po - Tl MAC E O 11652 N A f lLt TAGS SHUM HU SUBJECT REF A DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE BUDAPES T 43·7· 8 1 t f1 HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY GA SV' ' V NB ' - ' BUDAPEST 747 1 I-REGRET- ·THAi -DUE 'TOAN-ADt'liNIS-i7 AiIVE °ERROrf -'you'R- DISSENT CHA-NNEL - MESSAGE-O N' iur iANRI·GHTSADVOC-ACYW·AS NOT ACKNOWLE GED UNTRNOW MR GRANVILLE AUSTIN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICESOF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE COORDINATOR FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT·CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED y L LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case 'lo F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415494 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 641692 O IED - --_ _-_ - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 t o Pc IUJ DelegationJune 3 1 I IRELEASE L IN PART B6 ¥disagree with the Dep t I s tel gram r ff'O stating the agreement on the Blanchard letter is a success I think it is a defeat for the following reasons BEST COPY AVAILABLE LArab vs US substantive objectives on the Arab -Israeli issue the Arabs won A background chronology 1 the D rector General's report as issued was acceptable to us in the section dea'ling with this subject 2 The Arabs wanted to kee he 1974 resolution alive either by introducing a new resolution or by having the Director Ge al make some stat nt about it see events in early May whn Arabs were trying to introduce a resolution before the May 15 deadline see also Tripoli conference 3 The Arabs ultimately d not introduce a new resolution therefore we must focus on the DG letter as it relates to the Arab objective of keeping the 1974 resolution alive ' ' Draft One was acceptable to us but re j ected' by the Arabs D aft Two was rejected by us but accepted by the Arabs see reporting telegram '-I $'r para 2 quoting USREP Horowitz J statement at staff meeting morning of 'June 9 in which he stated that a tripartitie USDEL had told Blanchard that Draft Two was unacceptable because the wording gave life to the 1974 resolution the Govt of Israel also had r ected it ' Draft Three was acceptable to us but rejected by the Ar bs Draft Four was unacceptable to s but accepted by th rabs Draft Four became the final letter We are on re'cl b d as accepting it by our silence when the President of the ILC asked i there w re any objections ' ' - r' UNCLASSIFIED U S _ Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 86 1j6 CO 16920 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416920 Date 10 1112017- -- ' ' ' • • t •• B Assessment in the contest between the US and the Arabs to see whether the DG's statement on the issue substitute for a resolution would be theirs or ours we lost according to the statement of the USREP the morning of June 9 reporting the views of the tripartitie USDEL Subsequent to the issuance of the final letter some press accounts have apparently said it was a victory for the 'US even though the USREP in Geneva refused to comment 'see USIS tel gram of JunejJ 3 Also the Dept issued ' a telegram saying the Blanchard letter was a success Neither the press nor the Dept was fully informed of the sequence of events and the fore these first reaction comments are not necessarily final hope hat when the Department is fully informed and when it reads this dissent memo the Department will re assess the outcome on this issue and come to a different conclusion II-The second reason for saying the agreement on the letter is a defeat is that in the context of our reform efforts we have been urging our friends to stand by their principles and not 'give in to pressure or 0 alona solidarity The mo era e ra s agreed with us on braftfThr'ee but the radical Arabs pressured them the moderates gave in UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 co 641692 O IED - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07 743 Doc No c06416920 Date 10 11 2017 ' e best scenario would have been the the DG's original report on the issue hav been allowed to stand with no supplementary state mt letter The ILC President would then either have had to rule any Arab resolion out of order or give in to pressure and allow a resol bion Either waw e should have had a test case which would have let us see f JOW all countries not just thefrabS would behave No doubt they are all atly rel ed at having been let off the hook by Our __ epting the letter they did no have to tand up and be counted even though had told them that we would be seeking r public support on this ssue Ag in a defeat for a basic US Objective Another defeat we have been telling Blanchard that we expect to take strong stands to have the ILO adhere to bacic principles e had reached agreement on Draft Three and he had signed it as the inalUletter and he had told the Arabs he could do no more Under 9ressure from the Arabs he gave in which is the pattern he has Lowed in the past surrendering to whichever bloc pushes him the hardest Although the USREP has said the final letter was the we could get and anyway i t was not our letter but Blanchard's I disagree on both points we do not know what would have happened if we had rejected Draft Four - we might have won and in any case it was no longer Blanchard's letter from the time he first showed someone a draft and began making changes in response to pressure Sinc lanchard caved in this was a defeat A1s our credibility was weakened since apparently the USREP and other members of the UOEL accepted a omise from Blanchard that in return for Our going along w 1 '1-4 the Arab version of the let'ter he would state in 1978 and 1979 that he had taken no more steps on the 1974 resolution We therefore partiCipated in his decision to go along with the Arabs and must share responsibility with him by our having entered into negotiations with him shared in his decision to surrender to Arab pressure We could have ld him we rejected the letter and let him deal with the consequences ---------- - ------ --- - _- --------- ------- - ' ' --_ _--- ---- -- _ _ _ _ _1 ____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _'- -- _ - • ••• j _ _ _ -- '--' _ -- ' ·-···C- -s ·· · ·F_ - ·6 743 Doc No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State __ co 641692 O IED - _ - ' - - - - - _ _ - - - - - - - U S Department of State Cas No F-2016- 774 Doc No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 - ' - l T -- - ------- '-- ------------ --------------'-'-'- IV Linkage there is implicit in remarks made by the USREP t several staff meetings and reported in several telegrams that there 5 an informal but ciear linkage between the final outcome on the Arab Israeli lette and progress on Article 17 i e we held p any ction on A ticle in hopes the Blanchard letter would 'be acceptable to th rabs and we let the Arabs know that by our accepting the Arab language-in the letter they in'turn uld be helpful on Article 17 This kind of linkage-bargain-package is _lrecise1y w cIwe have been telling Blanchard and others is unacc ptable because we w t each issue treated on its merits O' ••••• •• ' _ ---r •• _ ' • - ' _ --- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 05TIED U S Department of State case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417053 Date 10 11 2017 y rf tJ REB'S RELEASE IN PART 86 ocr 01 INFO ES 0i i'Q i 0 _ R 1 llIe4ei 6' 'L F M 'TO ·•• ••••• ••• ····· ··le1504z · ' MgM ABSy ' lOO _ S C8T T E WASHoe '7 0e 'e o N f i t 'UO'E N'T X A L JlOOA - 1 22 1 ' -- M ' t u _ J• t _ ' ••• STADIalllllllllllllllllllllll 1111111 I J _ r %8 MESSAGE 'TRANeM ' _ I _1 '-1'''- • • 1 -rn --- - -- - 'n 15 R QUE Tgp TH T 1%T· a P DEPARTMENT AP I Te 61 teS NT eH NN L lgWPOJN QF 0 RtAT P'O ICY EVE S IN THe ou- 8UMMA Yi Hi i $HARE 'THE O C R PF j8e oRIGi TORS Q 'REET l e My Da p P AQ A CQNs Da TlotLOF T E_ Q EeO e POaSleL RE U Te OP A Pg t ' T 6T'R ROS T RRQ ISTe OR K ON PPER ttN_A Y_WAV 'FQRCE ME TQ M' • EX Ress T E J'PL OWING 3PMMe n NP 'Q XN%CN THAr CQN·· ' LICT W TH 'THE $UgG SlxgN O BeSFECTEA 'COLL A@ugs 'TO l jA 'TH I P ESE T ePL I eV 1 QQ I gwe ye R BE t·E vE TH T THB rI TERRQRX T PoLICy eEEN Re %SS IN 'THE 1 c ' QF _P' NUAV i AFT R·AcnpN u o MIOH FEEL I _EF ECT D WO LO AL$O O T R T RRORISM AGAINST MY COL A U S END·eUMMARV ___ _ _ _ _ _ ___C01 E_NT t h _ _ _ ________ w- _ _• _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077i3 poe No C06417053 Date 10 11 2017 86 - - --- --_ - - ----- -------- - --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417053 Date 10 11 2017 c 0 41 705 3 IED u s Department of State·C se No F-2016-07743 •• r£1 109 4 Doc No C06417053 Date 10 11 2017 l CONFXC NTUL E-l PAGE 03 rx o E- r£1 Q k t rJ' - 86 4 WHy TH S E PHA i ON RtTBiiUTIQN ·a C U g SOM 'TE1 RORUTS CAN BE e Xp EeT Q TO p'e II'ORM TH CE O NOT II'OR MON Y OB RAN$OM O ELE 3E CO T RRORi Te _eUT TO PRAW T e QRLOtS ATT NTION TO HAT T EY CONelO R PO T C I JVSTI E OR F RUSTR TIONS •• P RH PB T E_O Y QET RRENT II'OR THESE IS 'THE THREAT OF R TR euTtON OF - PORTER 1 • - - - - __ I IIL _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Stale Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417053 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476893 Date 01 11 2018 ' IRELEASE • c IN PART 861 ' UNCLASSIfIED ' lIP' HJONES CJR S 16184 X29 2 I ·S P PI ffJUIN I ' pI0f JREINERTSON j I' PRIORITY SEOUL DISSENT CHANNEL FOR £ 0 12356 TAGS IfROM SIP 86 PETER RO»MAN HJ N A PblR APER SUBJECT REF I FAMILY ENPLOYMENT AT POST J R SftARED AFM POSITIONS SEOur 5127 1 THANK YOU 'FOR YOUR MESSAGE DEALI G WITH SHARED AfM POSITIONS AND fAMILY EMPLOYMENT AT POST 2 BEFORE MAKING THE USUAL DISTRIBUTION Of YOUR MESSAGE TO THE SECRETARY' AND OTHER PRINCIPALS WE ARETTRYING TO RESOLVE THE ISSUE YOU HAVE RAISED THROUGH THE OFFICE Of THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM HAS ALSO BEEN GIVEN A COPY OF YOUR MESSAGE AND IS MONITORING ITS RESOLUTION MY SPECIAL ASSISTANT ILL BE WORKING ON IT DIRECTLY I i I 3 I HOPE TO BE BACK IN TOUCH WITHIN A WEEK OR SO IN THE MEA NTIME I COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL yy UNCLASSIFIE» 1 ' _ J ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476893 Date 01 11 2018 co 641539 8 IED- u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415398 Date 10 jJj20g RELEASE IN PART DEPARTMENT OF STATE 86 W hinl ton D C 10520 June 1 1977 OFFICIAL-INFORMAL LIM ITED OFFICIAL USE 86 American Embassy Jidda 86 Deari' - - - - - - - - ' I think you deserve a 'word of explanation for our long delay in responding to your dissent message on terrorism sent last February As you know from our acknowledgme t I am the coordinator for a reply- We have been trying manfully ·to get a reply to Ambassador Porter's earlier message of January 25 and then we thought we would try our hand at a reply' to you Not having succeeded in answering the Ambassador we are not getting very far in answering your message The terrorist experts are going to talk to Ambassador Porter th ls week when he is in the Depa·rtment We are about to undertake a review of terrorist policy and the ideas which you and he have sen us will naturally be considered Your'own interest in protecting Foreign Service personnel is of course a major priority n our consideration although exactly how we do this in a new policy remains to be worked out This is not an official reply to your message but you will be receiyin'g one in due course r thought you would like to know ·that· although the Department is slow it rarely forge'ts Sincerely Richard B Finn 'ember Policy Planning Staff UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0641 s398 Date 10 11 2017 0 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431082 Date 11 13 2017 l 01iYG'0TNG UNCLASSIFIED Departnlent Of State PAGE 01 ORIGIN SCA-0'l INFO STATE 0'0'00'0'2 TELEGRAM 9877 OCT-i ll 150-0'0' ARA-10 550-00' PTE-00 PA-32 PRS-GI COME-00 TRSE-00 AID-05 AGRE-00 DOOE-00 SY-0S USIE-00 OPR-02 NSC-05 NSCE-00 SCSE-00 L-0'3 DHA-0'2 LAB-0'4 SII -i ll 1'157 R DRAFTED BY SCA - JOHN DE WITT APPROVED BY SCA - LEONARD Fj WALENTYNOWICZ ARA - WILLIAM I UERS SUSS '5 5-0 APSHANKLE DES RED DISTRIBUTION 5 5 SCA ARA M ------------------011330Z o 0'10342Z JAN 77 ' 046710' 71 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO INS WASHoe IMMEDIATE UNCLAS STATE 30'0'00'2 E O TAGS 11652 N A CGEN SUBJECT STATEMENT ON MOTOR TRAVEL IN'SINALOA MEXICO FOR ACTION INS DUTY COMMUNICATIONS OFFICER REFERENCE DE WITT HUDSON TELECON OF DECEMBER 31 1 THE DEPARTMENT OF STArE HAS ISSUED A PRESS RELE 'ASr CONCERNING THE RISKS TO AMERICAN TOURISTS OF MOTOR TRAVEL IN SINALOA MEXICO PLEASE 'RELAY THIS RELEASE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE TO ALL INS AND CUSTOMS OFFICES ON THE U S MEXICAN ORDER SO THAT'USG OFFICIALS WILl HAVE AVAILABLE THIS INFORMATION FOR AMERICAN TOURISTS CONTEMPLATING MOTOR TRAVEL IN THE STATE OF SINALOA ' 2 TEXT OF STATEMENT MOTOR TRAVEl IN STATE OF SINALOA WHILE LARGE NUMBERS OF AMERICANS HAVE SAFE AND ENJOYABLE VACATIONS IN MEXICO AND CAN EXPECT O CONTINue TO ENJOY THE TRADITIONAL MEXICAN HOSPITALITY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE HAS BECOME INCREASINGLY CONCERNED ABOUT THE SAFETY OF AMERICAN TOURISTS TRAVELING IN OR THROUGH THE STATE OF SINALOA IN WESTERN MEXIC SINCE MAY 1976 THERE HAVE seEN seVERAL INCIDeNTS INVOLVING HIGHWAY ROBBERY AND VIOI ENT ASSAULT OF AMERICAN TRAVELERS BY ARMED SANDITS MOSTLY ON HIGHWAY IS NEAR THE CITY OF CULIACAN IN THE STATE OF SINALOA THESE INCIDENTS INCLUDE THREE DEArHS IN THE PAST MONrH AND TWO MOTORISTS HAVE BEEN REPORTED MISSING GENERALLY MOTORISTS HAVE SUFFERED THE LOSS OF AI L OF rHEIR POSSESSIONS INCLUDING THEIR VEHICLES PTHESE DEVELO MENTS HAVE BEEN THE SUBJECT OF DISCUSSIONS BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENTS OF MEXICO AND THE UNITED STATES THE OFFICIALS OF THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT RECENTLY CONVEYED TO UNiTED STATES EM8ASSY OFFICIALS IN MEXICO CITY THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT'S DETERMINATION TO INSTITUTE NEW MEASURES IMMEDIATELY TO ASSURE TOURISTS' SAFE AND PLEASANT TRAVEL' ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT THERE WILL BE A NEW AND UNI UE SYSTEM OF TOURIST PROTECTION AND ASSISTANCE FROM TH BOROER AT NOGALES THROUGH HERMOSILLO TO MAZATLAN THE FEATURES OF THIS SYSTEM INCLUDE HANDOUTS TO TOUR STS AT THE BORDER INDICATING APPROPRIATE PLACES TO STAY ANO HOW TO CONT CT MEXICAN AUTHORITIES FOR ASSISTANCE AND IMMEDIATE INCREASE OF THE PATROLLING I GREEN ANGEL' TOURIST ASS STANCE UNITS FROM 5 TO 15 ROBINSON UNCLASSIFIED _ - __ -_ _--- --_ _-_ _---------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431082 Date 11 13 2017 '-- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Q r Q Q96431642 Date 11 13 2017 tJZ r e - 3 ' ' U S J'-Y GSA 1' ' ' Fnn ' 'p rpun cr '''' UN TED S1WrES j VERNME RELEASE IN PART Memorartdum 86 • TO A PP x AM CAR - SUiJJ£CT ' i DAn July 6 1977 Peter Johnson ------ -r' r 86 r-I Procedures for' Release of Unclassified and LOU 'Material ' Presidential Review Memorandum NSC-29 directed that a new Executive Order be prepared to place Executive Order' 11652 Points to b'e consideted by the drafting commit·tee included How to proville for the maximum release of informa'tion' to the American public on government activities and policies consistent with th eed to protect sensitive national security information How to promote increased public access to this information through_ a mO re rapid and systematic declassif icati'on program Overlaps between the new Execu ive Order and the Freedom of Information Act as amended and the Privacy Act and Nhich information reCju l S protec ticn antI for I • long I and Y'hat cr iter in should' be' used in making this judgment · In view of the above I ould lPPl eciate r€ celving guid J ncu on procedures for releasing unclassified and LOU matcrinl I understand that unclassified lIlate l ial cai' be oleuf o l I ' the appropriate office I am not ure vhu' the appr Clt i tc officE 1t is and I would appreciilte guidelines lS to 110 r' 1n releDsG unclElssified cables I t ting specificllll ' what 1' 1I '- proc€dure is for material oriyinating here and oveEsca as vlell as ma't erial to hi ch· may involve mon than one' o£ric I II 'j'he J'Jest ion is r levant' _ to our hun Uing 01 f'Ofl' t 1 qlwsl ' 3 I ' ' ell as in situ ltioris wher m officer might dsh to relecise an unclassifi cable to u non-g vernrn 1 ta 1 IJndy on ·his· Oltm initiative ·This office recently r fused' to ' 'UNCLi SSIFIED BtlJ U S Sf llillJ S florId Rt uldrly --------_ - --- --'----_ __ _-----'-------- - - - 011 th Payroll Savill 'plan ------- -------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431642 Date 11 13 2017 '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431642 Date 11 13 2017 ' UNCLASSIFI EO' ' ' - 2 - release an unclassified memor'andum on appeal under the' FOIA Our reason for doing so while it may have b en defensible was cle rly n9t grounded in a national security argument as contemplClted by E O li652 or t he material would have been classified In this regard I would also appreci te' guidelines on how LOU can' be released I understand that there may be legal doctrines of executive privilege which justify a refusal of' unclassified and LOU material on other than statutory grounds ' ' ' i I ' • 7 Drafted 0·'· ' bY Afu CAR DEHenderson nhm 7 7 77 ' Clearances ARA CAR RJS rber' ARA C'R TJClleavner UNCLASSIFtEO II ' ---- -------- -------- ---- g ' - -------- _J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431642 Date 11 13 2017 Case 917 if - 1w%- All v est- 3 S Department of State v1 ment of Setat U MeannHentofSae CsNaeo F-4320'16-o77 201 UNCLASSIFIED 53 De-artment of oc No r5 1 i ate UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 861 005667 6 20 ·JUL alZ 22 Dep artm·ent Of State OR G N STATE J • j APPRnVF O By N 0 COPY OF 20 COPIES S P MMINTON JAN P pwnLFOwITZ pa DnUr I AS EA JNEr R IP N·TE ' RIP 1 1j Ir HT t O pwII CnX OFIGnRAGNlr H · ' H TF RfIj D I 91043 NnO l·OI0 -RAFTEn Y TELEGRAM NOD123 Co F I E T UL PA E 01 OUTGOING S •••••••••••••••••• 133'44 0 2 -61 JUI Al ZFF4 FM S C TATF WA H C TO U My SSlnN U UN NEW YORK p InRtTv -fA IdH F- OI -1F1 r 4oi I T4 l'-b-L TA TE t' 9 to 4 I -1p F - NOniS OISSF NT eHANNEL • TAr S I • D S ENT AMPUCHEAN I RF I EF A U U I Ol DlS E T I FROM L -_ _- - - - ' pnIP UNGA C SUAJF CT REF S I F xe SPEF CHANN L RESPONS oJ EW B6 WOLFQ 4 I1'Z v0 RK 0 t 0 6 US POL CY N B STAT J SQ iii 2 I CHANNEL MESSA E CPEF A WAS VIE ED tN S p 5 P A P A O IO • AS YOU KNOW FROM REF CB THE ATIONAL FO nu r URRENT POI Ir Y 1$ H HU1 I NITA I4N NF E TO EN5UR THF ClURVtVAI OF TH HMER PEnpLE AND T E· PREVENTtON OF A OF STA IlIZIMG eeNFI eWrUL ' NnT TO BE REPROOU'CEO'WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF'THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 Department of State I NFI IIX OF EFUr EF S N C SSA Y Tn 9l 43 INT 'I THAILANO ONTINUE REL1EF liE ESTI ATe AS ISTANCE THAT n MAy FnR A RELATIVELY AonITlnNAL TXM£ EFORE AMPueHEA R ACH 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Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 _----_ ----- Department oj State OUTGOING TELEGRAM 1 • I ·I ----------------'------ ---------------- ' • I eeNFIr EUT lAL STATE f910 3 I ROROp R RF FlIGF E SI7 Al3l E PO T OtJ OF ANY R StOUAI • AS I TANr E DF VF R D TO TH eO DF R WOULD SUPPO r THOSE OIqEr TtV ENGAGF O IN RESI TANeE to THE I TNA E E • • ' d W HAvE SF EN F SPECI AI LV C R FI II TO rHuW SIofA P Dr s 1 TINCTlnN BF TWEF N SURVIvAL AS I$TANeE TO THe KHME PEOPLE' ANn· nEvEI OPMF NTAt AI reM IoJOUI D IRECTCV SUP ORT cnN •• sOl I ATI N·OF THF VIETNA ESE H N AMRrN p SrTJON tN KAMPUCHEA THF EPA TMENT HAS CI OSELY MONtTOR O V I AG APPI XCAT ONS FOR EMeAR O WAIVERS T SEND MAT R1ALS TO KA PUCHEA ANn Y N R Ce'NT 'MONT S '1AS JOINE O 4I 4P 'ReE AND TRF A U Y IN EJE T1N ANY APPLICATIONS rNVO V N APPA ENT LY Or VF L nP ENTAI pROJECTS H O lEVE WF f C NOT CONS IDE UR FonD ANO SF E AI TO Be nEVELOPMENTAL ASAISTANCE'-TO F L1 M TF T AA SUCH W ULO SE TO ATT MPT Tn E AT 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NTRn CAM ODIA' T ERE I NO V10r Nr E THEy AR S ECIALLY cnNeE NEO AaouT T E SURVIVAL of A HF AI THY · SELF-RF I U 'T I Hf1E R Pr lPULATTO THAT IS WHY n e'H FlnE JTU' I Nt'lT TO' BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRUARY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 --'- - I Dept1 rt ment Of State OUTGOING TELEGRAM eeNFleeUTUI STATE THP URV VAL C' 6 'Er T V OF THF t9l 43 H E HA ECOME AN YMPORTlNT us pnLlCV ' AS FnR TM E VXETNAM Se W ' ELI VF IT IS O E APPROPRIAlP TO APPl Y PQER5lJRE DI Er TLY TO VI iNAM THAN TO FU fl fER POLITICHE A HIJMANnARtAN I'IELIEF FFO T E A'PLE OF THI DIRECT P ESSURe AS lp pl En y THE U AN ITS AI LIES INCI UOE SIJSPE StON OF O l n A NK AND A IAN O V I OP ENT BANK CRF OtTS 0 V E'NAHf TERM NAT ON nF'JAPAN Se BtLATE AL AIOI THE 'nR ED IrH RAWAL OF vIETNA FROM CONSInE ATlnN FOR A MAJnR WFp p O • •rEr T A D VAfUOIlS OTH£R Et ONOMIC SA'NC'l'IONS SUr H M ASU E r O PLE olENT TI1E PnL XTICA ACnONS WE ARF TAI I 'G SUCH 48 ugpnRT FOR A RnAOENEO kHME ES%STANeE VeHF N1 CONTINUF O 6AC tNG OF OK S ATING t MULTtLAT€RAL OQG4N Z4TIONS TO P EvENT R CnGNtTloN OF HENG SAMPIN A O T E OVISION of Fnon SUPPI IF S TO ESISTANeE G OUPS AT T E T Ar 80ROER WITH RF GARO' TO SOMi M THE' OTHER POPJT VOIl MAKE WE ARF UNABLE Tn AGREE WITH vnUR AS ERTION THAT T E 01FF1r Ul T E N KAM Ur HF A ARts LESS FRO A RTFAI L TN nU S DF AS1'iI TANr E TIofAN FRr lM THE CONTINUED orsi oeATION CAllS Sy FI HTING B TWE N VTeTNAM S AN THe ijHNER FORCEs RE I TXN TH M THE CURRENT FtGHTJNG fS S A L S ALE AND tIMITEo TO N N FARMING AQEAS KAMPUCHeA'S BAS C PRoaLEH 'REMA1 N TO S1Ar E A COM 8ACK FROM THE RAVAG' O t9'8-7 N A Y EVENT WE wouLo NOT WANT TO CUT O F ALL FOO AIn TO THE KH E V N IF TH FIGHTING weR£ H VING • SFRtous flit THE VH'TNAME E W Li r ONTINI IE R StSTANC ANO THE ' RE l TAN E O P N S To OME O GREE UPON OUR ReL EF U PLlfg wE Cnul 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Tn 1 4 'PtfCHE4 SERIOUSl Y·DETRACTS Fl'OJof OE IOUReE FOR O E OtR SITUATIONS ELS W EqE onES NOT SQlJA E wn nUR EeEt Jr CONTRIStJT10NS TO AF leAN RELIF F OR OU ONT NtJEn T ONG SUPPO T F R P OGRAMS IN OTH R REGIONS UT IN A Y CftS THE TRAnE-OFF y U SUGGE T S M LV IS NOT PRACTlr Al AS l NC AS KHM R S VIVAL REMA N IofIt H ON THE LI T OF tiS INTF RF STS ANI OAJECTIVES AVAIl RL N CflNeLIIS ON T ofE OEPARTI'1F NT HAS r 3E N SPU R O' BV VOUR Tn TAKE ANOT ER Lno AT' THE PRoeE5S o MONITORING O I IvERlr S ANO THE POS IBILITY OF ETTER AnVF TISING SOVIeT AN vI TNAME E FAILU ES TO PLA A eONSTRUCT VE HUMANITARIAN ROI e IN I AMPllCIofEA we APF'RI C ATE Y 'lU RE 'A t '4J 1tCH HAVE HAn A r ONSTRIIC'PlVE EFFECT IN THE POI T CY Re vlr w P Or ESS F A Y N THt AO 'INIST ATION W IlE OUR APP OACH fOWA D KHMF R RF LYEF MAY NOT CONSTITUTE A P RFEr T POLICY wE CaN IoE T THE MOST SUITABLE FOR ATTAINI G OUR PMl T eAt ANn HU A II'T'ARI AN OBJECTIVES N CIIRRENT C Rr UHSTANCES S r O MF NTS r 1 ARt NnT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476400 Date 01 11 2018 I£CT ION vnCOpy ' Go U iii ffN-rl ffrift tAL 6E IN U 'DejJartnlent Of State 7163 AOS-OB B4I1 TELEGRAM II 14m • El'ECTlOIIS AIID PUBLICLY DECLARES HE IIIll STEP 001111 FROII OFFICE AI THAI TIME AHYTHIUG LESS IHAU IHIS 1I0ULD BE hORE IHAII A GIANI lEAP AllAY FADM IHE DEMOCRATIC PROCESS THAI liE SOPPOSEDl Y HOLD SO DEAR IHE USG SHOULD HAKE A CLEAR AUD PUBLIC SIATEHEIIT 10 IKE EFrECI IHAT 11£ 00 1I0T COIIDOIIE THE mF·IMPOSITIOII OF A'PRESIOENI 1 1 HAT liE IIOULO LIKE TO RECOGllllE AS A DEIlOCPATlC REPUBLIC BY FAIL IIIG TO 00 THIS V£ FORFEIT OUR RIGHT TO BE LEADERS OF IHE fR£ IIORLO IOD4 I ··················2$45S0 IUOIll 131 IHFO -OCI·OI GUATE 'I NCO MIN G ES·BI R LD2lalZ JOII 82 FH AHEMBASSY GUAIEHALA to SECSTAn IIASHOC 9457 COif r I e £ II J I A l GUATEMALA 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' I iP GARTEN - t '- S P OFP NBOYER · I J o' Cltt HANCES SIP 'Ot L _ -r-_- ---- L E A r AN ES Y I -------------------------------------------------- no UTINE r F_ _ Jloo MELBO UR NE ________ 1_·C'_ • $ _ _ _ _ _ _-- _i _- '_ f · A 'C_I E_S_ f I STADIS ' ' r J ISSENT_CHANNEL _ _ _ _ _ _ _ i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____Jl _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- lM A TAG S ELAB AS SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE -- 197b LABOR REPORT fOR AUSTRALIA REf fORI BBOURNE ---'I fROM L __ 11' i J 1 tc V 111 MLi AJ Jj '1 E O 116 52 N A I 7'1- l g 'JiN1 413 '1 5 --- ·86 1 - _ LAKE-SIP 1 - -__ 1 THIS ILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of YOUR DIISENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REQUESTrr G REDISGNATION Of CANBERRA A-3 'THE 1976 LABOR ----' LABOR REPORT fOR AUSTRALIA AS A DISJiENT CHANNEL MESSAGE Jooo----'-- HE AIRGRAM UHICH APPEARS TO BE YOUR MAIN »ISSENT MESSAGE HAS NOT YET REACHED THE DEPARTMENT FADRC 'HAS BEE REQUESTED TO CONSULT ITH THE POLICY PLANNING STAFf UPON ARRIYAl Of THE MESSAGE IQ DR'ER T6 DETERMINE THE APPROPRIATE DESIGNA TION WE ILL NOTIFY YOU AS SOOU AS THE DETERMINAT il'ION HA_S BEEN MADE yy i J • LIMITED OffICIAL USE '__ I a_ ---'-·-· -· · -··_- ------ r UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416985 Date 10 11 2017 - ' ' '- '-- - '---'--- I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431518 ' Date 11 13 2017 I I' L SiP D·Ji iIL£TI H 81 1' D ' ' t J2 2 11-''7-' 7 S f l L ' KE I _ SIP cr td RM I' SIP 9a '1 t ·1 s p- r DSnNNEY Jb ' tA-' ct o - -le ii' L Y I O UTr r • L A PAZ '- 'cr ' ' j St SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REF fOR 1 LA PAZ 8776 · I-_____ JI ff Or THIS L l1 L B6 UP-lAKE ACKNNlLEDGE ECEIPT 01'- JOUR lHSSENT n ANN L ME SAGE OF OCTOBE PU NNING S'fAFf HA 31 1977 MR CURTIS FAR AR OF 7 E POLICY iH EN nCSIG1JATED COORDINATOR J r CliM G ir A SIJ8STMiTIVE REPLY Ii l· C OKn Nc E WITH STIPULf Ti D ISSEi-iT CHMmEL REG JLATIOI S· YOUr i'iESS GE HAS' BEEN CII r ULATEr 'N 'l'iiE OFFICES OF THE SECf tTM ' THE D ECU'l'lVE ECR Tf Y ANi THE CHAIRM N Of THE orEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECREThRY FOR I n£i -t 'ii IU N Id- F r s liND TIiE ADi1J NJSTIU 'i' lf Cf THE AGENCY fOR r in NATI H AI DEVF L0PiiEi· T lclE OiHj i l ' IU USE OF TIlE DI SE tr CHMJl' EL j· D iIlL f ESP i· D AS r ot-1PTL ' AS PM U- i E TC -HE VIEWS YOU H iVr SUSf' ITTfj - '11 II • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431518 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445667 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART 86 Washington D C 20520 COMP' El M'fIAL February 25 1975 MENORANDUI1 86 TO FROM SUBJECT SIP - W nston Lord 6' Dissent Message Ethiopian Government Request for Additional Military Sales' This will acknowledge receipt of your issent memorandum of February 24 1975 Mr Herbert Spiro of the Policy Planning Staff has been named coordinator in charge of substantive response to your memo In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your memorandum has been sent to the officesof the Secretary the Executive Secretary and the Chairperson of the Secretary's Open Forum Panel We have also sent copies to the Assistant Secretary for African Affairs and as you requested to Mr Coote AF E Mr Finegold ACDA MEA ET and Mr Ladd PM SAS We commend your use of the Dissent Channel to give us the benefit of your analysis and will'reply as soon as possible to your concerns CONI If5EN'fIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445667 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C064'46018 Date 12 11 2017 a--'----------------------------------'------------------------------------ ------------- ·IRELEASE IN FULLI I I J TiU 22'-Forelgn Relations CHAPTER 1- JF FMl'ff IEI r OJ STATE • SUCcIiAPTf n A-Gt lI R 1 neg JOll _ PART 6-FREEDOM OF INFORMATION POLICY MID PROCEOURES • Miscellaneous Am'liHJments IDcppr1 mtn 1l1 II 6 8 IImls or ea Re 1cw an Inltlnl dl'nllll under G G b m n· be l'e j le$tE b e jie n l 'no submit ted the or l 1nl r tle lt fClI' a record 'fhe ro ' c ' IH rc n h' hc appell must· be fl qt C ' i r v ritln llhln GO dn 's o the emc t l t the oc- questcr Is Informed cl her il th3t thc ·cquest ls d m cd complctcl or 2 lh L all ft'cords whkh Ire bC ne rllml lell In fe pons to his rcqt est h bC'1 n re len ed Bnd he h3S becr ·so Infol'lT t'd Cbl The lPI l1 must b sent by ccrHlied nl 11 to the ASl'Oi51 l1lt S cre lI ' of • state or' PUblic AtTnirs C hn nn m COIl I 'I on Clnsj ifjeMiml policy O ' ll I t of State W I hlngton D C Cj20 'rile Lima tor decision 011 nlJ I i1 bc lnll un ihe datc the lI pe31 Is aeLua ll' re -eived iu the Office r the As sl lnt St'Cfctal Y Till TeCiues shall inch ce n sLlIlcmcnt or the' clrcumstllllceS r ' t'ns vr nrgumC lts adw lIced 101' 1n lstcnc c U l ln Citclosure 9f the t'1' chi illy fl' ' lIt r c ci rO ord 1nd a copy of thr Initial e JI l i lalLer ee The Council 011 CI ss fication 1'011Cy shall decide the pc31 heJ'e shall be a TJU cn NC lrd oC h re ons 01' the c1ecb lon 3nd t he Iews or C IICh member The 'd cislcm shall be t'c'm n Jnicntcd ill I 'rltlr g to the l't'l l csler ill n lettcr from t·he hssist mt Sccretm for Public Affnll s H the dl l s cm Is to wltllhold the letler 5h3 1 iurllliCy t Ia cl cmPtlon 0 e emptlons c J' -ised tier G 4 tile Tell50n ami I Ule Ct uncil Is p 'ei 'C d ' to ch'e further 'onsl l 'ntlc no l h­ standlnc -ml ' tion or tile tlr le nl1 l' lcd tor declsioll the lCHer 'sh 1I1 lit state and Jndlc 1le when lh tt c n jderatjon Is expect ed loU be completed _ ' - • - _____ __ • a -' - o r-- 'l'f _ - - - _ _ _ --_ - _ _ • _ _-l UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06446018 Date 12 11 201 7 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476325 Date 01 11 2018 INCOMING ' TELEGRAM rAGt el ACTIOil P- 2 Ollt INFO DCI-OO 214Gl or ot 91 COPY-OI IM'OO 121 1131 SSQ·cc ES'CI ID04 I ··················3H1H 2111111 III o 2lI11SZ SEP 2 ' FII l1WC SSY 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C975 CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 01 RELEASE IN PART ' U APEST 028355 43 0437 I CHANNf 1 11602 1 1 GOS 1 -- 5U SJ tC 1 D1 SSENT CHANNEL ME SSAGE HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY 1i 'THIS MESSAGE' TRAN MITs A UIS$ENT CHANNEL VIE POINT Of PULll'lCflL UfFlC R 'I I' HIE ORAFj't DOES NUT wISH TO R STRrCT I T 18UTIUN Of THIS MtSSA E - 1 @ I 86 2 UMHA Y THIS ME SAGE SUGGESTS THAfATBE SECRftARY OF ST IN A'M JO 5 tECH SHo0LO fOREtFULLY sP tIFY A WIDt'HANGE Of HtiMAN RIGhTS USG INTE r UPON AOVANCIN r AT THE SAME lIME S CRt r AKY i'iUULO' Ot fIN Tlit EXTENT USG' AtiLt USE TOOLS AVAILAoLI W ' • l@ ® j Tii Al cRICAh· FQREliiN PUL lCy TO AOVANCE TN bt HUMAN RIGHTS TriE SPEECh ouLU TTEMPT TO N CONCILE 00W-IDEAL GOALS WITH pRAcrICAL PUS5 dIL I1It S LEAVING WIDe ticua ti fUR u s ' ACTIONS SOPPORT Of HUMAN HIGHt ON THE ON ANU IT WOULD PRO lDE PHILOSOPHICAL RATIONALE AND U OtRPINN1N fOR SUPPORl OF SUCH' n Gr ouPS AS CHA TEF jlt NER ANt 'FOH VIGoROUS OIPL OI1ATIC CiMPAIGN fO IMPLEM NfATION U HELSINKI-fINAL ACT'BASKET - - III PRINCIP ES UN oTHER ANU BY SErTING LIMITS ON U S HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY IT WOUU A ATTEMPT TO AVERT SOY ItT REACTION T I RUMAN RIGHlS' MOVI M tNT WHICH COULU IMpoEo OETENTt AS LL AS SET BACK HELAiAtloN Of INTERNAL' CUN TROLS Of EAS T EUROi-'EAN ReG 1 MfS AND b - AVOI 0 GENERATING MisUNDERS1ANOINGS wiT REGAHO' TU OUR I ifNrIONS AMONG THE t ONrlDENrlAL • I 1 i - ' ' ti ' i J --- I--------_----------------------------------------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 _ _-----------------------Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 co 6 415 49 5 IED u s Department of State J ' - '1 J 0 i i i PAGE 0 vI RY J I i i I 2 C 0 l AL -CONf I DENT-I UDAPE 00437 1 Of 4 101627Z HUM AN 11 I GH1 S At Tl VIS 1 S 1' t ARE THY I N G TO SUP P0 RT• A-UISTINGUI5H NG CHAF ACrt RISTlC OF 1I l · qLICY STATeMENT WHICH IS uEING PROPOS D IN THlS tS5A E 15 THAT THE U S WOULD SET LINiT UN' II AC TIVe ADVOCACY uf HUMAN HIGHTS 'TrUll IS IT IQUL D LET-lT oE CLEARLy'UNOt SToOD USG WOLD NOr OIRECtLY THKE_'rtN ExISTING COMMUNiST NU OTHEH G VERNH Nts 6 INSISTJNG UPUNSUCH RI Hi 'A5 fR E ELECTIONS UNHESr I r o FRE OUM OF ASSEA LY ANU UNRESTRICTED RIGHT to'STRIKE AT-SAM rIME IT WOULD B cREDldC AND FORCEtUL INDICATION o G s INSISfENCE PURSUlfI1li Ft ASloLt' PT FE AS IdLE HUMAN -1 IGnTS GOA 5 HIL THlti ME5SAGt JS'W lTTEN PHIMARI Y wlTH PROBLEM OF HDMAN RIG rS IN COMMUNIST COUNT lES lij MJ D SECR rARY'S SPEECH DRAWING ON SAM PRINCI L S cou o de DRAFTED'SO AS- TO DELlNEAlE U S ATTIHliJE wiTh f t GAf U' To HUMAN ON ' @ · i r @ j R1GHTs EVeRYWHERE IN THE WORLD q - 1 SPeECH ON HUMAN HIGHTS E A PROPRIAT LV QUAClrrtO AND O VELUPEO Orc ORLOWIDl AI lDlt r-U E SHRET Af Y WOULD AhNOUNC U s I TENrluN TO ACTIVELY'E CUURAGE FOLLO ING FkEE UM O tONSClfNtEf FRE OOM FREt DOM of SPtECH- $Et PAR 4 HE I r N GR Al£R fR E00M fMOM POLICE TATE of H HOOS C UOING P9L CE 6RUT L TY N Iu TURE A 6 TRARY - t SE RcTARyIS CO'HILTME' T-Tb I'IU iAN RIGIiTS AND u t 'ul PRACTICAL MtASURES 0 HHING r E A OUl O LO oE-fu L POINT Of A M JOR POLiCY ADUR SS tiy SECRE·rA Y StCkeTARYIS SPfECH W ULO DRA ON IDEAS pDT FORWA U THl5 lECEGRAM wOU D N Eu ® WHICH IN LCJNG i-i fURMA r I PROPOSEU oUMMARv IU S 3 NO ® A REST AND FO C D EMl RATITN fREEDOM TU EMIGRATE THE RIGHT TO OiSSEMINAlIUN OF FOHEIGN NE S 'MATERIALS A O CESSATION OF jAMMlNG UF fOREIGN RADIO STATIONS'WHICH DO NGl LATANTLY ADVOC T A CHANijE Of OLltleAL YST M JNFlPt NTIAl ' fREtOOM TO 'tRAVEL ' fAM1L Y REUNIFICATlON - Gil ® P lVACY i @ ® if -'--' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 co 641549 5 IED u s Department of State Case No F- 016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 1 ' -' 1 I ' I ' - ' -- I CONfIDENTIAL I •••• • ' 1 BUO PE PAGE 03 437' 1 OF 4 I lH1627Z FOR FOREIGN JOURNALISTS THe HIGrlT TO PETITION FOR EXAM CE s EXE C1SED BY CMARTE '7-MEM6ERS RIGHT TO tXPRtS5 LAuok G IEVA CES £GAL-OuE p OCESS F UOM FHUM DlSCijl I ATlON ON GROUNUS RACE OR P LITICAL·VIE PUINT WITH R GA O TU A rl OF THESE R GNrS sEC ETAHY wOULU CALL ATIENTIUN-'O COMMUNISI ACC SS - SiiOH reOr-lINGS ANU URGE-R£FORN - SECRETARY WOULD LtAvt IT QNDERSTOUD THEM SECKE l'AKY· U E wuuLo f i i I j j HOWfVEN wHICH WOULD T AT USG hO L Not tOMMIT ITS R SOURCES-TO O -lN SU POHT OF ATTtMPTS 1u CHANGE·1HE B tiIC POLITICAL SYslE Of ANY OtHtij'cQu rRY INCL001NG COMMUNIsr-tuuNTRlcS WHILE USG' UU D R MAIN COMMITTE6 ru Irs OWN DEMOCRATIC IDEALS ANU CONTINGf To ARTICUCATE 4 I LAN UAG 'i l 1 1 1 MAKE IT CLEAR USG t'lUlJLD NOT USE Ii 5 PQWtR TO OEMAi O 1 1' ACTIVeL Y SuPP J T I'iITlilN F'ORt IGN COUNTRIES tA THE RIGHT TO OR ANIZE'A-pu ilICAL P KTY THE RIGHT TO VOlE-IN fR E-ELECTIONS¥ Cel TrlE RiGHT TO STRIKE WHEN IT IS ILLEGA AC OHOiN fU THe LAWS OF 'Tht CQUNTt-IY CONCEt NI O··i IR i'itiE N 1 T THREAT rJ ' rHt EX1SL TNG p0 rTICAL OH ECONOMIC UROEH D FHEtu0 -OF ASS M LY WhEN OIRECTEU TO AC OI1PLlSH tA 8 OR 'ce ABOVE AN'O i fREEI l'j M OF SPt Et t- WHEN 'DIRE CTt D rei ACCUPLISH A 8 OR C 'ABOVE BUT NOT RIGHT OF INI lVLUUAl TO SAY IN'PRIVATi CONV RSAlluN OR COHRESPO DtNCf- HATEVER HE Ci-i 0 0 S E 5 • - - - 5 THESE SELF-1HP05EU RESTRAINTS wOULD AMOUNT 10 AN AMERICAN UNUERT KrN NOT TO'D1R CTLY HA LENGE ALlfN PUL TICAL-SYSTEMS 'TU E PER elVfD AS A ING R AL r j i' l' 'I iI 1 MtAN LNG u s 'ACC PIANCE OF TH£SE RUL S-Uf BEHAVIOR SROULO BE-ARTICULAT O NOr VIA QUlfT OiPLORACY BUT POULICLY THE fI AL IH E LIMITATIU f WOULD PUT UPON OU LVES -A ABOVE COULO BE MOHE FELICITUU5LY PHRASEO • HOWEVER THt POINT sAuu o NOT E LOST tH T WE ACcEPT AS A U E OF BEHAVIDR I I I I I ONF I DElIiT A1 j 1 • ' I' • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641549 5 IED u s Department of State i ' • Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 ' J If t· I' t O F I i j' PAGE 04 • IDENTlAL BUUAPE 00437 l OF 04 hl1627Z t ' NUT TO rU'PERNIT-ACTrVITH-S UlloIt CTU THRtATENli-lG-THt CONI'INUED EX15rENC up T fl DWN GUVE NING SySTeM USG WOULD OF CUUI SE tTAHi lT KIGHT TO JuDGE 1t1 1 i CUNSTlTUEP II1REAf '1 • 7 G a lJ1 Uf ICIALLY SUPPORT ACTIV LY • UR ExptCT OTHER STATES TU'POlITI AL YSTEM ANO NOT CEDE THl S-JOOUI1t NT TU SlVETS ok OTHEHS IN ANY CAbE USG 0ULD tiy NO EAN5 E RtTREATING O HUM6N RIGHfS O I i Cl AR A fI UN YI i J UL j t THE CONTkARV THt UWP0SE OF A USG ANjj t t AND HUIi Af J RIG HT S OlRiCTLY NUW TH05E-cITEU PARA 3 AtiuvE auf INOI ECTLY OVEH LONG RWM PUL1TIC LLY stNSlrlVE H0MAN-HIGHTS AS WELL ' j 0 F AC1 LI rAn t' W - •• J ' I I Ij I I I j 'j '- - I i I ONfID£NTIA L ' l @ ' '- f ------------------------------------------- ---------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F- 916-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 r UNC SSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 l t i1E i1 tl i Il IlWbSti'f B Ik iJr #4 U t§ ' ' ' ' ' Qm' aJoo' aJU D ' ' ' rj ffi J t A ' ' RELEASE IN PART ' I 86 1 - r c I I -I CI SSIFICATION HAN01 ING MESSAGE REFERENCE NO COJ f'IfjEli ' E'IAL A-009 ' 'h'G v''' ArnEmbassy FROM E O 11652 TAGS SUBJECT B RIDGETOlAiN DATE I I In ' 1 _'v 0- February 14 1977 GDS U S Policy in the Eastern Caribbean II REF Caribbean Transition Paper ' _ _ _-J 1'- -7_--l ' j O J PT CISTRI9U ION RICINSI N 1ESSAGE FROM L I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 86 ---li SU @1ARY AND INTRODUCTI oN J' tu AFloRA BUR INR 10 PI R PM AIR ARMY L NEA REI' SCI GR AID CIA COM 000 DOT FRS HEW INT LAB NAVY NSA NSC OPIC STn TAl' THSV USIA The Caribbean Transition Paper notes upcoming corr plete independence for the five Associated states their serious economic problems terms them unviab1e ll economically and perhaps also politically and holds that we should minimize Cuban influence by Hour support for regional institutions and regional economic integration as vell as encouraging the British to remain the dominant regional influence The pape r states that we do not nml consider the Soviets to be seeking a military advantage in the are lbut that the Cubans in the short run can be expected tol xacerbate our problems There are in the drafting officer's view four principal problems with the Transition Paper as it applies to 'the ·small islands First it is incorrectly predicated on their unviability as fully independent micro-states Second ' it holds out the appealing but unrealizable promise of keeping the British politically and economically engaged in addition to increasing the ole of other aid donors like Canada Next -- and possibly the most important -- it proposes a our principal policy MEl GGESTEO I Department of State TO EB a OIS1'RIOUTION cmiFI6DN'fIAL IRAI TgO av 0R FTlNG OATEI PtiONE ECON I _ I'-ib ORId DS- t3 12 ' ----_ - 1 2 14 77 I No·1 CONTENTS I '---- - A _ Ccfi 9SI CATION APPROVED BV DCz I JNS'lrrUns 7 I -_ •• -- Io 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 Btn A-009 CONE'IDENI An 2 tool a continuation of USG support for economic regionalism a once promising idea that has simply failed Finally the per almost completely ignores increasing Cuban activit l in th'e area and lacks an assessment of Castro's future goals END SUHHARY 'AND INTRODUCTION- ice pp 2 4 the Transition Paper describes the 'Caribbean's future English-speaking mini States asl n­ viable 11 Tempting as it is to thus characterize resQurce-barren islands 'averaging 150 square 'miles ane 100 000 inhabitants use of tha't' adJective is 'a 'bas'ic and relevant inaccuracy The small islands - independent or not foreign aided or bankrupt - are not going to just disappear they nd their peoples will continue to exist Relevant questions are rather at vlhat level economically and under vhat political system But more important calling them unviable tends to perpetuate a long standing major error in our thinking about the Eastern Caribbean region It leads us to assume that since these small islands can't survive in a so itary state ' they somehmv 'lill be forced if not by reason at least from necessity to unite form a federation or jointly find refuge under the wing of a new protector This reasoning in turn supports our ell worn and comfortable but erroneous conventional 'lisdom regarding the region federation common markets increased regional cooperation political and economic are inevitable despite any short-term setbacks Unfortunately the trend is overvlhelmingly a'-lay from unity I cooperation or often yen plaip civi ty _ 12 tw een iS land leaders It is argued in the'paraqraphs be I 0 '1 that our failure to accept the exi'stence of this unpleasant situation entirely robs us 'of any realistic possibility of promoting 'lhat relatively minor' interests 'le have in the area Older perhaps than our misplaced faith in regional integration is our belief -- or t least hope -- that Britain will not abandon her Caribbean obligations page 5 However if Post reporting of the words of British officials in the area accurately reflect theirgovernment 1 s thinking C ONFIDEH' PIAL _----_ __ _- - ' - • - _ _ -- UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc- - -N-o -- C -- 0 - -6- -43 -1 - -9- -69- -- D-a-te- ' '1- -1 - - -13- -'-'20 -1- 7 1 r -- --- '-- _ _ - - - - - ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 Btn A-009 C01 11 I BEN' ' IAL 3 th United Kingdom is busily if not obviously extricat iug itself as quickly as is decentl Y7 possible from the relatively small $28 million annua ly but continuous financial drain involved Independence for the Associated States working level British officials assure us will not bring a cessation of UK aid Not immediately that is tbey a dd ''lith a 'r lry smile The' first paragraph on page nine reads tqe had made a deliberate policy determination that ve should keep the colonial pmlers saadled with full responsibility for their remaining Caribbean dependencies even after independence This V'as and still would be a neat trick if it lere possible It isntt and we should recognize and accept that fact The Canadians Their aid is primarily conscience money and has little if any ulterior security interest component But more to the point the level is fixed and even without increasing domestic problems there is no reasonable prospec for their upping the ante Other donors have and ·lill continue to appear but they will all succumb to tne convenience of using the COB a fact which will virtually guarantee that their aid will apply only with great delay and when finally effected ill do but little to meet the l e -gion s need for ne'i'l Jobs II I In concrete terms the support for regional econom c integration advocated by the Transition Paper means support for the Caribbean'Development Bank and CARICON The US has committed approximately $42 million to the COB since its organiz'ation in 1970 H m-lever a surprisingly small portion of those funds have been lent or othen ise ap'plied and it nO l appears that the CDB is receiving monies from several sources faster than it is able to lend already committed resources Yet we are programming still more loan funds AID's Inspector General is planning to formally question the idea of new loans to the bank at this time hmvever The' problem ith the CDB is more basic than its inability to move loan funds Beyond ·the problem of delays in lending the Bank is -rightly or wrongly -- seen by small isl nd leaders as basically unresponsive to their admittedly often poorly articulated needs Therefore our continued sole reliance on the Bank is seen by tnem as our basic non-response to requests for meaningful·assistance This perception has obvious political ramifications CONFIDEtt'fIA • ' N - S p m t a N- F 2016 3Do ' N Co64'31969 Date 11i13 2017' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 1 3 2017 -- --- -- -- -- ------- ---------- ---- ------------ - Btn A-009 4 COMF OEMTIAL CARICOM has not only failed to achi ve any visible progress tl Mard political integrati0n but its promising early steps to a rd economic inte gration are being eroded Barbados and Trinidad-Tobago are angered at Guyanese and Jamaican import restrictions and the small islands are now publicly complaining that the common market concept is a pure rip-off by the big four And· given the regional trade patterns they are correct It is sometimes argued that even wit the pessimistic prognosis for CARICOM there's no harm in o r continued support of it Our support once only moral is slated soon to be financial via AID loans for t ·l0 projects cqmmon services and the regional food plan Both projects make good economic sense but are destined to fail for poli icaI reasons No harm that is except wasted money and the much more serious loss· of the opportunity to successfully further our interests by acting differently and ''lith far more effective results Persisting in our policy of backing the elusive hope of regional economic and political integration as a solution to both the area's economic problems and our security goals is clearly convenient It does not require us to take into account new realities and admit that developments in the region have not unfolded as Ve once thought they ''lould Further it does not demand oJe attempt the presumably painful process of engineering micro aid programs for micro island states The present policy also unfortunately guarantees that 'va ·lill· stand no reasonable chance of realizing our admittedly negative security goals in the vacuum left by the departure of the British Cuban activities in·Jamaica and Guyana are obviously far more important than'the still minor efforts directed at he small islands Nonetheless Cuba's visibly increasing interest in the political vacuum caused by British steps to grant independence and retire should be recognized and assessed The Transition Paper gives the possibly unintentional impression that their activities are seen by the Cubans as having limited nuisance value and not designed to gain decisive influence or outright control of one or more small island governments This may v ell be the case but the question should be posed directly and an attempt made to anS 'ler it At least in the short term we can expect Cuba to exacerbate our problems yIith the Caribbean states is valid enough COtq'f'IBEN' 'Il' L - _- - - _ - uNcCAss·IFlEDU s D rt e- rt- fState-C seNo-'-i 2016 0774_f Doc No COE3431969· D·a'te 11 13 2017 - T-- 7-- ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 i • Btn A-009 5 CONPIDEN'f'IAL '1hen applie l to Guyana and Jamaica but for the smaller islandi Cuba will not exacerbate our problems it will - if it wishes -- rather create them And given the serious economic problems and our non-response to the islands' requests as well as the failure of regional institutions to act 'effectively the'Cubans face few if any s rious hurdles A Cuban attempt to transform one or more of the small islands into client states would cost little and could if successful go far to convince many that the historical tide is running in Cuba's direction This message has not except in the form of assertions presented evidence suppor ting its arguments that Britain has decided to call it quits that the level of actual inter-island cooperation is declining and that the present island leaders value personal power over the faded dream of federation or real regionalism That is to be found in the Post's past reporting Neither has it dealt specifically with the already independent states of Barbados or renada both of vhich present similar but also additional unique problems It is to be emphasized that these exceptions to the Transition Paper's analysis and ecomm ndations pertain only tothe small islands _ t e Easte n al i p eanJ p ot to the J arger states The usual Department response to dissent messages is not necessary in this case Instead it is requested this airgram be provided to those who received the Transition Paper CP BRITTON COMPIDENPIlH UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446548 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 CONFIDENTIAL S P RJNEITZKE BMH 6-14-76 S P JEFF X22 c na ARTEN S P RFEINBERG S P-OF-GFOX SIP ONLY BUENOS AIRES ROUTINE DISSENT CHANNEL FORiL-_ _ _ _ _--' FROM S P-GARTEN ACTG 86 JG RJN GF 0 llbS2 N A TAGS N A RFIL SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESS'AGE I 1 T HIS ILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE PROPOSED VISIT TQ WASHINGTON BY ARGENTINE' NAVY JUNTA MEMBER AND CINC MASSERA DATED AUGUST 11 MR RICHARD FEINBERG OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFf HAS BEEN DESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION PROCEDURES AND YOUR EXPRESS WISHES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFfICE'S OF THE SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN fORUM THE ASSISTANT SECREJARV fOR INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY fOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AffAIRS CNO AND USCINCSO WE COMMEND YOUR USE Of THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED • YY CONFIDENTIAl L - - - --------- ---- ---_ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • __ • _ _ 0 ______ • _ _ - - - ___0_- ___ ___ __ _ _ _ • • 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ '0 _ _ _ ••• UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446548 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN PART 861' - I I I - OUTGOING THEGIIAM C' I' O p ' I ' l t IClr '1 - -v CH4R S __ - - -- - IoE Jt Qrt rl1 AIl E'R A II ANC ES E uJ E V R C 'B -- - ••••• _ - 1 1 ARS 6N 400mm IlIfO 40CUSSES DI SS ENT CH AmJE L_ 'DISSENT CHANNE L _ _ TAG S ---P-f SUBJ E T • REF c I 0 ' 'T 0 ' - 4 I DECL OADR _ rl r • 'tIL 'fI tS ----- --- --' -- - -- 1- - Sl 18 SS i-- _ _ • JA 'JA' b • · ·· WARSAW 10656 THE CENTRAL QUESTHHJ PO SED BY YOUR CRITIQUE IS WHETHER POLAND IS MORE LIKELY TO MOVE TOWARD LIBERALIZATION AN PLURALISM IF WE PLAY ot POLISH VULNERABILITIES OR If WE EXPAND DIALOGUE AND COOPERATION WITH THE WARSAW REGIME· THIS IS NOT AN EASY QUESTION IN YOUR VIEW A SANCTIONS P'OLICY MAY FOR A TH1E PROVIDE A NECESSARY • PK· i JR ·· IftfRF DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE POLAND THAN YOU'FOR 2 BEGIN TEXT DEARI YOUR DISSENTING VIEWS ON US POLICY TOWARD POLAND WHICH HAVE BEEN WIDELY CIRCULATED AND READ WITH INTEREST I AM WRITING TO' OFFER yOU THE DEPARTMENT'S THHJKUJG ON THE ISSUES YOU RAISE AS YOU KNOW LECH WALESA'S RECENT STATEI'lENTS HAVE MADE THESE THE FOCUS OF A POLICY REVIEW 3 i I ci - ' 'TH' L-I · J Jt Re' _ c i -- I· 6 f 1 FOLLOWING IS REPLY OF STEPHEN W BOSWORTH CHAIRMAN OF SECRETARY'S POLICY PLANNING COUNCIL TO 1 lSSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE Of I I REf TEL RESPONSE HAS BEEN CLEARED HI P EUR EB AND HA 5 frf lfoJ 'lfCfOEN' r ·O -i23Sb 0732A N ME S P P KAPLAN • 7Hid'CFAIRBAtiKS 6p D loHNSON CLEARANCES - pl l J DESIRED OISllllUTlON -- -_ N SiP 'JAtRAEL J f- ot ·J EIti E FTS 0N INr O mu O R H'·y ZE z lf '1 OTC S·ip· SSEST ANOVICH JH 1 2 16 83 -E XT -21% 4 ' r _ _ -SIP· SWBOSWORTH INFO • r -- •• c _ t 5'0111 - - · 't'T· CI ' J7 J - 1 ' • · · I I -- II 86 I eOIJFIBEffTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 E6r1FHEHiIAL 2 SYMBOL OF AMERICAN OUTRAGE BUT IT HAS LITTLE CHANCE OF ACHIEVING LONGER-TERM OBJECTIVES TO SOME EXTENT THEN YOU AND WALESA APPEAR TO AGREE ACCORDINGLY f YOU PROPOSE TO REPLACE IT WITH A STRATEGY Of UEAKENING U DERMINING AND SUBVERTING THE GQP VIA MAXIMUM CONTACT WITH THE WEST ANY POLICY TOWARD POLAND HAS TO BEGIN' WITH RESPECT FOR THE LIMITS Of US INFLUENCE WHICH ARE VERY FORMIDABLE WHETHER WE ARE OFFERING INDUCEMENTS OR APPLYING PRESSURES IN OUR VIE AND SEEMINGLY IN YOURS THE JARUZELSKI REGnlE CANNOT BE PERSUADED EXCLUSIVELY BY CARROTS TO SHARE POWER ITH THER SECTORS OF POLISH SOtIETY COMMUNIST STATES AS YOU KNOW HAVE ENORMOUS RESOURCES FOR CONTROLLING THE ADVERSE INTERNAL CONSEQUENCES OF EXTERNAL INFLUENCES TO TAKE YOUR OWN PROPOSAL IMF MEMBERSHIP fOR POLAND WOULD CERTAINLY LEAD TO PROTRACTED IN-DEPTH DISCUSSIONS AMONG FINANCIAL TECHNICIANS BUT HAT EFFECT CAN ONE SOBERLY CLAIM FOR SUCH DISCUSSIONS IN POLISH SOCIETY AT LARGE OUR ECONOMIC DISCUSSIONS 11TH THE GOP IN L98L AnD THOSE OF WESTERN BANKS AS WELL VIVIDLY DEMONSTRATED THE NATURE Of THIS PROBLEM AT A TIME OF MUCH GREATER OPENNESS AND PERMEABILITY IN THE POLISH SYSTEM THAN WE WILL SOON SEE AGAIN ON THIS 'POINT WALESA WAS VERY ACUTE AS Of TODAY THERE ARE NO CIVIC ENTITIES TO GUARANTEE THAT WESTERN AID WOUL» HAV£ THE DESIRED IMPACT AT THE SAME T ME YOU ARE DOU8TLESS RIGHT THAT A POLICY OF UNRELENTING PRESSURE WILL NOT ACHIEVE OUR GOALS EITHER PRECISELY BECAUSE THE POLISH REGIME REMAINS POLlrICALLY ILLEGITIMATE AND FACES A CONTINUING ECON MIC CRISIS PROBLEMS THAT IT CAN HARDLY HOPE TO SOLVE UITH MOSCOW'S HELP ALONE WE NEED ro HOLD OUT A SET OF CARROTS THAT THE POLES CAN REACH THROUGH INCREMENTAL PROGRESS INTERNAL STRAIUS COULD WELL LEAD THE POLISH REGIME TO CONSIDER MOVInG GRA»UALLY fORWARD AS LONG AS WE DO NOT RELIEVE ECOUOMIC AND POLITICAL PRESSURES WITHOUT POLISH RESPONSIVENESS TO OUR CONCERNS THIS COMBINATION OF PRESSURES AND INCENTIVES IMPLEMENTED IN A PHASED MANNER IS THE ESSENCE OF THE ADMINISTRATION'S POLICY TOI ARD POLAND AD IE IUJI 'ft n fA 1'1U lttft __ D'lnrSIS 11WI O P 1 APPEAR TO fAVOI OUR PRESENT VIEW THEN TAKES FOR GRANTED THAT INCENTIVES AND INCREASED CONTACiS CAN BE A USEFUL TOOL AT THE SAME TIME II BALANCED ND EFF ECTIVE - -- - - ESNIfUEP4TIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 D te 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 1 ·' • 'G C9NFHCPITIAL •• I 3 POLICY THAT MAKES USE OF THEM MUST ALSO REFLECT SEVERAL IMPORTANT CAUTIONS FIRST E MUST BE CAREfUL THAT THEY SUPPORT RATHER THAN UNDERCUT VOICES fOR CHANGE INSIDE POLAND ALESA'S PRONOU CEMENTS MAY PROVIDE AN OPPORTUNITY FOR WESTERN POLICIES TO STRENGTHEN HIS POLITICAL POSITION AND THE PRESIDENl HAS PLEDGED TO RE-EXAMINE THE SANCTIONS WITH THIS IN MIND YET JUST AS CLEAR IN WALESA'S REMARKS WAS HIS CONCERN THAT OUTSIDE AID WILL REDOUND T6 THE GOVERNMENT'S ADVANTAGE· SECOND HOWEVER USEFUL AN EXPANDED US PRESENCE IN POLISH SOCIETY MAY BE WE SHOULD NOT EXAGGERATE ITS IMPACT BECAUSE POLAND IS RULED BY A DICTATORSHIP HOSTILE TO US US INFLUENCE WILL ALWAYS BE RESTRICTED BUT BECAUSE POLAND IS AT BASE A 0ESTER SOCIETY INTERNAL PRESSURES FOR REFORM WILL NOT CEASE HOPES FOR LIBERALIZATION THEREFORE DO OT REST ON OUR SHOULDERS ALONE THIRD orl THE ECONOMIC PoINTS YOU RA SE LET ME r·JOTE THAT YOUR °MAXIMIZING APPROACH IS POTENTIALLY QUITE COSTLY AS YOUR'INF SUGGESTIOMS INDICATE TO MAXIMIZE CONTACTS ALSO COULD MEA TO INCREASE BILATERAL AND MULTILATERAL RESOURCE COMMITMENTS GIVEH THE STATE Of THE IMF AND THE GRO NG CLAIMS MADE ON IT BY GOVERNt'lENTS FRIErIDL Y TO US ACCEPTANCE OF POLISH MEMBERSHIP WOULD HAVE TO BE SEEN AS A MAJOR STEP IN NEED OF VERY CAREFUL DISPASSIONATE JUSTIFICATION AND GIVEN THE DISARRAY IN GOP ECONOMIC POLICY AND CONTINUING SOCIAL TENSIONS NEU FUNDS COMMITTED BY THE WEST WOULD ARGUABLY BE WASTED· IT ILL NOT BE ENOUGH TO SAY THAT POLAND NEEDS HELP SO DO MAHY OTHERS UHOSE WILLINGNESS AND ABiLITY TO MEET FUND OBLIGATIONS ARE MORE CLEARLY ESTA8LI HED AND PERHAPS MOST IMPORTANTLY THE CHOICE OF A POLICY TOWARD POLAND HAS TO BE JUSTIFIED WITHIN THE COUTEXT OF OUR POLICY TOWARD EASTERN EUROPE AS A WHOLE • YOU BELIEVE THAT OU SANCTIONS POLICY PRODUCES PUBLIC CONFUSION HERE AT HOME ADMITTEDLY IT HAS INVOLVED CONSIDERABLE CONTROVERSY AND CRITICISM FROM MANY QUARTERS YEr THE LONG-TERM CREDIBILITY OF OUR »IFfEREN IATION POLICY AND WHATEVER PUBLIC SUPPORT IT CAN COMMAND REQUIRE THAT UE SHOW RESULTS EITHER IU FOREIGN POLICY INDEPENDENCE OR DOMESTIC LIBERALIZATION WHEN WE CHOOS TO DIFFERENTIA E IN FAVOR OF A MEMBER OF THE SOVIET BLOC BY THISSTANDARD POLAND'S RECENT HISTORY CALLS FOR A VERY fIHALLY I I ceNFHCNTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 ' ' ' t • • 'I - 0 ' € NFnENTIAL II 4 CAUTIOUS US POLICY OUR ABILITY TO FAVOR HUNGARY AND ROMANIA -- OR fOR THAT MATTER YUGOSLAVIA -- DEPENDS OH PRESERVING THE DIFftRENCES BETWEEN OUR POLICIES TOWARD THEM AND THE OTHER STATES Of THE REGION TO DO OTHERWISE WOULD E GENDER PUBLIC CoNFUSION ON A SCALE WE HAVE NOT SEEN IT WOULD ALSO SEND A CONFUSING MESSAGE TO OTHER EASTERN EUROPEAN GOVERNMENTS ABOUT HOW SERIOUSLY WE TAKE OUR OWN POLICY LET ME TURN NO TO SOME OF YOUR SPECIfIC CONCERNS ABOUT RECENT US DECISIONS ' I fIRST YOU fELT THE MODIFICATION OF SANCTIONS SHOULD HAVE BEEN fASTER· BROADER AND MORE COMPLETE AS A PRACTICAL MATTER r BELIEVE THE REAL ISSUE HERE IS NOT aUITE AS GREAT AS YOU SUGGEST TH DECISION TO BEGIN RESCHEDULING DISCUSSIONS WITH p6LAND BY ADDRESSING THE STATUS OF THE 1981 RESCHEDULING AGREEMENT AND SEEKING REPAYMENT OF ARREARAGES UNDER THAT AGREEMENT IS THE VERY STEP THAT OTHER OFFICIAL CREDITORS IN THE PARIS CLUa HAVE WANTED US TO TAKE FOR AN ENTIRE YEAR WE AND THE OTHER GOVERNMENTS AGREE THAT THIS IS THE PROPER POINT OF DEPARTURE BEFORE ADDRESSING THE RESCHEDULING OF 1982 OR 1983 DEBT OR THE MUCH LARGER ISSUE OF POLAND r S FINANCIAL TIES WITH WESTERN GOVERNMENTS THESE ISSUES ARE STILL AHEAD OF US ALTHOUGH POLAND'S LIMITED ABILITY NOT TO SPEAK OF WIL INGNESSJ TO MEET EXISTING OBLiGATIONS MAY PROVE AN UNAVOIDABLE OBSTACLE TO ADDRESSING THEM IN ANY MUTUALLY SATISFACTORY AY IN THIS SITUATION ANY PR6pOSAL TO JUMP QUICKLY ACROSS SEVERAL STAGES OF THE PROCESS TO THE ISSUE Of NEW CREDITS OULD FACE MAJOR PRACTICAL OBSTACLES NO MATTER WHAT THE PREFERENCES OF THE USG WERE FOR THIS REASON THROUGHOUT OUR LONG POLICY REVIEW NEW CREDITS WERE NEVER CONTEMPLATED AS A FIRST STEP TO BE GRANTED IN RESPONSE TO THE VERY SHALL ·MEASURES TAKEN BY THE POLISH GOVERNMENT OUR ALLIES HAVE NOT PROPOSED THAT E DO OTHERWISE AND fEW SEEM LIKELY TO DO SO THEMSELVES THERE IS UNDERSTANDAB E CONCERN fROM SOME Of THE SMALLER LEADERS WHO WANT ACTION ON MORE RECENT CREDITS BUT THERE HAS BEEN NO RENEGINGn ON THIS POINT BY THE US I THIS HARDLY MEANS HOWEVER THAT OUR RES HEDULING DECISION O ERS POLAND NOTHING WHILE T E WARSAW GOVERNMENT MAY VOICE GREAT AND LOUD DISSATISFACTION THER CAN BE NO DOUBT THAT IT EXPECTS THIS STEP TO BE -' €6PlfnENTI L _ • I' t f UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 -- -- -- -- - --_ # -' - _ I r o Jr •• --- - ------------- --- -- '--- - -- ---- E' tr ' 'i r E9 PI FI H tJ TI A L 5 THE BEGIN ING OF A RETURN TO NORMAL FINANCIAL DEALINGS WITH THE WEST AS SUCH POLAND'S RELATIONS WITH WESTERN COMMERCIAL BANKS WILL EVENTUALLY BE MADE EASIER AND ITS CHANCES OF GAINING PRIVATE CREDITS WILL GRO THIS IS HOT AT ALL AN INSIGNIFICANT INCENTIVE AS FOR THE LESSER ISSUE OF FISHING RIGHTS COMPLAINTS ABOUT OUR ACTION WERE AGAIN THE PREDICTABLE POLISH PROPAGANDA RESPONSE BUT NATURALLY WE DO NOT TAKE SUCH PR ESTS AT FACE VALUE THE GOP IS ENTIREL FREE TO OPEN DISCUSSIONS ON JOINT VENTURES AND FORMALLY TO REQUEST A QUOTA IT WILL DOUBTLESS CONTINUE TO DENOUNCE US AS -IT DOES SO IN SUM OUR POLICY IS BASED AS I HAVE SAID ON A NECESSARILY CAUTIOUS STEP-BY-STEP APPROACH WE HAVE DISTINGUISHED 8ET EEN SHORT- AND LONG-TERM GOALS AND EXPRESSED OUR READINESS TO RESPOND TO REAL IMPROVEMENT INSIDE POLAND WITHIN EITHER TIME FRAME THERE IS NO CERTAINTY OF EARLY RESULTS THE MOST SUBSTANTIAL BENEFITS'WE CAN CONFER ON POLAND DEPEND ON WHETHER SUBSTANTIAL 8ENEfITS ARE CONFERRED ON THE P LISH PEOPLE UNTIL THEN IT IS NOT OUR CREDI iLi Y BUT THE POLISH GOVERNMENT'S THAT IS AT STAKE AS CAUT OUS AS IT IS HOWEVER I DON'T BELIEVE OURS IS A POLICY OF DESPAIR AND I WOULD ENCOURAGE YOU NOT TO SEE IT IN THIS LIGHT EITHER YOU ARGUE THAT CONIUTIONS IN POLAND TODAY ARE BETTER THAN BEFORE AUGU'st 1980 FRANKLY MY OWN VIEW IS MORE SKEPTICAL AFTEk ALL IN AUGUST L980 THE CREATION OF SOLIDARITY AHD 'THE FERMENT THAT WENT WITH IT WERE POSSIBLE THEY O NOT SEEM POSSIBLE TODAY OR TOMORRO YET IF YOU ARE RIGHT THEN IT STRIKES ME AS PERHAPS TOO CATEGORICAL TO SAY THAT US POLICY IS NOT ORKING WHICHEVER OF US IS RIGHT OUR TIME-HORIZONS CANNOT BE SHORT IN A CASE Ln E THIS V' ' • NOT EVERY DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE AS YOU CA PROBABLY IMAGINE STIRS REAL DISCUSSION AMONG THOSE WORKING ON THE ISSUE IT RAISES YOURS DID A N lH APPRECIATED HEARI G YOUR VIEWS SINCERELY STtPHEN W BOSWORTH END TEXT - yyy I' C9HFIBEHTIAL _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 - ---- C06416991 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416991 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED PA Fl 1 • ' MEL130U 00413 CFrXCIA us 3Me4i ACTION 9P 02 H FO tJCT 01 E9 01 i Q @ _ ••••••• ••• ········2 0e2a R 24006 Z FEa FM AM O SVL MELBOURNE TO e CSTATE WA HOe 3790 LiMITEO C FICiAL USE MELBOU N€ 4i3 DISSENT CHANN I o 1ie 2 NA SU8Ja DISSENT CHANNE MEaSA E lsie LABOR REPORi OR AUSTRALIA iHia 1 68AAE tRA 5 Iia Dis8ENT CHA NEL vi pbI T O nc -L----- - - __ __ c_-- _ _ __ 0l I TIC A 0 II' i1 R Mel 0 RNe I _ -- -r - ---c---l 1 u sn THAT 8 e QIFIT Z9UTE COPIES 'lOT ONLY B6 jo BE L BiED ON PAGE o yEPT'S A-a0 6Ui TQ sn 1 MR DONAL9 e HAR IS· F-A RA ANn CHRrBi PHER A SQUIRE EA A P Wi QALE GOOO H 2 EM 8 ASS if i CAN SER A HAS EAoe IN PART AS euaMI ' T D A 3 OoAT E0 FE·8 UARY 16 i ' WHI FoLLowei liTHE FolL bWU 1 1916 L A 3QR R PORT FOR lveT U U WAR rlRITTEN ay I POL ITICAl OFPICER I _ AND s F IN FORW ROEO TO T E DEPARTMeNT WITHQU • AMENOMENT AT HIS tNSIAT NCE TM o tTteAL $ECTJ O THE ECO llOt IC SEcnON TIolE OEIDUTV r HtE OF MUSIQN ANO I HAV REVIEWEO THxe EPO T A O co MOT CONCUR I MANY _ OF ZTS ASFECTe AND INTERPRE TIONS W FINO XT AeICALLY A oualo e A A Y5IS TENOENT cye_ANo IN aOME IN T NCES FACTU LLY ERRON OUS E DO OT THINK XT IS 4 US FWL O ACCU8ATE A SES MENT QF T E_AU5TR LIAN LA OR iC NE THE EMBASS S VIEWS OM TH 1976 AUSTRALIAN Aeo sCENE LIMITeD nFpICI L USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416991 Date 10 11 2017 IB6 'C0641699r1ED u s Department of State I U Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416991 Date 10 11 2017 urr IA uo p j ril I l PAGE ' ' d 9 • 2 ARE CONTAINED IN AIRGRA A 01e OF EB UARV ie 19'7 HARGROVEiI 3 OR RE SO S wHic FoLLOW u Poe o THie ME S G IS TO R QUEST T AT SUSJ CT REPORT e MESSASa UPON ARRIVAL IN D PT t REO eIGN TEO DI SENT CH NNEL till· • • A AGRE M NT I THOUGHT f HAO WITH PuLtTJC L COU SeLOR IN CANeERRA 'REA HEO IN TELEPHQN CO V RSATION WA THAT EM84S$Y HAVI G O JNO tACCOROING To OLITIC AL COUNSEI O J THAT MY ANNUAL LABOR R PORT C NT IN FINAL rORM TO C NeERR FROM MEI BOUR El CQNiAINEO ERRORS _WOULD UND TAKE TO COgRECT ERgO S IN COVERING AIRGRAM AND SUBMIT EPORT AS NCLOSURE TO COV RING AI GRA a IN ciRCUMSTANC S FLATLY STATtNG AS A 3 DO S TRAT 1 I ISTED TH T e a S$Y SU9 I g PORT WIT OUT CHA S COMPLETE V MlS SPRES NTS MY P OSITION W Ie i IHS T 'lAt • _IF R PORT_CbNTAJNEO E RORe I HAD NO OBJECTION H TSO VER TO EMBASSV IDENT FYING AND CQR ECT tlG THEM VIA COVgR NG AIRGRAM C HAO i fAKE POSIflON WHi H A 6UGQ 6TS i W00L HAVE RESORTEO TO OISSENT C NNEL_MQNTHI AGO CSINCE N U L REPORT AS OUE I WASHINGTON FEaRU R 1 HAD t LEARNEQ ARLIER THAN t QlP THAT e B SV WAe SXTTING qN REPORT E O NG _ PREPA ATION O COUNTER EPooT I WOULD HAVE RESO TEO AT ONCE TO D S NT CHANNEL O UNFO TVNATE Y HOW V R T NO TIME OVRIN 'MO TH IN QUEstioN 010 E BAS$Y AQV SE E THAT IT WA PLANNX G TO SUBMIT MY REPORT UNgE COV OF COUNTgY TEAM REJECT O LTP T NO TI E OVRING MONTH N QUfeT N 010 MBAeSY AO IeEME T AT IT WAS PREPARING ITS OWN COUNT R-REPORT PO ITICAL COUNSEI OR OID NOT TELEPHO E M TO L T M KNOW W A WAS GOING O WNTIL FEBR4ARV 17 tMY PORT_W 8 DAT D_J NUARY 17 AND DID NoT GET COpy OF COU TER RepORT TO ME UNTIL FESRUAqy 22 LIMIT O OFFICIAL USE - LIMITED OFFIciiL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416991 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416991 IED - Date 10 11 2017 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0 743 Doc No C06416991 ' z- · -' ril I' J I LIMITED OFF CIAL USE t lil q PAGE 03 _HAVINQ - I · 'II OW EAD COU TER R ORLI HAVE_NO C HO P BUT 'TO CQNC UO THAT E 8 sSy'a OeJ CTION TQ W AT I PRE A EO STE S • E peIMARI Y fRO OISAGREEMENT_ XT BTAIN CONQLU QN§ PT WITH ANY MISSTATEMENTS F7AC _ CWHI l h_WHATEV R Ttl Y IGHT HAVE 8g N CR LQ AV EEN O A T tTfoI eA l V NQ P O Pt I Y tN • PRIGINA · GRE O uPoN eOVEBI G AtRgRAMl • T I EtNG CASE I M ·F Q%NO n DIPrICVLT TO AC OUNT -r O 1 5M9A 8Y ' 9 eA% UR 'TO C TICfZE CONCLVSION Exp R seER N OTH RwREPgRTS 1 H VE PREPAR O _ NCEI AeT _M4RC H7ESPgCtAL 1 Y- UNC ANNU I SUMMARY • DOES L t1T MORe THAN R RfAP NO CONF -IRM CONCLUSI ONS REACHED Af JQ e PQRTXNG D JR G 19 B E EADIN QTHER 8EP'0RT§ WIL I BEAR OUT· THIS TATE NT • E D UaERS OF COUSSE WIL L JUDGE FOR THEMSEL EVES W Iq OF Twg REL IABLE PERCEPTIVE AND - - - ANNU REPORj8 USEFUL oI V _ J IS MORE COMPI ETE - I I f AS l gE IT R£SPONSI6 IL TV OF L BQRlPQI TICAL Q F CER IS TQ -CAL L THEM AS_ HL ee S TtjE ESP C AL L ' IF _ a IS CAC ING 'THEM FROM GEOGBAPHI AL L OCATION OTHER T AN C API AL CITY V UEMOe_bA OR POkJrrCAL OFEI ES IS TH T E EN F HIS OFFtCE IS P YSICAL L Y L QCATE D 'EM A SY He vI wa OEVE OPMENTS F80M OIFFER NT EE8SP CT1VE NQ S OFTeN IN p o r ION TO _ PROVIO CONTRABTIN ceUT ·NOT ECESSARIL V INVAL IO' I SrG TS I T RPREATI NS • IT E M§ rb ME TH T E BASSy po T CAL A D ECO OMIC OFFIC RS HAVE ME E OPPORrUNITIES o PR SENT • T E R VIEW A D INTERPReT TAQ S WIT TUT 9EING SgCONO GUES Ea BY A Os o I Ea AND THAT LAeOR QFFICERS S Ou p HAVE SMI XAR OepORjUNIT% S IT GOES ITHO T SAYI G OF CQUSSe THAT NO AND OFFICER SHO O INFORMA nON BE PERMITTEO TO SUBMIT OEMONSTRA I ERRONEOUS 4 tN viEW OF FOREQOI G I WPULO L KE TO UR g T Af eROvI§ION MADE ON AGENOA O' FO THCOMING AeoR RFFICE O R NCE I _ EW QE HI OR DI$CUS ION·OC ROLE O LAaO QLITtICA OFFICERS IN LIGHT BRAN OF PERI NCE OF PAST • 1 tMtil ' I P ' ' ' SEVERAl YeARS -- I LiMITED OFfICIAL USE wo- MELBOU 0 413 - I NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416991 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 705 5 IEDU S Department of State f l § ifKl - -_ ' -------------------- Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417055 Date 10 11 2017 DE PA RT ME NT 0 F STAT E J W shlnillon D C c 20520 ' y 'lID June I 1977 OFFICIAL-INFORMAL LIM ITED OFFICIAL USE 86 RELEASE IN PART American Embassy Jidda 86 Dear Mr Eblan I think you deserve a word of explanation for our long delay in responding to your dissent 'message on terrorism sent last February As you know from oui acknowledgme t I am the coordinator for a reply We have been trying manfully 'to get a reply to Ambassador Porter I s 'earlier message of January 25 and then we thought we would try our hand at a reply'to you Not having succeeded in answering the Ambassador we are not getting very far in answering your message The terrorist experts are going to talk to Ambassador Porter thls week when he is in the Department We are 'about t9 undertake a review of terrorist policy and the ideas which you and he have sen us will naturally be considered Your'9wn interest in protecting Foreign Service personnel is of 90urse a major priority in our consideration although exactly qow we do this in a new policy remains to be workeq out - ' -This is not an official reply to your rnes age but you will be receiyin 6n in due course I thought you would like to know-that· although the Department is slow i t' rarely for ge'ts Sincerely Richard B Finn Nember Policy Planning S aff '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417055 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc-N'o C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 - to •• RELEASE IN PART 86 ' LIMITED OFFICIAL US E S P lJGARTEN X-21494 9 23 76 S P RBARTHOLOMEW ARA LA CEN MWEISSMAN AID LA CEN ECARTER S P NBOYER SIP ONLY ROUTINE GUATEMALA ROUTINE TEGUCIGALPA DISSENT CHANNEL ROBERT SHULER ONLY FO E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR 86 SUBJECT REPLY' TO DISSENT MESSAGE OF· I' - - -_ _ _ _ _---1 REf AIRGRAM A-22 DTD MARCH 29 1976 WE SINCERELY REG'RET THE DELAY IN RESP·ONDING TO YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SUMMER 'VACATIONS AND PERSONNEL TRANSFERS INTERRUPTED 'THE INVESTIGATION PROCESSES IN ADDITION THEY CAUSED CONSIDERABLE DELAY IN THE CLEARANCE P 0 CED UR _ ' j ' 1 ·i j t 1 ' 2 IN YOUR MESSAGE YOU DESCRIBE THE HONDURAN AGRARIAN REFORM LAW AND AID'S SUPPORTiNG ROLE IN THE HONDURAN PROGRAM YOU RAISE ESSENTIALLY TWO MAJOR ISSUES -- YOU SUGGEST THAT OUR FOREIGN ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS BE SCREENED THROUGH FORMAL JUDGMENTAL CRITERIA BASED UPON US POLITICAL-ECONOMIC PHILOSOPHY - YOU ALLEGE THAT AID'S SUPPORT OF AGRARIAN REFORM IN HONDURAS HAS HAD A DEBILITATING EFFECT ON p RIVATE OWNERSHIP VIS-A-VIS STATE OWNERSHIP'1 AND 'HENCE IS 'NOT COMMENSURATE WITH US INTERESTS 3 WE WILL ADDRESS EACH POINT IN TURN L LIM ITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLA SIFIED - -1 % ' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 - _-------------------- -------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 - LIMITED OFfICIAL USE I 2 FIRST CONCERNING fORMAL JUDGMENTAL CRITERIA WE CAN DISCUSS THIS SUBJECT ONLY IN PRINCIPLE SINCE YOU DID NOT PROVIDE A PROPOSED TEXT OF ANY SPECIFIC CRITERIA NEVERTHELESS 'THE fOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT 'DOES CONTAIN CONSIDERABLE GUIDANCE KS TO THE ·DIRECTION OF OUR fOREIGN ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS FOR EXAMPLE PARTS OF IT MANDATE A CONCENTRATION ON ASSISTANCE TO THE RURAL POOR AND ON SPECIFIC SECTORS SUCH 'AS AGRICULTURE EMPHASIZE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR ENCOURAGE THE· DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATIVES CALL FOR 'SUPPORT OF AGRARIAN REFORM PROGRAMS INCLUDING CONSOLIDATION AND REDISTRIBUTION OF LAND WITH A VIEW TO INSURING A WIDER AND MORE EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION Of THE OWNERSHIP OF LAND 5 FURTHERMORE' CONGR'ESS HAS SPECIFIED THAT BEFORE PROVIDING ASSISTANCE AID MUST EXAMINE THE EXTENT TO WHICH A COUNTRY IS MAKING ECONOMIC SOCIAL AND POLITICAL REFORMS SUCH AS TAX COLLECTION IMPROVEMENTS AND CHANGES IN LAND TENURE ARRANGEMENTS THAT WILL ENABLE IT TO ACHIEVE DEVELOPMENTAL OBJECTIVES MORE EFFICIENTLY AND JUSTLY 6 THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF COURSE CONTAINS MUCH MORE IN THE WAY Of FORMAL GUIDANCE 7 WE THEREFORE QUESTION WHETHER THERE IS A REQUIREMENT FOR ADDITIONAL FORMAL CRITERIA OF A GENERAL NATURE FOR FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACTUALLY AT A TIME WHEN OUR RELATIONS WITH THE DEVELOPING WORLD ARE 'BECOMING MORE IMPORTANT AND INCREASINGLY COMPLEX WE WOULD ARGUE FOR MORE NOT LESS FLEXIBILITY IN OUR BILATERAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE THIS OF COURSE IS NOT TO SAY THAT OUR POLICIES SHOULD UNDERMINE OUR NATIONAL INTERESTS BUT THAT THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE-ACT TOGETHER WITH OTHER· 'PERIODIC GUIDANCE FURNISHED BY AID TO THE FIELD APPEARS TO PROVIDE SUFFICIENT INFORMATION TO SERVE THE NATIONAL INTEREST AND SUCH GUIDANCE APPEARS TO MEET YOUR OWN CONCERNS 8 SECOND THE HONDURAN CASE ITSELF CAN BE -EXAMINED THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT STATES THAT DEVELOPMENT PLANNING MUST BE THE RESPONSIBILITY OF EACH SOVEREIGN LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C se No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 LIM TED I OFFICIAL USE 3 COUNTRY AND T AT UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE SH9ULD BE ADMINISTERED IN A COLLABORATIVE STYLE TO SUPPORT THE DEVELOPMENT GOALS' CHOSEN BY EACH COUNTRY RECEIVING ASSISTANCE ALTHOUGH AID ENCOURAGED THE DEVELOPMENT OF N AGRARIAN REFORM PROGRAM IN HONDURAS AND PROVIDED ASSISTANCE IN ITS DEVELOPMENT THE LAW WAS FORMULATED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF HONDURAS AND EVOLUTION Of THE REfORM WILL BE DETERMINED BY THE GOVERNMENT IN CONSULTA-TION WITH RELEVANT HONDURAN INTEREST GROUPS IT IS OUR UNDERSTANDING THAT AID REQUIRED ITS LOCAL MISSION TO REVIEW PROVISIONS Of THE LEGISLATIaN INCLUDING COMPENSATION AND APPEALS PROVISIONS AND CONCLUDED THAT AID SUPPORT WAS CONSISTENT WITH THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE MANDATE •• • • A __ _ - - 9 WHILE AID IS MAINTAINING A CAREFUL AND CONTINUOUS EVALUATION OF THE PROGRAM THE RETURNS ARE OF COURSE NOT YET IN ' AID'S VIEW IS THAT THE HONDURAN AGRARIAN REfORM PROGRAM H6LDS THE POTENTI L TO EXPAND A RICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND INCREASE INCOMES fOR THE RURAL POOR 80TH' OF WHICH ARE CLEA L9- s-p6LtCY OBJE TIVES AID ALSO 8ELIEVES THAT THERE IS A 'BETTER THAN EVEN CHANCE THAT THE HONDURAN' LAND REFORM SETTLEMENTS WILL EVOLVE INTO PRIVATE COOPERATIVES NOT STATE fARMS FOR EXAMPLE 1 MANY OF THE SETTLEMENTS ARE ALREADY FUNCTIONING AS COOPERATIVES EVEN THOUGH THEY MAY NOT YET ENJOY COMMENSURATE LEGAL STATUS 10 WE HOPE THAT THIS MESSAGE ADDRESSES YOUR CONCERNS WE AGAIN COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WELCOME ANV f RTHER THOUGHTS YOU HAVE ON THIS SUBJECT YY L LIMITED OFFICIAL USE J ' - - -- - - _-_ - ---- _ - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSJFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431520 Date 11 13 2017 ennn nnnnnni tn n n n n j----· LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Departlnent oj'State PAGE 01 STATE eOaJlDl 3611 ORIGr r f IIIFO OCT-I11 ISO-09 ES-Dl I B736Z IU 7 THAnX YOU FOR SffARIlIG YOUR IDEAS IIlTK US THROUGH THE DISSElrr CHAlfIIEl CHRISTOPHER OFF'lCIAl USE STATE DDSOS3 AIDAe OISSENT CHAIlNEl • FOR E O com 6 IE DO AGREE TK T THERE couto BE A DAIIGER OF THE sueSIOY'S BECOI1I1lG TOO tARGE AIID GOrHitlUllIG OVER TOO LOIIG A PERIOD liE fITEI O TO GIVE THESE AriD OTIlER SEIISITIVE ASPECTS OF THIS PROGRAIt CAREFUL ATTENT 1011 AS liE PROCEED IIITH ITS I IIPL EI'IEtlTATI 011 DRAFTED BY LA HRSD GPHllllPS S P CFARRAR JM EAG APPROVED BY SIP AtAlIE IIiITEO TELEGRAM coae03 DENE ITS TO OUTII£IGH THE 1004 R ARA RI'P T60 ll E SIP OPEN fORUI1 OK IIIEY MILA COY SilL MOOD HAl I1SCHIIE IOER •••• __ ···_··-····-115184 R 112323Z JAIl 78 Fli SECSTATE IIASHOC TO AI'IEHBASSY LA PAZ ST ATE OUTGOING 1I S2 LI_ _-- IFROI1 SIP LAKE lilA TAGS SUBJHT AIFlD PROPOSAL fOR USG ASSISTAlleE TO ORll REf lA PAZ 8776 1 liE HAVE STUDIED YOUR MESSAGE OnJECTJIIG TO THE GRANT OF US GOVERIII1ENT rUflDS TO O fl j THE GROUIIOS TIfAT IT HAY DMAGE THE IMAGE OF 'iMT O% lmATIOII so nUCH AS TO OUTI EIGIl THE BElIEF ITS or AH EXPANDEO PROGRAH 2 THE CONCERIIS YOU EXPRESS ERE COliS I DEREO aEFORE A DECISIOll liAS t OE AFTER ISCUSSIOII AT THE IUIIIS L r BOR ATTACHE CQIIFERElICE IlIERE YOU litRE PRESEIIT AlID lADE ESSE I· TI llY THE AME rOlllTS THE AID MISSIOUS litRE ASKED fOR COKtlEUTS BY STATE CABLE 243DD4 Of THE TlIWTY RHPOIIDERS FOURTEE I SUPPO TEa THE PROPI S 1l ABOUT HALF 1I1 1H SDl'tE KIIIO OF RESERV TlOU AIID SIX IlERE N£UTRAl olle or THE tATTER RECOI1llEIlDED AGAIIiST ACTIVITIES III THAT PPRT CULAR COUNTRY ONl Y THE 111 S5 Ions III ARGEIlT ilIA AHD BOL I'll A EXPRESSED COlleERU AeOUT ORIl ACCEPT IlIG USG SUPPORT 3 PRESUIiABl Y THE lABOR ORG rlllATlOIIS THEMSElVES lOUt a BE PARTICULARLY SEHSITIV£ TO m XIIIO OF DAMAGE YOU IIARII OF liE UNDERSTAND THAT TRE ORIT ExeCUTIVE BOARO COIISIOEREO THE OUEST Ion BEFORE AUTHOR I WIG jHE SECUTARY GEllERAl TO HAKE IFlD HAS ASSUREO US THAT THEY ARE 1I0RHltlG VERY CUlSELV IIJTH TilE An·CIO 011 THE MATTER THUS THOSE MOST CLOSEl V AltO DIREcn Y if VOL VEO DO tior SEEH TO FEAR THE COIl5 QIJEIICES OF USG ASSISTAtlCE II fORItAL REOUEST FOR ASSISTAllct 4 FlHALt Y WE BEL IEVE IT IS IMPORIAIIT TO TAKE IIITO COli· SIDERATlorl THE EMPHASIS au KUMAr' RIGHTS IINClUOlllG TRADE UllfON RIGhTS THAT CHARACTERIZES tJSG ACTiVITY 1 1 lAlIIl AHER ICA OEI1 lCRATI C LABOR REPRESEIITATI VE S III THE ARE A ARE IIt Ll AIIARE Of OUR ATTI TUDES AIID ARE III SYMP THY IIITH T1 f HUliAN RIGHTS ASPECTS OF us tABOq POll CV THEilE IS A lEII HOOD Of TRUST AIID COIltlDErlCE AHD liE TII1IIK US ASSISTArlCE TO OR I T CAN lISfFUlL Y COlirR IBUTE TO HAT TAt US IS lOIItG tIl THE LABOR FIELD I 11£ EXPECT All AVTOHATIC IJIIFAVIlRABLE REACTIOII liE 'IRE IIOT DO IIG JUSTICE TO THE BEIlEFICIAL 'MPACT OUR POLICIES AND OUR ASSISTAIICE CAll HAVE S IIIIltE THERE HAY BE DAMAGE TO TilE ORIT IMAGE IN $OIlE REGIONS PERHAPS rOR E7 AI1PLE III 90llVIA TKE CL£ R IIAJORITY Of lABM' EXPERTISE FAVORS tHE PROGRAH AIm EXPECTS THE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431520 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445670 Date 12 11 2017 Departf1 ent Of tate IRELEASE IN FULLI SEeRST PAr E 01 A HARA ' IT JI • TELEGRAM 9568 2719 5Z 00281 E· · 16 ACTION SS-25 ' X D' I t S s NFO ·· _ ·O T Al 150 00 530-00 0 117 'r J'Z FEB 75 i FM Af4CONSUL ASMARA I NSCE·r J0· _ ____ • • • • • e '- 1026 W • • • • _ '081076 TO SEC8TATE 'WASHDe NIACT IMMEDIATE 3228 NFO EMB4SSY ADDIS ABAB NIACT IMMEDIATE I I F 'S A 'f T ASft1ARA 0281 I Exnzs ' NDFORN E' X 0 EF I ' S IE Xl EO 11 eS21 XGDS TAI S J PFOR MARR ET US SuBJECT DISSENTING VIEW ON ETHIOPIAN HILlTA RY REPLENl SHHENl REQUEST ADDIS A8ABA 23 5 l 1 WHOLE EARTEDLY ENDORSE VIEWS' ADVANCED REpre L PART CU A LY COMMENTS PARA 5 • I FIND IT INCREDIBLE THAT WE HAVf YET T O nl CUSS EHITPtiN INSURGENCV IN REAL TERMS WITH ·EP G SURE ¥ WE· P ESENT OURSELV ES AS MEDIATORS' OR AT LEASl R ISE THE' QUESTION WH CH WE HAVE NOT VET DONE BEFOR WE BLINDLV ACCEDE fO THE'EPMG ARMS SUPPLY REQUEST r AN SHERRY -0 1 i i' S - NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORI Al'ION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETA'RY ' - i RiT ' -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445670 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446041 Date 12 11 2017 _ 4 _ _ _ __ _ ' - - - DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlnllon O C 20520 september 15 1976 ' MEMORANDUM I TO la LAB - FROM SIP SUBJECT Your Dissent Regarding Employee Rights in Security Interviews - ' ' ' ' ginald BarthOlome1i Hng When Win Lord wrote you August 23 about two facets of your dissent message which concerned three separate issues he told you he would pursue further the matter of employee rights in security interviews ' Since then he has initiated discussions on this matter with the Office of Security and ith th Under Secretary for Management r j In your dissent message you referred-to a letter you wrote the Director General in which you observed that 'Department employees have not been made aware that in certain kinds of security interviews whether or not they answer questions about other employees is voluntary II And you sugg sted that employee rights in secur-ity interviews should be published in the Dep rtment's Newsletter I have been informed that as a result of your suggestion an article of the kind you suggested is being written and will appear soon in the Newsletter May I like Win thank you again for using the Dissent Channel ' The interest you have shown' in employee rights and other aspects of the Department's policies and practices and your use of the Di sent Channei n that regard have had definite positive results Drafted S P DkPetterson gMcPSt 9 15 76 XZ0993 Clearances M - ·Mr · MCMana SY - Mr Dikeos p- SIP-OF - Mr - Ye UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446041 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476326 Date 01 11 2018 - ----- '-'·--utra tl-U if U -lrY--lJiJT 'lttrTn'- -------- ' ' - ' -M • PAGE 01 SECRET Depamilent of State ROME 21467 02 Of 02 OCT-O ' TELEGRAM 221122Z RELEASE IN FULL P CTIOII SP-02 INFO INGOMIUG COPY-Ol ADS-OO SSO-OO ES-Ol ------------------345731 o 4963 1005 W 2211272 112 38 2 2 11- 9 Z SE P 8 2 FM AME aASSY ROME TO SECSTA'TE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 1161 5 E e R T SECTION 02 OF 02 R'OME 21467 01 SSE IlT CHANNEl TO PARIS MOSCOW TU'·II·S RABB TEL AVIV JERUSHE·M CAIRO AND I I SEC ET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2M6-07743 Doc No C06476326 Date '01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446553 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Waahlnc1on D C 20520 February 20 1978 MEMORANDUM AF E TO 86 I SIP SUBJECT Dissent Channel Memorandum on the Horn - Anthony • L FROM I have received your dissent memorandum pn p S policy in the Horn In order that your views can be considered prior to the February21 SCC'meeting on the issue I have distributed copies to the Secretary the Executive Secretary and the Chairman of the Open Forum as well as the Under Secretaries for Political Affairs and Secur ity Assistance the Assistant Secretary for African Affairs and the Director for Politico-Military Affairs Dan Spiegel on y staff will be coordinating our reply J I appreciate your using the channel and will be resporiding shortly to the issues you have raised UNCLASSSIFIED wi SECRET ATTACHMENT - -- -- --- - ---- ------ ------ ------ -------- _- --_ --- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Stat 3 Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446553 Date 12 11 2017 C06417056 IED U S Department of State CaseNo F-2016-07743 DocNo C06417056 Date 10f11 2017 l 'J JlmIP - DEPARTMENJ OF STATE ' • Wash nllton D C 20520 September· '3'0 r 1977 86 SIP ' 'Anthony' Lake FROM SUBJECT Dissent Channel Message This will acknowledge receipt of your dissent channel 'memorand on decontrol and release of LOU and unclassified material Cameron Hume of the Policy Planning Staff has been named coordinator in charge of a· substantive reply Copies of your memo have been distributed to the Secretary r ·the Executive Secretary and· the' Cha'irman of the Open' Forum as w'ell as to the Assistant ecretary for Public Affairs and the Legal Advisor Ne cominend your use of the dissent channel and wilL reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted • •• -- _ - - - -- -- ___ • -_ ' • - ••• J - - - - • _ _-- - ' - _ _ __ --- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C ase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417056 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431521 Date 11 13 2017 u- ir Uf ' fst3s - -r Dg - - ' f t Deliartnlen ' E STATE ORIGIN SP-02 INFO OCT-01 ISO-00 OUTGOING 0 ' State TELE GRAM 9767 268302 ONY- RELEASE IN PART 003 R 86 DRAFTEb BY S P SDMILETICH BDM APPROVED BY S P ALAKE S P CFARRAR S P-OF OSt lNNEY DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P ONt Y - -- ---------------040J37 ' 1 1025Z I R 091628Z NOV 77 FM SECSTATE WASHOC' TO AMEMBASSY LA PAZ UNCLAS 'STATE 2 8302 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N 'A TAGS N A SUBJECT DISSENT RI F FOR o CHANNEL MESSAGE LA PAZ 8776 - 1_ _ _- -_ _- - ' FI10M S P-LAKE· I THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RE'CE PT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE OF OCTOBER 3 197 MR CUR'rIB FARRAR OF THE PO ICY Pl ANNING STAFF HAS BEEN 'DESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CH RGE Of' A SUBSTANTIVE R PLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH STIPULATEO DISSENT CHANNEL REGULA IONS YOUR MESSAGE 1-1A5 SEEN C RCULATI O TO TkE Or-FICES OF THE SECRETARY THE gXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHI IRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSI STANT SECRETARY FOR INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIR ANO THE ADMINISTRATOR OF THE AGENCY FOR INTERNAT ONAL DEVELOPMENT WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS pOSSrOLE TO THE IEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED VANCE g UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431521 Date 11113 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445673 Date 12 12 2017 Depar 1112 e l t --- -- I I 01- State - l J -----____ t J l ' IRE LEASE IN PART 86 A n '' Jt rJJ v f t f id· r C· J or - l I tJ i H t J 1 S 42 l heTLON SS hl n R 271320Z Ft i5 FM AMtM8 $SY ADUI ABABA TU SECSTAT WASHDe IMMEDIATE NFO AMCONSul ASHARA r e 338 E T Sf CTION 1 Of 2 ADDIS ABABA 2335 - F xnI5 NUFORN F O 11652 ' ' 05 Ar sr PFOR MA R Ei uS GAJ CT ETHIOPIAN MILITARY REPLENISHMENT REQUEST REF A DIS ' tJTING VIEW AODIS 151217 6 t JAVCOMIINIT ASMARA 25o 1 0Z FES 75 I I 1 THr Ni ERS j Gt-JEO MEMB RS OF TI-II EMBPtSSY AND I 11 FRn RE TEL A WHICH lL LISTING SIX POSSIBLE COUHSfS OF ACTION Rt ATIVE TO iMF ETHIOPIAN A MS REQUEST DID NOT AKE POSITIVE Rf OMMENOATIONS AS TO WHICH WAS ThE tST OURbE TU fOLLuW E I I I'fl H UISS N r r ONGI Y D LI VE THAT T E ETHIOPIAN REPLENISHMENT REQUEST SHOULu NO 6 GRANT U IN ANY PART AT THIS TIME wE ONCUR WITH PARA 3 OF RFFT L nlSA VANTAG S OF REJECTION' AND w AWARE OF uRSTANTIAL SUPPO T FOR THE D RGP POLICIeS IN RITREA IN PART AS A ESuLT OF TM ·GOVERNM NT'S PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN AND THAT ETHIOPIAN UN rY IS OF nVE RIOING IMPOHTANCE TO MANY ETHIOPIANS A N GATIV P 5PONSE ClJuLu BE llSED 6Y THE OIJ lGII TO WHIP UP ANU-AM f RICAN fNTIMENT 4ND FOR THIS R ASON WE FEEL A DELAYING TACTIC IS MORE nE51RA8LE T AN AN OUTRIGHT NEGATIV RESPONS AT THIS TIME OUR POSITION l BA ED ON T E FOLLOWING REASONS NOT TO BE REPRODUCED - ORM • __ WITH ei AUTHORIZATION qF - THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445673 Date 12 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445673 Date 12 11 2017 I r L r J · I't- r ' PAr c 1 l2 - ' ' CIq T ' ' ' Y ' -' ' _ 'r ' ' __ ' ' ' ' - 1i' t - ff ' ' ' 01 OF 02 '2 15' 1 Z ' ' ·Jt ' 1 E vc N i 11 nuGIi THE E PM r MAY B t T E 11 PTE T 0 SEVE R IT S J EL AT LON S ' ioij Trl uS T OF THIS DECISION WOuLD' U NL Y HASTf NING I'lN PJr VITABI E C JNF RONTATION WHICH G VI I UUi PROJt CTION Of · RO AnvIl 2335 ' - • ' r ' i - ' ' ' '''' 1 RE IJL Tt1 S 8 in · ¥ ' f ilCTEI £R rRc 4N CONFl ICT W I L 8RING·ADDlTIOI'IAt ANO 1 · AtWER - t' '1MUNl TION RF IUC ST THi PO ITI AL COST ' TO THE us OPf lESTIC ANt V ' F XTt f'jAL 1' fl-lt S I NeVITM3LE REQ UE TS wIL BECOMt ·''l'NCRt ASINGl illFFICUL T TU 1Et T A NEGATIVE REspnNSE 'AT SOMc' POIN t ·tN TrtE I I j •• '' USS ' 1'0 1 ' Ct EUI6 fL I J Y AND AU NATED BOTH THE' 'ER lTREA 'J S ·p -NO T HE I R AR AS' ' TrtEkE AkE INO CATIONS THAT ·80TH T'HF P RC AND H llf lIJKNt i' ' uWN A f'IS REQuESTS 6Y ·THE 'P A II GIV N PV I ET I JE rGNS THt MID fA T AND 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SPTUS ·O INFL UENCE WIt H'THE PNAC hl jr I'H RE IS Nf'J REASON TO BELI VF T'ti q '-PU URE PROV '' ' ' ' I ' '-LnN o A P S 1'40uLu NF CESSARILY ACC 'lM l ISH THIS ' WE BELJ EVf THf ' LJil l'1AS MUCH TO LOSE AND Vt Y 'L 'ITTL E TU GI IN'FROM· S UPPI VINi i r ' T 1F PM WITH WHICH INEvITAflLY wtL L fOR f tH TREAN tJPER l t I '1 NS 'f _ ' ' ' ' r f J r rou j r ·- ' ··R • ' ' • P1t1AC HAS I S LIMITED F'U_ W E B US D' AR T ONG IN'plp 1 rO NS THAT J ' 'w THERE - ' ' 0' 0 ''' ' THF F PMG AND I-'MAC 6 S PRESENTLY cnNSTrTUTEO h4VE AN E T E e LY '' ''' r'1 I-MITtn LIFt c XPF CTANCY IMPENDING I ANO Rt FORMi INTERNAI t ' ' '0111 IrAQ l ISII iITY ANO ETHNIC REL XGIOUS AND REGIONAL DIVISIDNSv Il'l Au CRfAT O N XT EMEL TENUOUS U TAB SIT4ATIR TO SUPPLY TO MAINTAINING INFL U'ENCE WITH SUCWA' GOVERNM NT ' ' ' ' • J • • ' ' I' ' EPMr CA 'NClT ljlf IN E ITREA IN R SPO SE TO A SRF 'QUERY WE AU eA NEQ lH T THE fCO I LONDON RELIEVES THAT ERlrR£ N I nEP ND NrE l VfQy LIKEL V wHILE THIS PPINION IS NOT YET SHARf 0 rr ' rtl'fS I'IITJ I to VJ F w 'i-i' t t F I'I uTILE -- T t 't • l t j NOT ' r' ' ' ' ' ' ot u'E REFROD'UCED··WITHG8g St' l O iX 'TI qt 'E X ICUT'iVE SECRETARY 1 I ' ' • • ' g9 · JS 5 -' - ' •• 'I L• • • ' ' I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445673 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446042 Date 12 11 2017 iI • ' • • _ ' 1 _ _ •• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ August • - •• I - 21 1976t 1 J i t - ' ' 'Ic -_ Mr Lord in connection ith th mem now in the wor s on SY and emplyee' rights I would like you t o know that yesterday I was interviewed by a Civil Service Commission investigator and today by' two FBI officers about my colleagues In both cases the men began asking que'stions without mentioning my righ ts When i asked they -all told me without a split second of hesitation that the interview was voluntary and I need not answer The FBI officers expressed a tonishment tpat I would even ask they aid they hadn't informed me at the beginning of the interview because they assumed everyone knew this I·bring these incidents to your attention because I understand SY is alleging that even if SY should b e willing to grant us the right to remain silent they can't ensure that other investigatDrs will go along ' with this new ' r ight It seems to me the shoe is on the other foot the other agencies are already readily grant'ing this right when asked· • • I suggest that SY grant 'this right and that an announcement be placed in the Newsletter the regulations and on bulletin boards' that in all interviews about colleagues we have the right not to answer and this applies to interviews by SY the FBI or whoever Sincerely el I I l I i I 'j I• ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446042 Date 12 11 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476330 Date 01 11 2018 ' UTGOING PAGE 01 OF 02 STATE ORIGIII §f E INFO OCT-DO 30ml ADS-DO S-DI 4644 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SOURCE OF LEVERAGE OVER THE SYRIAIiS THAT EST4SlISHES THE CollDITfOIiS FOR A NEGOTIATEO ORDERLY IID HUIUAl WITHDRAWAL IIITHOUT SUCH A UrUAL II THDR lAI AlID SPECIAL SECURITY PROVrslOliS - SEeRE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476330 Date 01 11 2018 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476330 Date 01 11 2018 0 SESRET De Jartlnent of State PAGE 02 Of 02 ALOIIG ISRAEl'S 1I0RIHERII BOROER TMt LEGAL GOVERHHEUT or LEBAIIOII lllll I OT BE ABLE TO RESTORE ITS AUTHORITY THROUGHOUT THE lIiIOLE or THE COUI TRY AIIO IHE AREA COULD EA51L Y BETURU TO THE CHAOS AriD IIISIABlll TV THAI • CREATED THE CRISIS III THE fiRST PLACE OUTGOING TELE-GRAM 7 YOUR 5ECO 0 RECOHHEIIOATIOII THAT THOSE RESPO lSI8LE fOR THE IIAS$ACR S 11 THE REfUGEE CMPS AII UER TO LEBAIIES AUIKORIIIES Uill PROBABLY conE ABOUT UIlHOUT AllY AOOI iOIlAL ACTlOIl orl OUR PART T E lEBAIIESE AIIO ISRAELI GOVERlmnns ARE CO lOUellllG IHEIR DUll IIIVESTI' GAT lOllS TBt filiAL SUGGESTIOII Of RECAlliliG OUR AHBASSADOR VOUlD 1I0T SERVE A USEfUL PURPOSE AT IHIS • POIIIT III THE PRESWT CRISIS AIIO IS UllllKElY III ITSElf TO AFrECT U S STAIIOIIiG 1IITH IHE ARABS III REACIIliG TO EVElITS lIHE THE BEIRUT HASSACRES HUST 1101 lOSE SIGHI OF OUR lOIlG'IERH GOAL or IHPLE EHTlHG THE PRESIDEIIT'S PEACE PROPOSALS THROUGH aElirUEO IIEGOll AT I0115 UIIOER THE CAHP DAVID FRAHEVORK BOTH THE ISRAH 1$ AIIO ARABS HAVE STATED HAXIHAl oOPEUIUG POSITIOII$ THAT OlfHR II IHPORIAIIT RESPECTS fROH THOSE Of THE PRESIDEIIT AIIO IT Vill CLEARLY REQUIRE oA PROlONGED EFFORT 0 1 OUR PART TO BRIHG IHEH'TOGETHER UH lLE PURSUIT or THIS OBJECTIVE 11m REQUIRE U S fIRHIIESS IIlTH THE VARIOUS PARTIES OUR ' E'OATE REQUIREMEIIT IS IIOT 10 SEEK COHCESSIOIIS 011 SUDSrAIITIVE ISSUES UT TO BEGIIIIIEGOTlATIOIlS VIIH BROADER ARAB PARTICPATlOII OHE EXTREHEl Y IHPORTAIII ElEIIEII7 Of OUR CURREIIT EfFORTS IS THE SECURIlIG or OUR DOHESTIC BASE THE DEPAR1HEffI BEliEVES THAT THE PRESSURES AGAfIIST ISRAEl YQU SUGGEST ifill IIOT ASSIST III THIS HORT BUT 1I0ULD BE COUIlTER- ·r 8 I ' PRODUCTIVE SHULTZ • ' SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476330 Date 01 11 2018 co 641557 2 IED ·f·· I U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 t u - ' I iRELEASE IN FULLI ' i ' _f i i ONF lOEN Tl AI 01 - i PAGE ACTION SP-02 'I o 'i i - - l @b ' • J 112 OF 4 1111443Z t S 111 1 5 0 - 0 T F Cf '0 -- --- --------142 29Z R 10V 9d2Z F'tfj 77 I Nf 0 FM 0 CT i 1 4MEM AS5y T St CSTA E 28414 '43 BudAPEST I' ASHDC 781 16 CON F·I DEN T I A E O 1165 @ 6UDAJJE 00437 TfC976 SECTIUN 2 Of 4 uUAPEST 0437 i GDS i i Dl SSt Nl -C H'AN ' tL 6 ONG TERM COMMITMtNl TO D HOCRATIC l cALS • IN 5UGGlSfEU SP ECH-S CRETAHY COULo- AK CLEAR lHA'r USG Atc prs 10EOLOGICAL CRALLEN E fHAT COMMONIsT STATES HAVE pDSED TU Iit ST IN I ENEkAL AND U S ·INPAI-i1'itULAR lit S ALL CONjINUE TO-AUVUCATE OEMOCRATIC 10tiLS INCLUOING REpRfSENTiTIY UVE NnENT AND A FHE fCONUMIC SYSTfM • E-I' QUl D fiUPI TU'CuNVINCt COI1MUNlST SfATis 'rO r VOl Vt TUt' AKOS Gr t 'ATER ACC P ANCE UC MUCRATIC Pi NCIF'LES UN B SlS OF THEIR SELF I TEREST IN R T INI G ALLEGIANCE Ai O SUPPO T' Or 1 HtlR UWf'ol PEOPLE USG ' st L RET ARY WOULD A FrRM Wi L CO TINOE TO SUGGtST THAT CDM UNIST STAlES Li E UP TU lHE POLITI AL AND HUMAN Hl HIS IDEALS E PRESSED B IN TIi E I R U1'1 N t 0 NS T nuT lOll SAN U L N I Nit RNA 1 ION ALAG Kt E I EN lS ·l G T EY HAVE SIGNED ' AO EVEH H UULU CKNOWLEOGE SG DOES y NOr HAVE ABILITY OR DtSIRE 6R1NG ABOUT 'iHIS CHANGE ® © Fb CE IN ADDITlbN 0SG RECOGNIZING ACui uF LIMlfED c J j P t 1 AT I 0 rJ I'll L Nor l a 10 I nON IT S 5t AU Nl 5 i r TH C MMUNIST H GIMtS o i CHANGE IN THtfR ciASlc POLITICAL STRUCTURE WHILt I E wILL NUT INTt HFEf-iE If THE INTE NAL POLITICS Of A-COUNT Y TU BRING lO-PU ER THOSE WHO· HAkt OUR 8tLIEf IN utMOCRACY SHOWLl uENUII IE O£i'lOCRATIC -FURCES COMt ' TO PUWt K IN U i'HER courdRI£s NE W1LL LEND 'fh l OUR fUl L S PPORT CONfIOENTIAL ·1 ' ' 'f i ___ f __________________________________ __________________________________ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 co 641557 2 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 c '- CONFIDENTIAL BUOAPE 00437 -'io ' - -' 1 l 9 HIE S CRt TARY'S J WOULD PREVE T-U S COOPERATION I EipANS U OF DETtNrE AND LEAD TO LIMITATION OF CUUPERATI E RELATlO S-W1TH SOVI T UNIUN UH OTHER oU INT R OT IN FuslEklNG Of HU AN l HYS BEFORE W DEcIOE ON wHET ER AND HOW TU K A'HgM N RIGHTS OAL 8 ® 'l AOVANTAGES OF SPEtCH ON HUMAN RIGHTS tHE POLICY SI't ECH SuGr S1EO HEK£lN wOUl D NoT Gl AWAY ANYTii lNG Ii RATHER'WOULD REC6GNIzE A ASIC RtAllry THAT WILL NOl bkANT O EXPAN0 HOMAN RIGHTS rHE Ex1ENT Of THREiTENING A lLITY to- UVERN IT GOV HNHENI$ T wUU D af' Af'1E ' CUI1MUNISr' SprES fUr THER PiWGf ESS IS t ENlIAL St CH£TARY ADO' AND By MI ANS 01 ' XAOKTATION AT @ BE GRADE 1 11GHT MO ILlz rlON OF ORLO OPl ION-A D OuR jILAf£RAL RE- LA TIONS··WlTH HELS1NKl SlGNATOKIES USG KEEP uP PRESSURi fOR SU H 10PICALCY-ALIYE ISSUES @ WUULO A RIGHT fO'PETITIO -fHEEOOM' OF SPtfGH AND CONSClfijCE f MILY REDNI ICATIN ECRE1ARY UULO-LfT IT BE U O HSTdou THAT IN tA H CASE E WOULD WeIGH OUR OTHER @ pULley INTE Esrs NU UH POWER TO ACT I iOPITION TO 0 PRESEHVING f d EOOI1 OF ACTlON 1 1443Z TD SfALIN1ST REfRESSIUN I Of 4 SPEECH AS BEfOHE IH U S WUULD STICL- E FREE fU·CHOOSE IN'SPECIFiC INSTANCE-S' TACTICS II I·IIL L U t to PRUI10ft f·· •• j H UtlAN I- IGf·dS 1 T- AUI U ATES • StCt- ErAf Y 'IN SP ECH ITSt lf MIGHI Sf AlE OPENLY SOMt CRITErilA BUT NOT SO SPECIfICALLY Ati TO LIMiT OlR FLtXlbILITY fUR EXAMPCi SALT IS OF 0 SUCH OVERKIOI G lrlPURIAN E wE WOU O PHE UMA LE NOT S CRIFICE 11 TO HUM N-RIGH1S ADVOCACY -StCRETARy'MIGHT WiSH S y U TYING O MfN TO QUESTIONO jE lS 1 EHIGRATIO HAS EEN U PROOUCTIVt IN' c 5E OF SOVIET UN 1 0 NAN D SEC E 1 A RY M1 GH T AI I N 0 i L t 0 GE H1 0 E SI R E AdAN I 0 N ThIS TACTlC IN HoPE o f-NCOWRAGlNG PR EUuM Of EMIGRATION BY OTHER @ Mil ODS ON UThE HA U 5ECHtTARY o L0 AHN RETURN @ ' 7 2 AFFi M CH N ELI G OF u s ' EfFoRts rbWARD Ac iEVEMENT RIG f i TS 1'1 HI GH A f ' Al' T AI NAb LtD R Nt Ari A r 'r AI NHEN T N0 II • ONfIDt NTIAL I Q ® t i ' 't @ j UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064 15572 Date 10 11 2017 co 6 415 5 7 2 IED u s Department of State Case No F-io-16-0T743 'Doc N C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 -I ' ' II ' ' ' lu I I J 1 i i ·1 I CONF I DENT AL J PAGE 03 eUUAPE 004137 '02 Of 14 h11443Z I Wt HAVE ALR AD¥ OEMON r ATE LIMITS ON UUH HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY iN HUNGAKY I 19561 IN CZECHUS U AKIA IN li66 IN r- UREA AI'lU li c ttlLt IT IS TIME ' it UE6IRY' flCKNOI'lU OGE TH ·fMlTATlONS SHORt · Ii-llL AR ur5AS1f OUS CUNSEQUENCES RESULT FkoM CONFLICTb OVtR'P ITICALLY' SENSITIVE-HUMAN lGHTS l THE DRAffER1 OP1NiuN SPEt H HE P U U51NG NUT IN C NfL1CT ltH U S LE ERSJ RECENT SfAtEAtNTS ON HUMAN R HrS tl T SUPPLEMt N1S THOSE STA1EAT S IN IHPO TANT WAY T 'fXTENT RECtNT OffICIAL STATEHENT ON HUM N RIGHTH HAVE AlREADY BtEN CH RGEU ITH BEING AMB1GUOUS'ANO SELF·- CUNTRAOICrORY SPt t Cli BEING SuGGESTt O-Htl'lt l N iOULO UP fULLY-OEfUS H S HARGES ' - 1 j' 9 HE POLICY STATtMt NT SUGG TED HEREIN SHOU D ALSO EHAB £ US 10 PORSUt DETENTE ANI ENCOURAGt HUM-AN H IGHTS S MULTANEDu LV dY PLACING A LIMIT O U S HUMAN iGHTS A VOCACY It wOULO AVUIP UNNEcESSARILY p tiYOKING CONfHONTATION A U A HARP NING O 50 ItT POSITION 8E5ItS MAKING hUMAN RJ GHTS At1 IVISTS iN EASTERN E uRUPc AWARt LIMlTS Of OUR P ACTICAL-S0PPOKT IT'WOULD ENCUURAGE THtM 10 CHANNEL T EI EFFURTS IN AriE M NNEH AS USG ALD SAME CONSTRUCTIVE Ll ES ANO I TO SAME A EAS OF POTENTIAL OGRE5S CIT O P A 3 A OVE SUGGtstEO POLICY ST EME T wOULD ENriANCE Ot'PQKTUNI fV FOR ·cUN iTRUCTlVi COUP RAT 10 '1 HA1 'IER THAN' tCUSATIV CUNFRONfAT1UN AT 8 LGRADE tHIS' YEAR IT WOULD T US BE M0RE LIKELY T ACHIEvt TH Rt iGHEtMENT TO 'MEASURED EiPANSIUN Uf HUMlN RI rlTS IN COAMUNJ ST COON1RI S ' THE puLley BUNG SUGGt S i EU ESCHEwS - - ' ViOLfNCE UR INCIT MeNt TO VIO ENCE IT IS VALID fOR orcrATORSI11PS Or' fHC KIGHT AS WELL AS·'THt LEFT 1 f R CONCILE PRACTltA NO rbEALlSTlC VAL0 s IT OULD I CORPORAjf INCREASINGLY ctEt'T O PRINCIplE Of NONl tERVENTluN IN INrtRhAL Af AIR5 uF S ViRiGN COuNT lES I i ' I 5 CON ti 1 S T t N 1 I H 'T HE S 0 V I t TUN rON IS' UWillS ELF PKOCLAIMEO PRINtl Lts ANO WOULO CUT GROUND OUT fROM UNOcK GUOU uE L Of SUVl T OoJ CTIUN TU Ds STAND UN tOl'ifIOENT hL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 C06415572 IED o C C'J I u s - - - - - -----------Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 ONFIDENTIAL PAGE 04 8u0APE 00 37 2 Of 4 1 1443Z - - H MAN RIGtHS FURTliEKNORE· If THg iUI1AN HIG 'iTS WE A E FREE O AuidcATi NOE TrlYS DociRINi E E ACHIEVED T EMENOOU5 IMPElU5 OULD BE GIVtN TO U rHER DEMO RATIZATI0N Or COMMUI l ST GDV£t N lEIHs·· AND rOwARDS - - - ' ' - E E rUAL ACHltVEMtNT UF OUR MAX1 UM HuMAN 'RIGHTS GOALS I I 1°G '-J @ ' i • 1 '1 i I I 1 I A ' jJ ® ONF I DENT AL UNCLASSIFIED' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE 1··· RELEASE IN PART 86 Wuhlnllon D C 20520 • February 17 1978 MleRg DISSENT CHANNEL TO The Secretary Mr Habib p - -I FROM AF E SUBJECT U S polic l in the Horn B6 If the US wishes to play an active and effective role in the Horn we believe that the time has come to consider under what conditions the US will fulfill its commitment to assist Somalia with its requirements for the defense of its internationally recognized territory The initial Ethiopian counter-attack has revealed that the Somali armed forces a e over-extended and are in a poor position to defend either their ga ins in the Ogaden or the boundaries of the Somali Democratic Republic itself we may assume that it is or will shortly be within the power of the Ethiopian army to invade Somalia and seize Hargeisa and perhaps Berbera Both militarily and politically the attractions of such an axis of counter-attack may prove irresistible If this comes to pass the Ethiopians and the Soviets will be in a position to dictate a peace and the western position in the Horn will be eroded almost to the vanishing point An invasion of Somalia will be perceived as an indication of US ·inability or unwillingness to respond effectively to the Soviet threat in the area The Saudis the Iranians · the Egyptians ·the Sudanese and a number of other moderate African and regional states will be disheartened by such a chain of events The leadership in some of these states which have staked considerable prestige in aligning themselves with the U S will inevitably be shaken by U s failure to respond and may succumb to domestic pressures to turn away from the West This has grave regional and extra-regional consequences for our position SEClU Jl' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 eMl'f -2- The Somalis and others have noted that although Somali rejection of the Soviets was followed by increased economic aid from the moderate Arabs and the West vital military support from the united States 'or other western powers was withheld Therefore except for ant ipathy to the Ethiopians and the Soviets there is little incentive for any Somali government to follow a generally pro-Western neutral policy Without some Westerl support for Somali' secur ity antipathy may not ul t imately prove sufficient and Siad or his successors may make what accommodation they can with what they perceive to be the real power in the area We have been unable to respond to Somali requests for assistance because we did not wish to be accused of supporting a war of aggression and one which was in direct violation of the African principle of the inviolability of post-colonial boundaries This obstacle to our support for Somalia will be removed as Somali troops in the Ogaden are driven out or withdrawn into Somalia itself Our attempt to promote a negotiated solution while laudable is ot likely to succeed since it depends on Ethiopian and Soviet cooperation at a time when the military route is so promising Whatever the progress towards real negotiation it remains'in our interests to' deter an Ethiopian invasion of Somalia with the resultant risk of Soviet domination of the Born of Africa While our moves should be coordinated with our allies the short time we have in which to act argue s for a direct US initiative to offer some real support for Somalia's territorial integrity once' Somali units are out of the Ogaden We suggest that an initiative should consist of a decision discussed first with selected allies and then if generally approved presented to President Siad that -- We continue to support a negotiated solution which might provide the inhabitants of the'Ogaden with at least some measure of local control and we believe that the GSDR should cooperate fully with the OAU mediation effort and should be prepar ed to agree to a compromise acceptable to both parties 5ECft r - ----- _------------- - - ------ -_ __ _--- ------ ------- ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of tate Case No F-2016-Q7743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 -seeR -3- -- We share the Somali concern about 'Ethiopian violation of the borders of the Somali Democratic Republic While we have been unable to assist Somalia militarily so long as- units of the S'omali National Army are operating within Ethiopian territory when that situation no longer exists we are prepared to help deter any invasion of Somalia's recognized boundaries -- w will then be prepared to authorize as quickly as our procedures permit third-country transfers of US defensive weapons to Somalia -- We will then be' prepared to signal our interest in the area by sending a US naval ship to call at an appropriate Somali port -- We will also be willing if the GSDR desires to send a military attache to the Embassy in Mogadiscio -- We would not in principle object if friendly nations wished to send deterrent forces o Somalia equipped with US weapons to support the defense of Somalia's internationally-recognized territory -- We would also be prepared immediately to begin discussions of the implementation of our earlier decision in principle to join with other friendly countries to supply Somalia with weapons to fill any gaps in its ability to defend its internationally-recognized territory -- Ali of these steps would be taken in the context of our friendly relationship with both Djibouti and Kenya and our continuing concern for their security and territorial integrity as well as our continuing hope of improved relations with Ethiopia We would expect the GSDR to offer the Government of Kenya public assurances that the GSDR will not support or take advantage of any moves which threaten the unity and integrity of Kenya ' We do not believe' that those steps will give rise to much serious objection in Africa They can be presented Bongo and the Nigerians as an incentive to Somalia to withdraw from Ethiopia The EPMG can be expected to react critically'to our moves when they become known However they will be somewhat constrained because we will be in the position of supporting the OAU principle of territorial integrity while the EPMG may draw attention to the suddenness of this US willingness to suppo t actively that principle when we were in the EPMG'view rather passive supporters of it when Ethiopia was the victim here too SHCRBi' --_ _--_ _-------- - --'--- '-'--- - _------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 i8CRB'f -4- the moves can be defended as steps taken to bring about the withdrawal of Somali units from the Ogaden so as to permit negotiations to go forward In any event we believe that if any western influence in the region is to be preserved we must take an unequivocal position at this crucial juncture to provide leadership and direction in order to stimulate the confidence of our friends in the area SECRET --• - - - - - - - - - - - - - - •• - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -_ _ _- J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 co 641 700 2 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 · ···· f f I 8 ' j4rl - p v _ T t· - ttl • JWiJif ' DEPARTMENT OF STATE W hlnglon o c I hJt Y 20S20 IRELEASE IN FULLl August 25 1977 CONFIDENTIAL Mr John R Dobrin Bureau df Politico-Miiitary Affairs Department of State Washington D C 20520 Dear Mr ' Dobrin Thank you for your telegram of July 29 in the dissent channel Mempers of the Policy Planning Staff and other officers of the Department who are concerned with French affairs have carefully reviewed the considerations you raise in support of your view that the US should avoid too close a connection vl the Giscar dGaullist coalition and should visibly i ase its ties lith the Socialist party ·There are no illusions in the Department about the difficulties confronting Gi scard and his present government or about the fact that a defeat of the left coalit on may be widely viewed as at least as much a Chirac as a Giscard victory or about the problems a Gaullist-dominated government might cause us Notwith-· stan ding alt this the judgment has been reached as a basis for policy that even a Gaullist-dominated qovernment under Giscard presidency is likely to be more compatible with us interests than a Socialist-Cor uuunist coalition government This is so even in light of the strong case that might be made that the fastest road to a revival o centrism in France which might serve both French and U S interests may lie -- albeit over a number q£ years -- in a victory of the left coalition and its subsequent disintegration rather than through a victory of the rigpt CONFIDENTIAL GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 700 2 IED u s i Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL -2- It is the judgment in Washington that a victory of the left is likely to have implications for foreign policy with which we would have problems and domestic ·policies which could prove more destabilizing in a polarized France than would a defeat of the left You are familiar· I am sure with the widely held views about the potentially disturbing effects of a left victory on French foreign policy and the concern that it might constitute an example in Italy a blow to the Federal Republic's sense of· community in a Western Europe of more or less like-minded regimes and a threat to the strands of Atlantic and European cooperation which have been the basis of Western security and prosperity for the past 30 years On the domestic side to which you devote most of your attention few would dispute your view that there is a strong demand in France for change and reform and that there are risks in frustrating that demand indefi ni tely On the other hand you deempha $ize the diff icul tie s that a left government will face in trying to carry out reforms Strong interests ·have blocked them for years and will not like them any better from a left government One can oresee flight of capital lower invesunent and other reactions which in the ·present economic climate could ·have disastrous effects on France's ability to maintain domestic ordei and carry out its international obligations The United States would welcome reforms· that eQuId help reduce the sharp polar·ization of the country We recognize the obstacles to Giscard's achieving such reforms But the present left coalition partly because it includes the Communists see s·unlikely to be able to carry through meaningful change except at a cost in instability and uncertainty which would be excessive in terms of France·' s as well as our own interests It is a question of weighing risks and making choices among the·m • For these reasons our course is to implement the general position which has been set out by the President and the Secretary namely to make clear that the US is CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 700 ZIED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 i_ I CONFIDENTIAL -3- not interfering in French in ernal affairs but that it is not indifferent to developments which might give the Communist party a major share in France1s govern·ment We recognize that France is perhaps the European country most nearly immune·to us influence But everyone agrees that the election will be close Signs of US esteem for the Gis·card regime might have some marginal but possibly impo tant effect on the election an apparent weakening of us concern about the implications of enhanced COrnInunist influence in France could also have a· signif·icant impact on the election With respect to your recommendations we understand that Mitterrand has reconsidered his plans to come to the US Mitterrand may be disappointed· that we were not able to commit the President to a meeting although other senior u s officials would have been available but he does not appear disposed to make a public issue of the matter Neither are lIle In France our·Embassy has a clear mandate to maintain and to the extent' compatible with our overall policy to expand our contacts with the French Soci lists at all levels The various proposals you made in this regard are available to the Embassy and may well be of assistance· to them This response to your message will be distributed to all those who received it and to the' Embassy in Paris Paul H Kreisberg Acting Director Policy Planning Staff CONFIDENTIAL -- --- '---- -- - -- --------- -- -- '- ---- r -'-- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of St te Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 --- - _ -- --- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431361 Date 11 13 2017 -' I t RELEASE IN PART 86' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE S P JAARZT BDM EXT 29716 6-22-76 S P JAARZT S P-OFP PJLYJON DRAFT SIP ONLY E UCI ' LPA ROUTINE --' DISSENT CHANNEL crv ft r i I '- ·f cA F R '---_- - - - _-- I NL Y 86 JA E 0 11 b 5 2 N I A JA TAGS PFOR SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REF AIRGRAM A-22 DATED MARCH 29 1976 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT' AIRGRAM ON JUNE 17 1976 MR JEFFREY G RTEN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A' SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR AIRGRAM HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE OPEN FORUM PANEL WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT HANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS 'POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED YY LIMITED L OFFICIA USE J ---------------- - ----------------------- _ t • • •it 1 7 ' ' _ _ ' ___ • it 't'O i rr ' '1 _ - 3 ' ' i' i' '-- • • 9 r _ •• 1 __ • • ___ c ••• i ••••l UNCLASSIFIED U S Departmen t 9f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431361 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431970 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFIGJAL 'USE Departnle nt Of State STATE 053010 150-00 ONY-00 PAG 01 ORIGIN INFO OCT-01 RELEASE IN PART B6 oU Ft i-H N i---_--' TELEGRAM 2735 003 R DRAFTED BY SIPI MACASEY 80M APPROVED BY SIP T AKe SIP LEINAVDI S P-OF-NBOYER S' P MELY DESIRED DIS RIBUTION S P ONLY ------------------100406Z R 100101Z MAR 77 FM seCSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY BRIDGETOWN 097286 62 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 053010 STADIS DISSENT CHANNEL FORI IFROM LAKE-S P ta JfJ JS E O TAGS PFOR SUBJECT REF 86 • 11652 N A XL DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE -- CARIBBEAN TRANSITION PAPER BR IDGETOWN A-009 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE IN ACCORDANCE WITH YOUR REOUEST A sueS'rANrlvE REPLY WILL NOT BE PREPARED IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THE IOEAS YOU seT OUT IN YOUR MESSAGE ON THE CARIBBEAN TRANSITION PAPER PARALLEL VIEWS THE DEPARTMENT RESPONSE TO THE WHI e INCORPORATED IN House ON THE LATIN AMERICA PRESIDENTIAL REVIEW MEMORANDUM IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR AIRGRAM HAS BEEN CIRCIJL TEO TO THE OFF ICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF iHE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORU AS WELL AS iHE DEPUTY SECRETARY rHE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR ECONOMIC AFFAIRS THE DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT THE COUNSELOR THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR LATIN AMERICAN AFFAIRS AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL VANCE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE -- UNCLASSIFIED ---------_ _ _--- _---U S D epartment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431970 Date 11 13 2017 co 641 705 S IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 Dissent Channel Message september 15 1977 MEMORANDUM I I o TO sip - Mr Tony Lake FROM ARA CCA SUBJECT Decontrol and Release of LOU and Unclas ified Material Director Planning Staff -I ------------------ At the time of the OAS Gener al Assembly in Grenada I was taking a course in human rights at a local law school When the unclassified reporting cable came in with the text of the· resolution on human rights I wished to share it with my class Because I had learned to my surpris while doing an FOIA case that the fact a document is unclassified does not mean it is part of the public domain I made inquiries as to who could give me permission to release th cable to the public FOIA told me that the appropriate office could authorize the release of unclassified cables but could not tell me who in the ARA hierarchy from a secretary to the Assistant Secretary could give me permission FOIA also told me that all requests for documents had to come thrnugh its office as there are reproduction costs involved in releasing a document When I stated that I wished to release the document on my initiative I was told that I was going outside channels and that I should talk to SY I found SY equally unable to giv e me guidelines as to t r releasing u lassified and tenal Neither FOIA or SY c'ou e er me to °a regulatIon or an individual wi th the answer I therefore drafted the enclosed memo to my ARA FOIA office That office has not replied in writing but has informed me that the answers to my questions are in 5 FAM 950 a position which was purportedly coordinated with SY and L ARA It is obvious that 5 FAM 950 is'hopelessly outdated and too' vague to be ant help Section 952 1 stated that among other things information received through priv leged sources and UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 641 705 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 -2- II certain personnel medical investigative commercial and financial records shall be afforded physical protection comparable to that given Confiden ial material in orde to safeguard it from unauthorized disclosure and shall be marked LOU In fact instead of using LOU to protect the type of information listed most offices appear to view it as a type of quasi security classification and mark LOU things the release of which might be harmful to national security but which do not seem to be quite harmful enough to rate the six-year protection of Confidential also seems t'p RJ l QJ e Cl4 ect things t e disclosur e_o e b_Ge be emba r assi to office oUr an individual 5 FAM 913 pro 1 its the c assificatl0n of inform'8 t'Ib 'n'lliifi'loconceal inefficiency of administrative error to prevent embarrassment or to prevent for any other reas9n the release of information which does not require protection in the interest of national security Evidently these guidelines do not apply to the release of LOU or unclassified material e- • yu In addition to abuse of LOU to protect people from embarrassment LOU is also obviousl used im ro to protect' information w lch shoul In fact be tKlM§ ified conf1OentlaT''' in r 'i5 T Ci larronal ll ec HL ty Several months ago £fie Overseas Priva't e Tnves tment Corppration sent me a large number of LOU cables with the demand that I authorize their release by COB OPIC attornys insisted that this was not an ForA c'ase and that they did not want to 90 through the state FOIA office in order to save time However in view of the fact that the documents were to be used in a public hearing I had to r view them under ForA standards I had to upgrade six of them to Confidential in order to protect them ' L ARA agre ed with this approach However L ARA also said that in view of the fact that the documents which I refused were refused under FOIA standards the refusal letter had to be signed by the Deputy Assistant Secretary as in an FOIA case even though my Office Director had the power to order th'e release ofthe LOn ca61Ets'Wfiich we r e-tn 'l'ea'S'e'Cl 11i s-s'6'1'tr't 'rtl'lloaor §-WO'F1Tl'·6gi Ca1 but is nO-Wnere expressed riany regulation to my knowledge Since the advent of FOIA there does not seem to be any legal differ Q betw kOQ and unclassified · Title 22 section 6 4 of the Foreign Relations Rules and Regulations lists eight categories of materials which can be protected UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 05 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 -3- under FOlA standards none of which are classified under an executive order as needing protection for national security reasons Since LOU s not established by any executive order and since Title 22 applys the same rules of decontrol to both LOU and unclassified material the only il 4- c difference between LOU and unclassified is that one can r§ geive a repriman8 trom SY--for not rotectirr 's distinction se ms o me to be who ly irratlonal aJki t means that one-c eC€1vew·a Beprlmano-for noE prBt¥cting something which by law cannot receive more protection in the face of a public inquiry than an unclassified piece of materiaJ '- t A new definition of LOU should be developed which takes the present realities into ac count Such issues as what effect the privacy 'l t has on uncnlss _f e4 _o ume 1 t we should do a60ut tlie ClAY's an S'C' 1il c·J Y JJ s e O nly ca t o r y - ® as f jm ea - rfti e r e are -also inte res ti ng side questions such as how to protect unclassified Dissent Channel me Ti 22 ancr 5 AM 5 9 tl'4iaveto be rewrTt£en faklng into account the judicial interpretations of those regulations which have not been reflected by changed language tIe I believe one sensible solution would be to state that anything which can or sho id'stiil be'protected by the ForA or privacy Acts or any other legal requirement should be classified LOU a category which-should be es ablished On a government ' wide 6asis by executIVe O jer ·''Arroffi''eY''''ull ·rO l Yed o'-·material would srfi with th understanding that unclassified means what a lay in·terpretation would imply now -- i e something which any employee can share with anyone Attachment As stated Draft ARA CCA 9 15 77 X21 65S ---------' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431522 Date 11 13 2017 - n11T l'ir f rAtu n -' ACT ION COPY r· Departnle t SI73 31 212Z III PAl 0877 PAGE III INCOMING oj' Slate LA PAZ Dms TELEGRAM RELEASE IN PART 86 3122121 CTlON IIIFO OCT-Ol o 3LH2H ES-DI ISO-ll SSO-DD f9D4 I ••••••••• __ ··--··-030201 312716Z 164 OCT 7'1 fli Af1E OASSV LA PAZ TO SECSTATE IIASHDC II1MElllATE 768 lIHlTEO rf1 CI ru USE LA PAl 8m OISSEnT CHAlIUEl AIOAIl fOR GECRGE PH III IPS REr IAl STATE 243IlD 8 STA1 14011 DfDT·rREE HOUfVER IT IIDULO HE unFORTunATE IF TUIS PO ITIVE VElUPllt T ERE To BE rOLLOI EO BY A lO S OF ORIT'S I AGE AS J JI ORGAllllATIOn IHDEPEIIDEIll or ALL FORMAL GOVEP UIlEfiT F JlIAIICIUG ONIl HAS r J1 IUACE pp eLEI1 lO THIS PROPOSAL IlOUlO DIllY AGGRAVATE If IT IIOULD BE VETiER IJI THE LOI1G RUII FOR OR I T TO CO IT IIIUE TO TR't 10 STItEliGTHEli I mH THROUGH ITS Olll RESOURCES EVBI If TH IS TAII S LOtIGER THAI TO TA E m SHORTCUT f 'ACCEPTJIIG USG rUIAnCIIIG AT THE COS IlF I lfAT Il1AGE ORIT DOES HAVE TO SE ACCUSiO Or 8£IIIG DotltllmO OY TilE AFt CIO IS FAR LESS OAhMIIIC THAU TO BE ACCUSED Oi DEUIG COillROLLCD BY IHE USG DOEKtP FOR TOll 80111 E LA PAl 871 i I 5UnlIARY l OPPOSES AIHD'S PROPOSAL FOR USG 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IllATES ARE 1I0RE to ICERfiED 111m lIIP 1ilVfi r ORI T' S IlIL lTV 10 PRUVfDE TIIEI1 IIECESSARY SERVICES 1 11 II AT tit ' I E THE SOURCE OF lHE HOllEY TflllT PAYS FOR THESE SERVICES ItO HE' UIlOERSUtlOS THAT 111£ FOUR REGI nAl HELD OFF ICES fO GE STABLlSKtO ur OER TaE PROPOSED PROGRAlf 1I0ULD IIELP ACHIEVE TilE OBJECTIVES or ASSISTlIlG OR I T' S AFFILIATES TO STREtlGTHEII THEI1SELVES AIIO TO ORGAllllt MORE OF LATIH AHEnICA'S 1I110 G4IliZEiJ 1I0lir rRS liE ALSO UIl 'ERSTAIlDS THAT ORIT'S'EI1EI1IES 011 tHE lEFT PARTICULAR I' ClllT MID THE CDII' I1UIIfSTS IIlll COllTlllUE TO TlAGr 1 1f HEllIER USG FUIIIIIIIG IS J llOVIOED OR 1I0T HOIIHER HE IS COI CERtrrO ABOUT THf £H£CT USG FlitAI ClllG Alto TilE CillTICISHTHAT lILL EljSUE UIll HAVE 011 lAtiDR GROUPS or THE CEillU THAT ARE I'OTr JlllAl ORIT fFH IATES OR THAT PRESEHTlY C OHRATE IIITH OHll CRIT'S IOEItTlFICATlOll IIITH THE USG lAY HAKE TlIEI1 t10R nELUCTAJli 10 EUtl TI E IR IJIDEPWOtllCE BY Al f It AT IIIG OR cooprRAT r IIllH ORIT TillS COUtO RESULT Ul TIlE ORIT AFFIliATES GElliG ISOLATED 0 1 TKE RIGIIT t THE ua H ATlACIlE AGRE£S III TH lilE AID i o nEliT THAT · ROSP CTS FOR PHASE OUT OF T £ PROGRAM OUCE IlCCLPTEI R£ 1101 CLEAR AT THIS POIIlT · III FACT PUT IICRE STROl GlY IT IS rnOSABlE THAT If THI$ PROPOSAL IS ACCEPTED InEH lILl CE COlm UIIlG Pr £SSURE FROI1 O IT MHD AIIO THE Aft CIa TO CCIIlIUUE fHE PRO GRAil UllTll SUCH TillE III THE ftlOH1lf1TE FurURE I H IILATIIl AtlERICAlllABOR ORGAllllATIONS WOULD DE ABLE AIID IIIlLIJIG TO ASSUIIE IHE COSTS OF TH I S PIiOGRAI1 S THf LABOR ATTACHe IS COt1CERilFO 1I0R OVER TH4T EVEII If THIS PR06RAII IIERE APPROVEO Fon II ltM1T£1I P£RIOD or TitlE AUO USG fllIAlIelflG IIERE THEil IIITHORAIIII ORIT IIUULD CQijTlHUE TO 6E IDEIHlFJEO FOR I1AJlY YfMS TO COH£ s A LABOR ORGAillZATIOl1 TI D TO' THE 11 r UNCLASSIFIED U S Departme 1t_0f $ e g e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431522 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446073 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' IN MANAGEMENT TALKS BEGIN ON FLEXITIME Flexitime which fO r some months las been a huge success in much of lOA is being considered for use in other Agency lOts AFGE 1812 Vice President Jo Campbell is coordinating AFGE 1812's participation I talks whic will focus on general and individual element aspects of adopting flexitime • ngs have begun and in addition to Jo AFGE 1812 representatives- include Executive nittee n tember Abe Harris IMV VOA Stewart Coordinator Manny Athanas IBS and rds Al Green IBS Heather Prosky leS and roni Zapat IPS ' ' 0 ' •• 10 • ' • I' - • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446073 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446073 Date 12 11 2017 I --- ------- ---- ---- -' i - - SUC CESS AT USIA It is 'irtually impossible to find anyone who is unhappy me among the entire l09-memb r staff of the Agency's Finance Division reports 'ice President Jo Campbell So far USIA's experiment witb flexible self-selected Jeparture times for employees has been limited to IOA F with 35 staffers beginning l March 3 and the entire staff adopting it on August 20 of thJs year At this time 'fO plannfng to request Flexitime 1l 1 l r Ihich is still in the experimental stage in USIA was begun following negotiations 312 officers early this year The basic idea of Flexitime is to permit tbe employee time for arrival at work 7 45 a m to 9 45 p m and for departure from work 1 6 30 p m All employees are required to work a full eight hour day and to be on 5 to 4 30 p m core time except for the 45-minute lunch period Employees are select when their workday will begin aDd end 00 a day-at-a-time·basis to aeeom- al commitments such as doctor's appoiD tments car pools shoppin'g bus schedules 'inance Division Chief say that Flexitime fits his personal preference for an early no disadvantages and 'has written a report OD the experiment for IPT A three ·yee Committee takes the place of the supervisor in the administration of Flexitime sig o -in and sign-out sheets which are turned over to a time clerk The Comtnittee If as peziorllling a survey function rather t an tlacting as a watchdog • o Flexitime are equally enthusiastic AFGE 1812 Treasurer Jim Johnson IOA FD I am oDe of those people who as here 15 or 20 minutes early every day which because of my bus schedule Now I c n leave a little earli r and get paid for I'm here in the morning II 10 lOA FA AFGE 1812 Stewa Lola Hoosier also • he 'Employee Committee reports '1Jt's wonderful and has helped me a couple of used to have a doctor's appoiDtment that made me a fe w minutes tate I'd ha e to r's·leave Now I just work tbe additional minutes to ma15e my full eight hours I you would Jike to have more time to do things in the afternoon This way Y9U rly and leave early to get a little more daylight to do things • • • I potted flowers said at first there was DO point to it because she came to work at quarter to nine ow she comes in an hour early so tbat her car pool DO longer has to wait for ber ' ' - ' '' 0 ' ''' ' • • ' ' ' ' - • 0 '0 I I '1 I 1 ·1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446073 Date 12 1112017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476927 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN ______ _________________ ---------------------------------------- PARTB6 l el rrnre7rr T S rtre-·-- ---ii---- '· AG Pi If ·IIQ · · L ll Ii 0 t • I L r s I t '' li f ti Qt' t 0 ii u s u U Pf LU I rc 0 1 Cl H A S·i · lep • ··-··-··--········'3 l F nil I E HOV £1 FI' An n6 SSI IIA SLII ' TO S CSTAl VlSHDC flOI 'om OAIJ 0 IS t T CKANHn n SSAG POI AND CARROTS AWO STICKS ARE N£ OtC REFS IJII IIARSAII 0 SlAr ll3Ul I o· 1112S ceotFIDrNTlAl' WI EMTlR POt ue ICI KR KOI' IO I TUT 2 THIS nISSA' TAANSnlTS A DISSUT'CHANN£l VI£ Il'OIIT Df I THE ORAmR· ODts ' OT I1SM 'lO'RfSTRICT OISTRISvrlOX Of T 'S ' £'SSAGt • ' r 3 U t POll CT TOI ARO POl A D H VO KEO AOnIRAS Y SINC TMo IIIPOSITION Of n F lIAI LAII 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lHtlcOtiTRARt IGNOR S RULITY PAILY llH IS 11011 SDII IIHU SETTER AffD rREER FOR ItAHY POLES THAN IT liAS DURING nCRT tAl tAli P OI IS'IIG TO CHarGE POLICY If lHE GOP·AlTERS ITt SlA CE BUT TH£' FlltlllG TO DO SO I TNt f ACE or CHAN6£S lOIlERS THE taED I BIllTT or OUR FVTURE PADIUStS IND LESSENS OU ·Ai lIFT TO SIRGAII IIITH THE GOP' DDIIII TW ROAD IN llff Sl'AI_G lRE USG O tlll O UPOII • STEr·St-S IEP- 'PROACH ·VIS· ·US 'POL AlIII TH '1110 U L Itl Y CeNt IBINT lAb ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476927 Date 01 11 2018 i 'B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476927 Date 01 11 2018 c r 11 c r 0' 0 t c l' I E C t'£ n T 'II c c F'IlUi i al UH l1 I ' I 60F I lAt fuFiliE nU u£ s C P'IW IHi G r t 1T s JUSTlfltO EnpOlIS 10 OUR $AA IOWS I Rtel BROADC Sl AH THERHORi HG RtAtllllG Fun C m lHI BUUT' H'IU or c r Ium RWI t I1ICl Tint lIH f JANU P I lIo 1i AU lO 1 t E I t 't 1I0RY P iJT £1 JP L v ttN Ul LiICA1tr 'ts t h 1 IS'Y 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CA LOGICAll Y CDMCLUOE 'HAT'GIV£N elUENT POLltY II0THING IiIlHlt THEIR COUC PTJON OF THE POSSIBLE CAM 6E DONE TO A IU U SaNtt lHEr aAt Nbl ABOUT TO Oil A TTHUG lillie vllL l£ t PEtTtR 'Or'Scn 11l Ul10St RISE AG IU O'YGlING POIE 11s L eOHO IC AHO POLITICAl SHU ITS EUORt THE GOP 10 PtRSUJUlE 11 TO SEtK n eO OOAT ION IIIU HOi CHVI C£ lH Goe TO RISK R£P U 0 AUGUST Sse TUi ARGUIIENi FeIlEO TOcp RSUAOr THC GOP o' I TH 5 r IU6 a Hc tl G Ii UIU ' r H r Han NOV '£sOt· l · r r 1 'T£r FH'1I0JJ ' hcvr rrt IIN''' - AHN ' l SU 1r ir t iHi GO He ' T V P Nff1G 0 ' ''' '' '0 G 011 TKE COI l DH THOSE £ltM J If l iI r ' iUi lW EC0I10r IC utrc HOUI POt ISH ct CrS ION If_ ' lITtLt OR 110 SC ' IH lY l RiGI L' fiO r HH' HOII BtE 1I lHt COHonIC REAL ITT THE GOP 1I1LL J T u '' ' L r Et1I11i nfti '7 J G i ii II Hi i 0 R£OIlC D WTERH' POL IT lell CO TJlOL S S otnAlla O Bt rio Ut r On£OV F tKr r I C- rl r' r • r· • r · ' V us TELEGRAM p l rtnle71117Sr·Sta fe' to J o Ju - u '_' j' IJIli' J IT c 12 IN sun EASINli on THt SAllClIOKS AND RESPOIIOING FIRIIlY to GOP HARUSKEHT IIIGHT JP'UR tONT ADICTORl 1 FIRST 6LAlICL IU FAt T lIt 1 A FIIIf-lIllED PIl1IC OF ORROn ll1D STICKS lILL'DO ORt '0 PRlmDT£ US OEJECrlvrs 'AIIO'IUKf TNt COF lORt Allt ABLE TO FUTURE A ERICAI AClioNS TSIN THE CUR EIIT-U PO ItT HOVlyn BALAUC£ IS ' POp lur aNt Y E1SIH_ SANCTION SIGULS vtAKHtS Hilt O LY P £l tlUINli rD TH GOF HPR SSnt T III I S OtslRt lC It L Hori on p IOp urI UF 1U ' C1UI CAN PURSU r IERC la Rtl 1I01lS Vllr Tr ' US 1 PUNISKIW POIARC t SUPROG4TE TARGE FOr THE SOVlrT PUE lem OU COWlIuUE HO T1LllY 10 Txe CURReNT GOVERNMENT I IIARSAV SUi 11 ALosfEouru IItSHRH PUBllCS J •• AND lAKE OU OUERALi Ollcr 'f l lARo 1 H EUROPE AII TKt SOV El VNIOII APPEp COHTilJUlItTORY IIITHOUt PRODUCIN Cou OnITAIiT PlUSSES I ou STRUGGl 1111 THE USSI POLANC 11 THE 'sorr UND REHtr· 0 TNt SlOC OlfFER£lIl1U D POLICH IOVA O POlA t IS ON Dr THE r v AND SEoe II US lH IItsT HAS or HURTUI IN IHT RNr L CHANGES TO UNOER IH ANP IltAKEN THE SOVIE GRIP IT I AKES llTllt stllsr 10 ROUGHEN lHAT HIDE 70 lAKE POLAND o THt sevltT BLOC MR InfERKEABLE TO CORROSIVE IItsTERW IMflUEHCt IN $Ur THE US SHOULD AI THIS 1111 COWSIDtR 1I00lrYING OR REnDVING SANCTIONS IN CRCER TO IIUHN AHD UMDfRIIIM£ TME GOP VI 'CT rOil EXAI1 lE RATHER THAN PREV DO S I R£PUTfOLY TO tD IOUei IH'p£PT DISCUSSIONS 11m Po p IH ORDER Tb' OBTAIN A ·AtClll ATt PICTURE OF lCOlIOVIC £ I III Wi J wiJol ' 'lIIltR$HIP HaS BtEII AP PAOvtOB U 'DJI TIE tn U UMD TKE ItCUT GO ' IIEASURES eBNF I B'Etn I At I 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476927 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980072 Date 07 31 2017 j 7Sj c il fJf@ LH M AftA EUR NitA CU FE 132 A- »1 FOR RM USE ONL Y LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PRIORITY HANDL-IHO INPIC A TOR INR FRS FROM INT LA TAR SUBJECT Dissent Message TR XMB ARloty CIA REF ' ' DATE February 24 1973 Amembassy BELGRADE RELEASE IN PART Bsl A-3559 NAVY --- --J- - - -I osc USI A · 7 HIA 'DISSENT CHANNEL J f -es This airgram transmits a dissenting' view submitted byl 186 Consular Section '------------' LI_ _ _ _ _-II A Policy Initiative--Elimination of Section 212 a 28 C from the Immigration and Nationality Act I urge the Department to take an active and vigorous lead within the Administration to formulate and have introduced an amendment to the Immigration and Nationality Act eliminating Section 212 a 28 C --in essence membership in a communist party or its affiliates--as a ground of ineligibility t receive a visa to the Uni ed States t-r U - e- a en n I c' n -J r 'j - - '- C t This section of the law w ich was born in the traumatic times of the early 1950 l has outlived Whatever usefulness it may hav had If it need be pointed out one has to look on r to the past ye r to see how dramatically and wisely our policy has changed toward thc'se who are by definition lIexcludable --along with I might adrl crininals carriers' of communicable diseases and prostitutes s Furthermore this section of the law has little effect in practice thanks to pragmatic administrative measures which get around its awkward and untoward effects For example waivers 'are wisely and routinely granted by the Immigration and Naturalization Service to permit members of communist parties to enter the United States as nonimmigrants In addition the Department of State humanely reaches findings of involuntariness in immigrant visa applications so egularly as to be almost pro forma LIMITED OFFICIAL USE FOR 4-112 05·323 l FOR pEPT USE ONtY 2fIn nc t oa I pproyeo DY onum nf'l A DOue 86-- 'n ' 'A J -- ------ ------------------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C179 80072 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980072 Date 07 31 2017 0 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 Beyond this there is of course a persuasive body of thinking which argUes that the exclusion from the United States of persons for the political beliefs they hold is disharmonious in the ext -eme with the philosophy of our Republic - Therefore at a time when I assume we are seeking bold new ways to build mutual confidence in our greatly improving relations with the soc'ialist countries I believe that striking this anaclir'onism from our aws a would be in our national interest b would cQnstitute no danger to our security c would De truer to our national precepts d would eliminate the costly and patent bureaucratic II waiver'processll and e could have a profoUhd symbolic effect in our relations with Eastern Europe an the world ' While I have held this belief for some time it is in the euphoria of 'peace in the spirit of-tzereaJ istic and indeed inspiring foreign policy of this Administration and emboldened by the anguish of having to apply daily this sorry statute that I offer my policy-making contribution--which dissents with our law--from this admittedly narrow vantage 'point in the Balkans ' E O 11652 GDS LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980072 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743· Doc o C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 Wnshlnl on D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 SECRE'f ffeBIB 86 Dear IL_ _ _ _- -_ _ J Your thoughtful dissent message on Tai an's future status and the impact of this issue on US China policy deserves commendation and co ent I regret the delay in so doing but your effort has already ach eved its main objective of stimulating deliberation here on this important aspect of the China problem vIe originally drafted our comments in the form of an airgram Upon learning of your return to' Washington we decided that a letter would be more appropriate However to avoid further delay we did not undertake the editorial revisions to reflect this change in format Our comments follow below The deb ate in the Embassy nd I messages on'the extent to which 1 the GROe may attempt to formalize a separate' status for Taiwan in connection with any normalization of US P e relations and 2 the USG might exert leverage on the GRoe to minimize any resulting threat to US interests Taiwan's POB t-Diplomatic Status 86 cente s - - ' Both the Embassy and the dissenting officer agree that possible US recognitiPlf of· the PRe ill lead Premier Chiang q ing-kuo t9 formalize at leas t somewhat the ROC's separation from the'mainland The Embassy's basic assessment is that within the ROC's likely options -- rangirig Ofr the'lo er end from a fairly simple stat'ement that ·the' 'Roe exercises jurisdiction and s verei gI1tY over Tah an 'regardTes of Peking' claims to 'upp e r-'end formulations along' • Or _' ' 86 - -' - ' - -- - - ' •••• ' l • - - J _ _•• -- --- ON THI OV R AS IT rs INTENDED FOR RE-USE EY RN · I1 TH THE ' · E COPIES TO ORIGINATING OFFICE -- -'i J '-r W ' - ·C ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 2 the lines of the · l one China two gover p mentsl1 or two states in one nation -- something toward the lower end of this spectrum would be the probable ROC choice On the other hand I Iargues that in the absence of fairly spec'ific advance arrangemen'ts assuring continued US security and economic involvement with Taiwan CCK may unilaterally declare a new status for his Government departing in some way from the one-China principle and thereby jeopardizing normalization of US relations with the PRC 86 The picture as we see it fs that the ROC's diplomatic options remain significantly limited but within thes'e limits it will be able to make important choices in connection with any normalization of US PRC relations We agree that Taipei does not have a serious nSoviet option as long as ·two basic factors hold the USSR continues to see any prospect for reconciliation with a post-Mao leadership generation -- the ROC continues to identi fy its post-diplomatic viability i e follOlving a switch of d iplomatic relations from ROC to PRC with access to and some form of commi tment from the US and with continued economic elationships with Japan From Taipei's standpoi'nt even if the Soviets were interested which 'they re not such a rapprochement would be extremely provocative to the PRC at the same ti e that it would cast serious doubt on the US ROC security iink • Taipei would also concern d about the effect on those segments of American pub ic arid political opinion which constitute its strongel t remaining sources of support be For much the same reasons we generally agree with the Embassy that the- OC will feeL cons rai n·ed about changing the one-China principle · e sh re the Embassy's perspective t hat quite extreme and unforeseen changes -- putting even an unofficial US ROC 'relationshi into jeopardy at the same' time as accentu-' ating PRC interest in forceful reunification -- would be the necessary condition for a GROC declaration of z eEr Itf '1 1 I • ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 SBeRET NOBIS 3 independence In the absence of such changes the GROe can be expected to continue its generally cautious and prudent approach as evidenced in it reaction to the shocks of recent years As long as this leadership is left with a modicum of hope for the future its olicies will seek to realize such a hope rather than to satisfy emotions or prove brave ry The ROC leadership clearly realizes that a satisfactory future rests on some kind of continued US security and economic inVOlvement and PRe forebearance Thus fear of provoking the US and PRC will strong y inhibit the ROC from an outright declaration of independence or anything approaching so radical a departure ' However we believe the GROC can be expected to review the q estion of its status in any postdiplomatic environment Likely actions range from reasserting the status quo to possibly declaring jurisdiction over ROC-held territory without reference to the mainland For example the ROC reaction to a diplomatic s -Jitch could entail an affirmation of the ROe's traditional stand that the actions of others cannot affect ROC rights and interests This would probably be combined with a carefully worded formula desig ed to comfort the public by referring to the ROe's continued firm control of Taiwan while avoiding rai Hng Taiwan ' S status in a manner rhich might creat problems with the US or PRC Moreover ROC efforts to bolster public confidence will be colored by awareneSs that the public looks to the US as the key to a satisfactory future These short-term choic'es hav-e an' additional virtue from Taipei's standpoint or not- ruling out 'longe r -'t r'm options -- be these a two states within one nation arrangemeht tacit or explicit or eventual negotiations · The Embassy postulutes that ROC choice of negotiations in the near future would bring domestic crises and possibly civil' disruption unle-ss' ' it parenthetically notes they were pro'posed in the· hope of obtaining PRe agreement 1 0 Taivlari ' s separation We see the ROC refusal to entertain negotiations as a product of the leadership's deeply·' ingrained suspicion and distaste of the PRe If this were overcome and we do not presently foresee this 9BGRET U9B rS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 1212017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 ' SECRET 19 9I15 4 we believe th ROC would not have insurmountable problems in conditioning its population to acceptance of negotiations It would do so by depicting such negotiations as aimed at assuring the continuity of'Taiwan's present social economic and political system In more general terms we are not persuaded that domestic opinion will be he primary motivation in CCK's decision-making Hopefully change in the US relationship w·i th Taiwan will not be so radical as to threaten a s'erious down-swing of ROC confidence and the island's stability Under these circumstances and given 'continued strong KMT rule there would be little reason for the ROC leadership to depart from its customary glancing attention to domestic opinion in the decision-making process To the extent CCK does move to formalize ROC separat ness we expect him to do so more to maximize diplomatic flexibility with the US and the PRe than to respond to internal pressures This does not rule out however the GROC's justifying any shifts on domestic grounds or CCK's being greatly influenced by filial obligations and the views of the ruling mainlander group which continue to move against he direction of a separate ROC entity US Leverage on the GROC The above 'discussion leads to the conc'lusion that for·the short term the GROC's overriding interest will be in maximizing its ties with the US and that given 'its limited alternatives it Hill a'ccept an 'unofficial relationship which includes both a ·credible· but··not necessarily contractual 'US invblvement in its security and a continuing strong trade relationship Provided we gave the ROC'some grounds to do 'so we' think it likely that the ROC's ba'sic reaction to a diplomatfc switch would be to depict it as a formality which leaves the essentials of the Ta i 7an picture unchanged We therefore see the ROC as concentra ing on the US angle rather than Taiwan's· ju'ridical status in deciding on i t q reaction to the ··svlitch Because - 'of this st ong ROC dependence US leverage appears more than sufficient to counter ROC actions Which may arguably jeopardize US interests provided our views are articulated clearly and in timely fashion to the ROC UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 SEG RB'f U9'BHl 5_ c' We see compelling reasons for not becoming engaged in helping to fot'mulate 'I'aiwr ' £ r status along the lines suggested by _ __J First we believe that any such attempt will inevita ly lead to our involvement in mediating difficult-toreconcile differences between ROC and PRC In particular we are not impressed with the prospects for succeeding in working out with the ROC a temporarily divideq tate n fC rmula suggested but not spelled out by I J which would not be provocative to the PR -- even 'if it does 'not explicitly rebut the one-China principle B6 B6 Second as a t'elated point w see far gt'eater prospects of such a t'ole interfering with US PRC not'malization than contributing either to that process or to a resolution of ROC PRC differences Fot' example taking a dit'ect hand in working out Taiwan'S status without reference to the PRe could provoke Peking to the point of risking an end to normalization and would inextricably and indefinitely saddle us with responsibility for Taiwan's future -- courses diametrically opposed to our present ones ' • I ·Third it is worth reit erating that ROC fear of simultaneously provoking the US and PRC should continue to serve as a sufffcient· deterrent agains t ROC 'movement from de facto separateness one of the possibilities foreseen by the Embassy towa d a two-China outcome as feared by the dissen·t This is particularly the case because the first condition has most of the advantages and few of the disadvantages of the remaining rarige of choices presently open to the ROC _ Contingency Plann'ing In addition to helping to clarify the important issues on Taiwan 1 s future sta·tus and US leverage over the 'GROC the dis sent me·ssage has' performed a valuable_role in highlighting the need to plan against circumstances 'iri which the ROC might pursue internatio al ecognition as an independent sovereign state These circumstances might include' internal disorder in or increased Soviet threats to' the PRC or a collapse of GROC confidence in the US cor 1it7'f - ' ' t UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C se No F-20 6-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 4 ' S SGHE'f' 'HBBfB 6 As a transformed entity the GROC could not reasonably be completely confident in a continued US interest in its security the US Japan and other countries with a stake in Taiwan's future would have to 'determine their response on the basis of the implications of such a radical ROC action for their interests at that time In rational terms the GROC would have to anticipate that any unilateral declaration of independence would run the r isks of provoking flights of capital attenuation of unofficial including trade ties and weakening US involvement in its security a situation which cou ld lead to serious instability in Taiwan To minimize such risks the ROC might 'conclude that prior conSUltations with the US were necessary In that ev nt we would have the opportunity for forceful diplomatic intervention against such a radical step if as now seems likely we thought it damagi g to our interests Sincerely G la 10J Winston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff SEGRE'f' H913IS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743-'Doc' No 'C0643-1702 Date 12 11 2017 c _ -- _ _ - - _ - ' TExt OF NESSAGE - I'-' -'-_ ·· 7 ·· ·' ' ' ' ' ' '- 1 r i -' • -' IRELEASE IN FULLI Dear Jimmy I have been disturbed as I am Sure you have been at the outcome of the 63rd sessio of the Internati·onal Labam - I kn w that it w l l l oom_ a ge in your ConIerence consideration o£ continued American membership of the Organisa ion Jay I say that in my view the ILO whatever its f a ults 1 remains ' ith its tripartite 'structure a unique and pO -ierful instrument of' social ·re form Through its investigatory' powers it 'can bring to account those gove rn rnents which' transgress human and trade union rights It provided practical assis ance ·to developing c untries in improving living standards for work g people Its technical work in settin g labour standards is of great importance Two important new conventions were compl eted a the recen conference of Part the unique quality of the ILO lies in its universality 'vi thout the United States i t is di fficu l t to see hOli its work coul d continue eff'ectivel y the ' organisation would be miSSing an essentia'l part of the wor ld community and the lvestern powers would lose their most powerful partner I recognise that the conference itself was very disappointing Nonetheless there have been some signs of prosress over the last t o years ' The Organisa tion w has ' - UNCLASSIFIE U S p ' - 0 • D partment of State· Case No F-2016 07743' Doc No C06431702 Datt 12l11 2017 _ UNCLASSIFIED u S ··Dep rtmerit of State Case No F-2016-07743 poe No C06431702 Date 12 11 2017 bas completea a considerabl amount o use ul technical The Govenling Body earlier worlc during that time this year made progress on the American suggestion changes n Artic e 17 or of the Standing·Orders to cut doW'l'l on condemnatory a nd irrelevant political reso utions At the con Cerence i tsel C there ''lere· less political resolutions than before and indeed the work o the Resolutions Comm5 t tee w·as atisf actory Although the report o the Committe on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations was·not adopted i t remains on th record'and contains some valuable material and is more evenly balanced than any of its predecessors I would have been much happier if some of the other • jI objectives ot the West had been achieved in full should like to have Seen the resolutions amended completely rocedure I for presenting the 197 Israeli resolution buried and some diminution in political irrelevancies But it would perhapsbave been unrealistic success in one cqnf erence o expect t ta1 Progress bas been hindered by the use of procedural deV ices but is st i ll possible in 1978 and succeeding years on the issues 0 C concern to the United States and like-minded nations We hope the US took comf'ort Irom the strong and unwavering support that was forthcoming from the Nine and other industrialised market economy count ies • I personally hope very much that you will be able to give due o' eis ht to those 'positive features hich have emerged in ILO af''fairs over the pa st blo years 1 and decide to --- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S - remain 2 ' '' DepartlTl ' ' t t _g § 9 E2 9J Q U43 Q _ 9 CQ 43· 70i Dat _12 1 1 0i __ UNCLASSIFIED U S D partment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431702 Date 12 11 2017 W' •• IL 't'· · t I •• - • • • M ZOOOO ' 'l'I '_ t4oo _ _ ·t 1 CO ' F ID' ' flkk ' _ • -- L remain with 'us in this important inte national organisation • ith best dshes Yours sincerely Jim Callaghan ' ' '- ' - ' _ -- -- -1V ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431702 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 _ _ - _---_ __ _---_ _-------_ _ RELEASE IN PART 86 1 I I i December 1 cj 1'9 7 8 I '1'0 PA FOI - FROM SIP - Anthony Lak SUBJECT Your Dissent Channel l 1essage on the Classification Review Staff '----------' 86 would like to commend again your use of the dissent channel to raise questions concerning the implementation of the new executivE order on classification In this instance your memorandu -n -Ias immediately for 'larded to Mr Read 'lPO - as able to read and co sider it before making decisions regarding the establishment of the Classificat ionl Declassification Center I Your memorandum raises many issues some of a procedural nature some concerning the management of resources and some regaFding the substantive policy requirements o the new executive order on classification As YOll ar e a''1are the chief focus of the dissent cli annel should be substantive foreign policy issues so I will deal briefly with the procedur l and management questions you raise While your revie of the process by 'hich this decision has been reached is essentially corr ct I 'think it is important to note that all vie -lpoints did in fact reach loIre Read including your 0 '10 and' th t he considered all before making a decision t qhile the· CCP did for''1ard a contrary recommendation to Mr • Read it 'las proper for him to weigh a l arguments and suggestions before exercising the responsibility to decide himself Concerning the question of administrative efficiency it is easy to agree lith your o m position that an efficient operatioo' could be managed either by the neVi Classification Declassification Center or by PA But hO -lever judgments on possible' efficiencies may have affected this'decision they could ' LIr iCLASSi FIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Qoc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 j UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 - - -- -_ -- - _ - _ - _-_ _-----_ -_ _--I -2not be given such weight as to result in a decision that would be counter-productive to efforts to achieve adequate implementation of the ne 'l executive order The essential question you pose ther-efore is whether this decision by Mr Read will ensure adequate implementation of the new executive order A careful reading of Mr Read's decision memorandum indicates that many of your concerns are provided for by the ne '1 arrangements '1hile the Council on Classification Policy 'l1ll 'be abolished it j B to be replaced in part by an appeals board chaired by the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs in essence this is not different from the present arrangement While the Classification Declassification Center will be located in A it will 'operate in a quasi-autonomous manner using guidance developed by a committee that will include concerned regional and funotional bureaus including PA The basic departure from the present arrangement in 'Ilhich this function is performed by the CCP chaired by the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs is that the director of the Center will be the ne ' chairman In addition the decision by Hr Read to serve as the chairman of the Department Oversight Committee' should accomplish a close invohrement of the seventh floor in ensuring full implementation of the new order PA as well as L and A is a member of this committee The concern you raise that new arrangements build on the expertise already acquired by PA is valid It appears that these nevi arrangements adequately' provide for dra dng on that expertise Ni th regard to the partIcular point you raise about the transfer of this function having a chilling effect on PAIs relations with journalists there is no reason that such a result must fo11o- Ol The Public Affairs Bureau will be represented on all of the committees dealing with mplementation of the new executive order and thus ell-positioned to ensure that no harm cernes to the unified public relations program that the bureau has buil t As you are a are not all questions concerning the implementation of the new executive order are essentially public r lations issues but on the - -- ----- - - -- - _ - - _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 -3- implementation of the order in general and on those questions in particular the Department l7ill continue to look to PA for advice and guidance Although· you lould not have chosen the arrangements selected 'by 'Jr Read many of your concerns appear to have been provided for in those arrangements I am sure that the timeliness and persuasiveness of your memorandum contributed to that result The task ahead is to ensure that the spirit as well as the letter of the new executive order is ully implemented We all hope hat PA and the Classifidation Declassification Center ill work together tm'lard that 'obj ecti ve • I -------------- ------ -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471712 Date 01 11 2018 '-o n-rrD -biJ il- rD ' rl - Il Il- J -n-ri Dii-irD-g-llirhu w -___ -_----- t- OUTGOING TELEGRAM DEPARTMENT OF STATE FORM DS 322 OCR __A I _' M N ti iSS I f _ _ ' - -_-_-_- ' SPECIAL C l-A s s r F IC A T I O N ' ' '·_-_-' _' -NJK NAA t l-- - D-TG----f IRELEASE IN PART I IS6 I SIGNATURE CHARGES - SI p'C· I PET£RSON bIIU·72 X22 72 TEl EXT S P ICARGO ------------ M E ---------- 1 OffIce NAME 2 NA 'E OFFICE 3 4 CLEARANCES 5 ClEARANCE5 S ____________________________ 7 _________________________ 8 -J O€SIl EO DISTRIB'JTION ROUTINE eoENcE IGUATEMALA ACTION ADDRESSES INFO PRECEDENce I INFO ADDRESSES SENr CH_A_N EL ______________________________________ CAprIO lS I INlTI ' S r AIJT fROM-»IRECTOR S PC DIi 1T£R t' REf GUATEMALA 2534 liv - Ltl THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGe RECEIPT DI OF REFTEL DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SUBMITTED Y I I THE YIE S EXPRESSED IN THIS MESSAGE ILl RECEIVE FULL ATTENTION IN THE DEPARTMEHT INITIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THIS TELEGRAM HAS BEEN MADE TO THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGE ENT THE DIRECTOR GENERAL'S OFFICE THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF TH DEPARTMENT AND THE OFFICE Of COMMUNICATION 2 2 CABLE CONTAINING DEPARTMENT VIEWS ILL FOLLOW I 3 4 s 6 7 YY B 6 5 4 3 1 o I CLASSifiCATION 1- _ _ - -- - - ---- -- -- • - 't ' - - - - •• - - _ - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471712 Date 01 11 2018 86 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 86 DISSENT CHANNEL TO REF 1 Amembassy TEGUCIGALPA Tegucigalpa 2313 Dept 1 s policy with respect to present crisis in 86 Burundi is in substantial agreement 'wi th 1-1___--'1 1 s view as transmitted ref tel 2 As soon as e crisis erupted on April 29 with a coordinated Hutu attempt to overthrow the Tutsi regime the USG tried to be helpful from both the humanitarian and political points of view In response to requests from the Burundl Red Cross Catholic Relief Services and Caritas International we supplied $80 000 worth of relief supplies to help victims of the initial hostilities _ We are reasonably certain that these suppl es reached the intended recipients without discrimination against any ethnic group 3 On the political side we joined with other govts represented in Burundi in an appeal to the Burundi Govt to refrain from reprisals and repression against the Hutu magority In view of the fact that we have no aid program in Burundi beyond a modest self-help program $35 OOO in FY 72 and that traditionally the US has been LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - - _---- - -_ _- --'--'-' -- ---_ _-- - __ _ ____ _____ __ 1' 7'--- '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 identified with the Hutus because of American missionary activity we felt that the most effective pressure on the regime to cease the' epression would have to corne from °H f'I J W I' J other African govts We engaged 7 6 iPlom - with African leaders who are well known and respected in Burundi such as President Mobutu of Zaire Ould Daddah of Ethiopia Mauri ania Pre ident and Emperor Haile ·Selassie of Apart from Mobutu who sent a special nvoy to Burundi to urge moderation all the other Africans appeared reluctant to interfere in what they considered an internal matter of a sovereign African state The annual summit n conference of the Organization of African Unity June 1972 did not even discuss the problem 4 of As soon as it became clear that the distribution hurnanit rian assistance was being controlled in such a manner as to deprive the Hutus in favor of Tutsis we suspended all consideration of providing further aid Other organizations such as the ICRC also suspended plans for providing assistance 5 In late June the Secretary General of the UN sent a mission to Burundi to determine the facts and to recommend courses of action The mission was sent with LIMITED OFFICIALUSE _____ _0_ ___ _____ __ ___ -_ '_' ___' _ _-_ - _----_ __ - --- --' ' ·jjNCl ASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016- 07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 3 our encouragement and Embassy Bujumbura assisted the· mission in obtaining an accurate picture of the situation despite Burundi Govt efforts to the contrary We are now awaiting the Secretary General's reaction and are encouraging his associates to move quickly because the killing and suffering contirue 6 In addition to the suffering within Burundi a seriou refugee problem has developed in neighboring countries especially along Lake Tanganyi·ka in eastern Zaire Most of the refugees including many Hutu students who escaped execution squads are in terrible con ition The Dept has requested the posts ip the area to focus on the problem and make recommendations We have urged the UNHCR to take an urgent interest in the matter and they hav e agreed to send a representative to the area immediately to coordinate as istance The Catholic Relief Services is already working there and the Dept gave that organization a grant of $50 000 on July 14 to start the relief program going while we obtain more detaiis 7 Believe from the foregoing you will agree that USG doing the maximum within its limited capabilities to help the Hutus and encourage return to pea eful conditions LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472807 Date 01 11 2018 -_ _ _ _-------------------------- I _ a _ •••• ' • RELEASE IN PART 86 Department of State LIMITED OFFICrA USE JELEGRAM 898 PAG 01 STATE 0 2538 44 SS I ORIGIN iNFO OCT u 01 DRAF EO 1015 R BY S PC RRPETERSONIJK 3 6 73 EXT 22 72 APPROVED BY S PC WICARGO SIS • MR HARRY BARNES T MR NEWMAN Ar • AMB CLAUDE G ROSS AF E w MR WENDELL 8 COOTE S PC • MR· HERBERr SPIRO ' ID • • • W R 081422Z MA 73 F SECSTATE WAS DC TO AM MBASSY ADDIS ABABA rHrTED 130474 OFFICIAL USE SrATE 042538 DISSENT CHANNEL 11652 NO TAGS PI·NS £T SUBJECT DISSENT e o I REF I C ANNEL AN ' I---- 1 ADDIS ASASA AIRGRAM FROM A-23' DATEO rEB 1 - _ _ _ _- 1 7119'73' STATE 0331'73 1 DEPTQ HAS RECEIVED WITH INTEREST THOUGHTFUL rDElS E PRESSgp IN REF AIRGRAM ANO APPRECIATED THEM THEV WILL BE TAKEN INto ACCOUNT DURING CONTINUING ASSESSMENT ERE OF PROBtEMS ADORESSEOo COUNTRY DIRECTOR LOOKS roRWARO TO DISCUSSION Or ISSUES INVOLVED DUR NG HIS FORTHCOMING VISIT To ADDIS ROGE S 20 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472807 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016 07743 Doc No C06445677 Date 12 12 2017 IRELEASE IN FULLI ' Departnzent Of State t i 1 i 'r''''' t 5 ·· - ' SEORET PA E t A6 01 02335 2715 4Z 02 OF 02 S drm r _ i he '1'1 O'N t I t JXNFO 'f A ' 1 ADDIS 9258 S S 1'0 OCT 01 QSOQ00 1011 W ' ' ' 011B 5 l 0 271320Z Ft 75 ' J f r M AMf M6hSSY ADDIS ABABA i i j 'i'O SE CST A TE W sHDe I MMEO IATt · 3389 MiCONSUL ASMARA f 1 NFO e t 4 1 'j t CTION T 2 OF 2 ADDIS ABABA 2336 Exnxs f ' 1 ' ' NOFORN f 1 - f • t _ i· nI StNT I • p r HANN L 1 • i'l A F I POSSI SL E REPR I SAL S AGA I NS T AMC I T8 AS REF 6 MAKES CLEAR B n IS HIGHLV b IKEI V THAT AMERICANS IN ERITREA AND INDEEO MERICANS J i L Ehi Ii ERa 1'1 ETI'll 0 P A MAV Br COM ETA Rr Ei S 0 F RET ALI II T ION I F WE H l l ANY PART OF THE EfHIOPIAN REP ENISHMENT P-EQUEST g us WOUL D BE REJECTI G ITS FRIENOS EMBASSY PESONNEL J ESPECIA LY TH SIGNATORIESi HAVE REPEATEO V BEEN APPROACHED BY r 4 r ANr r G Q f TH OP ANS fROM lI L WALKS OF L IFE' REQUESilNG TH usr TO REJECT ' n AT T lE VEKY LEAST D AV ANy OECISION ON HIt ALREADY PUbLJ CfU O t j HIDPIAN MILlTARy REPLENISHMENT REQUEST IT IS REALIZED THAT THE 1 t' • F NAASS 0 sus tJ ALe I T AC' ' S ARe TH 5 E I NiH E 1 0 R AF f L LJ Ni l 0Dto RN H J r TOR CU MEKCEp BUR AUC ACYi ETCQ WHO PRUSPERED UNuER THE OLO f1 'j EG ME HOWEVER THEY REPHESENT A CROSS SECTION OF ETHIOPIA S L - 1 'I M I ED ETHN I C ANi RELIGI DUS ROUPS 0 iO I W AillT SUCH A REQUEST 9 t f I I H Y SiAiE p IS TO SUPPORT A GOVE NMENT DEOICATEO TO TH EVERY IjESi G uF A OE 10CRATIC SOClf TY IN ETHIOPY iHr aELIEV THAT rl'lE PMAC IS' A RADICAL Lt FT I'lING GROUP WHICH I ' J nE TRuCTION Of yj M I y ' THE ABILITV AND EXPERIENCE NEEQED TO GOVERN AND IS EXPENOING IILL ITS ENERGIES rt 2 RELV TO SURVIVE IT IS ACTING RA'SHbY AND 1 RRATII'JNAl L' IN THE HOPE THAT ITS RAOICAL ECONOMIC ANO SOCIAL J RE nRGMH ZAi I 0 I SC1'1 Ettl ESC 4 8 E ceo MP LIS HE0 6 E F RET Ii E II 0 I RGII I S t ·l nE ROVED IN THIS VIEW g THE PMAC IS A HIGHLAND' AMHARAJGALLA · I ' LACKS g dr · '7nkSi'-j7P d·qi H FOR 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AFFRONT AT THE BLATANT AN7 · _ • 'AJ f 3 ANil MOSLE 1 THEME OF £PMG PROflAGANOA WHIL E IT lS liNL IKELY THAT ANV Or THE MORE P'RIENDLY ARAB POWERS WOULD CO iPI ETEbV AEnRIENT THEIN fO elGN PO ICV IS-A VIS THE UNITEO STATES B CIU8E OF THE MI ITARV REPLENISHMENT IT WOULD MOST PR06 BLV MUDDY THE WA ERS o 8ILATERAL RELATINS FOR SOME T1M SINCE AN ATTEMPT 6t A MIlITARV SOLUTION TO THE PERITREAN PRO LfM ' IS LIKELY TO -r NV'OLVE PROTR CTEO CONF CT THIS 8A 6 IN US-ARAB RELATIONS' WOI Il O BE A REI ATIVEI V LUNG ' ASTlNG IRRITANT Q C STS AND ALTERNATIVES A ' 'HE SIGNATORIES t lEL IEVE THAT'THE COSTS OF A OEFERRED DECISION ON T E THIOPIAN EQUEST ARE SIGNIFICANTLY SMAL LER T AN EITHER J 1 n THE TWO OTh R ALTERNATIVES I E GRANiING OF AI L OR Af lT Or tlR R fUSXNG THE ETHIOPIAN Rt PI ENISHt1F NT Rr QUEST AS ST lTi O ' A6 V ETH PIA HAS PR06ASLY RIED OTHER ARMS SOURCES AND 'Al EOD N ADD TtON THE US HAS CONT NUALLV EXPRESSED ITS WIL INGNES5 ro 1 H LP ETHIOPH DEVELOP ECONOMlt AI L Y IN THAT REGARD A l 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212333 02' OF 02' 211534Z H c MENTIONED ABOYE IS THE BEST POLICYg THE SECOND af8r S A HEJECTION r1l T1 1£ T IE ETHIOPIAN REQUEST AS THE EMBASSY HAS NOTED SEFORE THIS COULD RESULT IN T E EPMG R QUEST'NG THe us i iO REDUCF OR TERMINATE ITS 6I ATERAL RELATXONS PEACE CORPS AAGp AID ET WHILE SUCH AN ETHIOPIAN REACTION IS P05SI8Lfp THE SIGN4TORIES BELIEVE THAT GIVEN ETH70PIA'S CURRENT OELICAT f li l ANn DIFFICULT IiuATION THE PMA WOUL D REJECT SUCH A RADICAL i REACTlON Q WE 6eLIEVEp HOWEVER p THAT IT IS QUITE LIKELY THAT IN ' FOR THE PR SENT ·Of- ·F ' 11 t J NEAR TERM RELATIONS WILL f 1l ' CONSID RA8LE OvER THE PAST SEVERAL THE ' HF J 'fh1 REMAIN COOLs GIVEN T E USqEPMG ANTI WE5TERN MEnIA PRO SOCIALIS MONTliS SLoe PROPAGANDA IN T E UB IQ_UITOUS TEACMING OF MARXI T RHETORIC IN THE SCHOOLS ND DIRGIS STRONG RfLUCTANCE TO DEAL PuBLICLY WITH US ANO OTHER DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIV S ' I WE BELIEVE THAT LITTLE IN 1HE CUR ENT NATURE OF OuR ReLATIONSHIP i 'i WIl L BE CHANGf O By A uS REFUSAL u 4 t er 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REPLENISHMENT REQUEST 0 f ' nnULO wyMAN B NOYE BY OC T DISTRIBUTION PER S 5 O • MR SHANKlEo 1- ' · · j f Nor 'TO BE REPR DUCED ' I WITHOUT THE 'AUTHORIZATION OF·'THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY ' SECRET ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445677 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476346 Date 01 11 2018 6 6NF I BE Ht I AL OUTGO If G Depart1 ient Of State PAGE 111 ORIGIN STATE TELEGRAM 272283 6963 SP- J2 RELEASE IN PART 86 INfO OCT-OO· ADS-OO ES-Ol 003· R ORAfHD BY SIP DBANDLER AG APPRO Vf 0 BY SIP PWO LF0WI TZ --------- ----- --175760 280124Z IJ R 272106Z SEP 82 FM SEC STATE WAS H DC TO AMEMBASSY ROME e 6 NFl BEN I I A L STATE 272233 R L-I_ _ _----'IFROM SIP PAUL WOlfOWITZ - E O 12356 12356 DECLAS OADR TAG S PEP R P I N·T Pl 0 XF IS LE I SUBJECT U ·5 POLICY TOWARD ISRAEl REFERENCE ROME 21467 J 1 - -- ENTIRE TEXT 2 THANK YOU fOR YOUR DISSENT CHANNEl MESSAGE ON U S POLICY TOWARD ISRAEl PER'YOUR REOUEST THE MESSAGE 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j' j i ---II'--_--_ _ ____------------------_ 1' _ lI UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 C06415574 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 ' 1 - - CONFIDENTIAL -i _ -' J SUDAt'E 00437' 03 OF 114 BuT IMPROVING tONDITJUNS NOr TO ENCUUHAijf EXCESSIVE CRALLtNG HICH NIGH STNENGtHEN HtPKESSIVE FDHC S AI I' c TUHfi TO PAS - - FINALLY IT CbULU E Odj CTED wE AH TYING OUR HANDS RiNOUN'lNG AkV OPTION TO I T MVENE TO RING fO-PUWER A FRlENi lLY IJE IOCRA1' C R Gr E THlS QrJc CTION COl lL O BE HU E fO C ULLY MADt lrH REG RO TO A T I D WORLD STATE R SPONSE TO'THIS lsi HO oFTtN 00 WE R A LY EXPECT'TO INTER'VF Ht ' IN THlS 'HANNeR IN FUTUR£ ALSu w£ ARc FAR MU LIKELY TO ISH lU USE ENUNCI TtD P LICy AS A 12 6 JUSTIFICATION fOR NONaINT£RVgNriOtl 'fUI EXAMPLE If'l ' GRtA ANO CHILE S C ETARY' SPE Ch MO tOVER COULD A AY AS TU LEAV uS AS MUCH Of AN HEfAIN TO LAUNCH A cuvtRT OPER TlON IHCUMSTANCES riHEN A VIT L U 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C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 i u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 i iI C j i I I t J • ' I i _ I ONFlDENT j PAGE 03 UDAP€ 0437 lAL 3 OF 04 10143 Z I J I - S Tt MI C HAN GEl N CH CH0 SL 0 VA IA Ii HI w0 UL 0 l e A0 r 0 J OV RTHROW Of CZtCH RE I E USG INSiT N lGHT TO PtflTiON ANU STArt VltWS ANa TO PUSH fON LOhG LISl of SPECIFIC HUMAN R1G TS TH Y·MtNrION -W A E OPPUSED TO JAILIN OR EXI E of CHARIEH 5IGHtR5 rei t u A SEMBLY 1 w CANNOT I CZECH GOVERNMENT ru ACCE T· Sp £ H r I UN Rt S r RIC 1 EO RIG H T OF ANU HIGHI' TO '5TR1K fUN THIS·ALMOST HUWEVEH tXPECT I NH t S TR J J o AS i f Rt t 0 0 f'l Uf j i· J TAN1AMOUNf TO CKEidloi UF pOLiTICAl ' OI-'PUSlflON DESPITE I SPONSO S WE OULU STILL NftD DElt MINE HOW EYO U-PROPOSEO SECR fARils SPEECH wE ARtICUL t Tr U s VIErlS ON CKARTt H 77 If' AT ALL tlUl OOLO E t AR kE' ISHED REMAIN WITHIN RAMETERS OF DISCLAlMERS OF CHARrEk SUGGt S TEO - SPEt CH Hi - 'I' i 1 1 l- - C5CE USG-WOU O HoLD COMMuNIST STAr S TO aASK T III PUSH rOW HUMAN WIGHTS WE AOVOCAtE-At ELGRAOE-A O B YONO T SAHt Tl E- E WOULU CLtAHLY ANU PUBLICLY Dl AGREE lTH·DOM UN15TS ON O SIANT G0ACS-WHICH wE WOULD C NllNUf ARTICULATE I NON-AGHE$SIVE ANNtR - CHALLENGING CuMhUNIST SlATES TO CUNTINUE pEACtFUL w Of IDEAS E W ULU ATr MPT TU 00HKOUT' CONsrRutTkvtLf WI1H CUMMUNIST s AiES JOiNTLY ANO IN OuR 81LAI' RAL L1rONS STEPS BDTH S 10 Eo 5 CAN' AI i f t E lJ N ' HI P l E 1 c liT HE L I Ni I INC REA St Ci i 0 p t R A rIO l r I' E A r yit ST RE L A rI 0 NS Ar Pf 0 MOT E HUM AN RlGH 1s· · e ORKtRS PORTfsrS SUCH AS IN POLAND 1976 • U S OPFOSES pD lCE·BRUTALITY I SlSTS UPON wO K R I f5 TO EXPRESS GHIEVANCE ANu PETITI0N FOR CHANG S - CALLS POR DUE p E ess Of LA fO iHU5 ACCU ED OF A TI- EGIHE ·Al Tlvlil€S WHILE ilE' ACCEf r HIGHT UF ·PUt lSH GOVERNMENT Tu'St£ TO uBSEHVANCt uF 115 AWS ANU PRtsiRVE ORO wi XPECT COMPASSIO ANO MODERATION l CA RYING ouT A U AGA Ni WH THE ANU ow SP CIF1CALLY TO R lT£RAT£ OK 5P LL uUT IN D TAIL OUH WOULD OEPEND TRIS TASK poL tr ON ·ASSESSt 'It NT OF Sl fUATlON AT TIME · • cb YUGOSLAVIA w£ bACK REQUEST FOR ENO·TO DISCRIMINATION i j 1 1 l i J T I ONFlOENi lAl I j • ' 11 --- ------- ---- ------ ------------- -- ___________ _ _f UNCLASSIFIED U S Depar ment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 i· co 641557 4 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 j I i I 0 1 C 1 ONf IOEN' PAGE 04 lSSUAN E IN 3 OF 4 1 1439Z f '1 1 Of PASSPOI1Ts SOOTR AFHICA' -U G l SISlS U ON fNO TO RACISM AND AL L t AN I 0 BRI NG Hi AT A Uu t j 11 0 RT a F v I 0 l EN T MEA S OR CTIVE' u s tNGAGEME T-l ATtE pr TO 6VERrHRow 1'1 i LOa EXlSfI NG GOVERNMENTo - i - ' II @ '·1 c - ® -i iI I I CGNSIDERA1ION J i ' KoREA U S pRE 5ES FOR ACCEPT Ct OF-HuMAN RIGHTS 'sur AS ELbE HiR RAINS' FROM SUPPUHTl G ACTlyfLY tFFORTS TO'CHANGE PULITlCAL SYSTEM lrl E MO EuvtR IN PU 5UING 1 3 oU fOLICY UF HUMAN RiGHTS ADVOCACY we Husr TAKE iNTO ' - lAl - 0437 aUOAPE i A iIA - oO IMP kTANT SECURITY lNT RESJS - IN EAST saVItT UNION U S 'WOWLU MPLOY ANY P ODENT ANO PotE TIALCY FUHITfUL MEASURES Al ITS Ol PUSAL TO INSURE 'F EEOOM o EMIGHAYION fREEDOM TO THAVEC FRE DOM O R lG10 -fkEEU M-fNOM AR8ITRARy A HE T AND so FORTH - G i 1 f j '1 C -1 ij' ·1 @ - I 1 @ ' j @ ' 1 l i I @ ' I f ' Jt l ' @ i 1 - @ r i @ ' 1 - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415574 Da1e 10 11 2017 ' ' co 641 7004 71ED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417004 Date 10 11 2017 I I IRELEASE IN FULLI LIMITED OFFICIAL USE S P MACASEV 8DM EXT- 29716 8-1-77 S P ALAKE SIP - A· DEPORTE SIP-OF NA80YER S P JHARRINGTON SIP ONLY ROUTINE PARIS DISSENT CHANNEL FOR DOBRIN FROM LAKE SIP --rL-' AL MAC MJY-AD E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR FR PINT PGOV SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE FRENCH LEFT USG RELATIONS WITH THE· RJH N'AB 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON USG REbATIONS WITH THE FRENCH LEFT ANTON DEPORTE OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF WILL BE COORDINAT NG A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL PRACTICES YOUR MESSAGE HAS SEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE HAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EUROPEAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOU ON YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED yy LIMITED OFFICIAL USE __ w_ ______ _____ ___________________ ___ ____ _ P_' • • _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417004 Date 10 11 2017' _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446076 Date 12 11 2017 1 --- -- - -- -- ' ---------- - -----' _ _ _---_ ------- -- --- jA J $- DEPARTMENT OF STATE Wuhlnz on D RELEASE IN PART 86 0520 i Augus' 23 1976 MENORANDUM II I 86 FROM sIp - Winston Lord '0 'SUBJECT 1- Your Disse-nt Regarding Cer- ain State Dep'artmeqt Polic ies i I regret that I have· been unable to give you an early reply to your dissent message of Harch 1 ' As you know from your discussions with Don Petterson of my staff the delay has been a result of our effort -to obtain the best possible response to the points you made regarding employee rights in s curity interviews I am continuing to pursue this matter and hope to have something ready for' you s60n - In the meantime I would like as you suggested to respond to th other t lO ·issues you raised in- your letter 'Export Licenses and Rhodesian·Sanetions The courtroom proof standard t-lhich was a'pplied in the case of the export license for the sale of the DC-8 to Gabon was changed by the· Departments of State 'and Commerce in the fall of 1'974 according to the Burea4 of African·Affairs I -am alsp informed by AF that the chahge t'O a believe-there-is-a-likelihood standard was a result of the diversion of the Gabonese DC-8 to Rhodesi·a AF notes that of co rse there can be no absolute guarantee that a product wou d not be diverted for Rhodesian use and that there could be oecasions when decisions would have to be made on the basis of a judgment based on such factors as indications of possible'misuse on the one hand and on the other the degree of credence that should be given to guarantees given by a potential buyer It is fair to conclude that because of the Gabonese case any judgment would be made with great· car and del beration '' i ··· - ' i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446076 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446076 Date 12 11 2017 - ' ' _-_ 2- ' - - - _ _ • u ' i Emeloyee Ac ss to CDC Files - - --- ----- - i ' I I I have Deen informed by th Off ce of Personnel that an arti le as placed in the Jl'ue 1976 Newsletter otifying e n loY 2 es that tney have full access to their personnel files including CDC iles ' ' ' Once a 3 in let me thank you fc your c'ontinued constructive use of the diss'ent ch'annel Your memorandum like tne one you submittnd last fall has had som demonstrable results • I i i • I' ' I 'DRAFTED S P DkPetterson gMcP CLEARANCES AF S Ft'1isner PER LRussell S P-OF Na oyer ' • ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 07743 Doc No C06446076 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446556 Date 12 11 2017 _· _______--- --i I L E A S E IN PA R T JI - _ q DEPARTMENT OF STATE WoslIllI on D r 20S20 March 10 1978 86 ARA CCA Room 3250 Department of State Washington D C 20520 Dear 1'--_ _ _ _ _ JI u s 86 Thank you for your dissent channel message on policy on the Spanish Sahara • I assume that your dissent from ' in't'er 'aTia nan effort to supply Morocco with military equipment which can be used outside j t-s borders refers to a proposed sale of OV-lO aircraft and Cobra helicopters As you may tno after extensi· re consultations lith the Congress the Department has decided not to proceed with these tr nsactions at this time As recently a s last year the U s Government affirmed its adherence to the principle of selrdetermination for the Western Sahara and has suppo rted UN actions tm ard that end In addition the Arms Export Control Act limits the use of US-supplied equipment primarily to maintaining internal security and for legitimate self defense • Our bilate al relations are also an important element in any decision that we make to s ll arms to Morocco Historically Hassan has cooperated closely with us in pursuit of our strategic and diplomatic objectives in the Mediterranean the Middle East and Af ica Moreover the King's courageous support for Sadat has been important in current efforts to achiev a Mideas t peace settlement Thus while legal prohibition and past commitments require that we not sell equipment foz the purpose of aggression e also have strong interests in satisfying Morocco's legitimate defense needs Again thank you for your thoughtful message It is part due to the concerns 'that you raise that we' are not proceeding with the OV-IO transaction at this Juncture in Drafted S P SCohen Clearances S P PKreisberg PM AKochanek NEA SBishop Sincerely W• Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff CONFIDENTIAk - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446556 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476349 Date 01 11 2018 j - 0 0 IRELEASE IN PART 861 I ' r r C UNCLASS IFI ED PAGE €l ORIGIN SF'-02 INPC ST ATE 1584 35 ADS-00 CCT-02 TreE CFT 04 ES-01 'l C tRAFTED'EY S P TTBORNTON EE APPROVEt BY S P PWCLFOWITZ ARA e - S ANCERSON SUES IDCA TDP - MR SCONCE SURS CFP - r' S REAPEY C DESIRED DISTRIBUTION StF RA IDC C 3 eS1750Z JUN 82 F c TC ------------------111 20 SECSTATE WASHDC SAN JOSE A EMEAS Y UNCLAS STATE 15S42·5 C T ISS'ENT CHANNBL - FOP I E O 12e'65 I 1720a 9Z 38 I F lOM N A ENRG TRGY CS UF JEG'I ' ALCOp or F S IE· I Ll TY STUDY C 'I AGS ' H SAN SiP WDLFOiHTZ JOSE ' 22 7 1 THANK Y0U FO YOUP ISSENT GHANNEl MESSAGE HEFTEL ON ' THE TDP AICOROL FEA5IEILITY S'Uty sip EAS DISSEMINATED IT TC THE PRINCIFAL OF ICERS 05 EE DSP RTME AND CRECXED CU THI POINTS HAT yeU MADE WITH THE RELEVANT BUR AUS c ' j 2 YCU3 CCNCERN HAT TEE E MAY NOT E FINANCING AVAILAFLE FCR EB OVERALL PROJECT IS WIDELY SHARE OBVIOUSLY NOPCDY CAN IE APSOLUTELY SUaE OF THE FUNDING OF THr PROJECT UNTIl ALL OF 'THE ASPECTS BAVE P EN' DEVELOPED AS YOU peINT OUT HO'IlEVER SCP 'F Ci TlJP ·rUNDS SHOULD NO' BE USED UNCLASS FlED c c I UNCL SSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476349 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476349 Date 01 11 2018 WITHOUT RiASONAFLE INYESTMENT XPECTATIUNS IT IS rUB TH T REISCN THAT rDP IS fAXING A VERY CLOSE LOOK AT TH INVKST EN'I' FO'J'ENTIAL INcrUDING SOME rNTERN TIONH liPHNCHL INSTITUTIONS TEAT H I V EXPP ESSEC INTEREST BEFCRE cor1MIT- ' TIKG THEMSELVES TO TAKE ON THE FIASIPILITY STUDY IF IT TURNS OUT TRAT TEERE IS A RE SON BLE POSS lEILITY F0P FUNDING TfiE PROJECT THE FEASIP LITY STUDY WOULD ' I A SENSI LE NEXT STEP IN lOCKI G AT A PCTENTIALLY VALUA LE OPFORTUNITY C rOR ceSTA RICAN DEVELOPMENT AND FO AMERICAN 'TP ADE o o CO 'I' 4 o ' 'fP CONFIRMS INCIDENTil LLY T'RE POINT' MADE IN P A- GRAPH 5 OF RFFTEL -- THAT TEE STUDY SHOULD NeT DUPLICATE WO K AL3EADY rONE SINCE THERE ARE NO STUDIES AVAILAPLE SAl EXA INE THE USE OF ETP ANOL IN DIESEL ENGINES OR THE '1'0 COSTA HIeA CF SUG K A CCNVE SSION IN SUM Tij ' yeUR CeNCIRNS HAVE BEIN AISED AT THE FeINTS IvRERE DECISIONS ARE NOYT nING CONSIDER'ED TH'ERE rOES NOT SEEM TO n ANY SU STANTIAL DISAnEEMEN'T OVER 'I'EEr' AND TEZY WILL FE 'I'AKEN IN'i'C FULL ACCOUNT e IT IS IMPORTANT TEAT VIEWS SUCE AS THE ONE YOU SET FOETH IN YOUR DISSE T MESSlGE BE EFFECTIVELY C0MMUNICATED rECISION MAKI G POINTS WITEIN THE UEPARTMENT IF AT 0 O ALL F0S IPtE THIS SHOULD BE DONE TBROUG NORMAL REP09TING 1 FRCCEtU ES WHICH A E KOHE RAPIDLY AND FULLY DISSEMINATED AIE0 NCR AL REPORTING SHOUtD FINElIT FROM TBP FULL ST PCSSIELE RANGE OF RESPONSIBLE VIEWS IN USING THE nSSENT CH 4'NNEL IT IS IMPO TANT TO OBSERIJE THE t'EPAF 'I'MENT'S GUIDELINES IF JANUARY 19 1 77 AND TE'Fi t' I PROVISIOKS OF 2 FA 101 AND 11 JAM 243 HESE SPECIFY TRl T THE CHANNEL IS INTENDED Te' BRING TC LIGHT FOLICY VIE S TEAT MAY NOT OTHERWISE CO E TO THE ATTENTICN CF UNCLASSIFI£ C I jo o UNCLASS FIE PAGE 03 I - STA'I'E 158435 FCLICYMAKERS RAT¥ EP THAN FOR T ANSMISSION OF POSITICNS THAT T E CONCB NEt MISSICN WOULD BE WILLING TO SEND FORWARD IN 'I'F I NORMAL COURSE OF 'PUSINE S STOESSEL l UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476349 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476932 Date 01 11 2018 J RELEASE IN PART 86 J - eON FI · rA S P ABOHLEN HDM 30 ab EXT 7898b S P RHSOLOMON OPEN FORUM NLABRIE S P JLIIIASHBURN IMMEDIATE S P NLEDSICY NElli DE LHI DISSENT CHANNEL FOR L' JI·'FROM s P DIRECTO'R SOLOMON _____ E O 1235b DECL TAGS MNUC SUBJECT NUCLEAR TESTING MORATORIUM REFS 1 OADR PARM A 8S LONDON 21865 CONFIDENTIAL ENTIR B NEW DELHI 7706 ' TEXT '2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR THOUGHTFUl PIECE ADVOCATiN'G THAT THE US PROPOSE A FIVE YEAR BAN ON NUCLEAR TESTING YOU HAVE DONE A FINE JOB IN SCRUTINIZING SOME OF THE MOST COMMON ARGUMENTS AGAINST A TESTING MORATORIUM AND PROVIDING WELL-THOUGHT OUT COUNTER ARGUMENTS OF YOUR O N SINCE THE TiME YOU WROTE YOUR MESSAGE MOREOVER THE ISSUES YOU' RAISE HAVE BECOME EVEN MORE TIMELY GENER L SECRETARY GORBACHEV HAS EXTENDED THE ORIGINAL SOVIET MORATORIUM SEVERAL TIMES BEYOND ITS ORIGINAL EXPIRY DATE OF JANUARY 1 HAS REAFFIRMED HIS PROPOSALS TO RESUME CTB NEGOTIATIONS'IN HIS ANUARY 15 PROPOSAL AND IS TRYING TO EMPHASIZE THE TEST BAN AS A PRIORITY TOPIC FOR THE NEXT US-SOVIET SUMMIT A TEST BAN CONTINUES TO AROUSE GREAT INTEREST IN THE US A RECENT CONGRESSIONAL eeNFUE nIAL _ _-- - _-'- - _-_ _ - _ _- - '- -- _ __ --- __ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476932 Date 01 11 2018 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE WD I iton D C 0520 March it 1978 DearLI______________ 86 ' This letter is in res·ponse· to your dissent channel message concerning decontrol and release of Limited Official Use and unclassified material As you are aware 5 FAM 952 1 describes the proper basis for the marking of any document Limited Official Use Certain official information and material which is not national sec urity in formation 'and therefore cannot be classified is nonetheless protected by law against disclosure Several laws provide the basis for this protection ' One main source of law to protect information against disclosure is the Privacy Act thus the Biographic Register and personnel records are properlydesignated Limited Official Use Another is found in Congressional legislation that protects trade secrets and various other information against unwarranted disclosure The Freedom of Information Act recogn izes several categories of information which can be withheld from public disclosure ·This is not to say of course that all information which can be withheld should be designated LOU According to the' Foreign Affairs Manual unless there is a legal requirement to protect information for reasons other than national security it cannot properly be marked Limited Official Use There is absolutely no question but that the majority of documents marked Limited Official Use have not been designated on the bas s of specific legal requirements I L--- B u r e a u o f I n t e-r-- Am e r can 86 Affairs Department of State ---- -- -------- ----------_ _--------- ----- - ---- ------- ---- ----------------- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 05 g IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 '-2However LOU remains a valuable designation because it affords a degree of protection to sensitive information which is not classified The classification system itself· has been under review through the process of a Presidential Review Memorandum This review will result in a new Executive Order on classif cation of national security information The text of this order should be issued some time this Spring The order generally defines more clearly and makes more restrictive the use of classification designations and ill make clear that other designations such as Limited Official Use are not to be used to protect national security information • While Limited Official Use is not a national security designation and therefore not a subject of the new Executive Order it would be helpful if at the time the State Department issues its implementing regulations and instructions to deal with the new Executive Order the proper use of Limited Official Use is brought to the attention of classifying officers In particular it should be made clear that this designation should be used only when a specified legal or regUlatory basis exists Officers should also be aware tbat national security information should be classified as provided for in the new Executive Order The regulations governing handling and storage of LOU material will also be reviewed at that time Your second question concerned the release of unclassified material As yo u are aware Congress has provided in the Freedom of Information Act for standards and procedures to be used in releasing government material upon request In response to this Congressional mandate the Department drew up regulations to implement the law The basic point in practice is that the proposed release should be authorized by the office that has the responsibility for the record in question I am enclosing a copy of these regula i0ns which answer your specific questions on ForA procedures If you have any particular complai'nts about the manner in which the Department responded to the request to release the reporting cable yo spoke of these regulations provide for an a peal of an initial denial --- - - -------- ----- --- -- --------- - ----_ - --- - - - - -_ _- - _ --- ----- ---- -- - - -- ---------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 co 6 41 705 g IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 - -3- f I am sending a copy of this letter to the Chairman of the Committee on Classification Policy Assistant Secretary Hodding Carter so that your'concerns about the improper·use·of the designation Limited Official Use can be dealt with in the process of updating State Department regulations to implement the new Executive Order on classification policy j ' I • '2 t Sincerely yours ' ' J A i 'f ' - __ Paul' H Kreisberg Acting Director Policy Planning Staff Enclosure As sta'ted UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 -- - --- UNCLAssi'FIE'D U S -·Department of Stat Case-No- -F 2-016-07743 'Do 'No_ C0643'1972 Date 11 13 2017 RELEASE IN PART i ' 86 il CONfIDErHIAL ' i S P NBOYER GMCP 3 17 77 EXT 29716 S P TLAKE EAI ANP CSQ UIRE S P RJHARRINGTQN SIP ONLY ROUTINE f1EL80URNE STADIS DI-SSENT CHANNEL TL E O 11b52 GDS C TAGS ELAB AS SU8J EeT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE 1976 LABOR REPORT FOR AUSTRALIA REF A STATE 44780 B· CANBERRA A-3 C MELBOURNE O 13 fORI ____ I FROM TONY LAKE DIRECTOR POLICY PLANNING STAff 86 I HAVE NOW RECEIVED ALL OF THE REFtRENCED DOCUMENTS AND REVIEWED YOUR REQUEST TO HAVE CANBERRA A-3 REDESIGNATED AS A DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE I HAVE DECIDED NOT TO DO SO ' TH DISSENT CHANNEL IS INTENDED TO GIVE VOICE TO POLICY' VIEWPOINTS WHICH CANNOT OTHERWISE BE EXPRESSED SINCE THE EMBASSY TRANSMITTED THE MESSAGE IN QUES'TION I BELIEVE THE BASIC OBJECTIVE HAS BEEN FULFILLED AND THERE IS NO NEED TO RESORT TO THE DISSENT CHANNEL 1 2· CANBrRRA A-3 IS BEING DISTRIBUTED TO EA INR SIP SilL AND THE CIA I BELXEVE THAT THIS MEETS YOUR BASIC REQUEST REGARDING DISTRIBUTION OF YOUR REPORT YY COPJF'IPENTIAL ----'- - - -'- - - '-- - --' _ _ __ a __ h ____ 'C' __ _ _ _ ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No _ _ -' _____ gq 3j972 __ Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431594 Date 11 13 2017 • I RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE SIP MELY RJHARRINGTON BDM EXT 22972 6-2-77· S P ALAKE EBIOIA - MR SMITH S P-OF N80YER SIP ONLY ROUTINE BOGOTA STAtT - D T IT C Y ANNEL FOR _ r ·FROM E O 11652 TONY LAKE DIRECTOR SIP N A TAGS EINV CO SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE · OPIC ANDEAN INVESTMENT MISSION REF A BOGOTA 1639 B BOGOTA 2651 1 AS YOU ARE AWARE IT WAS NOT POSSIBLE TO REVERSE THE DECISION TO SEND THE OPIt INVESTMENT MISSION TO BOGOTA AGREEMENT IN·PRINCIPLE AT A HIGH LEVEL BETWEEN lTATE AND OPIC HAD ALREADY BEEN REACHED PRIOR TO YOUR INITIAL DISSENT MESSAGE BY THE TIME QF YOUR SECOND DISSENT MESSAGE INVITATIONS HAD ALREADY BEEN ISSUED TO PRIVATE MEMBERS ·r 2 THERE WAS A DIVISION OF OPINION IN WASHINGTON OVER THE UTILITY OF THE MISSION SOME FELT THAT IT MIGHT HAVE BEEN OF SOME POSSIBLE VALUE AND THAT THE INCLUSION Of COLOMBIA SHOULD NOT BE OPPOSED N VIEW OF VISITS TO ADJACENT ' COUNTRIES GIVEN THE DIVERGING VIEWS ON THE UTILITY Of THE MISSION PLUS SOME STRONG FEELING FROM OPIC ITSELf IT 'WA - t DECIDED TO PROCEED _ YOUR ARGUMENTS TO CONT AR WERE 'i COGENr AND WE XPRESSED 'r ' - t f 'I -» '- ' L·'· l''''-' ''''' ''P ''' t t 1rf3 1f i rAl SE ¥ r -'t- ' - J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431594 D e 11 13 2017 --- --------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431594 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I 2 3 IT IS CLEAR IN RETROSPECT THAT YOU WERE CORRECT IN fORECASTING A VERY MODEST AND FOR OPIC DISAPPOINTING COLOMBIAN RESPONSE TO T HE MISSION THE POLICY ISSUE THAT UN ERLIES OPIC ACTIVITIES IN THE INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AREA IS NOW UNDER INTERAGENCY EXAMINATION WE HOPE THAT THE EXPERIENCE GAINED WILL CONTRIBUTE TO BETTER PLANNING OF SUCH MISSIONS IN THE FUTURE INCLUDING FULL CONSULTATION WITH THE fIELD ' y I REGRET THE DELAY IN RESPONSE YOU ARE COMMENDED FOR'YOUR' CONSTRUCTIVE USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL YY f - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431594 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445678 Date 12 11 2017 I LIMITED FFICIAL USE RELEASE IN PART 86 S P-OFP RFSMITH BDM 3-4-75 EXT 28790 S P SWLEWIS S P HJSPIRO SIP DISTRIBUTION ONLY ADDIS ABABA ROUTINE I· DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR SUBJtCT REF' DISSE t MESSAGE 1-1 ' A'DDIS 2335 FOR _----' 1-1_ _--'I _ i AND ·1'----- --_ _----' 86 '1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF REFER£NCED DISSENT CABLE MR H R B RT· SPIRO OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAfF' SIP HAS BEEN NA ED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE • 2 f IN ACCORDANCE' WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR CABLE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR' OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND T'iE I-iA'IR PERSON OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM PANEL COPIES HAVE ALSO BEEN SENT TO THE DEPUTY SECRETARY THE' UNDER SE RETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR SECURITY ASSISTANCE THE ASSISTA T SECRETARY FOR AFRICAN AFFAIRS AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF OLITICO- I ITARY ·AFfAIRS • 3 L - ' ' ' O FICIAL l I J - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' ------------- LIeUTED USE ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445678 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445678 Date 12 11 2017 r 7 '3_ E r 'AL E ' t ' ' I ' ' C M EN1 YOUR 'E F TH ' ISSENT CHANNEL R· PL Y ' AS P 9r 1PTL Y AS P08SIBLE TO YOUR CONCERN 4 ' WE - AND 'WILL ljIy ' ' t 'f • - ' - - - • • ' ' ' • • - ' ' J o '- ' - f·· - ' i ' ' # • - ' to • ' ' • _ • t' i • ' ' r • • ' • • • t p' - ' - ' • ' w' - - ' ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445678 Date 12 11 2017 ---------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431974 Date -1'1 13 2017- _ r c RELEASE IN PART 86 1- - RJ -- Attached is a draft reply I' series o dis sen messages 0 Australian Labor J Since he has resigned from the Dept I ve witten it in an unclassifie form Have also geared it to teer clear of major flak fr the Embassy and to keep the des officer from between· a rock an a hard place If you agree with t Il11 send out for cie UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431974 Date 11 13 2017 _·····_·1 i 86 I I I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446081 Date 12 11 2017 - - - _-------_ _--- - _---- - -- - DEPARTMENT OF STATE t BRIEFING MEMORANDUM G • SIS eOMPIBEUq Il' L December 4 1975 DISSENT CHANNEL To The Secretary From· sIP Nins ton Lor Dissent Channel Nemorandum on Terrorism ________ Ihas sent to'me through the dissent channel a memorandum Tab 1 dissenting from Department policy on hostage situations her main argument is tha we should abandon our current no negotiations policy and instead issue standing instructions that focus solely on the saving of lives in the given situation I also takes issue with the Department on the B e v c r t e r case casts aspersions on the motives underlying Departmental pplicy and alleges that the Department ·is keeping the RAt- IJ study on terr orism under 'wraps because it contains some portions that diverge from current policy 86 86 Beca'use of the importance of the issue I believe I should fon ard I II s memorandum to you despite its trankly unacceptable tone It is an intolerant and poorly organized paper it also fails to come up with useful specific recow endation Nith the help of S CCT I I have replied 'to her Tab 2 i'le took particular care to investigate the charge concerning the RAND contract· and find that CJ allegations are not justified I have taken a more restra ned tone in my reply t an c J deserves 86 86 86 Attachments Tab 1 - I Tab 2 - Reply I dissent 86 86 t ---I_ _ _ _--'1 COW IQS J'UAL DISSENT CP ANNEL _ o f _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Pi 5-t ' ' ' - _ _ •• -- - z __ 'j ' o -_ _ - ---- _ _ _ __- --' _ _-- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No' C06446081 Date 12 11 2017· co 641557 5 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N C06415575 Date 10 11 2017 ' I G- J '1 I'· j I I RELEASE IN FULLI ' I I f I I I I TFC978 1j hl1933Z i ONFIDENTIAl i i I I 0 PAGE 01 ACt lOti SP- l2 r' _ INFo' I 8UOAPE 0437 114 Of 114 1 I OCT 111 lSO-vj0 I 1 FeE W - ------ - · - --142 35Z 0285 2 143 R 1 10942Z f't 8 77 FM AMEMaA SY oU0APE T i 1 T SECSTA1 ASHD t8b @' i j CON FlO E N T I A r ® SECTIUN 4 Of 4 U APEST 0437 j' E O GDS 1 ' T Hl E I Nt s S • 1 N 0 NCL US I 0 Ill URAFT ERN 0 T ESP Rap 0 SE0 SI tLCH oY SE Cn ETARt WUUI O 8t Vt RY TlMt Y AT OUTSET of e 4 11652 ' ' - ' ' i D LSSENT CHANNEL 1 · · · - N W ·A D '11N L 1 ATiON LlEEO l SHOUL U IN DRAfTER'S U£ I Ano IN Y 1 t 1' ' 0 F cuR r i NTel V 1 L RIG H TS l UMOrL IN SOVIET U IUN POLAND ANU CZECHOSLOVAKlA AND f AS 1 APPto UAt H1 NG HEI S1NK 1 F 0 L LOW· up' Mc t T1 i GIN ti ELGI ADE • • 'io t 1 N ION r dEL U L tlfjTh i' I I I'j '1 't f 0 ' I I I ® 1 j ·r ' '1 @ i I @ @ ' aNF DENTlAL @ @ ' @ - 1 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415575 Date 10 11 2017 co 641557 5 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415575 Date 10 11 2017 r ce It • _ t • CLEARANCES AID - Mr Gillian Mr urlivan NS 5940 ------ EB - Mr · Katz Mr Boeker NS EA - M Holbrook Mr Carney ' -- NS SIP Pike OF - Hr Boyer • • _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415575 Date 10 11 2017 - co 641 70 61 I_EI · ·p Rartment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417061 Date 10 11 2017 U T£D I V' STATES GUVERN · H rr - I RELEASE IN PART 86 AM p'pe - Mr Peter Johnson DAl'F _ _ _ _ _- - - 1 July 6 1977 86 'U JJ Cl' Pxocedures for Release of Unclassified and LOU Material P esidcntia1 Review Memorandum NSC-29 directed that a new 8xccutive Order be prepared to replace Executive Order 1J 652 · Points to be considered by the drafting cOJ1unittec included to provipc for the maximum release of i nformab on to the American public on 90vcrnHlent activities and policies consis·ten·t with the need to protect sensitive national security informat·ioni JiO ' How to promote increased public access to this information through a more rapid and systeloatic declassification progrnm Overlaps be t' 'een the n0 H E · ecutiv8 Dram and the Freedom of Information Act as amended anCith8 Privacy Act and l'lhich info cmil tiol1 reqLlin s pro tee cion and long and 'Jh t criteria should be us· c1 £ IJ · III I' in making this judgment 11'1 viei of the above I · ouJ cl apprecia teO r c cej v in' gu id mn on p rocedures for releasing une Lassif iec1 and LOU mr rb l ifll 1 llnd·2rsl 03 nc1 ·that unclassified lilate L'iaJ C ll1 be 1 el o cd ' thG ap ropriate office I am lIot u re what the ttPPY lp d l c officE is and I 'Jould appreci Ite 9uic1elincs Mj to vho C J1l n le 'Jf ' 8 u'nclassified cables tiitillC I spec iEic J11l whttl LlI' pJ c o 'i' lre is Eor mo·terial orJ ' inating h J e fJ11 1 ve r '·1 3 ' 'i811 as material ·Jhich may illvol vt rnOl e tl'ltli1 0110 o f f' i c • 'file q'Jestion is relevant to Ollr h 1I1dliJl9 of l OfT rG qll l s 'I 'Ioll as in sit1 1 ttions 1ilCn ill officer rid sht 1' 1 1 1 n 18r Se an unclassific l cable to 0 non-govermn llt al jJcJ I'r' on his own initiative This office'recently refused to UNCLi S anED ' 4 Nfi r ''' J t ci Ql ·ll0 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417061 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 0'7743 C9NFIBENTIAt Doc No C06431595 OU1GUIN 'Depdrt7n nt Of State PAGE Ill ORIGIN SP-fil2 INFO OCT-Iill STATE 066815 150- 110 ONY-fil0 Q fA pj 1 9 Ell T RELEASE IN PART 86 TELEGRAM 4585 003 R DRAFTED BY S P MACASEY BOM APPROVED BY S P MELY 5 P RJHARRINGTON DRAFT S P-OF NBOVER DRAFT E9 IFD OIA RJSMITH ARA ECP JO'MAHONY DESIRED D1STRIBUTION $ P ONLY ------------------252142Z o 2 5 2 II 5 0 Z MAR 7 7 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMSASSY BOGOTA IMMEDIATE C Date 11 13 2017 11228a 70 I A L STATE 066B 15 STADIS I DISS NT CHANNEL 11652 GDS E O TAGS · EINV CO SUBJECT 01 SSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE MISSIONr------------------REF A OPI C ANDEAN INVESTMENT BOGOTA 2651 FORLI_ _ _-' 1 aUREAUS ACTIVELY CONCERNED WITH RESPONDING TO YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON THE PROPOSED OPIC ANDEAN INveSTMENT MI SION AR AWARE OF THE PLANNED ARRrVA OF THE OPIC REPRESENTATIVES ON MARCH 28 ALTHOUGH YOUR PARA FIVE REFTeL IS WELL-TAKEN THE AOVANCE TEAM HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO DISPATCH OF THE TEAM PROCEED AND IS EXPECl'EO TO 00 '50 SHOULD NOT NEceSSARILY BE CONSTRUED TO MEAN THAT THAT SUGGESTION POSITED IN YOUR OlSSENT MESSAGE HAS BeEN OVERTAKEN BY EVENTS WE EXF ECT TO REPLY TO YOUR OISSENT VERY SHORTL Y VANCE GBNFIBENTIAb UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431595 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No 'C06445680 Date 12 11 2017 -- -- J II l DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART 861 Washlnaton D C 20520 March 10 1975 f C6NPIDElff'l'IhL - DISSENT CHANNEL 86 ' 1 I Dear I am replying to your tim ly and well reasoned dissent memorandum on the Ethiopian Government's request for additional military sales now -- i e before the announcemerit of our response to the Ethiopian re- quest -- in order tq assure you that the arguments you presented were taken into account during the intensive deliberations of the past two weeks The Secretary read your memorandum I In the course of the deliberations there was general agreement with your contention that the reasons which justified our past military assistance to Ethiopia no longer obtain There was also full appreciation of the precariousness bf the current regime in Addis and its intentions of building a radical socialist- state I agree with you also when you write that It would seem wise for the USG not o get involved in this internal Ethiopian situation but I doubt whether a limited ammunition resupply would be viewed as such a commitment I also doubt whether blocking additional arms sales • now probably affords the best hope of forcing it to seek a genuine negotiated settlement of the Eritrean question Given the Ethiopian military government's recent record I would expect any attempt to force it to negoti ate to have quite the opposite effect This does not mean' of course that we should forego use of our continued access to the EPMG and to such other governments as the Sudan's to try to persuade it and the ELF to accept mediation offers By totally rejecting their request we would in all likelihood also cut off our access to them and thereby deny ourselves the opportunity to engage in this kind of persuasive effort We would also appear to be in disagreement with the'overwhelming black African consensus favoring the territorial COMPI BB I9 IAL DISSENT CHANNEL - I -I_ _ _-'--'I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445680 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445680 Date 12 11 2017 eOf FIBBU'i'Ihb DISSENT CHANNEL -2 1 I integrity and retention of existing boundaries of new and old states on the continent Our quandary arises as you are well aware from the fact that we encour ged Ethiopia to become completely dependent upon US arms supplies two decades ago and our reliability in that kind of relationship would become doubtful in the eyes of others if we were to deny Ethiopia a resupply of ammunition at the very time when' it needs it in order to maintain the country's territorial integrity In · uch a situation we have to be 'careful not to lose sight of our broader strategic interests which include our reputation for reliability while we focus on the narrower immediate question of the con ending parties within Ethiopia and their outside supporters In any event and whatever the ultimate outcome your memorandum based upon your experience in Asmara and coming from your ev dent empathy with the local people helped those who read it to clarIfy their thinking Sincerely Winston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff t --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445680 Date 12 11 2017 - - - _ _-------------------- co 6 416 0 61 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416061 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE S P MELY RJHARRINGTON BDM EXT 22972 6-2-77 S P ALAKE EBIOIA - MR SMITH S P-OF NBOYER SIP ONLY ROUTINE BOGOTA STADIS DISSENT CHANNEL FOR I l'fROM TONY LAKE DIRECTOR SIP LO 11652 TAGS EINV I 1 AL ME RJH J RS NIA CO ' SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE · OPIC ANDEAN INVESTMENT MISSION • REF A BOGOTA'lb39i B BOGOTA 2651 AS YOU ARE AWARE IT WAS NOT POSSIBLE TO REVERSE THE DECISION TO SEND THE OPIC· INVESTMENT MISSION TO BOGOTA AGREEMENT IN·PRINCIPLE AT A HIGH LEVEL BETWEEN TATE AND OPIC HAD ALREADY BEEN REACHED PRIOR TO YOUR INITIAL DISSENT MESSAGE BY THE TIME QF YOUR SECOND DISSENT MESSAGE INVITATIONS HAD ALREADY BEEN ISSUED TO PRIVATE MEMBERS 1· THERE WAS A DIVISION OF OPINION IN WASHINGTON OVER THE UTILITY OF THE MISSION SOME FELT THAT IT MIGHT HAVE BEEN Of SOME POSSIBLE VALUE AND THAT THE INCLUSION Of COLOMBIA SHOULD NOT BE OPPOSED ·IN VIEW OF VISITS TO ADJACENT COUNTRIES GIVEN THE DIVERGING VIEWS ON THE UTILITY' Of THE MISSION PLUS SOME STRONG fEELING FROM OPIC ITSELf IT A - 1 DECIDED TO PROCEED YOUR ARGUM NTS TO CO RARY WERE - ' f COGENT AND WE EXPRESSE ' ' 5 2· 't 1 d - ' ' r I _ m j ' _USE'7 _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416061 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 64160 6rlED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416061 Date 10 11 2017 • LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I 2 3 IT IS CLEAR IN RETROSPECT THAT YOU WERE CORRECT IN fORECASTING A VERY MODEST AND FOR OPIC DISAPPOINTING COLOMBIAN RESPONSE TO THE nISSION THE POLICY ISSUE THAT UNDERLIES OPIC ACTIVITIES IN THE INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AREA IS NOW UNDER INTERAGENCY EXAMINATION WE HOPE THAT THE EXPERIENCE GAINED WILL CONTRIBUTE TO BETTER PLANNING OF SUCH MISSIONS IN THE FUTURE INCLUDING fULL CONSULTATION WITH THE FIELD I REGRET THE DELAY IN RESPONSE YOU ARE COMMENDED FOR YOUR· CONSTRUCTIVE USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL YY C06417014 IED u s Department o fState-Case No F-ib16-oi743-6ocNo C'06417014 PAGE 0'1 v A Date 10 11 2017 4427 STATE· 267351 ORIGIN SP-B2 tNfO OCT-Bl E5-01 ·Iso-orr RELEASE IN PART 86 10'04 R· ONY-BB DRAFTED BY S PMACASEY 80M APPROVED BY SIP ALAKE -- DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY --- ----------- --068876 08233lJZ 162 R G82U58Z NOV 77 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMCONSUL MELBOURNE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE'267351 DISSENT C ANNELIIIIIIII i i i ii i ii il 'E O 11652 N A SUBJECT ·DISSENT CHANNEl MESSAGE fOR 1 ---- -_--- JI FROM SIP-LAKE I THANK YOU FOR CANBERRA 7504 86 YOUR DISSENT CHANNE MESSAGE COMMENTING ON WE HAVE SENT COPIES Of YOUR C'OMMENTS TO THE SECRETARY· THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHAIRMAN Of THE OPEN FORUM IN ADDITION TO THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EAST ASIAN FFAIRS THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE AND THE SPECIAL ASSISTANT FOR AFFAIRS INTERNATIONAL LABOR VANCE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - - - - - ' ' - r· - ' - - - '- '- - - 7' ' - _ ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417014 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473003 Date 01 11 2018 - ' ------------------------------------ ---rRELEASE IN PART 1 IcIB 6_ _ 7AGE STAY 1 OFFICIA USE __ l1 TELEGRAM Department of State LIMITED _ 4278 21 802 612 OR GZN SP 03 INFO OCr 01 ES 02 I R ORAFT O BY S PROF aRFSMITH A P OVEO S PtPBSWIERS S P iS MONS av 016542 P 252129% P 74 PM SECSTATE WASHoe iO AMEMBASSy MOSCOW LIMI EO OFFICIA RIORITY USE TATE 211602 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 1165 21 GDS TAGS OGEN PFOR 8UBJECTI DISSENT MESSAGE MOSCOW £Ft FOR L - I_ _ A 342 SEPTEMBER 5 1974 86 __ iHIS WXLL AOKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT of w EEERENCED I AIRGRAM MRg THOMAS StMONS OF THE POLICY PLANNIN TAFF SIP HAS BEEN NAMED COOROINArOR IN CHARGE OF' SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE 10 THIS DISSENT MESSAGE g N ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPUL TEO DISTRIBUTION FOR OISSENT MESS GES YOUR AIRGRAM HAS BEEN' CIRCULATED o 1HE OfFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE ExECUTIVE SECRETARV VM OXRECTO OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAEF AND THE S£ R TARYvS OPEN FORUM PANEL ADDITIONAL COPIES ARE Sa NG SEN1 TO THE DEPUTY SECRET RY AND To THE ASSISTANT $Er R rARV FOR EUROPEAN AFFAIRS • -' TO YOUR OSSIB E WIL 1 REPL't AS PROMPTLY AS VLEWS t ' rl - t R L IMITED I - - OFFICU USE _ ofIII • -- 'e - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473003 Date 01 11 2018 ___ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of St te Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473003 Date 01 11 2018 I Department of State E TELEGRANn Sv 'n s J G 7G t N Tw l C A 1EO l' ROVEO l 8 02 1 08 R BV S PiOFPiSVOG LGlSANG BV $ P P6SW 3 102 U 4 M S e A A H e AM MSAe y AOUNO UNt STAY 134 ge o Ue2 • t eM A ER 3ueJECYs RE' OY8 NT M S9AftE VAOUNDE t8'8 iv 1H a W L CKNO £DG R e i O H£ RE R NCEO D S NV CHANNEL VEL GRAH 0' JUN 1 v tg7 w S NceJ' HESS GE ADORE e AN ADMtNISTRATZV£ N RHACLY Coy R O BY H CHiN7SMS OTH R AN TH D 8 NY eWANNEL o WE HAV ASK D MR HwBo HO INSJ D R r iCR H C OF P RSONN L ANO M_N OWER IN 0 C HELP Eap ND TO E·QUEST10N POSED HAT R w O HERW S IN tO D N E Wt H TH $ U A O O 6rR%O 8aEN7 H SSAO a '£L R H S B EN I w tU ATEe O H O C S O 1H EeR 4 VD THE EXSTUV VE eR RV jHE D R e10R rHE O Y FLANNIN3 8 A' eUV ON 'OR eUR AND TM CHA H N 0' 1H ARY O N 'C UM PAN A WE WfLL 8E HAT YOU R C XV£ A V TO YOUR CONCERNS 'S SOON AS 'OSSIB Kf8S1NG - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc' No C06473003 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473694 Date 01 11 2018 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE IRELEASE IN FULLI DRAFT CABLE ACTION TO BANGKOK FOR EMBASSY USOM and RED Subject Reorganization of RED USOM Relationships Ref A State 0708d B Bangkok 8679 C Bangkok 11952 1 We have reviewed the reorganization proposed in ref A the policy implications discussed in ref B and the Embassy • 1 comments contained in ref C as well as the history of the regional programs and prospects for their fut ure 2 The Department and AID wish to reconfirm that it is us policy to support Asian regionalism and those Asian regional insti·t l ltions which foster regional cooperation understanding '- and interdependence In part because of the success of the concept and the insti tutions lhich RED helped to foster other bilateral and international donors have supported regional activities and the Asians themselves have corne to recognize the value of regional cooperation in selected development areas 'and are devoting substantial resources to it Hence while we believe that the US need not in th I I future playas energetic a leadership role in regional activities as it has in the past a separate and distinct office supporting our' relationships and contributions to Asian 'regionalism i1l continue to operate 3 We believe that the operational and administrative arrangements described in ref C are reasonable ones and need 'not adversely affect US support of regionalism in fact or in the eyes of th Asians However it must be clear to UMITED OffiCIAL USE - - - - _-- _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473694 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473694 Date 01 11 2018 2 the regional organi ions and the countries involved in them that the US continues to strongly support Asian region l activities and maintains in Bangkok a regional office through which the US will conti ue to support them Changes that are being made in that office are internal and administrative and should not have any effect on the programs nor imply any diminution of our support of useful regional arrangements 4 The questions raised in the di ssent cable ref B l are serious ones and were given careful scrutiny and review On bal'ance we support the views proposed in Bangkok 11952 and assume they will prove satisfactory Of course if the organizational arrangements in light of experiepce after an adequate trial perhaps a year prove to be less effective than anticipated this shift can be reviewed at that time Drafted by S p qWKontos Authorized by CWKontos Clearance_ - EA AHurnrnel AID Asia AWhite AIO Asia K Rabin info S P RSmith info LIMITED OFfICIAL USE -_ _ _- --- _ - __-----_ - __ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473694 Date 01 11 2018 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431977 Date 11 13 2017 -------- B-U- -Q-a-U -hl-U-U_ - -UIhl-M- -8 STATE ES-01 OUTGOING TELEGRAM 7884 UNCLASSIFIED l et Rr l1·t1llent of State I 50-' '' RELEASE IN PART '''''4 R 86 DRAFTED BY S P BOMI ETICH 80M APPROVED BY S P ALAKE S P-RFEIN8ERG S P-OF OSKINNEY S I DGOOO EA RA RAHARRIS EA ANP TWAJDA PER G CKING5 EY DESIRED DISTR BUTION 5 P ONLY ------------------008504 R 2 0210Z DEC 77 PM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMCONSUL MELBOURNE AMEMBASSY CANBERRA 24 824Z 23 UNCLAS STATE 307005 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N A CHANNEL MESSAGES M E-L-S-O-u-R-N-e---F-O-R-r---- OM • S fk i' - CANBERRA - FOR EMBASSY FROM S P - LAKE REFS MELBOURNE 2530 CANBERRA 8769 MELBOURNE 2555 l MELBOURNE 2559 t t THIS IS TO ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT YOVR DISSENT MESSAGES ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE AUSTRALIAN El ECTIONS MR RICHARD FEINBERG OF THE PO ICY PLANNING STAFF HAS SEEN DESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISSENT CHANNEL REGuLATIONS YOUR MESSAGES HAVE BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHA IRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM PANEL AS WELL AS TO THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE 8UREAU OF EAST ASIAN AND PACIFIC AFFAIRS THE SPECIAL ASSISTANT FOR INTERNATIONAL LABOR AFFAIRS AND THE OtFICE OF REGIONA AFFAIRS IN THE EAST ASIAN BUREAU 1 WE WIl L REPLY AS PROMPTLY SUBMITTED VANCE s POSSIe E J - - t i I t 1 1 ' TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE -I • • - - - __ _-_ _- UNCLASSIFIED --- - ' - -- - ---- -- -- - - _-'- '- 0 0 ' -- • • --o - - - - - - --_ -' - - -•••_ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State _Case No F-2016-Q7743 Doc No C06431977 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446083 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART - -- -86 -- -_ - __ Wullln lan D C 20 20 - COMf'I5EU'fIAI December DISSENT CHANNEL 2 1975 c IO LABli 1 -- _I Ro m 86 5328 1 I Dea L _ _ _ _--' 86 Thank you very much for you dissent 'channel letter of October 20 It· has taken us longer than usual to prepare a reply but I felt that given the weighty issues involved we needed to look into the ··matter very thoroughly before replying Since the issues that you raise fall in the area of responsibility of SlCCT we asked Hr Fearey to comment on them With his permission I am attaching a copy of his detailed and thoughtful reply which formed one but 9nly· one of the inputs to our inqu ry Mr Fearey's memorandurn speaks for itself but institutionally' I can reaffir m one point that he makes the ori9'inal impe tus for the R l ND study did not come as a response to your memoranda but as originally generated independentl'y in SIP This staff has a long history of interest and involvement n the terrorism question The basic issue that you raise relating to Departmental policy on negotiations and ransom is one that is very much open to legitimate debate and your use of the dissent channel to put fo th your views is entirely proper Your views are being forwarded to the Secretary--despite the unacceptable tone of your presentation I frankly do not have anything novel to add to the discussion beyond the positions outlined by you on the one hand and Hr Fearey on the other I cannot however let pass unchallenged the apparent premise of your letter--that the senior officials of the Department are risking the lives of others in pursuit of a machismo-image or as the result of blind adherence to slogans You have every right to criticize poli cy and suggest alternatives I thin you have e para'llel obligation to 'ac cept the fact that eOUFIBEU'fIAL -DISSENT CHANNEL • ---- - -'T t ' ----- - - - - ' '- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446083 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446083 Date 12 11 2017 -------- --- __ _--_ _-- -- ----_ _---- _-- - _- -- - '- -- ' CONE BE i'i'n LJ DISSENT CHANNEL -2others als are acting in good faith and have cogent and clearl l set forth g ounds for ' heir position here 'are profoundly agonizing choices involved and nobody has a monopoly on wisdom or morality I believe your advocacy would be better served by sticking to policy issues rather than maligning the motives of officials who have to make anguishing choices I want to address myself specifica ly to your claim that the RAND study was thrown away and or improperly influenced We have gone to considerabl pains to examine this allegation discussing it at length with S CCT INR XR and most importantly with Brian Jenkins the principal RAND' researcher We have come·to the conclusion that there was a consideraole amount of delay in completing the report but 'not an undue amount in view of the complexity of the SUbject Department officials did by mutual agreemen proviae RAND with informal co ents as preparation of' the report proceeded expressing their v i e ·ls on matters of 'both substance and form as' is· the·ir right and obligation to do But this 'never assumed a dimension hat threatened the integrity of the product Department officials reiterated to the RAND authors uring' these discussions that they wished· RAND to present its own considered views and recommendations as called for by the contract This was done illu'strated by RAlII-o's submission of its ransom option recommendations notwithstanding S CCT'S contrary arguments • And it was Rr ND's decision that its proposals not be forwarded separately to the Secretary ' ' With regard to some spe'C if'i'cs - tIe under'stand that the RAND policy recommendations will be published at the front of the final report and in a way fully acceptable to the RA -o researchers Completion of the case studies was delayed by priority work on the basic abdur tions report Funds have been secured from LEAA and m lde available to RAND to publish about a dozen of them including the Khartoum study These steps were decided upon last summer Until we have the finpl RAND study in hand-it is difficult to make any 'judgments about how widely it COMrI EfiCl'H L DISSENT CHANNEL t z c u ' A •• ' 'S I' I- - I ' - - - •• - ••• _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ U NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State' Case No F-2016-0774'3 ' Doc No C06446083 --- '-' '--' Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446083 Date 12 11 2017 •• w- • ' '-- - '- ----- - •• - --- - ' I_ t - - -- --_ •• • COM ' IBEU' I 'IJ l DISSENT CHANNEL ' to -3- Sincerely yours Winston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff Attachment Mr Fearey's Comm nts on Dissent Me$sage on Terrorism from 'I ' 86 ' COM' 'IBEU'%'IA'b DISSENT CHANNEL ' ' I' '''''' '' ''''' _ IJ '''' ''''IV'''' '-' •• _ -'' '' c ' ' ' _u_' - Q ' Po ' 11 - _ _ 7• --v ' - 110 ' _ ''-' '' - _ ' ' ' ' _ _- • - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446083 Date 12 11 2017 co 641 70 65 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417065 a eUO 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL DISSE lT CHANNEL -------- - RELEASE IN PART 86 February 23 1977 r 1r l n thony Lake Director Policy Sip Room 7813 Washington D C 20520 FILE COpy ft- oYtWC Dear Mr Lake I refer to Mr Veliotes' letter of February 18 1977 in vlhich he informed me that my paper on the Polisario Front guerrilla movement could not issue through the Dissent Channel as the paper is not a policy dissent but an intelligence analysis I am disturbed over this apparent bureaucratization of the Dissent Channel The suppression of information from the top levels of the Department hether caused by disagreement with content bureaucratic ineptness or just plain carelessness is as harmful as the suppression of substantive d fferences on policy In this regard it is interesting o note the reaction to my earlier two part dissent message on the Spanish Sahara Department officialS disagreec with my shorter message focused on policy yet found the longer tessage I which 1as essentially an intelligence analysis of Mauritani helpful My rejected intelligence analysis of the Polisario Front contains the same sort of useful information and analysis as did my earlier paper on Mauritania I have shared it with people on the larking level but believe that the Assistant Secretaries of AF and NEA and perhaps the Secretary would be interested in reading the paper I do not feel that I am burdening the system with this paper as the Middle East div ­ sian o f INR sent its last intelligence analysis on the Sahara as a memo to the Secretary before it was· published verbatim as an intelligence report My submission of this paper is at least partly to protest the fact that the African division of INR has not been sufficiently involved in analysis of the Spanish Sahara In spite of the fact that Mr Bartholomew's letter states that my paper on Maurftania usefully broadened the context of thinking on the Spanish Sahara INR RAF has no intention of publishing the paper to its normal audience I would simply carry a copy of the paper to the offices of the Assistant Secretaries and the Secretary with the request that it be reaa informally However such personages CONFIDENTIAL DISSENT CHAliNEL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417065 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 0 6 S IED I u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417065 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL DISSENT CHANNEL - 2 - I are surrounded by a coterie of staff assistants and aides whose function seems to be to cut off their bosses from any direct contact with sources of information I understand that former Secretary Kissinger developed INR's Current Intelligence Staff because he felt cut off from first hand sources of information That staff consists of junior officers who select raw intelligence to go to the Seventh Floor principals with no prior review by senior officers It vas this system which enabled me to forward the only accurate piece of intelligence on the June 1975 Italian regional elections which the Seventh Floor received If I had depended on normal channels the information would never have been briefed because of faulty analysis fear of appearing too alarmist and dedication to support of previous positions amo g the line bureaucracy The Dissent Channel can be a mechanism for unclogging the Department's constipated paper flow if it is opened up to pieces of raw traffic or analysis which are stuck in the system It is easy to imagine abuses of such a system such as the slIDmission of 'o Jeighty tomes on mini-subjects or simply a stream of raw traffic which officers wish to push ahead of the line but such abuses could be resolved lhen and if they occurred One solution to potential problems '70uld be to drop the requirement that a substantive reply be drafted to messages not demanding it For instance in the present case I would send my paper forth with a note explaining that I was submitting it through the Dissent Channel because INR had been sitting on it for a year and because it contained information relevant to current policy cons1derations ·referring to Nouakchott 362 of February 23 1977 With no obligation to read past the title line the·Secretary and Assistant Secretaries would suffer no burden and would yet be alerted to the fact that a disagreement was fulminating in the bowels of the bureaucracy about which they would not normally learn Under the rules of the system the submitting officer would be protected from his immediate superiors by anonymity while the Assistant Secretaries would be protected from a flood of unwanted paper because of a dissenting officer's knowledge that the item would go forward ith a signed statement as to the justification for making an end run around the system Sincerely yours 86 CONFIDENTIAL DISSENT CH EL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417065 Date 10 11 2017 ·lJNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431597 Date 11 13 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 143 R 21153f Z Fr fM A M A SY TO sEesfAtE JGOTA W SHDC 99 ' LZ ITED O P CiA USE SG OTA 1 3 DISSENT CHANNEL I • t t PROPO ED OPIC A DEAN REF 'CA TATg sa3 8l BCGr Th 4P ' C 5T i T 1 7' i TH S M BSAGE T l S ITS A D sse T CHANNEL V P INT OF 1 I COUNS L nr 5MSfoSSY FOR CO O IC AND C MM C A AFFAIRS TH D wT R OES NCT ISH T ieSTRICT 86 O STR%3UTID OF THIS SSAG I ' • 2 0 • 0UiU lG THf R fH C N'i V $ T yo CI' L eN 3 I THE A VAN CE TEAM FO A L A ePIC INVfSTI· T H SS O AND AN fkSASSY OFFICER T6L ED TD A NUMfl5P F GOV RNM NT OFFI I Li A D L 0 c AI US ND COL 0 I SX H UeH E 5 1 1 II Ff at TH IN u M AT I 0 GAT I f En I T yl AS eo r- F Fp·' 'i' H 6 T 'G CeRE GUI 'i T a SST I L RECLunE TH POSSISILITY OF O I IS INSU ANC I CT LENDING PROGRAMS OPERATtN iN CCLOMSIA AT T E E NT TlME T E OPIC BEP S NTAT VES I TED THAT NEVERT f ESS THEY BELIEYEO ' T WOULD BE WORTHW L TO INCLUDE cc CUe A ON r E rTIER RV np THE P OPPSE jNDEAN INVE TMENT ISSION SEE REF B FO OETAI B · - 1 • • -A ' ' _ to _ - • ' 1 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Ca e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431597 Date 11 13 2017' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas ·No F 2016-0774 Doc No C06431597 Date 11 13 2017 •• - - - ' -' • ' -_ - - - - ••• • ••-- -- ' ' -- ---- - • ' ' a -- c -' LIMITED OPFICr A U8 aOGOTA miS3S j2 6 12 3 CONVERiATZnN ITH ooe O FiC A S cnNCERN N iH LOCAL C IMATE FDR FO I N INVESTH N S'A5LISREO THAT OFFIC AL GCV R N Nt POLICY R MAINS BtSiCALLY AS THE piS QNEITH R REJ CTI 3 NOR ACTIV LV RE KJN FaR IG NVESTME T I GENERAL K1NUFACTU NG E T R 5ES THe Gee CC T FO E±G VEdTM Nt T A1 crMPL M TS It5 OYN ECONOMIC OEUECOPMENT PLANS UT ' Aa KFMAINS Cn TTeO T MINZ I ING_T E I O AN E OP FCRE G CAPITAL TN TH ECOND VG A a CENT t i CHAN GE NFl A Il c 1·' I JI ST $ 6 v V1 i i- e S P Ei FIr I i L I v F $ A SU 3 Tb NT p L L Y G et i' R X1 1 i R STIN F R ' I GN INVESTM N EXISTS A OYG Goe D CIB1D MAKE S I 'ELlaV S QM THf i T 4T THIS IS DT THE ASE UO VE AhlD THAT BA %C GOC POLICY REMAINS THE 5AP AS iN T E PAST - ' • f •• 5 GIVEN i ir rACT Tf Ai OP·U f5 P' GF MiS ARE NOT' pr RAaLE W TW iHF socis PASSIVE IN COLOMBIA CD SINED T M RQV NG TR O TilfUDE TCHI ARr e A T t ACT I r 0 REI II iJ E r II Nj I- s r I J T ti peL i CV j u rI i 0 H F 0 II S Mi VERN t·1 NTo AP0 N8 CI E I'N V r j ' ' l t NT' f·rr s v j TO ···rp r'A '-r lTIN t V ' 'i'f'i ' AS' i A F RO vEO ay v t ' tcus r t'H Hi ii'iO N' AG - gC l - 'S -C'ErriA HJ 'V· rv E5 NO FR I OR I TV TI I PRO j T G US INV STMEN' ' tEoe ·bi 20VER 'r I OIFFICULT' Tn MHW IN F4VOF rJF TM eSIi N ON E T ER 6AS S OF DR BELLING THE CON E T OF· PR I V ' 'f Hi v· stW ' l THE US r u RENTL v HA S AS OUT' lA PERcaNT Of THE cc o aIAN IM OpT MA ET P IVATE I YES m MENi t Ae F IL OSr PHV IS CttEPL Y IhGRAIN D AND QESPECTEO IN CQLCMa A LIMITEri ' ir FFICIA USE 11 l ··-· i 1 • i'I - ' ' 'rY ' l- ' ' •• ' - _ ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431597 Date 11 13 2017 iE-4'UNCLASSIFIED U S Department 'of'State' C ls'e 'No F-2016-oj743 -Doc No C06431597 • • PAGE aOGOTA 01639 let5 Z B Date 11 13 2017 8 a hL x V iftA T _iHS GQ i'r T E F I·ill TE Sr CTO IN CnI Cii·1aIA APE BUF I IENT V SOPH STZe' En TO MAK H CETE MiNATiD OF p r 1 C ' q i R 4 CT0 I COl T j N T E POT NTIAL UA NV STOR CtHVSUTIL HIMAELF OF H AMPLE· r H l' r a t Ei GN I NV STl r we to t CI P n TU111 F ' S F CHl L DV Cf AN 5 I ST H C 4 VAI l A8 i ' E THR 1 U H EMXSTING PAOGRAKB OF THE nEPA TM NT3 O CD M RC iNC eTATE HI 8 U H R't' 1 c u S Tt N T e A CP 1 I 4 'ff £ Ss 0 A US GO ve NM r ' Or'lSO H ti t-iI135 Hi' j to COL Hi XA j Xr H Tu SOl z PUHPas F PRDMOt G US INv st NT CONCERNED AB I TDM ftGENrX S NILL AOVI8ft9IL TY OF TWIS HE HOpa T AT CA EFULLY RE Z T E IaSI 'l IG T OF OUR PRioqITI S N COLOMSiA AND THE CONaI E A'IONS MENTIONED AaSv • SANCHez ' ' S I I' i _ - l l · ·_ ' ' olI • •• 'O -I 0 v 4 '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N_o C06431597 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431979 Date 11 13 2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------- ---- CONFIDENTIAL Depart71zent oj'State 'PAGE 01 ACTION INF O OCT-ell MELBOU 02$30 ES 01 INCOMING TELEGRAM 6909 150009Z 150-00 004 W ------------------045584 150822Z 13 R 140335Z OEC 77 FM AMCONSUL MEL OURNE TO SeCSTATE WASHOC 4187 INFO AMEMBASSY CANBERRA C O·N F'I DEN T I A L MEL80URNE 2530 DISSENT CHANNEL 0 11552 NA SU8J ECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ELECTION E I •• SIGNIFICANCE OF AUSTRALIAN HIS MESSAGE TRANSMITS COMMENTS OF LAE30RI'POl liICAL OFFICER ION EMBASSY CANBERRA'S 8699 ENTITLEb -AUSTRALIAN ELECTION AFTERMATH ' EMBASSY FAILED TO GIVE I 10PPOR UNITY oo TO COMMENT ON IT HAD HE WOULD HAVE MADE OBSERVATIONS WHICH FOLLO REOUESTS THAT S P DISTRE9UTE COPIES OF THIS MESSAGE NOT ONLY TO THOSE LISTED ON PAGE 4 OF DEPARTMENT'S A-301 aUi TO MR DALE GOOD 5 IL AND MR DONALD HARRIS EA RA 1 eg Ii SUMMARY PARAGRAPH OF 8699 CONCLUDES WITH FOLLOWING HIGHLy MISLEAD ING STATEMENTS -THE ALP DECIMATED mIC ONCE AGAr MUST RETHINK rTS ESSENT AL PHILOSOPHY THERE IS I O' NO SE RIOUS lOUST THAT A GREAT MAJORITY OF AUSTRALIANS WERE STILL UNPREPARED TO EXpE IMENT ONCE AGAIN WITH GOUGH WHITLA S DISRuPTIVE SRAND OF TRADE UNIDNDOMINATED SOCIAL S u 2 THESE STATEMENTS COMPLETELY IGNORE AND SIGNIFICANT FACTS 3 OLLDW NG VERY REVEALING -- A ALI CST 5 P RCENT 1' 5 PERCENTI OF AUSTf1ALIAN VOTERS CAST FIRST C f LL THEB-ALP ES 10 ' PERCENT OR AU TRAL I AN DEMOCRAT CANDIDATES g lftENT B ONLY 4S PERCENT OF VOTERS CAST FIRST PREFERENCE BALL OTS LIBERALS 38 3 PERCENT NCP 9 7 FOR COALITION CANDIDAT S PERCE NTJ C FAR FROM EEING -DECIMATED ONCE AGAIN ALP NOT ONLY REMAINED AUSTRAl lA'S LI REST SINGLE PARTY JuST 1 5 IT VIAS IN 1975 WHI N IT RECEI VEO 42 a PERCENT OF FIRST PREFERENCE SALLOTS TO LISi RALS' 42 PERCENT aUT WIDENED GAP BETWEEN ITSELF AND LIBERALS FROM • S PERCENT IN 1975 TO I B PERCENT IN 1977 IN ADDITION AUSTRALIAN DEMOCRATS WHILE WINNING NO HOUSE CONTESTS ALMOST EDUALED NCP VOTE NATIONWIDE COMMENT WHILE IT MAY ae CI EAR THAT ELECTORATE WAS NOT PREPARED TO eXPERIMENT ONCE AGAIN WITH GOUGH WHITLA S DISRUPTIVE SRANe OF' TRADE UNION - DOMINATED SOCIALISM- IT IS' ALSO TRUE THAT LESS THAN HALF OF ELECTORATE INDICATED DESIRE TO EXPERIMENT ONCE AGAIN- WITH WHAT MIGHT 8E CALLED MALCOLM FRASER'S socrAl CONFRONTATIONIST 8RAND OF eUSINESS-ORIENTED UNTRA CONSERVATIS · WHETHER OR NOT ELECTION RESULTS SUPPORT CONTENTION THAT ALP MWST NOW RETHINK ITS ESSe NTfAl PHILOSOPHY AS CONTRASTED WITH VARIOUS OlHER LESS FUNOAMENiAL STEPS IS HIGHLYL IBATABLE WIOUNO 4 CONFIDENTIAL ------- - - - - - - --- -- - - -------------------- - ----- - - ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431979 Date 11 13 2017 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445681 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' I SECRET • 1 3-11-75 EXT 22576 S P WLO RD Af EMULCAHV 0 ' '- I '0 I' • ' ' ' ' ' -' ASMARA ' • ' ' ' 0 11b52 GDS ' ' ' ' ' ' ' - ' ' TAGS PFOR MARR ET A ADDIS 23 5 • - ' 0 ' 0 _ 0' SUBJECT ETHIOPIAN MILITARV REPLENISHMENT REQUEST REF - _ 'I ' - - ' ' '·l· DISSENT CHANNEL ' • 0 - - eO ' • ' f -' '0 ADDIS ABABA ROUTINE -- c ' '0' • SIP D rSTRIBUTION ONLY • ' ' • ' ' -- '--'--- -' rSjp-OFP RFSMITH ' II - _- - I • I ' ' - OJ' iRE LEASE IN PART 861 - -- - -' ••• - ' -0'' ' _ •• '''' • ' ' ' ' ' ' 'SIP HJSPIRO BDM B AS MARA 281 RFS FORIL-_ _ _-'I L-I_ _ _---' AND L-I- - - - - - - ' 86 1 THE DEPARTMENT FOUND YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE TIMfLV AND WELL REASONED THE ARGUMENTS ADVANCED AGAINST GRANTING ETHIOPIAN REPLENISHMENT REQUEST AT THIS TIME WERE SERIOUSLY CONSIDERED ALONG WITH OTHERS AT HIGHEST LEVELS OF DEPARTMENT IN THE COURSE OF THE DELIBERATIONS ON THIS' IMPORTANT AND DIFFICULT ISSUE J 2 ' DEPT AGREES THAT PREVIOUS RATIONALE FOR US MILAID TO ETHIOPIA NO LONGER APPLIES REF A PARA F AND ALSO THAT QUOTE THE FACT THAT WE HAVE SUPPLIED ARMS TO ETHIOPIA IN THE PAST SHOULD NOT OBLIGATE US BEGIN SUPPLIED ITALICS INDEFINITELY AND IRREVOCABLV IN THE FUTURE END SUPPLIED ITALICS END QUOTE FOR THESE R ASONS THE PROBLEM OF AMMO RESUPPLY WAS CONSIDERED IN A WIDER CONTEXT IN WHICH FOCUS WAS NOT SOLELY ON ETHIOPIA FOR ITS OWN SAKE BUT FOR ITS STRATEGIC LOCUS AND IN WHICH OAU COMMITMENT TO TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF'AFRICAN STATES AND US' REPUTATION FOR RELIABILITV l- WERE MAJOR FACTORS • • L I '0 SECRE J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445681 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445681 Date 12 11 2017 - SECRET _ _-- _-_ _- - -- _ -'1-' - 2 - ' j oJ' 1 ' ' ' - -- ·1 3 LIKE AUTHORS Of REf A AND CONGEN ASMARA IN HIS ENDORSE- MENT REf B DEPT BELIEVES THAT BOTH REPEAT BOTH SIDES J SHOULD BE URGED TO NEGOTIATE WITHOUT PRECONDITIONS ELf l 'INSISTENCE ON EPMG' S AGREEMENT TO INDEPENDENCE Of ERITREA AS PRECONDITION TO NEGOTIATIONS IS JUST AS UNACCEPTABLE AS l 'EPMG'S INSISTENCE ON COMPLETE RETURN TO fULL STATUS QUO ANTE RECENT HOSTILITIES WE WILL NOW B URGING BOTH SIDES TO NEGOTIATE EPMG WILL BE TOLD DIRECTLY AND ELf WILL GET MESSAGE THROUGH fRIENDLY ARAB GOVERNMENTS ACCEPTANCE BY' '--' -- - BOTH PARTIES Of SUDANESE ·MEDIATION OfFER SEEMS' BEST ' CURRENT ·OPPORTUNITY IN TI iIS RESPECT ' 0 • ' q ON HE OTHER HAND WE ST ONGLY DOUBT THAT QUOTE If WE DID NOT RESUPPLY THE EPMG THE PMAC MIGHT BE fORCED INTO A GREATER WILLINGNESS TO NEGOTIATE 'AND COMPROMISE END QUOTE REf A PARA 3 PMAC' S RASH AND IRRATIONAL PATTERN Of ' BEHAVIOR RATHER SUGGESTS MORE NEGATIVE REACTIONS TO TOTAL REfUSAL OR ADDITIONAL DELAY IN AMMO RESUPPLY • ' ' ' ' 5 DEP S'fULLY AWARE' Of ATTITUDES Of ARAB STATES' REF A ' PARA 1 A AN HAS BEEN SOUNDING OUT MORE RESPONSIBLE ONES ' FOR THEIR READINESS TO CONTRIBUTE TO BRINGING ABOUT ·NEGOTIATIONS IN THIS CONTEXT WE NOTE SIGNIFICANCE OF i· ' FACT THAT EGYPTIAN GOVERNMENT HAS NOT REPEAT NOT COME OUT IN FAVOR Of ERITREAN INDEPENDENCE FRIENDLY ARAB ESPECIALLY THOSE BUYING ARMS FROM US UNDERSTAND' OUR R AS6N FOR BEING RESPONSIVE IN LIMITED WAY TO ETHIOpiAN - AMMO RESUPPLY·REQUEST THIS IS UNDOUBTEDLY ONE REASON THOUGH NOT ONLY ONE FOR THEIR AMBIVALENCE ON THIS ISSUE BUT THE US WOULD LOOK AND IN FACT BE FECKLESS IF WE DENIED A COUNTRY REPEAT COUNTRY WHI H WE HAD ENCOURAGED OVER A ' PERIOD OF MORE THAN TWO DECADES TO BECOME COMPLETELY DEPENDENT UPON US FOR ARMS AN' AMMUNITION RESUPPLY AT THE VERY MOMENT WHEN·THE COUNTRY REQUIRES HELP IN ORDER TO ' MAINTAIN'ITS TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY THIS CONSIDERATION IS PARTICULARLY PERTINENT IN THE CASE Of ETHIOPIA AS OUR MAY 1953 MAP AGREEMENT PECIFICALLY COMPREHENDS USE OF MAP ' MATERIEL FOR INTERNAL SECURITY PURPOSES ' _ --- - - b US OBJE TIVE IS NOT SO MUCH QUOTE AINTAINING INfLUENCE END QUOTE WITH CURRENT GOVERNMENT ON WHOSE LIMITED FUTURE WE AGREE WITH DISSENTING OfFICERS AS IT IS TO MAINTAIN _ ACCESS TO CONTROLLING AUTHORITIES IN THE REGION IN ACCORDANCE WITH OUR EVOLVING'NEEDS fOR ACCESS AND' TO MAINTAIN · OUR GENERAL REPUTATION FOR BEING STEADFAST OF PURPOSE AND FOR HAVING AN INFORMED UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEMS AND ' SPIRATIONS OF THE REGION AND ITS PEOPLES YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE WAS PARTICULARLY HELpFUL IN POSING THIS' LAST ISSUE SHARPLY F OR POLICY-MAKERS IT-IS-F IR' TO SAY THAT YOUR VIEWS HAVE BEEN HAVING AN IMPACT ON THE StiAPING OF US·' P·OLICY YY L - - ---- --- - - - __- - ' ' ' s q t ' ' ' ' ' ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ----0 - -- '--' -- -- ' _ -_' _ _ ___ - - ' • -•• A - - - - - f I - l- • i I j _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445681 Date 12 11 2017 j I I __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 - - ' ' - ___ _ AS N_ I _____ -- October 20 1975 To sIp 86 -Wi n t o 1 L o r d _ _----- ____ From lolLh8 I - Subject Dis ent F per on I dissen't 1ro l he following 'i The Dept proclli ns i h3 t i t w 11 not' 'negoti i te with terrorints see i'tt l c hed J 'he Dept gives 'as its re 3 S0il th l't this policy deters fut r kidn ppings Dissent 9 r- l nents this olicy 'is n thing more thl a slogan t lH e 'don' i 6'i ve l' l the ship II The Hand study showed that a a coantr r's policy on terrorism r g 1 rdlpss of ' hat the 'Po1i cy is is j he 1e'1s't signi fic l l't i3 c'tor in terrori ts I planning at tion I nd re'tction The H nd st dy also showed'there is no b sis for all ging that the no negoti l tion olicy 1ctu l lly deters kidnippinBs ' I h lve s iid a grelt deal more on this s lb jcr t in lc'tters meoms etc t w11ic11 - he Dep t 1'1S t but h' s ignored other th'in to co n uissio 1 the It lnd st ld Y' and then 'thro ' '3 V 'the rr s' l l ts lbec l llSe they do not fit in with the De t ' s pre-conceived notions I 2 The De'Ot 'Pilnishes A nb 1 s 3 o ors v ·ho s l ccesst'ul1 Y negoti - te to save lives • See 'the 2 x rx xi jC B everl C'3 ri Cr episode • '0 I Dissent lrgu ents since I believe that negoti tin to save lives is noli o lly desir' l ble in itself O 1t usu i ll r shows a high deg ee of diploi itic skill plus nh ysic al 'nd loral COiArlge I reco I end 'th it 3 l Y offici who does this s o lld oe -praised X x pil 0 iC' l 11 r Do toa re lize 'tne effect the Cirter episode v ill h-ive 0 1 JS Govt offici'ils l'he iless ge is cle ir s 3 ve lives 1nci I ' lin rO l'r ' n Clore er '3 The Dept ref ses eve to finish the R nd s't y nroject ' The CAse stlldies I including the O l e en Kh rtoum hieh w3 s the 'major point of i ' y origins 1 request foj - ln inde ende 1t etad V h lve never been delivered to 'the Der t evea tho 19h the re finisiled bec l oe i he Dept refu ses to '9 ' for them I q ' I ure the Les-t is ··lfr3 id the c J se $'t dies shQw o' e offici' 11s i 1cl' l in g high-r t i king o les m ki lg errors hich c1 tI ed loss of life Does no lo e hj ve ene' g 'ts to -eli these stJ dies inc' le r 1 fr o them ' hy lre ' e l mishing so' e O 1e like Je i C ir'ter ' hc sacce jed · i 1d eoveri'16 up for 'the o SB ldors ' ho f liled ' - ' ••• ·0 _ • e'iA4 _ f' t t ' • -·e ' 1 '0 ' ' ' ' - - - ' - - '- - - - • _ ' _ ' •• I · _ ___ __ - • ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 - ' ' October 20 1975 l • r' • To sIp -Winston Lord From lO LAB ------ ------ I 86 Subject Dis ent F per on Dept's PQlicies on Terrorism or I diseen1 rro' 1 the following '1 The De'Ot l rOCl1i ts 1 hl t i t w 11 not· 'negoti ate 'Il th terrorints see i tt iGhed J 'he De-pt gives 'as its re 3 son tlv3 1i this polic y deters fut lre ki dn lppings ' ' Dissent tl't g'ilents this 'Policy 'is n 'thing ' nore thl l a slogan like 'don' t sive J 'P the ship II 'i'he H lnd study showed that a a coailtry's policy on terrorism treg rdlf'ss of ' · h t the policy is is 11e 1e' 3 2 t si ni fiC E l t fac tor in terrori ts I pl anning a tion ind re·tction The Ihnd st d y llso showed there is no Q l sis i'OT ' all ging that the n9 negpti ltion olicy actu' llly ceters kidn ip inc s • ' I h lve S 1id a relt de3-1 more on this s bjcnt in lc'tters memas etc ' hie11 he tept h'ls 'out h'lS ignored other th'3 n to eO l nissio l the it lnd st td y and then 'throw ' 3 f 'the rr s J l ts Jbec iuse they do not fit in wi h the Dept's pre-conceived notions I 2 • The De-ot panishes A ab t S 3 iiorS v ho s'J ccesst'ull Y legoti te to save lives See tile l J I xerix Beverly C·3 riiCr epi sode Disseat lrgu ents si ee I believe th t negoti 'tin to save Ii ves is no 0 11y desir ble in itself J O lt ustB ll 1 shows a high de ee of dir-lo l- ttie skill plus l' h ysic- 'l nd or 3 1 eour lge I I reco 'lend th it 30 1 1 offici l who does· this S o' dd be praised X j paoo i c' '111 1 Do 0iJ re lize the effect the Cir't·p r 6pi ode will hive 0 1 15 Govt offici'lls l'he ess ge is cle ir s ave Ii ves na T' lin ro rr ' 'll e treer • 3 The Dept ref 6es eve t finish the R nd 'tjay roject The c I se stlldies i ncluding the one' on Kh rtoUIYl 'hieh w3 S the major point of ' origin 11 request foi In indc ende lt et d v hive never been delivered to 11e lJer t eve l 'thOlgh the re 'finished beCi oe ine Dept·refuses to p y for them I oure he je t is ·lfr3 id the C 1se s't ldies sho w f o' e' offici· 11s i cl· - in g high-r 1 1ki lg ones m ki lg errors hich c 1 lI ed loss of life Does no 'O' le h ve the g ts Co -e't 'these st Jdie s inc lear fro them ' ' hy lre ' e l '1nishing s o' le O le like Je i C 1 r'ter ' ho s cce ied ' 'l d coveri' u p for 'the cro SH loors who f liled _ 0 ' _ 0 -- ••• - ' 0• • • 0 - - - - 1 • _ - _ • - _ _ _ ____ _ e - •• •• ••• • • • o • Jill ' ' 0 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743' Doc No 806446086 Date 12 11 2017 • ·0 _ 0 __ _ •• UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 i' fiport-iiit- $-irt i Yf 'tl1c' if r la -study -·e '· tne- _ sec·tio J cO l't 1i ling reC il' ISnO 1'tio 1s for fi no i 1 s lnd ' ' for Cil· i lges i 1 Tlolicy Wl S re jected olnd ordered to De rC- ' Ti I Len in oj iorm p l l 't 10le 'to tne L cpt I by W itering down tIle conclusl ons 1110 til icing the a i t s p rate annex So the ead resul t nols not 'yet r iY'Pe lred and when it does it will l ick cllrity nd impact g'in he Dept prefers 'to risk h l n·i l li ve r'lther tbgn face the fact th t its olicies re i perfect ' ' ' E -'ii i6st ••w I' f r I --- - - The Dep does not even make the xisti lg sections 'of ihe E udy v il ble o officers h ndling hcstlge siut l tions •• i e l I w lin i f C u ring -te 1 ' I z n - ' 1ire ca se the off ce d redtor waspot told of tne stud es '3 nd only saw them when I 'h lnded m own c01'ies to hi for his cr sal do'te o e of the'firs't concl sions of the R lnd - 1i tdy 'i l S th lt e lch - le · 'nos't·ige sit ll 'tion W'lS h andled ' as i f no previoas experie ce was available 'l'he 2aire c3 s'e illusT rlted th t perfectly Dissent we need the Rgnd S 'll dy let I s get it and use it 4 The De-pt publ icl lly- diso' ms Am b·'lss3 dor s who use offici l reso rces o ssist in negoti i lg he rcleisp of cuptives See thc C-arter s'tor tet C r ter did not '1 ke n' 'DOrE' p ' of' esoarces thln other mb ssadors hlve i othcr cases r nso money hiS oee shf-ped by pouch s'tored in offici 1 s3-fcs J ld perso 'ls ·cent -tcting id l 'l 9- rc n J ve o e 1 escorted ·by JS E 1iHSSY offici3 ls If'the e-pt s'ticks ' lith dis ' ti 'l Amb I ss Ldors who do 'this then in f· lture c ses A ao iss·3 dors will hes1tlte o se such reso ices Dissent all reSO lrces ShOlld be used to s ve lives 5 f The Dept inpists on 3 ntlo lncing on ever' 'pessi 'Ole o 'c i O l -lnd on i 'ls't '· 1c ing POS1 S to do the s3 ne tIn we do ot give in to ol3 ck n 3 il ply rlnSO ll or re se prisoners Thl se phr' 1ses especi'al1y II g ive i 1 to ' ljck nlil' lore neg'l'tive in their i m l ct oli hosttJ ge sj tultion t 'and CC f lSe not only the public tSE'e ne Eg'l11 case but 3 1so i-npp de negoti l ions even when the litter ·3 re goi lg on pri v ltely If we · ' nt to negoti 'te ol l m 1 ag -ce nent we l- lke wi th 'the kidn L lPCrS even if only p lblishing l le t'tp r iro J '1 host ge is going to be interp 'e ec llS givi g in to bl lck l 'i1 1Jhen -ie h we two contr 3 dic1 ory policEs rU l- li g he ld on into e lch Jther As lOr19 'lS tho'S i s't· 'J tion e x st 'P sts r hC s l ge si t' 1' ltions are gOl -ng to m3 xe the s_ ue l st Ke ' p l n · 1a e'3 n by im Jedi ne1y I l 1o mcing II ' e don't give i 1 to bl·l ckl'i' 1il ll just whe n the si t· l 'tiO l is 110St te 1se - lnd when the g 'e ltest flexibili'ty is needed • • • • •f •' _ _ • ____• _ _ _ - °0 '0 a $ 0 • II - 0-' - - - - ' _- • • - • • ' - • • • __ • • °0 ' °0 _ • • _ _ _ _ _ • - ' e • • '0' -- _ _ _____ _ • '- V_ 0 •••• ' - • ' ' ' ' ' ' I • • • 0° ' -'0 ' 00 - _ ' eo • - II •• ___ - - • _ _ _ •• • _ • _ _ _ • ___ ••••• _ _ _ _ _ - _ - ' U'NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 •••- - - - ·· ' ' Dissent issue ins·t r lctions to ver o 1 from the President in· the hi te Ho se' se Klt'lrtO l Jl c s e thru the ·3 cr ·tary ot' StJ te see the ' nz i 1i cJ se on down to the lowliest · clerk not forge'c ti -g the Att rne r Gener l ot' t p Oni ted ' Stttes who tilked too r lch Q ll'i 1g 9 ho rtlfe sitU ition '· hen the poSli ' 3 5 vep v wisel Y l'3 i11t ii1L'l l o·c t l silence when YO'J hive '1 hos t ige sit tion clcse lO·J r lo lth dodt say 1l1ything l bout O' l policy other tr 1 n th· t '·'e desire to keep co nu 1ic Ltio s open P IOD I I ' - give first Orior i ty to ' orJ i nr -1 th lna throlJ gh · the hos i over 1' lent i 1d-'only lS a l tst resort' w'orks d irectly ' i th the terrorists I'his is an '1I' ifici ll 'Or ior ty which · may luke sense in iny ordi' 1 lry cUplo n tic si tU-'1tiO but is irreleve nt to a nost ge sit' utiqn v h re thr' firstl-riorit r is to S 3 ve lives 6 Tn-e e'Ot 'Dissent instruct posts to t3l ke wh 1tever st ps 3 re needed directl- ' Q thr l the host gOver l l nt depe71oing' on wh· t t will be rnos effective to s ve lives 7 The Dept has many str tnds of policies ent· np ling' host3 ge situ ltions rel 3 tio s with foreign co· ntrip s good 'ublic relations i 1 -3 ge II etc We are enc ' lb red 'oy -a l·l this · l nd ' distr3 cted by it 'i'lle sole policy i SAVE LIVES 1 11 instruc1iions to Dissent revise eli-ninlte idc' s which are there solely for ress rel ions p rposes d get down to the h rd core iie are not rU 'l ling an advE'rtisi ca Jp dgn VIe 3 re trying - 0 issll e instl·llctions lio s ve lives hese i str ctions shoild be s clear nd si ple a nd free of confusing clJ literll 'is the insi ru tions in a firs _- lid kit hich tell YO'J how to sto sO'l1eone' bleeding to de3 th pply direct pressure to the fro n 4 • _ _ __ - ---_ •• • ' y ro nd ' ' Conclusion '1 h'lve oeen triing' since 1971 to ush the Dep i rtr tent ·3 · Y frOl l its n'lchis no-imlge s lf -concerns into ' in O l t ' rd-looki 1g policY which worries '3 0 out host gps · r ither th Ln hcw the Dept will look I elie- e S01 e lives lIl 3 y h we oeen lost 3 td others end· t ngered by the Dept I 5 refll s ll to Ilove • I hink the ti ne h· is cO le to ask the Deut to'find he oral cO lge to ke the R2nd study dT it past list iE-es a nd iss1J e ' neVi o'licy insi ra tionb which is simply Keep quiet public· lly negoti - Iote I • II ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' '- __ IS _r _ '-' ' ' - ' _ _ • _ ' _ - _ ' _ ' L _- - - - -_ _ - _ - - _ __ _ __ -' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431984 Date 11 13 2017 D- · tilS · rli r B·SJ ID·1 INCOMING Depar lucnt OJ'Stale PAGE 111 'ACT 1011 EIH2 • • CAllBtR 08699 01 OF J1 llDGJIZ 8951 IIIro OCT-OI EUR-I Iso-orr CIAE- O DOOE- O H-OI lilA-OJ' t -03 IfSAE-iIiI IIse-o PA-OI PRS-lJl Sp-lJ2 S5-15 USIA-O AID-DS COIlE-aD EB-oa rRB-O tRSf-DO XMB-D2 OPI COO LAD-04 SIL-OI OHD-OI rEA-OI ACDA-Il fIll 1 ------------------1124821 130G5S Il'J R Dom Z DEC 77 HI AitElIBASSY CAIIBERRA to SECSTATE IIASHDC 1973 IlIFO A EMBASSY BAIIGROK AHEHBnSSV J KARTA AHEHBASSY KUALA l UHPUR AIlEIIBASSY LOlinOIl AMEIIBASSY IIAIlIl A AIlEMBAS$Y PORT MORESBY MEN8ASSY SI GAPORE AllEJIBASSV TOXYO AIIEIIBASSY I ClllUGTOIl ANC OUS L DR I SBAIIE JUlCOIlSUL NH SOURIIE AIICOllSUl PERI AHCOIISUI SYOtiE Y CtllCPAC HOIIOLULU hi COli r I E O 116 2 DS TAGS PUll PfOR AS SUBJECT AUSTRAlIAti ElECTIOn AFTERI1AIK CAIIOURA 01 OF l2 TELEGRAM 130 3IZ I I 8 E T I A L S CTIOU I OF 2 CAuaERRA '8699 CIUCPAC ALSO rOR POL AD REF CAIIDER 08699 RELEASE IN FULL AUS 1I All VOIERS TO PI JI ST lHY AS OPPOSEO TO AIIOTHER A ST XPCRIEIlCE 5UCH AS Al CTEO BY 191 -7 fRASER SEES AUSTRAL 1 0 AS A ilEAL THY AlID PROSPEROUS CDUurRY Willi lYERRISING UP CTAIIIIS AIID IIITH A IIAJORITY OPPOSED 10 CIA S tOIlFLlCl FR SER DELIBERATELY OOIUlI'LAYEO POIEIlIIAL TROU6LESOHE I SUES DURIIIG TIlE CAMPAIGII GOVtRtnlEIIIIUlIlQtl COllfROIHAflOIl THE NIIIIUG AIID H PORf or uaAIIWH HE EHPHAsmo TAX BENEFITS SCHEDULED BY THE Llllep IIIlICH LA90R lHREATEnto TO TAKE AliA IIHE HIP POCKET nERVE IIIlIC H UIiOOUBTEDl V SIIUIIG IIAIIY VOlES H ALLEGED THAI IIIIITlAH'S SO lIlESS' Otl PJlOTEClIon 1I0U1D JEOPARDIZE HAllY AUSTRAL IAll JOBS CITIIlG IIJ1ITLAM'S 2S PCRCEllT ACRO SIHE-BOARO TMlrr CUT UHICH IIHillAIl APPliED 111 973 AIID WHICH PARTIAlU' ACCOUtlTCD FOR A LARliE RISE III UIIEtiPlOVII£IIT THIS ALLEGED ' OflEtlESS 011 TARIFF PROIEtTI 011 LSO COST IH lILA VOlES AIID CArrp Gil onR lOUT lorrs 1 G THE II S II AUIO ORY ERS Ulrlon COII1RlBUTED Olll V 1 00 TO THE ALP OURIIiG THC CAI1PAIGII VEHSUS A USUAl COIlTRIBUIIOII OF AT l£AST lIG DOD TEXIIL Il iRI R corlTRIBUrro 1I0THIIlG ALP TAX AriD TARIFF POLICY r RlllmO rR rR AlOIiG 11H SallE ALP lEADERS TO ClAln PUDLlClV AIID PRlVATELV THAT WillA HAD lOST TOUCH IlITH HI eLECTORAIE IHE IlElI AIID ASI'IRIIfG IODll etAS liAS HORE Itll£RESIEO III TAX CUTS AIID IOIlER II lTER SI o TES FOR TIlE IR 8URDEIISOIIE IIDRTGAGES THAll THEY litRE 11 llIfllAIl'S CAll HIR SACRlrlCES TO HElP IHE UI EIIPLono lIIl LE HIERE MIGHI Bt Rill J'Ill Y 'IITlE 1I11HUSIASI1 FOR MLCOL ASER LABOR liAS lIOT SEEII AS A VIALBI I£RIIAIIVE fO SOL Vt AU5TRAI I A' S i'ROULEIiS THIS LED DILL HAYDEII flElR APfAR IIT'TO IIIITlAM PoS LEADER or THE OPPOSIT OU TO Ii0lE lIAT tHE ALP fActO HAllY PROBLEMS nOT THE LEAST or IIHIC liAS PR06LEII or CREOIDIL lTV III m COHNUlIt TV •• 86 9 SUHMARY TilE IlAGtllTUDE or PRINE IIUSIER I'RASER'S OVERII1lELIIIUG OECEIIB£R 10 ElECliON VICTORV GUARAUTEE5 THAT U S BASIC IIfl PESTS III AUSTRALIA IlIlt BE liEU PROT Ci D fOR AT lEAST THE IIEXT TIIREE YEARS TilE lIBERALI IIATlOUAl COUtiTRY PARTY COAL I 11011 GOVERHIIEIII HAS FOSIERED 1111 CLOSEST COOPEHAIIOIl IIITH THE U S 011 POLITICAL MILItARV ECOHOI1IC SCIEtlTlFIC AlID SOCIAL ISSUES HAS ACTED TO PROTECT IHE SUBSTAIH I AL U S IfIVESTltEl1T STAKE III AUSTRAL I A AIIO £lICOURAGEO ACCESS fOR IIEII U S I liVEST HEIIl HAS OPtlirD AUSTRALIAIl URAIIiUM TO ORIO MARKETS IHUSSUPPORTJIIG All ESS£llli AI lElIEtlT or u S £ JER jY AIID SAFEGUARDS POll C Y HAS GUARAIITE£O COUlIIIUED ACCESS TO AUSTRAlIAtl TERRITORY FOR ESSEIIT IAl JO lilT DEfEliSE IN$TAllAT lOllS THE LItle 15 ROCK SOlIll 011 AlllU BASIPIG ITs HEY fORrlG11 POLICY Of CISJOtlS on AIIWS' EFFECTIVE COIiTlIIUAT Ion THE OIlL Y POWlllAl PROBHI' AREII ItIVOL VES PROBABL E IIICR P EO PROTECT 1011 AGA I liST FORE 1611 INPOR IS THE ALP DECfltATEO OIlCE AGAIII IIUSI R£THIIIK ITS EssrrrrlAL PHILOSOPHY THtR£ IS 110 1 10 SERIOUS DOUBT TIIAT A GREAT HAJORITY or AUSlRAlIAIIS lERE STILL unpREPARED TO EXPERIUEUT OItCE AGAIIl Ill GOLIGH UHITLAWS DISRUPTIVE BRAUD OF TRADE UtIlOU-OONIIlAIEO SOCIAlIStt fIIO SUIl fARY 1 fHE LIller VICTORY o s trOT EXPECIED HOI EVER IT liAS REIIARKABlE THAI fRAS£R lIA ABLE TO I1AIIIIAIII HI 1III llJry III B0J lL1 0U jE5 OF PARLJAllEnT IIHILE BURO£llEO IIITH All EXTRENElV RIGH RAIE or UIiEMPIOYNElIl IIICH SHOIIS ALL SIGliS OF GOIlIG EVEII HIGHER AIID IIITH AU EGOllOlIY lillICH ALIH UGH IT SHOIIS SOME EARLY S 1611S F IHPROVEltEIIT RENA illS HAT THE I 'ISO fOR fRASER'S LANDSliDE VICTORY IS THAT E REA HIS £lEe R lE CORRECTl OF PARTY EDITORIAL AIlD ELECTORATE OPPOSIIJOIl FRASER DECIDED TO GO TO THE POllS EARL Y COVill lUG OU I lAS I C COHSERVAT I 511 OF A MAJORI TV or Itl SPI1£ CONFIDENTIAL __ It UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 9 43 Doc No C06431984 Date 11 13 2017 ------------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431984 Date 11 13 2017 lrM1f tr C Depart nent of State PItGE DI' ACT Ol A-Il IIIFO • • CAUBER CS69S 9 Of 82 1306S6l f 8sse OCJ- I EUR·12 ISO·CC CIAE-110 OIHlE·CO PI1-0S H·OI IlIR-1l7 L-03 flSAE-CC IIsc-a PA·1l1 pas·o Sp·02 SS-l USIA·D6 AID·CS CONE·OO E8-38 FRB·03 TRsr·na Xl1B·g2 OPIC·S3 lAII'·04 Sll·Sl 0110-01 F-Ell-Ol ACDA-12 ' 1'1'1'1 -' • ' •• _ ·················-025907 1306 n liD R 139521l DEC 77 fl1 AHEIIBASSY CAIIBERRA TO SECSTATE ItASKOC 1914 IIIFO AIIEI1BASSY BAIIGKOK AIlEIlBASSV KUALA lUMPUR AIIEI1BASSY lOIlDOII AI1EIIBAASSY MArillA AlIEIIBASSY PORT HDRESBY AtI MBASSY S I flGAPOR£ AIIWDASSY TOKYO AtI lIBASSY I HllIIGTOII AIICOliSUl BR ISBRIIE AI1COIISUl MELBOURUE AlicollSUl PERlH AHCOIISUL SYDNEY CUlCPAC HOtiOLUlU HI iJi CANSER 88699 INC OM ING TELEGRAM 02 OF 02 130656Z 6 A rURTHER liaRD NEEDS SAY IIIG ABOUT HALCOUI FRASER IT HAS 8£EN CaRRE Y flOTED THERE THERE IS LITTlE E ASH HE IS II0r POPULAR BUT SLACK OF PCPULAlli TV IIH leH STEIIS FRon All ABSEIICE or PERSOUAl • - -IIAR TH AHD CHARM SHOULD 1I0T OBSCURE OHlER CHARACTERISTICS II1PORTAIIT TO A CHIEf OF STATE HE IS FIlIST AlIO LIlST COIICERIIED IIITfl AUSTRALIA AND KER POSITIOI III THE IICRlD HE IS UNC HCE IIEn IIITH HIS LACl OF POPUlARIT'i HE IS STIlOIIG liltED AlID PREPARED TO HAKE THE HARD OrtlSIOI AS HE SEES IT T ACCOIlPlISH illS OBJECTIVE AIiO HE IS REliABLE IN THE EVES OF illS P RTY IT IS fElT GY HAllY THAT IfE IIlll cOlllUATE THE AUSTRALIAII SCEIIE FOR SOliE lIlIE TO COilE ALSTOIl C II K f I 8 E I T I A l SECTION 2 OF 2 CAKBERRA 46S9 CIIlCPAC ALSO FOR PDLAD 3 TilE FUTURE OF THE ALP III AUSTRAL I A IS SHAOOIIED FflASER III HIS VICTORY SPEECH CLAIIIED THAT ' ALSO'IIAIIT to COMNIT I1Y GOVEIUmEln TO NOTI R OBJECT I V£ TO REACH OUT 8EYOIID THE aoilllDS OF POLITICS TO SEU TO EMPHASIZE THOSE 1 IGS THAT OUGHT to UlllTE ALL AUSTRAllAIIS III CON MOt PURPOSE AlID III CONNon OBJECTIVES tll gASIZItIG THOSE IIATtERS KICH NAKE AUSTRALIA A GREAT IIATIOIJ If liE CAli 00 TRAT IE tAli lESSElI iHE DIVISIOIIS BElIiWI US AHO 1MCREASE THE SEIISE Of liAr IOIlAL I DEnT T A1ID COMHOtt PURPOSL • CERTAltiLY fRASER'S IIIN ItILl BOOST BUSIIIESS corlilDEllCE AIlD PERHAPS FOREIGU IIIVESTMEltT SHOULO THE AUSTRALIAII teOllOMY IHPROVE DISCERnIBLY IIITH A RESULTAIIT DROP III UII rJ'LO fHE IT THIS HIGHT ALSO WASH fRASER TO MODERATE SONE OF HIS HI GHl Y ConS RVATI VE ECOHonl C AIID FISCAL POll CI ES THEREBY GAfllI G EVUI GREATER ElECTORAL APPEAL 4 IH S H FRASER HAS A fAIRLY GOOD CHANCE OVER THE IIEXT THREE YEARS TO PRO E THAT -THE LIBERAL PARTY'S PHILOSOPHY IIORKS THIS IIlll BE OIFriCUlT FOR LABOR 111 COUllTER ABOVE All THE ALP HUST ROAOEN ITS BASt AT PRESEIIT LABOR IS TilE POLITICAL ARK OF THE TRADE UI IOII HOVEIlEHl III AUSTRALIA It HOME FOR OVERIIMEIIT 1I0R ERS THE IJIiELL IGEIIlS I A 1I IR01IHEIHALISTS AriD OTHER· TRtIIOV· TYPES ' THE COHMUtli TV TH I S PROVED MUCH TOO SMALL All ElECTORATE IN 1977 ESPECIALlY IIITH LARGE-SCAl DEFECTIONS - - 5 BILL IIAYDEIl CURRErmv SRADOl MINISTER OF DEFEIlS AIID OIfE OF SEVERAL COIIOMIC SfOKESHEIl FOR THE ALP lILL ALI10ST CERTAIIILY BE ELECTED AS OPPOSITIOII lEIIDtR TO RE PLACE IIH IHAII HOUEVER IIAIIY ALP PARLI AI1EIITARV MweERS AlR£ADY DOUBT HAYDEII'S tOUGHIlESS IN DEAl IJIll 11I1M FRASER AHD III TH T E OLD LABOR PARTY liAR HORSES IIHO lOll IIITH THE DEFEAT Of so HAllY BRIGHT younG HeOR 110DERATE CArrQIOAlts HAKE UP SUCK A lARCE PORTlO or THE ALP'S PARlIAMEIIlARY IIEIlBERSHJP HAYDEN IIILL EtlJOY A TRIAL PERIGO A CHAuceE TO PROVE HIIISELF BlIT ThERE IlRE ALREADY CAllS TO ELECT 11'08 HAIIKE PREsl Em OF THE ALP AllD THE ACTU TO'_ PARlIllIIEl1T TO PREPAARE HAIIKE AS PIlRt IAHEHTARY lEADER II TaE HOPE THAT HIS CIlItRISMATIC PERSOUALITY HIGHT EVElliUAUY LEAD THE All' OUT F THE IIll0ERIiESS CGNFIHENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State CC _eYJo F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431984 Date 11 13 2017 I UNCLAS IFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431600 Date 11 13 2017 IRELEASE IN FULLI SHANKLE ARTHUR P 77 STATE 54722 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 01 STATE 054722 ORIGIN OFIC-e c INFO CCT-01 ARA-10 ISO-00 EB-08 IRAJTED BY OPIC ID IA BTMANS ACH APPROVED BY EB IFD OIA RJSMITH 02 R 13 IFD OIA DESTEB ING ARA ECP JO'MAHONY SUES ------------------112004Z 129950 47 C 111945Z MAR 1M SIeSTAT WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA IMMEDIATE AMEMEASSY QUITO IMMEDIATE AMEMEASSY LIMA IMMEDIATE AMEMEASSY LA PAZ IMMEDIATE AMCONSUL GUAYAQUIL IMMEDIATE AMCONSUL CALI IMMEDIATE UNCLAS STATE·054722 E O 11652 NIA 'lAGS EINV SUEJECT ANDEAN MISSION - FINAL' ADVANCE TRIP 1 FIC DIRECTOR IOE LATIN AMERICAN INSURANCE THOMAS MANSEACH t ACCOMPANIED BY INSURANCE OFFICER SU AN MASHkES PLAN WRAP UP ADVANCE TRIP TO ADDRESSEE POSTS ACCORDING TO ICLLOWING SCHEDULE WEDNESDAY MARCH lc IAMI TO QUITO VIA EU 075 ARRIVING AT 12 30 PM EP IDAY ARCE 18 QUITO TO GUAYAQUIL SATURDAY MARCH 19 GUAYAQUIL TO QUITO SUNDAY MABCH 20 QUITO TO LIMA VIA EN 911 ARRIVING AT 10 40 A M UNCL ASSIIIED UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 02 UEStAYt ARCH STATI 054722 22 LIMA TO LA FAZ VIA EN 979 ARRIVING AT 11 3 AM WEDNESDAY MARCE 23 LA PAZ TO SANTA CRUZ VIA L3 27 ARB'IVING AT 12 35 PM DEPART eOLIVIA ON MARCE 28 SUNDAY MARCH 28 LIMA TO BOGOTA VIA AV 082 AT 17 25 PM UISDAY MARCE 29 POGOTA TO CALI VIA AV 111 DEPARTING AT 13 00 FM ARRIVING AT 13 45 FM WEDNESDAY MARCH 30 CALI TO MIAMI VIA N 976 DEPARTING AT le 45 AM 2 TEAM WILL REVIEW FINAL SCHEDULE WITH EMBASSY PERSONNEl AND LOCAL HOSTS AS WELL AS MAKE ARRANGEMENTS JOR HOTEL RESERVATIONS AND GROUND TRANSPORTATION EOGOTA PURSUANT TO BOGOTA 2216i OFIC HAS CHARGED 10TH DATI OF fINAL ADVANCE TRIF TO MARCH 28 AND 29 SEE ITINERARY PARAGRAPH A30VE AND DATE OF MISSION Mit 16 EOGOTAj MAY 17 CALI MAY 18 BOGOTA LATE AFTERNOON DEPARTURE EOR QUITO REQUEST FOLLOWING APPOINTMETNS FOR ARCB 28 A AND CUERVO AND OF GONZALEZ On·AACCLA UNCLASSIFIED I PAGE 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431600 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431600 Date 11 13 2017 SHANKLE AP 1·RUR P 77 STATE 54722 UN CLASS IFIED OSCAR BRADFORD C AFPROPRIATE GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE IRIDY CASTANO UNLESS EMBASSY HAS PREFERABLE ALTEENATIV£ 4 CUITO ECAUSE MAY 19 ASCENSION DAY IS A HOLIDAY IN BCGOTA VISITS TO COLOME AND ECUADOR WILL BE REVISED MISSION NOW PLANNING TO VISIT QUITO LATE AFTERNOON MAY 18 AND 19 AND GUAYAQUIL MAY 20 TRUST THAT THIS FURTHER CHANGE WILL NOT COMFLICATE MATTERS IN IACT REVISED SCHEDULE MAY PERMIT' EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF AAceLA TO PLAY MORE ACTIVE ROLE IN MISSION SCHEDULE REQUEST FOLLOWI NG AFFOrNTMjJ TS A CENDES TERAN AND MARCC BRAVOi B AACCLA CARL NEWLANDSj C GOE GALa MANTANOj D ROQUE CANADASj E REPRESENTATIVE or GIGE F ALSO WISH TO MEET WITH AMCONSUL IN GUAYAGUIL FLUS WEOEVER WILL HANDLE GUAYAQUIL MEETINGS EMBASSY wILL BECALL THAT BOTH REFEAT BOTH GENDES AND NEWLANDS HAD UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED FAGE 03 STATE 054722 OFFERED TO HANDLE GUAYAOUIL MEETINGS WITH NEWLANDS INDICATING THAT HE PREFERRED TO DO GUAYAQUIL ALONE RATHER THAN IN CONJUNCTION WITH CENDES 5 LIMA REQUEST THE FOLLOWING AFFOINTMENTS AAceLA ALAN YOUNG OF OF A WILL DISCUSS LOCAL SPONSORSHIP UFON ARRIVAL FER LIMA 1849 6 LA PAZ REQUEST FOLLOWING APPOINTMENTS A AACCLA JAMES RAA i B CEPE JORGE LONSDALE OR HI 5 EXECUTI VE tIRECTOR DR HUGO SAINZ_TRIGO C SUBMINISTER OF FLANIMIENTO ENRIQur GARCIA O DISpUSS OTH FOREIGN GOVERNMENT APPROVALS HlD GOVERNMENT SFONSORSEIF REQUEST FOLLOWING HOTEL RESERVATIONS QUITO - THE COLON - MARCH 16 17 AND 19 GUAYAQU I L - REQUEST AMCONSUL CHOOSE HOT EL - MARCH 18 LIMA - TP E SHERATON - MARCH 20 21 lA PAZ - THE LIBERTADOR - MARCH 22'SANTA CEUZ - THE HOLIDAY INN LOS TAJIBOS - MARCH 23 EOGOTA - THE HILTON - MARCH 27 AND 28 CALI - REQUEST AMCONSUL CHOOSE HOTEL - MARCH 29 B WOULD APPRECIATE EMBASSIES CONCURRENCES AT F ARLIEST CONVENIENCE VANCE UNCLASSIFIED FAGE 2 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431600 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PARTBS 'i -l 1 110 '- t 21 '512 ' _ •• _4 - ' • •••••••••••••••••••• 22Z82 Z A R 15 C S LUA CA RE ST T ASHC R I 1 TO t· t i r I' I rI ' I j I t 'J ' i l •' 3 iric j F' l 3 CFFIC R n Se G EES T - E lT Pr ST 'j FO i'± S I Z T O ' IL TV F A A G C LE SUSTAI ED C T ' v ELSE HfR T R jV C -f ·L f - 'I' o' I Tri T ' L E ' ·F I e I-' I'LA IN L UANuA AND ALTHOW H IT IS IMP SSIB E' OLlT P O TO NOVE 'SER 11 A CL E FO E EPE C Cf eIV t n L L f i C eer Fi F WnAt ' t r 'Cc FI E TIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 • 1 • 4 ' ' ·0 - ' ' _ _ _ ''' ' ' • ' ·· '- -e ' ' '-ll - f - - ' - ' - - '- _ i - • - - • -- - __ ' D of UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' - - • •• 9 t t O·- ' ' i··_ · ·- ' -_ -'o - '-' ' 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