4m girch Display b musqu CDS use 3024a HEADER 0809582 JAN 99 use 424 To RIIFIK WASHDC b 3 210 USC 424 use 424 INFO HONOLULU WW I USC 403-10 USC 403-1m USC 403-16 4034 WASHDC 80 40340 I STAFF USC 403-1 b 3 250 USC 403-10 WASHDC use 424 WASHDC BT WCONTROLS SECTION 01 OF 04 42 use 424 USC 424 THIS IS A COMBINED MESSAGE BODY COUNTRY U INDONESIA ID USC 424 - SUBJECT CORRECTED COPY USC 424 WITH MG DJADJA COMMANDER OF JAKARTA AREA MILITARY COMMAND KODAM JAYA U WARNING U THIS IS AN INFORMATION REPORT NOT FINALLY EVALUATED INTELLIGENCE REPORT CLASSIFIED - use 424 -- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE U 990105 use 424 USC use 403 10 KODAM JAYA COMMANDER MG DJAJA DISCUSSES SECURITY PREPARATIONS FOR THE ELECTIONS CIVILIAN MILITIA TRAINING THE SEMANGGI INCIDENT STUDE NT GROUPS AND THE Page 1 of 6 I 5 Search Display 4 7 Page 2 of6 PEMUDA PANCASILA HE EXPRESSES CONCERN ABOUT AVAILABILITY OF BLACK MARKET WEAPONS IN JAKARTA AND RUSTRATION WITH THE CHRONICALLY INADEQUATE MILITARY BUDGET HE STRONGLY SUPPORTS MILITARY JORMS AND ABRI NEUTRALITY DURING THE ELECTIONS TEXT l ISITED JAKARTA AREA KODAM JAYA COMMANDER MG DJAJA ON 990105 AT HIS CILILITAN HEADQUARTERS IN EAST JAKARTA MG SUPARMAN SAID THE NORMAL STRENGTH OF KODAM JAYA IS ABOUT 6 000 SOLDIERS BUT DURING THE LATER HALF OF 1998 HE HAD ABOUT 22 000 TROOPS DUE TO THE ATTACHMENT OF VARIOUS MILITARY UNITS FROM THE OTHER REGIONAL COMMANDS SOLDIERS FROM MOST OUT OF TOWN UNITS HAVE BEEN RELEASED TO RETURN HOME AND VISIT THEIR FAMILIES DURING THE RAMADHAN MUSLIM HOLIDAY PERIOD BECAUSE THE SITUATION IN JAKARTA HAS BEEN QUIET SUPARMAN SAID THE KODAM JAYA STRENGTH WILL RETURN TO ABOUT 22 000 BY THE END OF RAMADHAN AND SHOULD CONTINUE AT THAT LEVEL THROUGH THE ELECTION PERIOD SUPARMAN SAID SECURITY ORCES HAVE LEARNED FROM THE PAST OPERATIONS IN JAKARTA TACTICS HAVE BEEN MODIFIED UNITS ARE NOW MORE FAMILIAR WITH THE AREAS WHERE TROUBLE IS LIKELY TO OCCUR AND FORCES ARE DEPOLYED ACCORDINGLY UNITS ARE BEING ROTATED SO SOLDIERS ARE NOT POSTED AT THE SAME SITES ALL THE TIME SUPARMAN ALSO SAID HIS COMMAND NOW HAS ENOUGH PERSONNEL SO SOLDIERS CAN BE PERIODICALLY RELIEVED AND DO NOT HAVE TO BE ON DUTY CONTINUOUSLY ACCORDING TO SUPARMAN THE DEPLOYMENT OF SECURITY FORCES IN JAKARTA IS BEING DONE AT CONSIDERABLE COST HE POINTED OUT THAT BECAUSE SO MANY SOLDIERS HAVE BEEN MOVED TO JAKARTA IT HAS CREATED AN OF FORCES IN OTHER AREAS WHERE THERE MAY BE TROUBLE SAID THE POLICE ARE UNDER-STRENGTH POORLY MOTIVATED AND ALWAYS HAVE TO BE BACKED UP BY ABRI MILITARY UNITS FOR THE PAST 15 YEARS ABRI LEADERS HAVE RECOGNIZED THE NEED TO EXPAND AND STRENGTHEN POLICE FORCES BUT HAVE LACKED THE FUNDS TO REMEDY THE PROBLEM THE POLICE ORGANIZATION WILL BE OFFICIALLY SEPARATED FROM ABRI IN APRIL BUT SUPARMAN ADMITTED THIS CHANGE WILL MAKE LITTLE DIFFERENCE OPERATIONALLY IN THE STREETS OF JAKARTA 4 BETWEEN RMY AND POLICE PERSONNEL HE REPOR OP PROS A THAT COOPERATION BETWEEN POLICE AND MILITARY UNITS IN JAKARTA HAS BEEN GOOD GENERAL RULES OF ENGAGEMENT ROE HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED AND DISSEMINATED TO SECURITY FORCES THESE ROE DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN RESPONSE To DEMONSTRATIONS RIOTS LOOTING AND OTHER CRIMINAL ACTS SUPARMAN SAID THAT JAKARTA POLICE ARE IN CHARGE OF METRO SECURITY AND RIOT CONTROL OPERATIONS MILITARY UNITS ARE ATTACHED TO THE POLICE ONLY IF THE SITUATION BECOMES CRITICAL Page 3 of 6 WILL THE ARMY TAKE OVER OPERATIONS 5 G SUPARMAN SAID NEW CIVILIAN MILITIA RECRUITS WHICH HE REFERRED TO AS NOT ARE CURRENTLY BEING TRAINED BY THE INDUK TRAINING REGIMENT AT KODAM JAYA MOST OF THE INSTRUCTORS ARE FROM THE POLICE - THE KODAM IS PRIMARI LY PROVIDING TRAINING FACILITIES SUPARMAN CONTENDED THE MILITIA FORCES ARE DEFINITELY NEEDED THEY WILL BE ARMED WITH BATONS AND SHIELDS THEY WILL BE ADEQUATELY TRAINED AND SUPERVISED TO ASSIST THE POLICE IN MAINTAINING LAW AND ORDER HE SAID THAT AFTER THE ELECTIONS HE EXPECTS THE MILITIA FORCES TO BE INCORPORATED AS PARAMILITARY MEMBERS i A MRA KEAMANAN RAKYAT - SECURITY IS AN ALREADY EXISTING PARAMILITARY ORGANIZATION THAT IS UNDER CONTROL OF THE POLICE 6 MG SUPARMAN SAID DURING THE 13 NOVEMBER POLICE RETAINED COMMAND CONTROL OF SECURITY OPERATIONS THROUGHOUT HE SAID HE WAS OVERHEAD IN A MILITARY HELICOPTER OBSERVING THE ACTION BASED ON THE SCALE OF THE CONFRONTATION THAT TOOK PLACE SUPARMAN SAID HE EXPECTED A LARGER NUMBER OF CIVILIAN CASUALTIES AROUND 200 THE ACTUAL FIGURES HE SAID WERE 55 PERSONS INJURED OR KILLED BY RUBBER BULLETS AND FIVE OR SIX HIT BY LIVE 5 56MM BALL AMMUNITIONI 7 f6 - SUPARMAN SAID HE WAS JUST AS SURPRISED AS EVERYONE ELSE WHEN HE FIRST HEARD THE REPORTS ABOUT USE OF LIVE AMMUNITION SOLDIERS WERE NOT ISSUED BALL AMMUNITION AND NO COMMAND WAS ISSUED TO USE LIVE AMMUNITION SUPARMAN SAID HE AND HIS PERSONNEL IN KODAM JAYA HAD COOPERATED FULLY WITH MILITARY POLICE INVESTIGATORS WHO HAD QUESTIONED SOLDIERS COLLECTED SUSPECT WEAPONS AND COMMENT THAT THE INVESTIGATION IS DRAGGING ON AND IT WOULD BE BETTER FOR ABRI TO RELEASE THE RESULTS QUICKLY SUPARMAN SAID HE THINK THE BALISTICS TESTS HAD PRODUCED ANY CLEAR ANSWERS YET NOTING THAT BALLISTICS TESTING TECHNIQUES IS AN AREA WHERE HE THOUGHT ABRI COULD USE SOME ASSISTANCE SUPARMAN SAID THAT KODAM IAYA OFFICERS ON SECURITY DUTY ARE NOT ARMED WITH LIVE AMMUNITION BUT DO CARRY TEAR GAS PISTOLS 8 16 REGARDING THE PRESS REPORTS THAT MORE THAN 100 SOLDIERS HAD BEEN DISCIPLINED FOLLOWING THE SEMANGGI INCIDENT MG SUPARMAN SAID SOLDIERS WERE IDENTIFIED AND CHARGED WITH USE OF EXCESSIVE FORCE ON THE BASIS OF VIDEO EVIDENCE OF THE INCIDENT MOSTLY FOR DISCHARGING THEIR WEAPONS WITH RUBBER BULLETS WITHOUT PERMISSION AND USE OF EXCESSIVE FORCE AGAINST DEMONSTRATORS BASED ON THE argh Display SEVERITY OF THE VIOLATION SOLDIERS HAD BEEN GIVEN ONE OF THREE LEVELS OF PUNISHMENT - 21 DAYS DETENTION 10 DAYS DETENTION OR EXTRA TO BARRACKS ALL OF THOSE DISCIPLINED HAVE RETURNED TO THEIR UNITS SUPARMAN DESCRIBED MORALE IN THE C COMMAND AS 9 167 MG SU PARMAN SAID THAT ALTHOUGH HE AND HIS STAFF ARE MAINTAINING OPEN DIALOGUE WITH THE VARIOUS STUDENT GROUPS HE EXPECTS MORE TROUBLE IN THE MONTHS BEFORE THE ELECTIONS HE SAID SOME OF THE STUDENT GROUPS HAVE ADOPTED AN AGGRESSIVE STRATEGY To CONFRONT AND PROVOKE THE SECURITY FORCES THEIR AIM IS TO DISCREDIT THE MILITARY AND THE GOVERNMENT ACCORDING TO SUPARMAN THE STUDENTS EXPECT TO TAKE CASUALTIES - WHICH WILL SERVE THEIR GOAL OF BRINGING DOWN THE GOVERNMENT SAID HE HAS BEEN DELUGED BY CALLS AND VISITS FROM VARIOUS POLITICAL FIGURES INCLUDING LTG RET KEMAL AND GEN RET HE EXPRESSED FRUSTRATION ABOUT SOME OF THESE POLITICIANS ATTITUDES AND THEIR CONTENTIONS THAT STUDENT GROUPS ARE INNOCENT AND PEACEFUL ACCORDING TO SUPARMAN IT IS THE STUDENTS WHO HAVE BECOME OVERLY AGGRESSIVE AND ARE TRYING TO PROVOKE THE SECURITY FORCES BY THROWING ROCKS MOLOTOV COCKTAILS AND HUMAN EXCREMENT THE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION AND MEDIA GENERALLY HAVE NOT PORTRAYED STUDENTS AS OUR CLOSE MONITORING OF STUDENT DEMONSTRATIONS ALSO WOULD NOT SUPPORT THIS CHARACTERIZATION 1 1 49 SUPARMAN EXPRESSED CONCERNS OVER THE POSSIBILITY OF DEMONSTRATORS EMPLOYING FIREARMS HE SAID THAT DURING THE SEMANGGI INCIDENT MILITARY INTELLIGENCE HAD RECEI VED REPORTS THAT SOME STUDENTS POSSESSED PISTOLS HE ALSO ACKNOWLEDGED THERE IS A PROBLEM WITH SMUGGLING AND BLACK MARKETING OF FIREARMS IN JAKARTA HE SAID WEAPONS ARE COMING INTO JAKARTA FROM OTHER AREAS LIKE ACEH THE EXISTENCE OF A BLACK MARKET FOR TRADE OF PISTOLS AND RIFLES IN JAKARTA CREATES THE TROUBLING POSSIBILITY SECURITY FORCES COULD FACE ARMED RIOTERS AND DEMONSTRATORS 12 - ASKED ABOUT THE STATUS OF THE PEMUDA PANCASILA YOUTH GRO RESPONSE MG SUPARMAN SAID HE HAS A VERY POOR OPINION OF THE GRQUP DESCRIBING THEM As THUGS AND CRIMINALS PREMEN OPERATING UNDER THE BANNER OF PANCASILA HE EXPLAINED THAT YOUTH GROUPS LIKE PEMUDA PANCASILA ARE PERMITTED BY LAW UNDER THE PURVIEW OF THE HOME MINISTRY BUT IN REALITY HE SAID THE PEMUDA OPERATES LIKE A OBTAINING INCOME FROM INVOLVEMENT IN ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES LIKE DRUGS PROSTITUTION AND HE CONCEDED THAT ABRI HAD PROVIDED UNIFORMS AND BASIC TRAINING TO WM 4 Page 4 of 6 SHEEP Display Page 5 of 6 7W3musg g4 THE PEMUDA IN THE PAST BUT COMM ENTED THAT HE PERSONALLY HAD ALWAYS TRIED TO KEEP A DISTANCE FROM THEM HE WAS CONTACTED BY PEMUDA PANCASILA LEADERS AFTER TAKING OVER AT KODAM JAYA BUT HAS PANCASILA ARE BEING USED BY CABINET MEMBERS LIKE MINISTER OF BUSINESSES AND COOPERATIVES ADI FOR POLITICAL PURPOSES - TO UNDERMINE THE ELECTION 13 SUPARMAN EXPRESSED FRUSTRATION AT THE CHRONIC UNDERFUNDING OF THE MILITARY AND LOW MILITARY SALARIES HE SAID THAT AS A MAJOR GENERAL HE EARNS ONLY RUPIAH 1 200 000 ABOUT USD 160 PER MONTH COMMENTING THAT SOLDIERS ARE FORCED TO BECOME CRIMINALS PREMAN BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT PAID ENOUGH MONEY TO LIVE THE SAME APPLIES TO GOVERNMENT CIVIL SERVANTS HE SAID THAT ADEQUATE MILITARY FUNDING IS THE FIRST STEP TO RESTORING THE PROFESSIONALISM OF ABRI HE EXPRESSED CONTEMPT FOR FINANCE MINISTER KARTASASMITA AND QUESTIONED PRESIDENT LEADERSHIP ON THE ISSUE OF THE DEFENSE BUDGET REGARDING ABRI BUSINESSES SUPARMAN SAID THEIR PRIMARY PURPOSE IS TO PROVIDE EMPLOYMENT FOR RETIRED ABRI OFFICERS HE SAID THE YAYASANS INSTITUTES ARE DIFFERENT KODAM JAYA OPERATES AT LEAST ONE YAYASAN TO OBTAIN NECESSARY FUNDS FOR DAILY OPERATIONS AND TRAINING SINCE THE GOVERNMENT PROVIDE ENOUGH FUNDS 14 fey-MG SUPARMAN ENTHUSIASTICALLY SUPPORTED MILITARY REFORMS AND ABRI NEUTRALITY DURING THE ELECTIONS HE INFORMED @1314 0 TWO YEARS AGO HE HAD BEEN CHIEF OF STAFF KODAM II SRIWIJAYA UNDER THEN MG BAMBANG AT THAT TIME HE HELPED YUDHOYONO DRAFT THE PLAN FOR REFORM OF DUAL FUNCTION POLICY REGARDING GEN PLAN TO REQUIRE ALL OFFICERS IN POLITICAL KEKARYAN POSITIONS TO RETIRE HE SAID THIS IS ALREADY HAPPENING MILITARY GOVERNORS AND BUPATIS ARE BEING FORCED To TAKE OFF THEIR UNIFORMS AND RETIRE ALL OF THE POSITIONS WILL BE GRADUALLY PHASED OUT AS IS THE CASE WITH OTHER SENIOR ABRI OFFICERS SUPARMAN DIFFERENTIATED BETWEEN THE POLITICAL POSITIONS AND THE DUAL FUNCTION NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT MISSION IN THE AND VILLAGES WHICH WILL BE RETAINED REFUSED TO ALLOW ANY FORMAL CONTACT BETWEEN THE GROUP AND KODAM JAYA PERSONNEL HE STATED OPENLY A GROUPSLIEEJHE PEMUDA mm mun 5 COMMENTS SUPARMAN AND FRANKLY HE APPEARED SINCEE AND PROVIDED DIRECT RESPONSE TO EVERY QUESTION ASKED 7 SPEAKS AND UNDERSTANDS qumgw eaEBITDisplayw b1g31219_g 2424 Page 6 of 6 ENGLISH REASONABLY WELL ALTHOUGH HE HAD A TRANSLATOR PRESENT AND MOST OF THE CONVERSATIO WAS IN INDONESIAN AT SEVERAL POINTS DURING THE CONVERSATION a a ESTEILCLARIELCAIION FROM THE TRANSLATOR TO MAKE SURE HE UNDERSTOOD THE bee-IT IS CLEAR MG SUPARMAN UNDERSTANDS THE DIFFICULTY OF HIS MISSION TO MAINTAIN SECURITY IN THE CAPITAL DURING THE ELECT ION YEAR HE APPEARS STEADFAST IN HIS RESOLVE TO MAINTAIN LAW AND ORDER DURING THE UNCERTAIN MONTHS AHEAD SUPARMAN SERVED AS ASSISANT FOR TERRITORIAL OPERATIONS UNDER GEN WIRANTO IN 1995 WHEN WIRANTO WAS THE KODAM JAYA COMMANDER AS MENTIONED HE SUBSEQUENTLY BECAME LTG CHIEF OF STAFF IN KODAM II THUS IT APPEARS HE IS AND LIKELY TRUSTED BY BOTH WIRANTO AND YUDHOYONO SUPARMAN COMMANDED A BATTALION IN KODAM V WAS COMMANDER OF KOSTRAD 13TH INFANTRY BRIGADE AND SERVED BRIEFLY AS THE KODAM COMMANDER BEFORE BEING BROUGHT TO JAKARTA TO REPLACE MG SJAMSOEDDIN AFTER THE MW ONE OF HIS STAFF OFFICERS TOLD SERVED WITH UNITED NATIONS FORCES IN BOSNIA APPARENTLY HIS ONLY OVERSEAS DUTY ASIDE FROM THAT AND THE ONE YEAR STINT AS CHIEF OF STAFF FOR KODAM II IN SOUTH SUMATRA HE HAS SPENT HIS ENTIRE CAREER ON THE ISLAND 0F JAVA 3 ij WHEREAS SUPARMAN WAS FRANK AND HONEST ABOUT THE WEAKNESSES OF THE POLICE FORCE HIS ATTITUDE TOWARD THE POLICE IS TYPICAL I E THE POLICE WERE IN CHARGE OF OPERATIONS AT SEMANGGI THEREFORE THE BREAKDOWN OF COMMAND AND CONTROL WAS NOT REALLY AN ARMY PROBLEM THE POLICE ARE ON THE FRONT LINES FACING ANGRY DEMONSTRATORS WHEN THINGS GO WRONG LIKE THE SEMANGGI INCIDENT OR THE TRISAKTI UNIVERSITY SHOOTINGS IN MAY 1993 ITS EASY BLAME THE PCE -4 C I #0587 use 424 This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu