WlDUVrnWlDl1 slBrnlEVU lD sWlB rC J U l5C J l5 'I OOl5 l5 OO l1 86-36 WINTERBOTHAM'S THE ULTRA SECRET A PERSONAL COMMENT Brigadier John H riltman 1 WEAPON THAT HELPED DEFEAT NAZIS P W Fi1by o 3 MUM'S STILL THE WORD 1 5 LINEAR RECURSIVE SEqUENCES 6 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1974-1975 9 GREAT SOVIET SHIPBUILDING MYSTERY lDavid H Willjams ' o 21 WHAT ARE WE ABOUT 23 LINGUISTS FROM THE MELTING rOT 25 CLA ESSAY CONTEST CAA NEWS 27 I 'I'IIIS 99EURI JMBN'I' EUR9N'I'AINS EUR99BW9RB MA'fERIAI ' 'e II QIRfIIl l ' N l ll l fIIl lt l ll lAll J 2 l le_ e lIm G9l l He 1165 C ll Bee ' Notification bi the 8 ilia'lui Declassified and Approved for Release by NSA on '10-'1 '1- 20'1 2 pursuant to E O '135 26 vl DR Case # 54778 DOCID 4009727 fOP SBCRBf Published Monthly by PI Techniques and Standards for the Personnel of Operations DECEMBER 1975 VOL II NO 12 WILLIAM LUTWINIAK PUBLISHER BOARD OF EDITORS Arthur J Salemme 5642s Editor in Chief Cryptanalysis 1 Language P L lt8025S Emery W Tetrault 5236s Machine Support Special Research k3321S 1 Vera R Filby 71195 Traffic Analysis o Frederic O Mason Jr 4l42s For individual subscriptions send name and organizational designator to CRYPTOLOG PI fOP SBCRBT - 86-36 oocro - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ 4009727 l The foZZowing three articles deal in various liJays UJith the publicity given in the British and American press and on television to F W Winterbotham's book The Ultra Secret The first articl 3 by Brigadier John H Tiltman deals UJith the aCaur'acy of the statements in the book and the degree of har'm done by them The second article by P w Filby is a revieUJ of the book as assessed by a member of the team of specialists liJho liJOrked the German diplomatic problem The third article 3 byl IM542 yiV8SCiiJOiid of advice to those liJho might noliJ be tempted to tell everything they knouJ A PERSONAL COMMENT By Brigad ier John H Tiltman P1 When Winterbotham's book was first published late in 1974 in England some members of NSA who had served at Bletchley Park during World War II on reading early reviews assumed that it was officially authorised This was definitely not the case Its publication was strenuously opposed by British responsible authorities who took legal advice on the probable consequences of prosecuting the author under the British Official Secrets Act They were advised that prosecution could not be effective without the case going to court and evidence produced that British national security had been damaged by the book's publication with consequent public disclosure of more current intelligence activities They therefore decided that legal action would probably do more harm than good Another and J erhaps a decisive factor making prosecution unl kely to succeed was the pUblication in France in 1973 of Bertrand's book Enigma3 ou La PlUB Grande Enigtne de la Guerre 1939-1945 This revealed for the first time the fact of an analytic success against the Enigma and was decisive in the discussions between Deputy Director NSA and Director GCHQ on the matter of whether to attempt to restrain Winterbotham and his publisher I am not alone in believing that an early official public description perhaps a joint US-UK statement of the basic facts of the wartime exploitation of the intelligence derived from the solution of the Enigma keys might have mitigated the damage done to security Perhaps this could have been strengthened by a further December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 1 BECBEI' t f j r L o fA ee IIIC'f' eIIl'dVlCEt l 6l LY L 86-36 DOCID 4009727 St3CRt3T statement that the revelation of technical details of the methods of solution would be resisted indefinitely I realise however that there must be other valid arguments which persuaded the responsible authorities not to take such action I myself took no part in the solution of Enigma keys in Huts 6 and 8 nor in its exploitation in Hut 3 but I am I believe the only person around who was on the directorate level at Bletchley Park during the war and had a hand in many of the policy decisions made regarding the production and use of the intelligence derived The book is poorly written and very inaccurate in some areas where I know the facts The references to the early history of Enigma solution and to the activities of the staff of Hut 6 who performed the cryptanalytic part of the enterprise are hopelessly wrong It is difficult to understand how the author who had considerable responsibilities for the organisation and distribution of Enigma intelligence could have been so completely ignorant of the technical side of the operation He doesn't know the difference between the Enigma a rotor machine other German ciphers the Japanese high-grade diplomatic machine the Purple a totally different kind of machine and the Japanese Fleet general cipher a codebook and additive hand system His remarks about the Rronze Goddess appear to be a complete invention Some people gather the impression when they read the book that the author greatly magnifies his own part in the winning of the war I give an example from my own experience To quote some passages It was at this point that Menzies told me he had decided to hand over my shadow OKW in Hut 3 to the General Administration at Bletchley One never knew where one stood with Menzies He softened the pill by confirming me as his deputy o p 87 Despite the loss of my personal control of Hut 3 and the shadow OKW I still had direct access to it when required I was never told by Menzies the real reasons for the takeover o o p 92 The facts are that I reported to the Director of Military Intelligence at the War Office that Curtis the War Office representative in Hut 3 in conjunction with Humphries the corresponding Air Force representative had on two separate occasions gone behind my back to recommend reorganisation of Hut 3 under their own more direct control In consequence a SIGINT Board meeting was called with General Menzies in the chair and consisting of the three Service Directors of Intelligence and Director GCHQ At this meeting it was decided to withdraw Humphries Curtis and the naval representative I knew Winterbotham slightly and flew with him to Paris on the occasion of one of my official visits to France in 1940 His outstanding achievement was the establishment of SLUs spe- cial liaison units for the dissemination of ULTRA to commanders in the field I have no reason to doubt that he records this faithfully He gives rise to feelings of liscomfort however when he describes his relations with the more high-ranking recipients of his wares It appears that Montgomery must have treated him with less courtesy than others and consequently he feels sure he himself could have fought Montgomery's battles far more efficiently In view of its general inaccuracy especially when touching on technical matters I believe the book taken by itself does no harm This cannot be said for the side effects it touched off The first review I read was in the Washington Post by Al Friendly who himself served in Hut 3 He headlines his review Confessions of a Codebreaker He gives the impression that for a great part of the war every telegraphic order issued by Hitler was currently on the desk of the Prime Minister and concerned Allied commanders This is simply not true Such a picture takes no account of the many difficulties of the operation the decisions to be taken on insufficient evidence as to priorities of attack on some keys to the exclusion of others the many failures and delays the early misunderstanding as to the real meaning of messages etc The general success of the project was as much a triumph of organisation of the large-scale attack as of the ingenuity and persistence of the cryptanalysts especially the mathematicians Perhaps the most obj ectionable of the reviews was a long article in one of the London Sunday newspapers by Peter Calvocoressi He was an important figure in Hut 3 presumably recruited by Winterbotham He is now I believe managing director of Penguin Books and was the joint author of a distinguished history of World War II His article is an extremely well-written description of life in Hut 3 but he has gone further than anyone else in including a photograph of the German Service Enigma and in mentioning the Bombe I believe this was the first time a picture of the service Enigma appeared in public print Not even Bertrand in his book Enigma gives a photograph of the machine I am quite unable to understand Calvocoressi's arrogant assumption that he can say what he likes in public now that Winterbotham's book has appeared I hold the view that everyone who worked in Bletchley Park is still under a moral obligation not to disclose secrets not previously published without official permission and I would have thought is aware of this obligation Many of us were nervous of what David Kahn would have to say when his turn came to review the book When his review did appear in the New York Review of Books it was surprisingly mild and harmless He of course is in a different category Not ever having been a part of December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 2 8I3CRt3'f WCWl9blS '11 EetlHl'T ElbidIHEb 6I ty DOCID L 8BCRBT bombes became available In his casual remarks about me Winterbotham is somewhere near the truth he says I had been borrowed from the Other reviewers have been influential jourArmy So I was -- 2D years earlier Of Josh nalists who have taken the tone that the book Cooper he says he was another brilliant mathehas revealed the operations of World War II in matician Josh wasn't a mathematician at all a new light that history will have to be rewritten that the British have told only part of -- he was a very fine linguist For no known reason Winterbotham mentions Dick Pritchard the story and that they will have to tell the He was a regular Army officer who had been with rest I do not know whether we have heard the me for 8 or 9 years before the war but he had last of this attitude nothing whatever to do with the solution of the Something has to be said about the paragraphs Enigma on page 14 of the book dealing with personaliI think it quite likely that all this does no ties Winterbotham mentions the mathematicians Alexander Babbage Welchman and Milner Barry harm at all but we cannot by any means be certain of this Therefore we have to continue to but doesn't seem to have heard of Turing who try to withhold further disclosures particularis generally regarded as the leading genius of lyon technical methods of solution the methods of solution of the Enigma in its CII' EES various forms He says that it was generally accepted that of our own backroom boys 'Dilly' Knox was the mastermind behind the Enigma afBpigadiep Tiltman was Deputy Dipector fair I do not agree with this at all and Chief CI'yptogmpher GCHQ from though I am aware that he was in general charge 1941 to 1946 Since 1964 he has been of the analysis of the machine before the war working at NSA Fopt Meade He is and long before the British had any success in a Commander Ordep of St Michael and solution Incidentally Winterbotham seems to St George Commandep Order of the confuse Knox with Foss who fits much better British Empire and Distinguished into the physical description in the book and Membep CMI who had some influence on early solutions before any Government agency he cannot be regarded as subject to the same restrictions ULTRA WAS SECRET WEAPON THAT HELPED DEFEAT NAZIS By P W Filby Shortly after the outbreak of World War II the British Government acquired a stately home in a small town called Bletchley a town renowned only for its railway junction and nearby brickyards For the next few months civilians and servicemen and women arrived in ever increasing numbers and hardly a house in Bletchley escaped billeting The citizens wondered at the motley crowd raffishly dressed for the most part often absent-minded and all having a studious air about them High iron fences were erected round the home known as Bletchley Park and armed Army guards were on duty at all times The locals had to get used to comings and goings of their lodgers at all hours and having taken in civilians they would suddenly see them emerge in full regalia as officers of the three services especially when they made trips to London Many guesses were hazarded but the only thing that could be said was that it was a secret department -- and the secret was well kept so well that it is not until now thirty years later that the Bletchley people and the world will know that the many thousands of people at the Park were working in enemy codes and ciphers UNCLASSIFIED Group Captain Winterbotham has taken advantage of the 3D-year rule to describe the success of one group Hut 3 It is an absorbing story and although the chief defect is that Winterbotham was not a codebreaker and therefore makes several wrong assertions the book is one of outstanding interest and readers will marvel at the war's greatest secret and how it was kept until now Just before the outbreak of World War II the British had obtained by various means a complex machine known as Enigma which was being used for the encoding of the most secret and important German armed forces communications After a prodigious effort the British cryptographers of Hut 3 managed to break this machine and later built what might well have been the first computer so that the communications could be read immediately upon receipt To everyone's surprise the Germans continued to use this machine throughout the war and thus most plans made by Hitler and his High Command were known to the British and later the Americans also at the same time as the German recipients Radio operators in remote lonely locations intercepted the messages which were rushed to December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 3 S CR 'f lb'liiBbE VIA BaIlIffi' B NNEt S SIIbY OOClO 4009727 UNCLASSIFIED Bletchley often by motorcycle until more sophisticated methods were evolved and were promptly decoded and passed to the appropriate commands The intelligence was code-named Ultra Astonishin ly there is nothin in captured German documents to suggest that anyone suspected that the most secret cypher code was being read throughout the war Much of the credit for this were the rules laid down by Winterbotham for the need to know For instance the Russians were never told of it and the many free forces French Dutch etc were not let in on the secret Winterbotham toured British and American commands lecturing users on this intelligence and warning them care had to be taken on how the information could be used For instance although the presence of an enemy force might be given in detail by Ultra to bomb it immediately would cause the Germans to wonder how the enemy knew of this force so reconnaissance planes had to be used so that the Germans would suspect that they had been spotted from the air Unhappily it was not unusual for holders of the German plans to have to forgo using them for fear of compromising the cypher break One such occasion was the bombing of poor Coventry enemy plans were known beforehand but to defend the city would have aroused German suspicions Although attempts to defend were made the populace was not warned in advance At that time it was not known whether German spies were working among the British But the information was used with telling effect in the Battle of Britain when the Air Force knew exactly the direction and the force to be employed in each attack It is probable that Ultra did much to save Britain in those dark days Everyone knew the Air Force could not withstand these onslaughts for long but Ultra allowed them breathing space by parceling out the slender defense forces where needed most Ultra played a particularly distinguished part in the North African campaign where Montgomery was informed of Rommel's disposition of his forces and the extent of his supplies Ultra also enabled supplies across the Mediterranean Sea to be sunk en route Montgomery's face should be red since he claimed verbally and in his books that he planned his battle order but he acquired the record of invincibility only through his use of the information given by Ul tra With the British losing thousands of tons of shipping weekly the decoding of the German Navy's messages provided a welcome respite and from 1943 the losses were significantly reduced since the disposition of the U-boats was known One wonders now just how the Normandy landing would have worked out without Ultra Since decoded messages told of the German belief that the attack would come from the narrow Pas de Calais General Patton arrived with a phantom army to give the impression the landing would indeed be tried there Consequently Rundstedt and a vast army were kept there reducing the defenses in Normandy Ultra's strength was also shown when in the Battle of the Bulge the Germans relied on telephone rather than radio communications and many lives were lost because the Allies could I earn nothing of the German plans and intentions These and other exciting stories are related in this absorbing book It suffers perhaps because Winterbotham was a go-between rather than one of the codebreakers and thus credit is not given to the mathematicians and linguists who worked long hours in stuffy rooms where because of blackout precautions fresh air seldom penetrated the smoke-filled atmosphere Tribute must also have been paid to those radio operators straining their ears when static and other conditions meant a missed group and maybe an important one at that when the operator could not ask for a repeat -these were the real heroes of one of the Qutstanding accomplishments of the war One amusing tailpiece to the whole affair is the effect it will have on those whose memoirs have already been written Many should now be rewritten if Ultra did not actually win the war it will cause historians to revise what has been written thus far Books such as D-Day are exciting reading but the present work must be included in all war hiptory collections from now on since it will affect all war histories in varying ways Winterbotham is rightly proud of Bletchley's achievement but he tends to forget that information needs acting upon it needs good generals and above all a great Air Force Army and Navy Fortunately the Allies had these too and though Ultra was one of the most important contributions to the victory Winterbotham perhaps overrates it a little Sir John Masterman's book The Double-Cross System in the War of 1939-1945 reviewed in these columns February 12 1972 describes how captured spies were turned around and also contributed to the downfall of Germany There were other great coups but Ul tra and Double Cross must rank very high in the defeat of the Nazis P W Filby in addition to his SIGINT experience at Bletchley Park and GCHQ is an honorary NSA-er by marriage his UYife is CLA President and CRYPTOWG's SRA Editor Vera R Filby MY' Filby is the current Director of the Maryland Historial Society Baltimore Maryland The preceding review is reprinted in entirety from the Baltimore Evening Sun June 10 1975 December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 4 UNCLASSIFIED r ' DOCID 4009727 UNCLASSIFIED P L 86-36 MUM'S STILL THE WORD By 1'----IM542 Many people make their work and the organization they work for an extension of their own egos especially when the organization is performing a vital service to society For most people one of the most compelling motivations on the job is the quest for approval by their peers and supervisors But we NSAers are not like most people True we have always been able to rely on peer and supervisory approval but we have never been able to derive ego gratification from identifying with NSA -- historically both the Agency itself and our specific jobs here have been obscured from public notice Lately however the curtain cloaking our activities has been lifted slightly Winterbotham's book The Ultra Secret and the follow-on revelations in the CBS television program Sixty Minutes have provided the publ ic with gl impses of the vital role that cryptology plays in protecting our nation's security Certainly all of us must feel a sense of pride and perhaps indUlge our egos a bit to see our Agency's vital function finally made known to the public It's a very seductive thing We plug along for years without public recognition We strive constantly to overcome the natural urge to discuss our work with non-NSA friends particularly when that work involves events taking place on the world stage Then suddenly there's our organization our work -- us -- on the television screen the front page of the newspaper the public bookshelf How easy it is to feel proud about finally getting public recognition But that initial feeling of pride and personal gratification is soon outweighed by the disquieting realization that someone has talked someone has betrayed our tradition of keeping our mouths shut That our cryptologic operations are discussed at all in the public media no matter how many decades have elapsed is the primary concern here Journalistic appetite begets appetite and once titillated by the morsels served up by disclosures such as those in Winterbotham's book it tends to become ravenous for the whole pot Those who were associated with the cryptologic effort in the past -- and the numbers are prodigious -- as well as those currently involved are presented with a psychological cop-out to indUlge then- Ilg0S36-3 R talk about their work After all everyone else is doing it Thus revelation begets revelation The publication of The Ultra Secret however innocuous its specific revelations can only be viewed with foreboding It can onlY hasten the dropping of the next shoe And when that shoe drops we NSAers should remember Mum's still the word The fact that such revelations do not always compromise sensitive information as in the case of The Ultra Secret and the TV follow-on does not diminish our feelings of dismay That precious shell of anonymity -- so carefully maintained over the years -- has been cracked One can only expect that others will rush forth to give their versions of past events and open that crack still wider A NaZI submarrne 1$ shown under attack by American planes DeCiphering the Ultra code enabled AllIed destroyers to Sink many German U boats December 7S CRYPTOLOG Page S UNCLASSIFIED DOCID 4009727 P L 86-36 UNCLASSIFIED GRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF LINEAR RECURSIVE SEQUENCES ' ' 1 December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 6 UNCLASSIFIED o EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 UNCLASSIFIED December 75 Page 7 UNCLASSIFIED DOCID 4009727 UNCLASSIFIED We need your help in keeping CRYPTOLOG's distribution list up to date Would you please fill in the attached form if you need MORE COPIES New hires people transferred in somebody wants to be added to list FEWER COPIES Resignations retirements transfers out somebody wants off NAM E CHANGES Misspellings on current distribution list girls getting married and taking husband's name guys getting married and adding wife's maiden name as hyphenated adjunct to his own EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 ANY OTHER CHANGES TO Editor CRYPTOLOG PI Please make the following changes to distribution for _ Organization ADD copies for _ _ DE LE TE copies for CHANGE mailing labels as follows LABEL READS LABEL SHOULD READ If you do not want to cut this page use plain piece of paper December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 8 UNCLASSIFIED --O-oCID _ --'------------------ ------ CTCr9727 -------- --------- r-L 86-36 SECRET CUMULATIVE INDEX 1974- 975 The foZlOlJing cwrrulative index of CRYPTOLOG Vors I and II 1974 19 5 VaS aomputepproduaed using the Super Bee CRT Tycom typewriter teI'fltinal on the BfJ QO 4nd programs written by George P Wood P16 The index is printed in the middleuof his issue so that it can be removed and used as a sepmoate document if desired The index is in two pa t'ts The fipst part is an index of title$ H8 M alphabetiearly 1 by titre and 2 by keyword in the titre The second p t is n index of authors_ In both parts multiple entries a t'e listed in chronological sequence Items in the doubLe issue February-March 1975 are indicated by Feb in the double issue August-September 1975 by Aug 75 76 and those Abdul and His 40 Tanks BEISBOL Frederic O Mason Jr ooooo Aug 75 The Langui e of B eisbol in EVrYday Talk AFRIKAANS amon Santlago-OptlZ o o o o o Aug 74 Language in the News -- Afrikaans Amerind Arabic Chinese French Hebrew Lycian BOOKBREAKERS Spanish Portuguese Russian Swahili Letters to the Editor Professionalization Sep 74 of Bookbreakers 1 o o o o o Apr 75 AMERIND Letters to the edItor Language in the News -- Afrikaans Amerind fletteron Bodkbreakers Arabic Chinese French Hebrew Lycian I o o o 1- o o o o o May 75 Spanish Portuguese Russian Swahili Letters to the Editor -Sep 74 1 netter on Bockbreakers L o o o o o o May 75 APOSTROPHE Letters to the Edi tor-- Bookbreakers PrcfesThe Apostrophe -- Some Thought's sional zation Qfcountry s ecialists Vera R Filby o o o o o o Nov 74 1 1 Jun 75 The Winnah--Kid Apostrophe Oct 75 Letters to the Editor -o Iletter on Bookbreakers o o Jun 75 An Approach to Callsign Analysis Letters to the Editor -- Rebuttal William J Jackson oo Dec 74 Aug 75 CA COMINT Analysis ofl TA Handmaiden of CA DerekK Cr r a 'l g- - _ o o o o Sep 74 Frederic O Mason Jr May 75 Letters to the Editor -CM article oo o Dec 74 Learned Organizations CLA Essay Contest CAA News o o o o Dec 75 ARABIC Language in the News -- Afrikaans Amerind CALENDAR REFORM Arabic Chinese French Hebrew Lycian A Proposal for Calendar Reform Spanish Portuguese Russian Swahili Francis T Leahy o o o o Dec 74 Sep 74 Language in the News -- Language Panel NCS Calling ll SHAs -- SRA Symposium Machine Course for Linguists CLA News Aug 74 Arabic o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Apr 75 o Il o o o o o o o o o o o o o I o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o o 0 I 1 I I o Q P 1 4 c 86-36 r I o 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1 Are We Wasting Linguistic Time Mary Roberta Irwin i - O MA_T_E_D_ ' I ' AUTOMATIQN Automation_of a TA Process Tim Murphy May 75 I CALLSIGN An Approach to Callsign Analysis William J Jackson o o o o o Dec 74 CAMINO CAMINO New si 1 o Oct 75 1 o o o _ I - CAMINO -- Electronlc Warfare Terms 1 oo oo Feb 75 Jul 75 CAREER PANELS A Short Directory of Career Panels o Aug 74 P L 86-36 December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 9 8EGRB'f 1I 11BbE VIA 6811HI'F 6I1 UlEJ 6 Qtlb CRB'f CARRIAGE Project CARRIAGE -- Worldwide HFDF Modernization Plan James B Webster o o o o o o o Sep 74 The Case for COMINT Readers ---INFORMATION o o o o o Jan 75 CENTRAL A Guide to Central Information -- C5 oo Apr 75 Character Building in the People's I Republr of China Arabic o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Apr 75 Learned Organizations CLA IAI o o o May 75 Learned Organizations CMI CLA ooo Jul 75 Learned Organizations CLA Essay Contest CAA News o o o o Dec 75 CMI Learned Organizations -- CLA CMI CISI Prizes and Honors Spring 1974 ooo Aug 74 Learned Organizations CLA Is Ten Years Old o Jan 75 News from CISI CMI IAI o Learned Organizations -- CMI CLA o o o lillI1 17Sl P L Oct 74 CHARACTER STREAM SCANNING Paper on Character Stream Scanning by Machine o o o o o o o o o o o o o Oct 75 CODE The Navajo Code Talkers CODE CLERK PTching the Code Clerk o Jun 75 -d L D Callimahos ooo Re-psychling the Code Clerk CHINA Character Building in the People's Republic of China 1 11 ---_1 c 86-36 o Apr 75 1 o JuT 75 P L o o o Oct 74 CODE RECOVERY Cryptanalysis and Code Recovery Marjorie Mountjoy oo CHINESE o o Sep 74 Language in the News -- Afrikaans Arnerind Arabic Chinese French Hebrew Lycian CODES Spanish Portuguese Russian Swahili Basic Patterns of codes arid CipheJEP 1 4 c r- - - L--- L loI 1 oo o o Feb S 86 -3 6 o o o o o o oo o o oo o o Sep 74 11 Basic Patterns of C _O do e so and Ciphers ' L Feb 75 CODEWORD E6 1 4 o c Codeword or COM '- ' o MaYi5 ii P o L CIPHERS Basic Patterns of ICodes and Ciphers L -- J ' o o o o Feb 75 o o o o Jan 75 Com uters Comms and Low-Grade COLLECTION The New Collection Criteria ---lI- Dec 74 COLLECTOR CISI UNNA r- - -------- EO 1 4 c Learned Organizations -- CLA CMI CISI ---Ih oo Jan ilS 86-36 Prizes and Honors Spring 1974 o o o Aug 74 What is a Collector P L Learned Organizations -- CISI Forms o Aug 74 Special Interest Group on Human Factors 86-36 I 1 ooooo Q o o 86- 36 o L I -_ _ 1'----- o o o o o o o Dec 74 Learned Organizations -CLA Is Ten Years Old News from CISI CMI IAI o o o o o o Jan 75 CITIZENS OF THE WORLD Puzzle -- Citizens of the World o o o o Dec 74 Letters to the Editor Citizens of the World 1 Feb7S I 10 COMINT Analysis of L _ _ _ J Derek K Craig EO 1 4 c SEIp 1Z4 86-36 COMINT CHANNELS codeworr Qr CQMTNT cbaTe ls ' oo May 75 COMINT READERS The Case for COMINT Readers I F m Ja h 75 COMM CHANGE CLA A Comm Change at Ramasun Station Learned Organizations -- CLA CMI CISI o Apr 75 Prizes and Honors Spring 1974 o o o Aug 74 I Learned Organizations CLA Is Ten Years Old News from CISI CMI IAI o o o o o o Jan 75 The Warsaw Pact Language in the News -- Language Panel NCS 1 L -- - - - r - - - - - - - - - J ' 1 11oo Jul 75 Machine Course for Linguists etA News December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 10 I I EO 1 1 4 c P L 86-36 86-36 8ECRE'f 1i JIQbl VI 0 QIlHlT IWIW5b6 Q lbY P L 86-36 DOCID 4009727' SEEURRBT P L COMMS cr _c o mm_s a n d_LOW-Grade _ EO l 4 c P L 86-36 --I Ciphers r Oct 75 cQ N S S AT E L L I T E Jll o f_OMM_'_IN_I_C_A_T - N J - COMPUTER The Yawn of the Computer Age or When Your Terminal Is Terminal I I cr mlters COMS and Low-Grade _ I ---E ' ' ' ' ' ' _ _ J - - - - - - - - - - - - O -c t 75 COMPUTER NETWORK Computer Network Resources in C5 P L o o I o o 0 0 Jun 75 COURSE-EQUIVALENCY NCS Offers Course-equivalency Tests o o Nov 75 COVERTERMS Coverterms Vera R Filby o o ooo Apr 75 Letters to the Editor --Ir-- ''''' '''' '''Iartideuon Coverterms ------ o o Jun 75 r 1 CRYPTANALYSIS Cryptanalysis and Code Recovery Marjorie Mountjoy o o o o o o Sep 74 New Trends in the Teaching of Cryptanalysis I I Nov 74 C51 NEWSLETTER Establishment of CSI Newsletter o o o o Dec 75 EO 1 4 c C5 P L 86-36 A Guide to Central Information -- C5 o Apr 75 Computer Network Resources in C5 ooo Aug 75 DANANG TheuDanan Processing le t r o o o o o Oct 75 I'---- I- o o o o o o o Aug CRYPTANALYTICS Puzzle -- Secret Messages Military Cryptanalytics o o o o o o o Dec 74 86-36 Nov 74 DATA BASE The TEXTA Data Base William J Jackson o o o o o o Aug 74 How Clean Does a Data Base Need To Be Jan 75 I The Warsaw Pact I -- - _ _ I L I_ _ 4 o c Frederick W Walton JI oo r 2 tiJu167 5 DECRYPTION I'------r----------r--- I ___________ J Nov 75 DEFINITIONS D1I taandDefinitiohS Calling Thing by Their Rightful Names P L r---- I -I- - - - _ _ _N__ OV -------------r--- I _ _ _ _ _-11 I 74 P L I DESKPAD DESKPAD--A Programmer's Tool CRYPTANALYSTS What Should You Expect or The Analysis of Cryptanalysts 1 L D Ca ll -i m a ' h o s- -- - -- -- -- - -Ar-p r 7 15 o Jun 75 COUNTRY SPECIALISTS Letters to the Editor -Bookbreakers Professionalization of coun t r Specialists Bfi 3fi 1 oo Jun 75 ____ 'I --l hin the Cnde Clerk DATA DataandDefinitions Calling Things by Their RightfUl Names COMSEC COMSEC Familiarization - Do You Need Itt PT CRYPTOGRAPHIC o Aug 75 COMPUTER SYSTEMS Professionalizing in Computer Systems 1 CRYPTOGRAMS Secrets of the Altars rheMoustier Crypt 0f ra --- o o Sep 74 75 Jan 75 Cj hers 86-36 The Devil's I Dictionarr 74 Nov 75 o o EO 1 4 c $l6v-31 o o o o Feb 75 DIC1'lONARY The Devil' s Dictionary o o o o o o o o Feb 75 Glossaries versus Diatibnarais Which Should It Be Jacob Gurin o o o o o o o o o Feb 75 CRYPTO More on Squaring the Page A Crypto - TA Function Frederic O Mason Jr ooooo Jun 75 December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 11 86 --36 EO 1 4 c DOCIO 4009727 p o L o 86-36 SECRI3'f What Where Golden Oldies -- An Unofficial Glossary of Weasel Words o o o o o o o o o o o Oct 74 ____ Jr o o o o o o Glossaries versus Dictionaries __ Which Should It Be _ _ Paper on Character StreamScarming Feb 75 by Mac h'Ine 0 75 Jacob Gurin o o o o o o o o o o o o o oo ct _ GOLDEN OLDIES DIRECTORY Q den Oldies -- The Management Survey to of C A 74 clf th e Philharmonic o o o o o o o o o Aug 74 A Short Dlrec ry areer Pane'1' '''''' s ''''Il g lden Ol ies King EuSyb nd Queen Deodi The Do Xa P a d s ' L oooooo Sep 74 Edward S Wiley o o o o o o o Oct 75 GoldeiiOldj es -- AriUnQfficial 'GJ ossary of Weasel Words ' o oo Oct 74 Golden Oldies -EstabHsbJrt ntof DRAGON SEEDS Molecule Superseries o ooooooo Feb 75 Vietnam Articles in Dragon Seeds o o o Oct 75 Golden Oldies SIMP Tables Jun75 S ELECTRONIC WARFARE Golden Olee -- Rlt u II oo uN ' I'P L 86-36 The Role of the Electronic Warfare Advisory Element EWAE of NSA I Why N 74 ov I n I I -- ----- - CAMINO -- Electronic Warfare Terms k I ELINT The Uses of ELINT I I Ed Jul o Dec 75 75 o Dec 75 1-- ' o__ -- ou Letters to the Editor ' -lartIcle on ELINT 1 ENGLISH Language in the News Language in the News Jun 75 o o o o o l May 75 English o o o o Dec 74 English o Aug 75 Establishment of CSI Newsletter o o Dec 75 Even a 5-year-old Child Emery W Tetrault oo Oct 74 GUIDESMANSHIP Guidesmanship -- or How to Write Technical Manuals Without Actuallv Giving Anything Away 1 GULF OF TONKIN The Gulf of Tonkin Incident 1 P L I ' o Nov 74 Feb 75 GUPPY ReplacemTt of the GUPPY The Faithful Echo - The Role of the Libr oouu o o b15 State Department Interpreter I Iu uu ouu ouu ou Feb u 75 u H E B R E W P oL o 86-36 Language in the News -- Afrikaans Amerind A Fix for the Language Problem Arabic Chinese French Hebrew Lycian John B Thomas Jr o o o o o o Aug 75 Spanish Portuguese Russia n Swahili o o o o o o o o oo o o S'ep 74 Flag-Waving Programmer George John o o o o o o o o o Dec 74 HFDF Project CARRIAGE Worldwide HFDF Modernization Plan FRANCOPHONEGLOS James B Webster ooo o oo Sep 74 FRANCOPHONEGLOS Printout VI Is Available o o o o o o o Oct 75 ayi f l lPMDI IoILiSl i _ o May 7S L t ' FRENCH Language in the News -- Afrikaans Amerind ' How Clean Does a Data Base Need To Be Arabic Chinese French Hebrew LYcian' I Jan 7S C Spanish Portuguese Russian S ahIli ' HUMAN FACTORS Learned Organizations CISI Forms o Special Interest Group on Human Factors 1 '1--0 4 I o 86 36TheOldes c i n'I ' ' ' o o o o o o o Dec 74 Gary's Colors Caterino Garofalo o o o o o o Sep 74 GLOSSARY The New Traffic Analysis Glossary o o o Aug 74 IAI Learned Organizations CLA Is Ten Years Old o Jan 7S News from CISI eMI IAI o Learned Organizations -- CLA IAI o o o May 7S December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 12 SI JRI T IhldlBhE 'If ee 1114'f elll 'l4NI L O 4Li JL _ ' DOCID 4009727 EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 In Praise of SOLITS Louis C Grant o Nov 75 -------- ---------- I lu um uu um mNov L - 75 INTERN PROGRAM A Long Hard Look at the Intern Program -Program Philosophy Recruit ent Anne Exinterne o o o o o o o Sep A Long Hard Look at the Intern Program -Selection and Orientation Anne Exinterne o o o o o o o Oct A Long Hard Look at the Intern Program -Motivation and Morale Anne Exinterne o o o o o o o Nov A Long Hard Look at the Intern Program -What Happens to the Graduates Anne Exinterne o o o o o o o o Dec Letters to the Editor -- Intern Program Emery W Tetrault o o o o o o Feb Letters to the Editor -- Intern Progra Apr 1 74 74 74 74 75 I o 75 INTERPRETER The Faithful Echo - The Role of the S_t_a_t_e f ep-a-r-t-m-e-n-t-I-n-tj p e e r--__ Feb 75 -J fcbin Joe Cgde Clerk C ct----- LANGUAGE PROBLEM A Fix for the Language Problem John B Thomas Jr o o o o o o Aug P L 86- 6 LEARNED ORGANIZATIONS Learned Organizations -- CLA CMI CISI Prizes and Honors Spring 1974 o o o Aug 74 Learned Organizations -- CIS I Forms Special Interest Group on Human Factors o o o o o o o Dec 74 Learned Organizations -CLA Is Ten Years Ola News from CISI CMI iAI o o Jan 75 CLA IAI o o o May 75 Learned Organizations Learned Organizations -- CMI CLA o o o Jul 75 Learned Organizations CLA Essay Contest CAA News o o o o Dec 75 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Letters to the Editor -- SRA Svrnuosium Oct 74 Let ters to the Edi tor - DCid 7 c Letters to the Editor -- Citizens of tIEe fiQrHi6-36 1' 4 I 1 mu m m m mm mu m mFeb 75 P L Letters to the Editor -- Intern Program Emery W Tetrault o o o o o Feb 75 Letters to the Editor Intern ProgTam 1 1ooooo u Apr 75 Letters to the Editor Professionalization 6fB66kbreake fs 1 Letters to the gitor laTticle on ELINT c ' 'I' P L o ooo Apr APJ Let ters to tl ln e --'E 'dl ' l 't 'o O r - ---1 Iletter on Bookbr e akers KING EUSYB Golden Ol ies -- King Eusyb and Queen Deodi L 1 oooo Sep 74 LANGUAGE - - - - - - The Language of Beisbol in Everyday Talk Letters to the Edltor -1 letter on Bookbreakers EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 L D Callimahos o o o o o o o 1 1 Ramon Santiago-Ortiz o o o o o Aug 74 Language I essons Learned--A Personal MeDloir Oct 75 Tactical Language ExploitatlonA Lessrn Learned ' Oct 75 - -_ 1 ooooo I LANGUAGE IN THE NEWS Language in the News -- Afrikaans Amer nd Arabic Chinese French Hebrew Lyclan Spanish Portuguese Russian Swahili o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Sep 74 Language in the News -- English o o o o Dec 74 Language in the News -- Language Panel NCS Machine Course for Linguists CLA News Arabico o 0 0 o o o o o eo 0 0 0 Apr 75 Language in the News -- English o o o o Aug CI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 75 86- 36 75 o May 75 I I May 75 I LetterstoltheEa1tJr t Tl ii ' 1 5 ' ii'P L o o Jun Bookbreakers o Lettersto the Editor --I Jarticle Jun l Letters to the Editor -- Rebuttal Aug Letters to the Editor-Typewriter keyboard o Oct I 1 I 86 -3 6 75 75 75 75 LEXICOGRAPHY Some Thoughts on Lexicography Stuart A Buck o o o o o o o Sep 74 LINEAR RECURSIVE SEQUENCES Graphic Analysis of Linear Recursive Sequenc e s - I UOuuL o o o o Dec 75 P L LINGUISTIC Are We Wasting Linguistic Time CI December or 8 6- 3 6 May 75 LetterstotheEc litor- Bookbreakers RE ' J S- sionalization of Country Specialists ' ' 75 LANGUAGE PANEL Language in the News -- Lan uage Panel NCS Machine Course for Llngulsts CLA News Arabic Apr 75 i 75 1 I ' May 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 13 8BCRBT f N LE vIA eOftlIl4T ell l4l4EL ONLY 86-36 DOCID 4009727 8 CR T ''' 'iP L LINGUISTS Language in the News -- Language Panel NCS Machine Course for Linguists CLA News Arabic o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o J pr15 Linguists -- We Need an Experts Yellow Pages 1 Linguists -l Aug 75 k You Have an Exrr ocal Oct 75 Linguists from the Melting Pot 1 I Dec 75 A Long Hard Look at the Intern Program -Program Philosophy Recruitment Anne Exinterne o o o o o o o Sep A Long Hard Look at the Intern Program -Selection and Orientation Anne Exinterne o o o o o o o Oct A Long Hard Look at the Intern Program -Motivation and Morale Anne Exinterne o o o o o o o o Nov A Long Hard Look at the Intern Program -What Happens to the Graduates Anne Exinterne o o o o Dec 0 0 0 o 74 IL NCS News fromNCS -Men 'Resumes Hiring of LIC N SOffers Course in SIGINT Appreciation o o o o o o o o ' o Oct 74 Lartgullgein the News -- Language Panel NCS Machine Course for Linguists CLA News Arabic o o o o o o o o oo o o Apr 75 NCS Offers Course-equivalency Tests o o Nov 75 The New Traffic Analysis Glossary o o o Aug 74 New Trends in the Teaching of Cryptanalysis I 10 0 Nov 74 The New Collection riteria 1 J Dec 74 74 News from NCS -- Agency Resumes Hiring of LICs NCS Offers Course in SIGINT Appreciation o o o o o Oct 74 74 Nice Busman's Holiday for One NSA Employee Barbara Dudley o oo Aug 74 0 ----I 11 Promise or-Delusion I JuI 75 MANAGEMENT SURVEY Golden Oldies -- The Management Survey of the Philharmonic o o o o o Aug 74 o An October Overlap The Navajo Code Talkers o 0 0 o o 0 o o Dec 74 EO 1 4 c 36 lbcTt 751 6 - 0 o o 0 Nov 75 Oct 75 I I The Mum's Still the Word The ULTRA Secret Dec 75 0 o o I 0 ooo PADS More on Squaring the Page A Crypto ' TA Function Frederic O Mason Jr ooooo Jun 75 I -- ' Oct 74 0 ORAL REPORTING Oral Reporting o Feb 75 L ----- --I '- 1 o 1 1 - OVERLAP An October Overlap J o o o One Chance in Three -- But It Worked William Gerhard o o I 0 86-36 o The Mission of the Signals Processing Requirements Panel Oct 74 MOLECULE SUPERSERIES Golden Oldies -- Establishment of Molecule Superseries o o o o P L Oct 75 The OldLI_ _ I Section Horace Booth MAPS Maps in Mind -- A PhotoessaLuu uu uuouououupec 74 1 'U'uU'uu' Oct 75 NSA-CROSTlC NSA-crostic No 1 IL - 0 o 1972-73--A Vietnam Odyssey 74 MACHINE COURSE Language in the News -- Language Panel NCS Machine Course for Linguists CLA News Arabic o o o o o o o o o o o o o Apr 75 MACHINE INTELLIGENCE Machine Intelligence 86-36 P L 86-36 Oct 74 0 o o o o Oct 75 A Personal Comment on Winterbotham's The ULTRA Secret BTig John H Ti1tman o o o o Dec 75 PHILHARMONIC Golden Oldies -- The Management Survey of the Philharmonic o o o o Aug 74 o oo Jun 75 86-36 EO 1 4 o c P L 86-36 Do XaPads Edward S Wiley o o P L PMDS Hooray fOf_P_MD_s_ k 0 May 75 December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 14 8 CRE'f IIANBtJE 'IIA EUR811Hff EURIhfdffJEbS 8Nb'l DOCID 4009727 P L SECRE'f' 86-36 Ecr l 4 C P L 86 --36 PORTUGUESE Language in the News -- Afrikaans Amer nd Arabic Chinese French Hebrew Lyc1an Spanish Portuguese Russian Swahili o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Sep 74 PRIZES Learned Organizations -- CLA CMI CIS Prizes and Honors Spring 1974 oo Aug 74 J processingl Cornrnunic 'a 't '1 o n s------ -- 11 --_ _1 PROFESSIONALIZATION Letters to the Editor of Bookbreakers o Aug 75 I I Apr I I 75 I 'c f o A Proposal for Calendar Reform Francis T Leahy PSrChing the Code Clerk o Sep 74 o Jun 75 o ooo Dec 74 -J L D Callimahos o o o o o o o Apr 75 Purity of the Russian Language -Slavophiles vs Westernizers I I Nov 74 PUZZLE Puzzle -- Stinky Pinky P 1 8 6 3 6 Puzzle TelephoneDirectory o Puz zle - Telephone Recall Puzzle o Aug 74 o Aug 74 o Oct 74 SetTetMe $ L ilitary Puz n i f the W icl D c7 4 j Puzzle -- Crossed Codewords I I I I Jan 75 Puzzle -- Can You Make Out the Name1 I Eeb 75 i O Y i I L l o o o Apr 75 RANDOM Typewriter Random -- A N w Look EO 1 4 o c J o poo 8 6J ilg 75 I I d I Jul 11 - Jun 75 I Project CARRIAGE -- Worldwide HFDF Modernization Plan James B Webster o Project SYMBIOSIS Anonymous oo I on a TraD51atQrr Reflection s PROFESSIONALIZING Professionalizing in Computer Systems I I uu u ouuJun 75 PROGRAMMER Flag-Waving Programmer George John o o Dec 74 DESKPAD--A Programmer's Tool Nov 75 oo Aug 75 Oct 75 RAHASUN A Cornrn Change at Ramasun Station RAPIDTRAN RAP IDTRAN - Professionalization Letters to the Editor Bookbreakers Professionalizationof Country Specialists PuzzJe-- CRY -PTO-LOGrolling Puz de-- NSA-crostic No 1 _ RePlacemrt of the 75 Conference o Nov 74 GlIPPY j hrry Feb 75 Re-psychling theColie Clerk I I luI 75 REVIEW ii P L 86-36 Review of Guide to Russian Technical Trans lation by ArthurJ Salelllffie 11 - 1 o ' v ' Feb 75 RIGHT-TO-LEFT TEXT Right-to-Left Text Sorts Are Not Impossible Aug 74 I ' ' The Role of the Electronic Warfare Advisory Element EWAE of NSA Jun 75 I I RUSSIAN Language in the News -- Afrikaans Amerind Arabic Chinese French Hebrew Lycian Spanish Portuguese Russian Swahili o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Sep 74 Purity of the Russian Language P L SlavophilesYsWesternizers I h Nov 74 Review of Guide to Russian Technical Translation b ArthurJ Salernrne L - L - -- Blue Russ1an I o Nov 75 _____ processinglL Communicat10ns 1 S t fr AItor -i -------- 1 oo Aug 75 t M u t e o Sep 74 December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 15 P L EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 ECRET 86-36 I Lo NBbE VIA ESf lW'f EIIl N10 L 5 elNL j 86-36 DOCID 4009727 SECRET P L 86-36 SRA SYMPOSIUM SELF-PACED INSTRUCTION Self-Paced Instruction The Future sNow I Aug 74 I Calli gYlSRAS - SBA O i lI o o o Aug 74 Letters to the Editor -- SRA Symposium Oct 74 SHIPBUILDING The Great Soyiet Shipb li1dint Y tery I J o o Dec 75 The I IExercise -- A Case Study in Special Research Analysis Vera R Filby o o o Oct 74 EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 STATE DEPARTMENT The Faithful Echo - The Role of the State Department Interpreter I L o oo STINKY PINKY Puzzle -- Stinky Pinky oo Feb 75 o o o o o o o o Aug 74 A Short Directory of Career Panels ooo Aug 74 SIGINT USER'S HANDBOOK The SIGINT User's Handbook or What's an Ishtar I u' o o o Jan 75 SIGNALS PROCESSING The Mission of the Signals Processing Reguirements Panel Oet 74 I SIMP TABLES Golden Oldies -- SIMP Tables o o o o o Jun 75 SOLITS In Praise of SOL ITS Louis C Grant o o o o o Nov 75 Some Thoughts on Lexicography Stuart A Buck o o o o o o o o S p 74 SORTS Right-to-Left Text Sorts Are Nat Impossible I Aug 74 1 1 I --- -_ -- - - h The GreatlSoviet ShiPbuildin u y t r Nov 75 o Dec 75 P L __ o 0 0 86-36 P L 86-36 TACTlCAL IRONHORSr--A Tacti caLS G N y t m o Oct 75 Tactical Language Exploitation- Ii Oct 75 A Lessin Learned TECHNICAL MANUALS Guicle sJnllTIship--or HowtoWiit e Technical Manuals Without Actually Giving Anything Away I SPANISH Language in the News -- Afrikaans Amerind Arabic Chinese French Hebrew Lycian Spanish Portuguese Russian Swahili o P L TEACHING New Trend in the Teaching of t a a y 74 -------- ' ' it----- --_ --- -- TA TA Handmaiden of CA Frederic O Mason Jr o o May 75 More on Squaring the Page A rypto - TA Function Frederic Q Mason Jr Jim 75 Automation of aTK Process Tim Murphy o o o o Oct 75 SOVIET EOT 4 C SWAHILI Language in the News -- Afrikaans Amerind Arabic Chinese French Hebrew Lycian Spanish Portuguese Russian Swahili o o o o o o o o Sep 74 SYMBIOSIS o Jun 75 Project SYMBIOSIS ooo Sep 74 8 6-36 SPECIAL RESEARCH ANALYSI Thel IExercise -- A Case Study in Special Research Analysis Vera R Filby o o o o o o o o Oct 74 A Spot by Any Other Name Vera R Filby o o o o o o o o Aug 74 SQUARING THE PAGE More on Squaring the Page A Crypto - TA Function Frederic O Mason Jr o Jun 75 I Nov TELEPHONE Puzzle -- Telephone Directory o Puzzle -- Telephone Recall UNNA L - 74 o o Aug 74 Oct 74 - JI L - oo oo Jan 75 TERMINAL The Yawn of the Computer Age or When Your Terminal Is Terminal 1 I Jan 75 TEXTA The TEXTA Data Base William J Jackson oo Too Many Gr a r b l es I P L Aug 74 --- o o o o Jul 75 December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 16 SECRET IWlBbE VIA E81IHff EIb' N1 EJ 5 6J4L't 86-36 -------DOG I D I 4 00 972'7 ECKE'f VIETNAM Vietnam Articles in Dragon Seeds 1972-73--A Vietnam Odyssey TRAFFIC ANALYSIS The New Traffic Analysis Glossary o o o Aug 74 l _ ---I TRANS LATI ON Review of Guide to Russian Technical Trans 1 at l o ln l'I- b LY- A r -t h ur J Sa1emme I jP DT NI_-_- o o o Oct 75 ---JI o oo I'-- Oct 75 VOYNICH The VOYllJch Manuscript -- Third Theory DorisE Miller o o o o Feb 75 l5 ' -Ju-l P L 86-36 Aug 75 O 1 4 c '------ I -_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- J I- - - - - 1 oo L oOc8l6 -75 6 TRANSLATORS' CONFERENCE Reflections on a TranslatOrs' Conference I 86 36 Nov 74 r -WIl WJl lIDl c l l IJI ' II IWPI oW A'I w l' TRANSPOSITION Twenty Years of Transposition I I o o o o o Aug 7S I What Should You Expect or The Analysis of Cryptanalysts I Aug 74 I ULTRA A Personal Comment on Winterbotham's The ULTRA Secret Brig John H Tiltman oo o Dec 75 ULTRA Was Secret Weapon That Helped Defeat Nazis P W Filby o o o o o o Dec 75 Mum's Still the Word The ULTRA Secret I ' 1 Oec 7S UNNA UNNA A lelex Collector The Uses o f EL I N T What Are We About Fragments Figments or Wha t L _ I What is a Collector I When Censorship Backfires I I 74 Nov 7S P L 86-36 ----------- - ' ' Where Does Does COllle From Emery W Tetrault oo Jun 75 Oct 75 The Yawn of the Computer Age or Your Terminal Is Tej i a o Jan 75 Whr o Apr 75 EO 1 4 c Dec 7S Aug TheWinnah-- Kid Apostrophe o Oct 75 P L Jul 75 WEASEL WORDS Golden Oldies -- An Unofficial Glossary of Weasel Words o o o o o o o o o o o Oct 74 Aug 7S Letters to the Editor -Typewriter keyboard o o o o o o o o Oct 75 II 1 - lI L - TYPEWRJTER Typewriter Random -- A New Look I __ YELLOW PAGES Linguists -- We Need an Experts Yellow Pages I I Aug 75 86-33 6 I Letters to the Editor of Bookbreakers ' The Gulf of Tonkin Incident ooo oo Feb 75 Tactical Language ExploitationA Lesson Learned o o o o o o o o o o Oct 75 o I The Uses of ELINT Graphic Analysis of Linear Recursive Sequences o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Dec 75 I Anonymous Project SYMBIOSIS o o o o o o o o oo Jun 75 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Aug 74 Professionalization o '_ o o o e o Apr 75 -- ----- -_ ---- A-pr---7 5 - n P L 86 36 The Ro leo f th eE1ectronicWarfa teAdvisory Element EWAE 0 f NSA o o o o Jun 75 The Oldl I o I Self-Paced InstLction -- The Future Is Now o - ection I Letters to the Edit or article on ELINT December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 17 SECRIST Dec 74 EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 May 7S P L 86-36 IlMlBbE VIA ESliInl l' ElhldmELS SNbY DOCID 4009727 SECRE'f A Photoessay cDec74 Maps in Mind Stuart A Buck Some Thoughts on Lexicography o o o o o Sep 74 The New Collection Criteria What is a Collector ooo L D Callimahos Psyching the Code Clerk o o Dec 74 o o o o Aug 74 I ur- -J 1L - 1 The Danang Processing Anne Exinterne A Long Hard Look at the Intern Program -Program Philosophy Recruitment ooo Sep A Long Hard Look a the Intern Program -Selection and Orientation o o o o o o Oct A LongHardLookatthelnternPrograrn- Motivation and Morale o o o o o o o o Nov A Long Hard Look at the InternPl'Clgrarn What Happens to the Graduates o o o Dec Cen ter Apr 75 o Oct 75 IWhat Whe re l'fuY 'E 74 74 SIGINT System oo Oct 75 I L DESKPAD--A Programmer I sTool o o o o o Nov 5 Linguists -- You Have an Expert to Call Co-author Rhea Nagle o o o o o Oct 75 Derek K Craig COMINT Analysis of 11 - _ o o May 75 oo Oct7S The Mission of the Signals Processing Requirements Panel Oct 74 What Should You Expect or The Analysis of Cryptanalysts Aug Secrets of the Altars -- The Moustier Cryptograms o o o o o oo Sep An October Overlap o o o o o o o Oct Twenty Years of Transposition o o Allg The Apostrophe Some Thought's Coverterms o oo ooooooo t Typewrlter Random -- A New Look 86-36 William Gerhard One Chance in Three -- But It Worked o Oct 75 ---- --- --- Linguists from the Me I Hng Pot Dec75 Louis C Grant In Praise of SOLITS o o o o o o o o o o Nov 75 Jacob Gurin Glossaries versus Dictionaries -Which Should It Be o o o o o o o o Feb 75 74 I 74 74 7S Character Building in the People's RepllblicofChiria Co ' author I n L I OCt 74 I o EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 the Name OUt Radiotel ephone __ --0 - o ' 0 0 o o Jan 75 I pO -u- z z l e---- C Jan You Make o 86-36 Aug 75 E O Sft' 47o4 c CAMINO News o o o o o o o o o o Feb 75 Machine Intelligence -- Promise or Delusion o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o oo o o Jul 75 I CAMINO -- Electronic Warfare Terms ooo Ju175 l-- p ' u-z-z l-e------ cr-o-s-s-e-d' C 'o ldewords o P L Nov 74 o Apr 75 T o 86-36 Letters to thef ditor -- _ I article on Coverterms o o o o o o o o Jun 75 o P L 74 I ts E 2l iif i i Caterino Garofalo Gary's Colors o ------ ----- -- PMDs - 2S 86-36 P w Filby P L 86-36 ULTRA Was Secret Weapon That Helped Defeat Nazis o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Dec 75 P L Puzzle P L Vera R Filby IRONHORSE-t ical Hooray for 74 _ o o 1-- o Feb 75 I I o Jun 75 December 75 Data and Definitions -- Calling Things by Their Rightful Names o o o o o o o Nov 74 Stlll the Word The ULTRA Secret o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Dec 75 Mum 5 CRYPTOLOG Page 18 SECRET IIAIlIH E 'ilA EURS 'IN'f EURlIfdmfL ' e1l4Li EO 1 4 c J _ _ _ -' _ _ DOCID 4009727 _ _ SBCRET I Mary Roberta Irwin Are We Wasting Linguistic Time o o o o May 75 William J Jackson The TEXTA Data Base o o o o o o o An Approach to Callsign Analysis oo Linguists -- You Haye an EXPj r t to Call Co-author 1 _ Oct 75 Aug 74 o Dec 74 1972-73-- o o o o o o o o o o o Nov 74 George John Flag-Waving Programmer o o o o o o rl Co-author L Tet ing of Cryptanalysis New Trends In the I Vietnam od y 5 eyo o I The Faithful Echo - The Role of the State Department Interpreter P Slavophiles vs Westerllizers o o o o Nov 74 J ---- ---- - _1 When Censorship Backfires oo o May 75 o o o o o Nov 75 1 L R-e 'f le-c-t-l ' o-n-s-on-a T ranslators' Conference Nov 74 Feb 75 1 --- 'T_ _ J- RAPIDTRAN --I Codeword or COMINT Channels Oct 75 i'P L 86-36 P L 86-36 ooo Jan 75 The SIGINT UseI sHalldl ook o ' What t s al Ishtll r o oo Dec74 1 L Pu r i-t-y-o-f t ' 'h-e R-u-s-s ia' n Language -- oo rL r oo _ _- --I Jul 75 Language Lessons Learned--A Personal Memoir o Oct 75 L ------ -'I Charac e Building EO 1 4 c in tbe People'sp L 86-36 Republic of China C authoT IL L Oct 74 Francis T Leahy A Proposal for Calendar Reform o o o o Dec 74 - _ _ - ------ -'1 I The Yawn of the Computer Age or When Your Terminal Is TerminaL Jan 75 Golden Oldies Blue Russian 1 ------------ o o o o o Nov 75 I King Eusyb and Queen Deodi Sep 74 Golden Oldies Frederic O Mason Jr TA J Handmaiden of CA o o o o o o o May 75 More on Squaring the Page A Crypto - TA Jun 75 Function o o o o o o o o o Aug 75 Abdul and His 40 Tanks o 0 o o o o o P r-o f e-s-s l-on a'l 'l ' ' l zl ' n g I 1D Computer Sys tent s Jun75 I -__ L -_ - _ _ Basic Patterns ofl o o o o odes and Ciphers o o Feb The Language of Beisbol in Everyday Talk Co-author Ramon SantiagO-Ortiz o Aug 74 The Case for COMINT Readers o Jan 75 Too Many Garbles o o o o o o o o Jul 75 Ramon Santiago-Ortiz The Language of Beisbol in Everyday Talk Co-author 1 1 J A4g74 u m P L 86 -3 6 1----- Caning All SRAs SRA Symposium I Aug 74 1t ---------8cf- I Nov 75 75 LI EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 Letters to the Editor Intern Program Apr 75 Linguists -- We Need an Experts Yellow Pages o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Aug 75 I- -- I 1972-73--A Vietnam O d y s s e y Doris E Miller Co-author Oct7S P L 86-36 The Voynich Manuscript -- Third Theory Aug 75 1 - - - - - - - - - Marjorie Mountjoy How Clean Does a Data BaseN'eed To Be Jan 75 Cryptanalysis and Code Recovery o o o o Sep 74 I Tim Murphy Automation of a TA Process Oct 75 h 1 - - - - - - IL processingLI_ - - -- -- J ---------I EO Communications I L-e-t-t-e-r-s t-o th e 'E ditor -I Iletter on Bookbreakers Ml lY7S LeLt-t-er-s-t-o-t h e Editor -- Rebuttal Aug 7S ooooooo 4 1 o c r LAu 6ts36 Replacement of the GUPPY Library o o o o Feb 75 December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 19 P L 86-36 SECRET Ih tNBbE 'ilA ESf lIfI'I' Elh tllliEb5 SlibY DOCID 4009727 'P L SECRET 86-36 Emery W Tetrault Even a 5-yeal'- ld Child Letters to the Editor -- Intern Program Where Does Does Come From Oct Feb 74 75 Jun 75 o I UNNA rL- 1------------ The Warsaw Pact' I L I L- Guidesmanship or How to Write Technical Manuals Without Actually Giving Anything Away o o o o o Nov 74 o o o o o Jan 75 I I '0 14 I Brig John H Tiltman A Personal Comment on Winterbotham1s The ULTRA Secret o o o o o o o o o Dec 75 Review of Guide to Russian Technical Translation by Arthur J Salemme Feb 75 Jul 75 James B Webster 'EO 1 4 c Project CARRIAGE -- WorldwIde HFDF P L B 6 - 6 Modernization Plan o o o o o o o o o e p Computers Comms and Low-Grade Ciphers -_- I L J1 o o Oct 75 John B Thomas Jr A Fix for the Language Problem o o o o Aug 75 o l'L o o Nov 75 LCDR James T Westwood What Are We About Fragments Figments or What o o o o o o o o o o o o o o Dec 75 Edward S Wiley The Do Xa Pads o o o o o o o o Oct 75 I TheGreatSClyiet Shipbuilding Myst lry o Dec 75 I LetterslOlheEdifo r- Citizens of the World o ' j'II'i' Feb 75 o May 75 I -O ' 'r-a Il ' 'R e-p-o--r t l 1n-g- - A New I Right-to-Left Text Sorts Are Not Impossible Challenge for NSA Apr 75 o o o o o o o o 0 o o o o o o o o o o o Aug 74 If your name is not incZuded in the list of authors' names and you have an idea for an artiaZe about a subjeat that hasn't been dealt UJith yet in CRYPTOLOG U R -u Write that artiaZe now and send it to Editor CRYPTOLOG Pl December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 20 SBCRET IWI8bE 'l'IA ESMm'f EIIANlIEh5 SNhY P L 86-36 _--L -- -_ ----L- __ o DOCID 4009727 -------Z- I P L 'fOP SBCRB'f 86-36 U fBRA THE GREAT SOVIET SHIPBUILDING MYSTEJT4 I Ii P16 December 75' CRYPTOLOG Page 21 'FOP SECRB'f Ul IBRA I ---- P L c 86-36 DOCID 4009727 TOP SECRE'f UMBRA Remember that in the Soviet Union too engineers don't do things the way anybody e se does l t i i i P l t r Ir i l' ' i iii I ' IIi' ii iff WE Ii 1 I I iffi WI II Editor's note Russian phonetic alphabets like English ones reduce ambiguity BORIS sounds different from VLADIMIR just as Mary sounds different from Nancy Since 'phonetic alphabets are not used universally transcribers of Russian voice often have as much trouble distinguishing between BEh the name of the letter and HVEh as we I lrdinary telephone users have in distinguishing between Engli$h em and en But the transcriber of Russian voice has yet another problem those Russian engineers agai l The n -mes of Latin letters as spoken in Russian don't sou d like ay bee see at all Instead they are based on the French names of the letters Hence Latin H as pronounced by a Russian engineer is not like the English aitch but is ASh French ache Y is not wye but IGREK French y grec December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 22 TOP SECRE'F UMBRA 1 i I i EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 DOClD L 4-009727 86-36 SHCR 'f IUIIII collection and dissemination of defense intelligence or any other kind of intelligence does not have to be especially complicated so long as certain fundamental principles and goals are kept in mind Defense intelligence in which NSA CSS and the Service Cryptologic Services are heavily involved should seek to answer certain elemental questions inpeacetime wartime or several other somewhat nebulous times between peace and war These questions include of timeliness uniqueness and fidelity that is the faithful reflection of the enemy's intentions and activities Intelligence in whatever form and from whatever source is a service provided to decisionmakers Decision-makers are civilian and military officials with distinct responsibility and personal accountability for solving problems that affect the public welfare To make effective deployment of the people and property constituting their responsibility the decisionmakers need certain information much of which we have come to call intelligenoe But this intelligence is not an end in itself It does not exist to promote and serve itself It oxists to give decision-makers the best it can provide in the way of current accurate reliable information to answer the vital questions they have to answer Additionally and by its very nature intellig nce must be anonymous and quiet A secret is best kept by not revealing it Mr Colby was recently quoted as saying Intelligence will not work if exposed There is no small amount of confusion and resultant ineffectiveness at large in the intelligence business today because of the tendency of intelligence producers to provide intelligence users with too much too fast too often -that is because of the shotgun approach This tendency results from our attempt to cover ourselves against the possibility that we might fail to tell somebody something that he really needs to know Morever because we colleot a lot of intelligence we feel compelled to prooess a lot That leads to wanting to report a lot and in turn to inundating the user with so much intelligence that he cannot give certain portions of it the necessary attention This gives rise to certain attendant problems This tendency to broadfire intelligence then eads to the tendency for intelligence producers to dictate however subtly or indirectly how much of what kind of intelligence the users shall receive and moreover in what format and at o Do we have an enemy adversary If we do who is he and why is he an opponent o Where is he and in what strength o What are his intentions o What are his perceptions of himself his own purposes and goals o Are his intentions oonsistent with his strength capability If not might he be practicing deception Within defense intelligence the business of signals intelligence is to read the enemy's mail This assumes that there is a bona fide enemy Given the U S national interests reading the enemy's mail requires a massive effort For one thing it takes a vast amount of mail to yield real nuggets of value on a continuing basis It follows that if the processing and reporting effort ever catches up with the collection effort we would be in real trouble because we would certainly have the cart before the horse There is however a sometimes overlooked proviso in this relationship Any major SIGINT effort whose thrust is not in line with reading the enemy's mail in an admittedly broad sense is probably superfluous and ought to be redirected or abolished because resources are limited and we must therefore keep expenditures of those resources tied to our fundamental purposes Of course reading the mail is a figurative phrase It does not mean just CA and TA It means all that we do with men and machines that allows SIGINT to work its effectiveness in terms December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 23 SJ3CRBT IbtrNBLE iIA eO 'lII T eltltl l a O Li DOCID 4009727 SECRH'f what rate they shall receive it These tendencies are especially visible in terms of SIGINT support to military commanders The result in this instance is that we make military commanders passive recipients of intelligence An active role with commanders saying This is what I want to know and this is how much I want is precluded by a deluge of This is what we want you to have If this is drawn out to its ultimate conclusion the presumed goal of increased accessibility to intelligence product by decision-makers at all levels is unattainable Those who pay close attention to dissemination might disclaim the existence of these tendencies They might attempt to explain the present situation by splitting intelligence into tactical and strategic But the difference between tactical and strategic to my mind lies not so much in the nature and content of the intelligence itself as in the level or scope of the decision-making that the intelligence is supposed to serve For example was it tactical or was it strategic intelligence which foretold the Chinese crossing of the Yalu River into Korea Obviously it was both it was tactically useful intelligence to the field commanders in Korea and it was also strategically useful intelligence to the President and his Cabinet We do our SIGINT profession an immense disservice when we fragment our efforts and our product into pieces and parts in an attempt to serve two or more users for example the tactical commander and the national decision-maker Perhaps we should devote some time away from the production process in order to get from all our users a clearer idea of what they would consider to be useful Intelligence production today is much more efficient than ever before given our increasing reliance on automatic data processing Whether it is also effective is another question Effectiveness is the accomplishment of objectives -- the satisfaction of requirements Machines are not a substitute for human judgment Decision-makers want to know that human judgment has been brought to bear to weigh the significance of the intelligence that is being machine-processed so efficiently for them Tactically the fundamental questions have not changed since Moses sent spies into the Land of Canaan Where is the enemy and in what strength Strategically basic questions persist What are our interests and what and how much do we need to know about threats to those interests What are we about then We are about the business of providing intelligence service to decision-makers We ourselves are not those decision-makers and we must resist the tendency to confuse roles It is not in the nature of our business to decide what is strategic and what is tactical We have skills and facilities that can respond to intelligence needs at various levels often simultaneously but not by saturation SIGINT is part of a larger intelligence business which itself requires us intelligence producers to integrate our efforts and to tailor our production and dissemination to answer the fundamental but related questions posed by a variety of users Those users can best be served from the same single set of resources if we all appreciate what we are about - - -- - - - - - -- ---------------------- - - - - - - - - - ------ ---- ----- -- - - - - - ----- - - - - -- - ----- - - - - - --- - - - ------_ _---- --------_ - - - - - - - -- - - - - - --- -- NSA COMPUTER SYSTEMS INTERN PROGRAM The Intern Panel Advisory Board CIPAB has established a new monthly publication the Computer Systems IntePn Newsletter in order to provide lines of communication both to and from the Interns themselves and to better inform and advise those associated with the Computer Systems Intern Program The publication is classified FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY and began with the September 1975 issue Anyone who would like to receive back issues or to be put on the distribution list should contact the Editor 1 IRZ l4 3460S or 3469s P L December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 24 SBCR T FSHS J 86-36 II11 NBLE 'IIA eSMIN'f EURIIMUIHS SUbY DOCID 4009727 UNCLASSIFIED LINGUISTS FROM THE MELTING POT By 11 -- P L 86-36 P L 86-36 ----1 For several years NSAers who grade language hiring examinations have noted that people's names do not always match up with their expected language ability an applicant named say Yamashita can score horrendously on the Japanese hiring examination and someone named Olivetti can do just as badly on the Italian But it is often difficult to convince managers commissioned to solve the language problem that the solution to say the Russian language problem is not just a matter of running out and hiring 100 American citizens with names like Ivanov and Fedorenko The following article by two chapters dealing with this subject as it concerns Italian-Americans Since the general situation presented may be considered typical of many immigrant groups I have gisted them briefly below Italians who visit the United States and come in contact with others who have settled here for one or two generations are amazed pUZZled and sometimes horrified at the language they hear used by those who like them call themselves Italians It is the same impression as that received by visitors journalists and consular employees who came here in decades past What they heard was I I NSAm retireey mwhich mis not ItaUart it wasn6fdlll 1eCf nor was it even English still it was at the same ti e reprinted from Keyword November 1971 a little Italian a little dialect and this deals with some of the reasons why Americans with foreign surnames often show a varied from place to place and sometimes from surprising lack of knowledge about the person to person but it regularly revealed language they supposedly picked up at an English-language base pronounced in the their mother's or grandmother's knee Italian fashion that is to sayan English root with the round vowel endings of ItalIt is a common belief that since a large ian For example there was part of the United States population is made up of immigrants and the children of'immigrants there contrattore contractor is a ready source of foreign-language talent for la tracca track any emergency To a degree this is true but la grosseria grocery the source has many limitations Any language il bordante boarder must undergo changes if its speakers are moved Their amazement increased when they found to a strange environment and the speech of the this jargon written often only approximately immigrants to the United States is no exception in restaurant menus the classified ads of ItalIf you examine the Help Wanted section of ian-American newspapers and even in official the German-American press for example you documents of American authorities who wanted to will find a large number of English words used be understood by Italian immigrants American to designate skills or crafts At first there Italian was a deformation of English rather seems to be no pattern in the choice of German than an adaptation of Italian It was the reor English words but the existence of Backersult of the effort made by a mass of poor and geselle journeyman baker in one advertisement ignorant country people dependent upon employnot far from another that seeks an erstklassigen ers who spoke a foreign language to make thembody-and-fend r-Mann first-class body and selves understood by the latter and by their fender man suggests that the borrowings are own fellow workers in response to a world of labor in which there Anthony Turano an American writer of is a greater or perhaps only different specialization For the unfamiliar specialty the Italian origin observed very correctly that the rural origin of most immigrants made a immigrant has a choice of coining a new word mechanical vocabulary difficult for them To in his own language or simply of borrowing directly from the other language There are express their needs the southern Italian peasstill other means of meeting the problem ants were compelled to use English terms since they had never known the Italian equivaThe book I Trapiantati The Transplanted lents But in adopting the English terms they written by Giuseppe py ezzolini an Italian transformed them as best they could by making foreign correspondent in New York and published them phonetically similar to Italian Turano by Longanesi Co Milano 1963 contains distinguished three categories of borrowings December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 2S UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASS I FI ED o words remote from the immigrant's former life sexa sescia railroad section ranch rancio rodomastro roadmaster o words for things unknown to him before he came to America fensa fence mOr'gheggio mortgage o words that stuck in the immigrant's mind by dint of constant repetition even though he knew the corresponding Italian words stritto street denso dance car carro There is also a well-known linguistic phenomenon by which a people when it accepts a foreign word finds one in its own language which is similar to it and which it adapts to the new use even though it may have a completely different meaning For example sciabola saber shovel 1 olivetta kind of sausage elevator elevated tonno tuna fish tunnel late the jargon of the Italian-American working man In the BolLetino della Sera in 1917 advertisements are found for sceperi shapers of garments pressator'i pressers sottopressatori pressers' helpers There were also to be seen advertisements for a mezzo-barista a man to work half a day in a bar In these pages a country place was always a farma farm Heating was done with stima steam but meaning in Italian esteem and a frequent advertisement was for sale of a casa senza stima -- a house without heat or without esteem depending on how well you understood American English This occurs less and less frequently Such expressions have almost disappeared from the classified advertisements of Il Progresso Italo-Americano not because the older generation doesn't still use them but because that generation no longer has to work The new generation of Italians who are looking for work know Italian pretty well and do not need the job opportunities translated into jargon Nobody is trying to buy a fruttistenne fruit stand any more -- Prezzolini feels that the whole of this inter lingua will probably have ceased to exist At times the marriage of English and Italian within a few qenerations since the more recent invol ves a dialect as in the case of coppastese irrmigr'ants much fewer in nwnber arrive under Neapolitan 'ncuop English stairs upstair'S quite different ciraumstances In Italy they or coppetane 'ncuop English town uptown have learned the logical bases of the Italian The Sicilians however do not use this expreslanguage i t must be remembered that a large sion but instead say oppitauni part of the older irrmigration was illiterate In making a list of words in the American and here as Boon as they go to school -- even Italian jargon it is easy to see that the the adults -- they learn English and are quotproportion of adjectives to nouns is very ing Prezzolini the first to be horrified at small -- much smaller than in either Italian or the crude linguistic mixture of their' pr'edecesEnglish e immigrant had to be able to exsors Undoubtedly the language he describes press pezze dollars or bosso boss but will vanish since it was based on the southern not necessarily pretty or good or true or dialects of Italian and was the hasty creation false Orre Hurray an expression from of peasants abruptly thrust into an Ur'ban the American-Italian variety shows barely reworld The newer immigrants more frequently veals a feeling of admiration and naise nice speak standard Italian and ar'e literate often a favorable opinion cultured people So long as their Italian is a tool used in a foreign society though it must At first newspapers in the Italian language adapt and it will evolve into an American adhered fairly closely to standard Italian but Italian much different from the parent language after about 1900 the flood of classified adverWith some exceptions the irrmigr'ants of any tisements made it impossible to conceal or t ransnationality are much more aoncerned with earn1 ing a living raising a family buying a car' Another observer mentioned his amazement or any of a host of other things than they are at being told by an immigrant countryman that in preserving the purity of their native Zanthere was plenty of work in the United States guages Their children will necessarily speak for a man who knew how to use picca e sciabola a truncated language adequate for the needs of which in Italian means pike and saber but in the family or neighborhood but shot through American Italian pick and shovel R E G with lJX rds bOr'rowed or transformed from English The value of the family-trained linguist to 2pezze may be used because of Spanish peso The word was commonly used in Nevada in a rudi- SIGINT should not be underestimated because of mentary Spanish-Italian jargon used by immithese limitations but at the same time it grant laborers of both nationalities when work- should be recognized that this sOUr'ce produces ing together Scudi and dollari were used by only raw material that must be trained and other Italian speakers as I recall R E G developed December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 26 UNCLASSIFIED ou-cro 4009727 CONFIDEN'fIAL I CLA ESSAY CONTEST The tenth annual essay oontest of the CryptoLinguistio Assooiation is now open Papers wiU be acoepted until 19 March 1976 A panel of three judges will select the three best which will be awarded prizes of $100 $50 and $25 at the CLA I S spring meeting Every entry wi l l be oonsidered for publioation in whichever of the Agenoy publications is most appropriate for its oontent and style The purpose of the contest is to enoourage writing on topics conoerning application of linguistic knowledge to the solution of Agenoyrelated problems Any writing on cryptology or a signifioantly related topic may be entered Papers may be classified up to TOP SECRET CODE- WORD Any NSA or SCA employee CLA member or nonmember and any nonempl oyee CLA member may enter the contest Three copies of the manusoript preferahl y typed together with any necessary graphics shoul d be submitted to the CLA Secretary I Room B5B21 Tel P L 86-36 P L 86-36 8560s UNCLASSIFIED CAA-VVhat's that That is the Communications Analysis Association one of the Agency's Learned Organizations The CM was established in 1968 to promote increased professionalism in the career fields of Traffic Analysis and SIGINT Research by encouraging professional contact among its members and specialists in related fields by conducting workshops and lectures by encouraging the writing of technical papers to document the disciplines and by recognizing those who advance the art and science of traffic analysis and SIGINT research Membership in the CM was originally restricted to professionals and aspirants in TA and SR in the U S Cryptologic family and collaborating agencies but it was later opened to those in the related fields of Signals Collection Signals Analysis Cryptanalysis etc At one time the Association published the technical magazine COMMAND now incorporated into CRYFTOLOG So far this 1975-1976 lecture year the CM has sponsored the follOWing lectures o GUARDRAIL CoL Norman Campbell o Changing Emphasis in the USAFSS Maj Gen H P Smith and o SIGINT in Vietnam Lessons Unlearned I I All three lectures drew standing-room-only audiences of members and nonmembers to the Friedman Auditorium The Association under its President Frank Smead is outlining a program of lectures and other activities for 1976 which will be in keeping with the organization's stated objectives Anyone interested in joining the CM should call its Treasurer Tim Murphy on 4787s or its Secretary Jane Dunn on 8025s for more information EURQNFI BENHAh December 75 CRYPTOLOG Page 27 CONPIBEN'f'IAL Deci PhNov 75-53-24264 I tujt a 90 _g UNCLASSIFIED r I b '73 '45 Send ng a No 55 450 '5 e255 wees from the Publisher and Board of Editors of to all our readers and a special word of thanks to those who shared their knowledge with their coworkers in this year 3 issues initials of contributors of 1975 articles letters to the editor etc are on the tree ornaments December 75 Page 28 UNCLASSIFIED Iv' mm This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu