86-36 lIlUlUVl llIlUllb 13lBl l VU Ul 131I1lB lrfil V 3fil 3 00 3Ulfil I f OOUl I1 Glfil 1 oooo 3 4 5 HUMAN FACTORS AND SYSTEMS DESIGN 0 0 0 0 0001 OLD RUSSIAN MANUSCRIPT CIPHERS SIGINT WELCOMES INKSTAND AG-22 IATS A VIEW FROM THE BRIDGE VICH ISS R-R-RIGHT LETTERS TO THE EDITOR CLA ANNOUNCEMENT ANNUAL BANQUET 'fIllS B8etJMRN'f' e8N'fAINS e8BRW8RB MA'fBIAt -TOP-fteRIT- 1 ' P L 8 6- 3 6 A J S 17 ' 18 21 6' de 1t18I11NSlt ene88 N8 t e88M 2 II If_ 888 18 IIIH e ' IlecI n1e u NeU It III NJk ' eclassified and Approved for Release by NSA on '10-'1 '1- 20'1 2 pursuant to E O '135 26 vl DR Case # 54778 gOCID-i -40097 97 OP seCRET Published Monthly by PI Techniques and Standards for the Personnel of Operations VOL IV No 6 JUNE 1977 PUBLISHER WILLIAM LUTWINIAK BOARD OF EDITORS Editor in Chief o o oooo o Arthur J Salemme 56425 Collection oo o 1 Cryptanalysis o o o If895SS 1 ' f49025 Language o ooo Emery W Tetrault 52 6s 1'' '3'3'2 S Machine Support o oo 1 Mathematics o oo Reed Dawson 39575 Special Research Vera R Filby 71195 Traffic Analysls oo Frederic O Mason Jr 41425 Production Manager Harry Goff 49985 For individual subscriptions send name and organizational designator to CRYPTOLOG PI TOP SilCRfi P L 86-36 UNCLASSIFIED HUMAN FACTORS AND SYSTEMS DESIGN AN ESTRANGE D RELATIONSHIP'1 he process of designing computer systems __ particularly on-line interact ve d splay 0 systems -- in today's environment presents challengesthat summon the very best from a variety of professional disciplines T os who ha e survived the experience of spec fy ng des gn- ing and implementing such systems will no doubt agree that the most difficult task c n be that of analyzing and providing useful v able solutions to problems of the man-machine i erface In a total syst ems context man-machine interfaces are rarely simple Environmental factors -- such as visual problems caused 'by glare or distracting reflections awkward positioning of keyboards and control devices uncomfortable consoles with sharp edges lack of storage or writing space exhaust fans blowing 'hot air on the operator and causing normal eyes to dry out and eyes with contact lenses to become seriously irritated etc -- present a set of problems in themselves Generally speaking the man part of the system in terms of physical dimensions visual and auditory sensory systems sensitivity to heat cold noise vibration and other environmental factors have been well documented Knowledge of these is fundamental to systems design and should be part of the skills the professional has acquired through formal courses' or independent study There is simply no excuse for overlooking human physiological characteristics or basic needs and comforts when hardware is being designed But unfortunately these are indeed ignored P L 86-36 CluLUuna n CISI SpeciaZ Interest Group on Human Factors with alarming regularity and by the time the end-user discovers what has been done to him it is usually too late to change Talk to field station personnel sometime They could write a book on equipment horror stories The man-machine design task is compounded by another set of problems brought on by the com'plexities of having a human bejng function as a major working component of the s stem The human component while intelligent adaptive clever and resourceful is also characterized by serious processing limitations individual differences and unpredictable -- sometimes illogical -- behavior The seemingly infinite number of problems introduced by the hUman element call for special knowledge and skills Systems analysts designers must look to the humanfactors profession and related field psycholo- gy for example for guidance Spec f callY it may be desirable to seek d rect ass stance from human-factors' specialists Since such specialists are not readily available especially at NSA an alternative is to research humanfactor literature The latter alternative is difficul t and should be approached with caution respect and a dash of wisdom Over the past several years I have probed the journals an technical papers issued by human-fac ors soc e- ties searching for answers to a var ety of ques ions The sobering fact is hat s ch searches have typically yielded l ttle nforma- tion that could be applied to the real world June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 1 UNCLASSIFIED DOCIO 4009797 UNCLASSIFIED Most laboratory experiments conducted by psychologists even those boasting of being applied psychologists have very limited relevance to practical problems Lab experiments can select only a few independent variables and unsuspected interactions in mare complex real-life conditions may nUllify or reverse conclusions reached in the lab Only with extreme caution can one generalize from the results of such experiments This is not to say that experiments cannot be of value Some very significant work has begun in recent years in the computer industry the military services and in major universities in the United States and Europe Basic studies in the areas of the effects of computer response times on users d'isplay formats the effectiveness of control devices light pens joy sticks etc and techniques for imbedding training subsystems into basic software packages are a few examples All show promise of helping systems designers Sparse as it may be however the information that is available contributes to a designer's general store of knowledge brought to bear on real-world problems Beyond this designers are pretty much on their own At this juncture it seems to me that the most reasonable course of action for the designer is to get down to the basics -- simple accurate statements of problems in plain English and commonsense solutions This means long chats with the end-user of the system to find out what he reaLLy needs to do his job It also means reviews formal and informal at many points in the system-development process with strong user participation From the very beginning the user must become actively involved if there is any hope of influencing the system that will show up at the door some day Systems designers being finite creatures can go only so far in interpreting what the user really needs and how the analyst's mental processes might function in the heat of problem-solving o oooo o oooo I ' o o ooo e ooo oooo o ooo oooo 'Cheap CRT displays usually mean cheap character fonts By saving a few bucks you may be buying high error rates and lowering productivity On the low end of the CRT display scale are those EI-Cheapo display terminals that draw characters with a 5 x 7 dot matrix There is h t f that matrix' Justh so mhuc you ctan squelez e ou thr 0 ugh 9 and A t roug Z cap1 a l s on y zero a few awkwardly shaped special characters The whole scene is rather barbaric Nevertheless if your budget is low and your application limited you may just end up with those kinds of CRTs in front of your analysts or whoever Faced withthe 5 x 7 option at least you should be aware of which character sets Much can be done to provide highly responsive generalized system capabilities that will satisfy most of the users most of the time But where in the system is the point reached where specialized capabilities tailored to critical or freqqently executed processes are necessary or justified What are the most meaningful ways to organize and present data to the analyst Are traditional manual ways of working the best ways in an interactive computer environment or is a whole new concept needed How fast must the system respond to user requests for information What is the response threshold beyond which user productivity is significantly reduced or problem-solving abilities are rendered ineffective because human short-term memory is disrupted Many such hard questions must be asked and alternatives must be probed Systems people and users must rigorously analyze specific tasks information needs and work scenarios to identify and specify needed capabilities It all takes time and a lot of hard work There is no short cut If it is done right the dividends are hi h If there is any conclusion to be drawn from these mental meanderings on the very diverse subject of human factors I believe it is that overall there exists a serious gap between designers and end-users and human factors are considered either too little or too late Closing the gap is a two-way process Users and designers must both take active positive steps toward understanding each other's roles in systems development and work closely toward a common objective The objective should be to deliver useful productive information-handling tools that take maximum advantage of what computers do best and what people do best and that bring people and data together with the least resistance and highest productivity UNCLASSIFIED offered by manufacturers are acceptable from a human engineering standpoint Human factors studies have shown three fonts to be superior These are Maximum Dot Maximum Angle and Lincoln Mitre Even the best of these Maximum Dot has a high percentage of confusion 25% between certain characters M Q S U V 0 1 2 7 and 8 If your application cannot tolerate this degradation you should consider a better display terminal with a 7 x 9 dot matrix or even stroke- enerated character sets IIf you'd like to borrow the referenced studies call me on 3758s' U I l1 ------- I' - t ' o oooo ooo o o t I o o o e e o o o o t o o ooooooo o oooooo o mmmm June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 2 UNCLASSIFIED UJ o 41 U U ooo P L 86-36 DOCID 4009797 P L UNCLASSIFIED 86-36 1 the CLA announeement on page 06 the May ue 06 CRVPTOLOG you pJWbably 6 gUlled out the way tha t do tA and unu equa te to nwnbeJL6 in the Maya wJzJ ting Y-6tem -- 12 ltepJr uemed btJ two u u having a value 06 5 eaeh plM two dou The 60liowi g Mtiele due tibu how a -6-Un ilaJr Y-6tem 06 dou and unu I M Med in anuem RM-6ia to Jr epJr uem not only nwnbeJL6 but a t-6 a -6 ome tiung We Ed Translator's note The following is a translation of an article by V N Perets Litoreya in the prerevolutionary Russian Ehntsiklopediaheskij slovar' Encyclopedic Dictionary by Brockhaus and Efron St Petersburg 1896 Vol XVIIa pp 834-835 A current dictionary defines litoreya as one of the oldest forms of secret writing which is based on substituting letters of the alphabet for each other 11_ _ '-'''_''_''-' _ _n __ '' - J'''_'_''_ _ ''''''O_O_D_'_'_'' LlTOREYA from Latin littera secret writing system type of enciphered writing used in ancient Russian manuscript literature Two types of litoreya are known simple prostaya and complex mudraya The simple type also called gibberish language lies in the following The consonants in the Russian alphabetic order are arranged in two rows boustrophedonically 6 B r Z 3 K M H m ill q X T C P n The values 20 through 90 were designated by horizontal lines R II 11 H n 0 And the values 100 through 900 were designated by circles p C T Y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 0 0 0 0 0 0 ' w 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 The following letters were not used to designate numbers 6 E 'D b lll IO fl They remained in place unchanged Thus the word C I10Bapb written in complex litoreya would look like thi s When writing the message the letters in the upper row are replaced by the lower ones and vice versa the vowels remain unchanged For example coillapb sic c oBapb etc o o 0 b Less well known and less frequently used because of its complexity is the complex type the key to which lies in the following the By using this type of secret writing a letters in the Churah Slavic alphabet which have person could either create a riddle for his numerical value were designated by dots lines reader or express his opinion in a manner and circles The values 1 through 10 were that protected him from persecution for example designated by dots in a certain ancient Russian manuscript we read the following which was written in the complex PI i a B 3 r e type of litoreya Andrej at the Romanov monastery is a knave and I know that he's a knave all you priests are thieves See Vostokov Opis rukop muzeuma 1842 and also his Filologicheskiya nablyudeniya 1865 s e June 77 CRYPTOLOG UNCLASSIFIED Page 3 P L 86-36 DOCID 4009797 P L SIB NT WELCOMES E12 1rhe intelligence community has come a long way since the days of six-ply paper MC-88 mills headsets and grease pencils in meeting its intelligence objectives Automated systems now command the field in the collection processing displaying reporting storing and management of SIGINT Systems have been developed that are_capable of identifying and exploitinQ Each system was developed to contribute to the advance warning of the hostile military threat to the United States We have seen these project systems developed named l'edeveloped l'enamed and then we have seen them meet expectations or having failed to meet them be phased out Yet through all this many of us who have had personal contact with these systems have come to cherish them as an exciting experience to be remembered There is another automated system in the works which may cause many an old S WC analyst or reporter to wish it had come along sooner This new system is known as Proiect INKSTAND ISee I I IRONHORSE A Tactical SIGINT System CRYPTOLOG October 1975 0 _ 0 _ 0 _ 0 _ 0 _ 0 _ 0 0 _ 0 _ 0 _ 0 _ 0 June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 4 P L 86-36 SI3CRI3'f SPOKE EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 86-36 DOCID 4009797 SI3CREtF SPOKE AG22 IAlS oo -- _ oo _ oo e __ A VIEW FROM THE BRIDGE P L ----- IG5ADP L - -_ _ -- - - -- - ' -- ---- -- ------ '- __ J The April issue of CRYPTOLOG contained a brief article by Cecil Phillips entitled Th Last Word on IATS As the folZOUJing article attests I guess it wasn't Ed June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 5 EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 __ - -- _-_ _-_ --- 86-36 A ng 5130 1 4 wc m 9-7- L 86 36 June 77 Page 6 WEEK-E DOCID 4009797 L 4 SEEURRE'f SPOKE l 1 i 1 t 1 i I l I June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 7 SBEURRBT SPOK c 86-36 1 4 puiL 86 36 June 77 Page 8 EEO f L 86 36 130cm 40097 97 June 77 Page 9 DOCID 4009797 CR T June 77 SPOKE CRYPTOLOG Page 10 SECRET SPOKE EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 DOCID 4009797 ECIU T SPOKE 1 '1 June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 11 SBCRB'F SPOKB EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 tQ cL LlcL DOCID F L 86-36 4009797 ECRET SPOKE June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page SECRE'f SPOKE 12 1 4 c - DOCID 4009797 86-36 J f r o June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 13 SECRET SPOKE - --- DOCID 4009797 SECRE SPOKE June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 14 CRET SPOKE EO 1 4 c P L 86-36 DOCID 4009797 86 36 June 77 Page 15 - -OUel D --4009797 EG---l c P L 86-36 SECRE'f SPORE _ _- - _ - - _ _10__ _ _ _ _0- - -' _ 1- Bibliography in chronological order GAPS Documentation July 1974 More Timely AG-22 IATS ADP Support AG-22 IATS Processing Study Group 8 October 1975 Cecil Phillips Musings About the AG-22 IATS C-LINERS C Group Machine Processing Information Bulletin Vol 3 No 7 August September October 1975 Reprinted in CRYPTOLOG March 1976 P L 86-36 J What's Wrong wi tr AG- 2 21 IATS C-LINERS Vol 3 No 8 Winter 1975 Reprinted in CRYPTOLOG May 1976 Comments as Requested More OIl the AG -22 IATS CRYPTOLOG June-July 1976 Individual comments by 1-_ _ And Still More Comments On the AG-22 IATS Question C-LINERS Vol 3 No 9 Spring 1976 Reprinted in CRYPTOLOG September 1976 _ 'Another Word on AG-22 CRYPTOLOG October 1976 Cecil Phillips The Last Word on IATS CRYPTOLOG April 1977 _ 0_ _'_0_ _ _ _ 0_ __ - 0 o _ 0__ _' RemembeJt the old joke about the kid'6 book epo -- TIUi book told me mMe about pe nguiYl-6 than I c Me o know I Not me I'm go- ng to pull the whole Mt-iue out 06 the l middle 06 the magaune ' ' June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 16 SECRET SPOI E OOCIO 4009797 UNCLASSIFIED everal - J a o years a friend and I were chitchatting when another person whom he knew joined the group After introductions the three of us carried on some more light banter during which I noted a quizzical expression on the new person's face several times The next day my friend told me that after I left his friend had said You know for a linguist that Mr Salemme really uses atrocious grammar Like what Well he kept saying 'Don't that beat all ' and 'Ain I t that the truth I Well lately I've been noticing the same expression on people's faces when I used the word kilometer and I've decided that it's not quizzical but pitying People used to come right out and say The correct pronunciation of the word is kilometer We'd fight about it from various angles with me contributing wisdom and reasonableness and my opponent contributing non sequiturs like But it's kilometro in Spanish Then we'd retire to neutral corners and each feel good about being right But now people just put that pitying look on their faces and don't want to talk about it So since I can't defend myself face to face I'd like to use this means of putting into written form Congressional Record please copy my views on the kilometer vs kilometer controversy If language were logical If language were logical I'd use the following argument I'd break the word kilometer into two components I'd say that in every word with the combining form kilo- meaning thousand units in the metric system the main stress is always on the first syllable with a secondary stress on the second component of the word These words include kiloparsec kiloampere kilogauss kiloton kilobar kilogram kilovar kilobuck kilohertz kilocalorie kilojoule kilovolt kilowatt kilocycle kiloliter I Then I'd say that the English words ending in -meter fall into three separate and distinct categories according to meaning They are o units of poetic meter number of metrical feet per line of poetry o measurement devices devices to measure length height width pressure etc o units of measurement in the metric system I'd dispose of the first category cavalierly by saying that everybody knows that in such words the stress always falls on the syllable in front of the -meter For example anapestic dimeter trochaic trimeter dactylic hexameter I might even mention in passing that I'm still looking for a person who must exist -- a person named Bickford Pentameter When he is finally pointed out to me I'm going to go right up to him and say You look just like Bick Pentameter and wait for him to reply I am Bick Pentameter Then swinging back to the main argument I'd say that words ending in -meter and designating devices also have the stress in front of the -meter I'd give examples like barometer thermometer speedometer sphygomomanometer altimeter voltmeter alcoholometer alcoholimeter also alcoholmeter Then I'd say Plus innumerable other ones meaning that I couldn't think of any more I might to be intellectually honest mention as a sort of exception drunkometer drunkometer but I'd weasel out of that by asking my opponent to just imagine a sheriff in a speedtrap town saying Wal we'll j es' see what our 1i '1 ole drunkometer says about that Nope it just don't sound right Finally getting closer to the end of my oh-so-logical argument I'd say But words designating units of measurement in the metric system have a primary stress on the first component and a secondary stress on the -meter Like centimeter millimeter decimeter micrometer And when I got to micrometer I' say Gotchal June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 17 UNCLASSIFIED DOCIO 4009797 Because as a unit_ one millionth part micrometer but as tolerances it's a CO FIBE TlAl of measurement equal to of a meter it's pronounced a gadget for measuring small different word micrometer With my opponent hanging on the ropes I'd use the ultimate weapon -- sarcasm I'd say You don't realZy mean to tell me that you're using that laissez-faire Webster's Third as an authority do you Wi th its kilometer-shmilometer attitude toward pronunciation Just look at the Webster's Second three cheers for the Puritan ethic where the pronunciation of kilometer is shown as 'kilometer sometimes kiZometer by false analogy with barometer etc ' How in the name of Holy Hannah could a person with your astuteness make a snicker snicker 'false analogy' between a unit of measurement and a device for measurement I would then ladies and gentlemen of the jury sum up the argument by saying The only sensible pr uncraflon is kiZomete But Zanguage isn't ZogicaZ But language isn't logical so I think I'd say So what if every word beginning in 'kilo-' is stressed on the first syllable __ couldn't kiZometer be an exception Sure it could Who says that 1ife doesn't have exceptions Couldn't a certain country have 37 varieties of snakes only one of which is poisonous Could a person have four brothers only one of whom has red hair So why couldn't kilometer be an exception __ the only word with kilo- accented on the o Sure it could And so if you think it sounds nicer more correct more European or just plain like the sound of it because there's a word kilometro in Spanish go right ahead and pronounce i t ki ometer I really don't mind Say it Kilometer kilometer kilometer -- see I'm not fl inching But although I say it's okay for you to say it your way please don't try to make me say it your way too Back to the neutraZ corners I know it's going to be hard for you to accept my sanctimonious understanding of your aberration cf Games People Play so why don't we declare a moratorium on the word Why don't we use a word that every American ever stationed in Germany uses a word that probably has already like the expression No sweat entered the German language too ' It's the word click No American in Germany says it's 60 kilometers to Stuttgart It's always 60 clicks or 60 K's Instead of saying kilometers and looking at me funny when I say kiZometers why don't you just use the word click Think how good you'll feel using a word correctly even before it's listed in the dictionary And how stunned you'll be years from now when you read in Webster's Fourth Click also by false analogy with kilometer klick 'L ETTERS To the Editor CRYPTOLOG In your March 1977 issue you published a letter by Dan Buckley which demonstrated several common misconceptions concerning linguists working at NSA and one misconception in particular -- that linguists simply turn foreign sounds or words into English sounds or words Mr Buckley feels that a single-language linguist hardly deserves to be promoted into the s'upergrades for performing such a simple task He conveniently places all highly skilled single-language lingui sts into one group and assumes that they all do the same job He labels them desk linguists which reinforces the idea that they are something less than a real linguist I cannot speak for all the linguists in the Agency but I do know that the linguists in A64 should be highly insulted by Mr Buckley's ignorance concerning the work that the desk linguist does for the Agency We in A64 are charged with the daily task of as Mr Buckley so generously puts it turning foreign sounds or words into English sounds or P L 86-36 ords a skill so simple that we are going to be replaced by high-school graduates at grade level 2 in Mr Buckley's opinion This seemS quite silly considering that most individuals in A64 have at least the equivalent of 4 or more years of formal language education This often includes a general literary knowledge as well as a special technical knowledge in a particular language But even this is not enough t step into a desk linguist's job in A64 Sometimes it takes as much as 2 years' experience before a desk linguist is doing a halfway cqiRpetent job of turning foreign sounds or wo rds into English sounds or words Mr Buckley wrott jS letter to criticize an article written by tand published in the December 1976 CRYPTOLOG which advocates promotions into the supergrades for linguists Mr Butcher was quite specific on why the linguist des rves promotions into the higher grades However Mr Buckley appears to have missed the point so perhaps I can clarify the situation for him Besides having a mastery of the language the linguist in A64 often requires a special l II a aSlSl l ll I lI I liiii ii UiN CiliLASii SiiIsF I iE D 1 desk June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 18 CONFIBENTIl L IbldlSbE VIA eSllItI'I' elblrlil4EL5 SNL't DOCID 40091 J 86-36 EO 1 4 c CONFIBt3N'fIAL and detailed knowledge of a specific target area may never bother to recogniz the contribution -- knowledge that is not easily acnuired and that The linguist may put days of work into turning those foreign sounds or words into English can be very technical T sounds or words and then they may not even be recognizable in the final product if the linguist ever gets the opportunity to see the final product Putting all Agency linguists into one pot is hardly fair But to insinuate that all a linguist does is turn foreign sounds or words into English sounds or words is downright inaccurate The language problem is seldom that simple and linguists should be paid for their special knowledge and skills even into the supergrades if that is what it takes to keep them on the job Furthermore linguists should fill Mr Buckley's mailbox with reasons why they should be promoted beyond grade level 12 Perhaps he will come to realize tfiat sinking money into recruiting hiring training and waiting for linguists to gain experience is more expensive than making it worthwhile for experienced people to stay at their jobs jobs that are not easily refilled And that is the truth Mr Buckley E8 iFIBEIl'fIMd Thus this simple task is not quite as simple as Mr Buckley would have us believe It requires a variety of skills including a great deal of experience I would venture to say although there is no way to prove it that an NSA linguist's job is never as easy as turning foreign sounds or words into English sounds or words But Mr Buckley will not admit this and would rather lose these hard-earned skills than promote linguists beyond grade 12 Unfortunately it also appears that Agency management agrees with him Thus linguists fle to other disciplines in hope of promotions and other rewards and this results in a significant loss of manpower and skills Then the Agency scurries to hire more linguists wondering why it's impossible to keep up with the drain This method of operation has its costs Recruiting hiring and training new linguists is not cheap But it seems that the Agency prefers to put money into recruiting new linguists rather than using that same money to keep experienced ones on the job It is also interesting to note that the Agency not only limits the promotions and financial rewards for a linguist but also severely restricts the recognition the desk linguist in A64 gets for the work he does Often his work is highly diluted in the final report Even the work he sends to the analysts will contain only his initials and the analysts P L To the Editor CRYPTOLOG I larticle on the Russian PQE CRYPTOLOG April 1977 was timely informative and thought-provoking for all of NSA' s Russian linguists It is to be hoped that thOse in a position to effect changes will seriously consider those defects which larticle pointed out Certainly it 1S to thegency's advantage to revise and update arty test of the importance of the PQE in order ito make i t fairer to all I would however like to correct a mistaken impression which bviously received from the NCSch course catalog RS 220 Intermediate Russian Transcription has not been given since 1971 and the NCSch has no plahs to conduct such a course in the future One might well ask why is it listed in the current ourse catalog As a result this means that there not only is no course to prepare a linguist for Part IIa classified translation but there is also no course with which one can prepare for Part lIB classified transcription It would be most interesting and enlightening to he r from someone in a responsible position as to why this is the uase and what can be done about it June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 19 CONFIDEN'FIAI- I 86-36 o EURGllIIl' I LIT 'J - DOClD 4009797 CONFIDBNTIAL oWT MORE and therefore could not be expected to know how i t all began 1 S O early -g66 In the E o 1 4 c a number of events occurred which taken together had a far-reaching impact on the role NSA was then playing in the-a7 intelligence community Tne author of the following letter bega n it by rewriting the first paragraph and s orne of the second paragraph of an article tha t appeared in the March 1977 CRYPTOLOG Ed To the Editor CRYPTOLOG ill Ifj77 The 18ri issue of CRYPTOLO G conta ined an article b'yj fi' Rns which d e- scribed in some detail the paIieE16U allet pa ra wiidI@ in the f the 118A SUHlIT C III 3 ilrilE i t as I CiiGl EOlliplece aild aite lIitcnsbiIi g oJ period between the inception of the 13 t H- v tl i' s 13 vi -feA Bat 1 SIGSUM and Dtll' association with it F I I ided 4 i t 'Q J F no information at al L Having with some others devoted a part of those years to the business of sopgd Hi g s ac 'n developing t he ' s W1Ilc rOY SIGSUM I am perhaps in as good a position as 1 - c e 8 1 any to fi 11 in the ga 37 J that 0' In e1re pI 66653 I I iii et ' Ii r C1- o h om 8 s SU i6 jf 2Cihe t e Sf 5 article W'IJd unintentionally misleading made so p simply by the fact that had no part in the t' d- conception and early development of theJt eport June 77 CRYPTOLOG P L Page 20 86-3 6CONFIDENTIAL HA 18Le VIA COHHH CHMmEb mlb p L 86-36 DOCID 400970 11 4 p L c 86-36 CONPIBEN'fIAL L- Melville J Boucher VI ES IFI81 nTIAb missing The station located on the southern tip of Greeland was called GAMMATRON and I am quite positive that the designator was G and the call was NTG Also missing on the list was U S naval radio station Poyners Hill N C which was located about 20 miles north of Nag's Head on the Outer Banks Its designator was IIp '' as Mr McGrillies indicated and the callsign eludes me for the moment Poyners Hill was turned over to the Coast Guard just after VE Day in 1945 and has totally vanished except for foundations of buildings A reunion of former members who were stationed at Poyners Hill was held in September 1976 Only seven members were located for the reunion but we are planning to hold another if we can get additional names and addresses of former personnel Anyone having served at Poyners Hill or knowing the whereabouts of anyone who served there please call me on 796-6528 p L 86-36 ECS3 ESNFI8E ITI b3 To the Editor CRYPTOLOG In the list of U S naval radio stations during World War II a couple of stations were -O_O_O_Cl_O_O_O_O_O_O_O_O_O_O_O_Cl_Cl_O_O_Cl_' _O O_O AN ENTERTAINING EXCURSION with Charles Lacombe at the 1977 CLA Banquet Does Anyone Here Speak Ancient Mayan The date l oooooo -iE 110 IIJli - is drawing near That's the date of the CLA's Annual Banquet at Sheraton-Silver Spring Motor Inn Colesville Road Silver Spring Md Cash Bar - 6 30 p m Dinner - 7 30 p m Dinner is a lavish buffet roast beef chicken etc with salad and dessert courses served at the table Price $9 00 per person Reservation deadline Friday 17 June 77 P L 1 - _ 86-36 l 84048 49668 47518 UNCLASSIFIED June 77 CRYPTOLOG Page 21 CONFIBaN'fIAI J up ---- r 1 '---_ _--L_ _ -- ----- 'fIllS BOCtJl t N'f CON'fAINS EUROBe' 'ORB tA'f w I3RIAl This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu