ro ep _--- -SF cRET o s ptember 10 19Sh ----- - ME MORA NDUM -- - - To The Through' sIS P'rca EllR - L1rlnglltan T Merchant Subject Alternative to EDC tar v 35 Attaohed t Tab A 18 a Memorand lll tor tha President vb1ch lie haa alreac y received out l1n1ng a program to meet the present European cr181a At Tab B 18 a paper which 1Ip811a out this Progr ll in grw ter cata11 At Tab C ill a propolled NATO resolution to be approved by o special CouncU meeting in October At Tab D 111 a proposal tor reatorlng Garman sovereignty In cOIUII cti on with these paper oo I hould lid to call your atteS1co particularly t o t he f 01low1ng points o 1 The President should be aware t hat _ haft not attempted to deal w1th tha problem of what bapperul in the event of the unU1cat1on of Oel'l llf We are cont1nuir g to conau1t the Legal Advinr ortice on this point in an errort to da lop a position 2 In your absence we have not aubndtted o copy ot tb41 papers to the Department of netenea althoQgh w ha la pt t'- generallJPY intonned ot our th1nk1ng I belie _ should tranlldt copta of the paperll to Detenee tor the1r commentll as lloon all you haft had o chance to r evisw them We should alllo tran8llll1t prcnptl y copie s to Alllballsador Hughes and General Gruenthar for their pri te ca-nh 3 From the tactical point of view particu1arl y in negot1atin with Adenauer we s hould not a ccept tha poaiUou that the contractual agreements are dead There are still IICIIIa prinCiple II in the I a ntII which are important to us and our barp1n1ng pOlliticID w1ll be better i t we cling as long II pOllll1b1e to tha vi that they remain in ertact h In diSCUSSing our positian with tha Brit1ah and Prencll 1111 should emphasize that we are not rel y1nc o 011 unilateral cOlll l1tasnte Many of the provisions in our prog1'8lll vb1ch w11l limit Ge%'lll ll control over the1r l Iil1tary elltab11a'-nt are 1IIU1 tUatenl a-n o 5 In negoUating with the Oel'lllaDa an the atatua of toroea problem we will probabl y be driven back em acceptance at leut pabl1c q ot the iA TO SOF tormula In order to 1JIpran our po iUCID rta -via Detense and CongrellS we lIhould howe r at tampt Y1 01'OQll to l18aut1ate additional conceniona on t NatmeDt ot t roop in a IIlIppl_ntaI7 I'I' IIpIIl8Dt 5UCh al haft r ecantl y reached with ltal y 191 1 1 1Lf- TOP SBCRE'1' DECLASSIFIED Authorityll ML'0 q S O o e SECRFft - 2 - o 6 We are agreed t ha t tor t he practical purpose of put t1r g P1'8I1WN on the P'rench VII I11118t haft a veto-proot altarnatift lor Geman rearmamant lIuch as that oatlined in paragraph 4 of Tab B I 11ah to emphasise hlMmIr l1 Y conviction that Bl1II alternatift requir ing WI to proceed withoat French cooperation doe not oOniOl'll to yOUl' rede principle that II strong Europe can be bUilt o on 1ranco-German collaboration ConssqUllnt any such alternative 1 not an nd itMl but o II bargaining davice and we should not beC0lll8 oftr-cClllll1tted to it but should retain eBsential nerlbllity 7 II an opportun1t y prellllnt It l I suggest you ask Secretary W11son and Admiral Radford to pall together 11'QII the -117 studies now going on in the Pentagon the ntia1 IlI1lltar y c_nU on t he Br1 tbh docW1lllnt outlining their progrea lor German hip in IIATO I am convinced that at IlOIII8 point in cur lorthcClling Dllgot iationa VII lUst have a position on this particular paper o o ATTACHMENTS Tab Tab Tab Tab A B C D - MemorandWII to the Pres1dent U S PoaitioD on Altermtin to EIlC Proposed IIATO RellOlutiCD Relltoration ot Gennan Icnraigllt r 21615 o IB'1'MoorelllClc 9 10 54 DECL ASSIFIED 'fOP SBalET Authority 'Dq5lOq o o o - TOP SEamT TAB A - - Keeping in mind the principal objectives of the EI C package EDC we are considering two nltern tiva approaches Gel'lllaD y di 'ectlJPY into NATO The first would br1Dg The siBe composition aDd dispos1tiOll of German dcl'anse forces would be controlled pr1ncipall y by NATO agl'e_nt on DOn-discrim1natory sa1'eguards The Germans would also Wldertake certaiD voluntary cOllll7l1tments unUsteraJ4r as pSl't of the terms of their adlllission to NATO We would move coucurreutlJPY to restore sovereignty to West GerDany o The second alternative would be used 11' as is possSble the Freucb prevent the first us mr This second alternative provides for steps by the and Germar Y including possiblJPY without French concurrence witb German Benelnx aDd Italy to proceed real'JDlllllellt UDder a defense ment along tbe llDes of the Yugoelav-Greek-Turk Pact agree- Wh1le Degotiat1Jlg this agreement actual tral n1 ng of German cadres could begin in the US and m Zones These steps Jnigbt induce a welcolle chaDgB in the Fremb pos1tioo We would continue to encourage European iDtegl'atiOD Our tactics and timtng would be to reach as wide as po ISble mlllt before a full NATO Ministerial Haeting earlJPY in October - rea- At the NATO Itleting we WlDuld attellpt to secure the Pl'8terred first altOl'll8t1 o 21616 Ql 2 I CRE't9 E Authorityl ML'fJ ' $t4q o o P-SEem - - ' T Jl B us POSIT ION ON AL'l'ERNA TIVE TO EDC The major objectives of US aecurity pollcy toward Western Europe have beenl Ge 1 To as ociate with the We t 2 To foster furtber progre88 toward European integration parti- cularly Franoo-German reconciliation 3 To obtain a German contribution to Western defens 4 To re tore sovereignty to Gennaqy and end diSCrimination against her French rejection of EDC haa blocked that road to attainment of theae obj ective o Ir the Europeans Can la y out and follow an alternate route p1'Oll1ptl y and with daterm1nation ehould wpport thea bec uae of our vital interest in a strong Europe The e entia1 e1t111enta an altemaU program would be the follovillgl 1 German Membership in NATO Ge llally should be inv1 ted to accede to the Jlorth Atlantic Treat y b y alireement among all the signat orie in acoordance with lrtiole 10 In accepting this invitation Germaro- would IlUbndt a foJ'lll l rep1 r enrpbae1zing the defensive character of the force II she ellpect to contribute and under-taking to follow in her 1n1tial contribution the sise and composition of forces specif1ed in the EDC Special ItI ll t 17 Agree_nt thi ualude submarine and strategic bOlllberB She would nt needed for the cODl llOn defaMe alllO undertake to prod uce equip- She vould atate bownr that abe would not prod uce atomic and thermo-nuclear _pona 1I111tar r airoratt etc other i10MB in Annex I' o I n of Artiole her ellpOHd strategic position e_pt a 107 of BOO Trut y bMaUM at 4 b y 1Il'fO D E ' C LA SS I E F IE D -- 21617 --- TOP SECRET - - Authority ML 0 514 ' r o o ' 2U ' Parallel with t his step NATO should reach tor 1II0re eft ect1ve mill tary 1ntegrat1on N1' 'O OemaIV' would program would have or all agre ent on a program In accepting membership in course be boual by theM agreawnta Th1a its objective strengthening the Jlilltary ettective- nese of t he torces contn1 t ted to MTO It would es a b1-produet Um1t ButODonv ot any f orces cow t ted to NATO in lfurope wh1eh would include all Oeman t orces as provi ded belov ot be1ng des1rable in its own r1ght Germany It would thus have the adnntages and DOn-diecr1m1natory vi8-a-vi8 The tollowing pointe ehould be ooveredt Further integration and internat1ona11sation ot e c b strenthen1llg or SA CEUR I control OYer dep1o r lent ot torce cOl'llitted to him so that thaT will be o nd ed in accordance with IiATO plens and can be _ad within his area onl1' as o result of his decision SACEIIR would be subject to appropriate political gu1danee in the ellBrci88 c Strenthening or Annual that changes in or the poweroo Review includillg tomal IiAC previou8 agNact apprond toree goala and torce ccmm1tlll9nta to NATO abould be ada onl1' 111 CCIC rdance with the Annual Review procee oo d Agreement on integration ot 8upp and logistics 1IIclud1Dg propo l tor 1nte tlonal depota Boprt Plan Invitation to all IiATO n e libera villing to part101pate lin aimed pr1lllar1 at the Six to tOl'ill an wAzIM Product1aa 'DolIDing as far o II po l1b1e 111 the direction of the DC proYS 81ona 'l'ha US ahould be rea to 1nd 1oate o preteranoe tor c'--1 1JIg ito oid to the Six thraagh such a rather tban DECLASSIFIED 21618 Authori y 'O Of TOP SWRft st p ' 1 o - J DECLASSI-FI D AUlhorityl ML SG n o - I-I- - - - - - - -- Thi program could be agreed au 1 1mplelllllnted withoat IV' mod1tIcation It would not howver be eftectift UDla oo supplemented by of the Treat agre_nt on a Il8V protocol ool1l ll tting a1gnatorlea IItIt to III lnta1Jl toreoo other than tho OOI1IIIIItted to lIATO COIII I Ider except tor certain apec1t1ad purpolle 91 noa the oo would include the right to maintain t _ s needed to fulfill detense reeponaibllit1ee 111 areas other than Europe the NATO area It should be po lble to obtain Senate awroTal sam time this protocol should t proft the ohaooe 01' out81de At the of French and BritIsh aWI'OTal by llIIl1ting Oel'l1Bn ton e to tho aaa1gned to I iTO Ever y etfort should be made to reach agre_nt on this procru tim with the British and Germans and then with the other o me coantri and C nada 111 time tor a _ting ot the Jorth Atlantic CouncU prior to October 15 At this meeting the CounoU would approq 111 pr1nc1ple OeMl8Jl raemberehip in HA TO It would lao appro a reeowtion very broadl y tilt progl' I I outlined abaTe and 1natruct the oo Pe Dt Representatives work1llg with the m111t 17 bodies to drew up doe al1 t documents carrying out the prog ' ll tor appl'Oftl by the CoaDoU at Ita December meeting The objl ctiva would be to agree 111 December on a complete program _de as 1mpreaabe and attNoti u po lble tor use 111 securing perl1amentar approft3 of tho portions or it tor vh1 ch thi 1 neOlls8 ry 2 Reltor t1on ot German Savere1 mv See attached Tab B 3 European Wemt10p o E ry eftort should be _doe to N tore 1JIpetua to the $z opean UD1tv' C I 'tar We 8bCNlcl aont1D1e to aupport the BuropeaD Coal uIIl 1 Un1tv' and to encourace JV other pr at1oal irtep tion au An effort boul 4 be ude to _ w I'4 a tor ea_ a Slltelftl- ' pol1Uoal ee o SECRET o - 11- cO l'lllUDitq either by reviv1ng the Charter drawn up b y the SchuJun Plan bHmbl y last year or b y call1ng a elireotl y elected European lIsembl y in acoordance with the Declaration ot May 1954 and assigning it the Franae ot oourse voW d be reepon 1bil1ty tor drawing up a Charter expected to participate in the endeavoreD At the IlA TO Council _ting in earlJPY October a strong resolution along these lines should be approved by the M1n1sters W should alllO wpport a European solution tor the Saar along the linea agreed betwen Adenauer and the preceding Fnmh Oov nmoent 4 Oernan R rmament outside NATO It the above taUs t o obtain French conC11Z'renctl in Oernan lIIIIt1Iber h1p in NA TO and in the German detense contribution we should be prepared to o adopt a new position the essential teature ot which should be thet it would lake i t possible to circumv nt a lI'rench yeta We abould work out the substance ot this position in adYance with the BritUh but ebould not eliecuss it with the French or oth r powre unlMe i t be_a neceaaar r because ot French obetructioni_ on NATO prob181ll F berahip and the dat The French should be intormed that the door 1a alw1 open ta French concurrence in the Oerman NA TO meatberah1p IIOlutioll or to a reYi l of 'DC HOIIIIVer i t 1s McesMry in the meantiJIIII to work 0IIt a prograa tor dealing urgentlT although lellll satWactorilT with tile Oen n problal The first stap in this program would be a joint lB-l requeat to their respective Joint Chieta ot Statt to renew together the atrategy tor WIIstern defense on the IISWIIption ttat hench cool OratiOD v1 U DOt be torthcoming o Although a tinal US POSitiOD abould a_it tile re ta of this study w should indicate to the British that w are t MnIr1 na along the Une of two main step oo lh O fOP sr cm DECLASSIFIED AulhorityI 'ML O st l o o o SECRET - S a Draw up a detense PAct among the US tJI and Ge on a basie aJlalogoue to the Greek-'rurId IhooYlliollu pact Th1 a paot would be val1I1 0nJ r until a ahange or c1l'o_ etancee makee poealble German aclm1suon to IilTO or a rev1 ral ot FDC b Prcnpt institution ot the w1Dter1lll lIBaIUN - program tor actualq getting llllder wy tile prel1Jl1na1'7 tra 1ning ot German toroee Tb1e program should be 1m'plernented vi til tile pr1llla17 objectlW putting political preswre on the French s1Doe it i h1g ot unaatiataoto1'7 t1'Olll tile standpoint or obtai n1ng the ob ctl 1 Hated at the beginning o o or tbl paper o 21621 J EtIR R1 II'l'Hoore 1IIOk DECLASSIFIED Autllorityl 'MLn 54q 9 10 54 TOP S CRI'1' This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu