UNCLASSIFIED Space and Missile Systems Center SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER Global Positioning System Update to PNT Advisory Board 28 June 2017 Col Gerry Gleckel Deputy Director Global Positioning Systems Directorate Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 1 UNCLASSIFIED GPS - Critical National Asset SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER • Vital to International Security Economic Growth and Public Safety – 1 Billion civil commercial users worldwide 57 Authorized Allied Users • Extends across all domains -- air land sea space cyberspace – Effects transcend national and military boundaries • Develop Publish Interface Control Documents – Worldwide Involvement in annual GPS Public Interface Control Working Groups Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 2 UNCLASSIFIED GPS Impacts SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 3 UNCLASSIFIED GPS Threats Mitigation SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER • Our adversaries understand how US space capabilities enable the speed precision effectiveness and freedom of actions the US joint force relies on for global projection and application of military power – Their arsenals are developing quickly and in a diversified way – Given our adversaries rapid weapon development and prepositioning of terrestrial and on-orbit forces the USAF must prepare to fight and operate through a war that extends into space • Cyber – Updates on going to existing GPS Operational Control System OCS to improve cyber security posture and monitoring – Next Generation Operational Control System OCX includes robust information assurance cyber security and signal monitoring requirements • Jamming Spoofing – Military GPS User Equipment MGUE Increment 1 capabilities focus heavily on improvements to jamming resistance and anti-spoof – Additional MGUE modifications to increase resiliency • Kinetic – Satellite constellation size reliability provides resiliency – System capable of operations without ground segment for several days Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 4 UNCLASSIFIED GPS Resiliency Considerations SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER • GPS Architecture Contains Some Inherently Resilient Characteristics – – – – – DoD’s largest satellite constellation Proven high reliability Can operate without the ground segment for several days Robust and diverse user equipment inventory Decades of experience countering jamming and spoofing • Encrypted military signals GPS IIR-M IIF satellites “Flex Power” boost – Cybersecurity improvements on existing control segment • Multiple Resiliency Enhancements Currently Being Fielded – – – – New civil signals L2C L5 L1C new message types New MGUE signal processing techniques modern cryptography GPS III Space Vehicle SV boosted M-Code Cybersecurity further strengthened in OCX • Potential Future Capabilities – High power regional signal reprogrammable digital payload advanced signals initiatives and Multi-GNSS Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 5 UNCLASSIFIED GPS Modernization SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 6 6 UNCLASSIFIED State of GPS III Vehicles SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER SV04 L-ASSY Nav Panel Integration SV02 SV03 System Module Performance Test Core Mate Earth Deck Mate System Perform Test SPT Acoustics SV01 TVAC Post Environment SPT Anechoic Chamber Solar Array Deployments Storage • SV01 placed into short term storage on 28 Feb 17 – LAE R R and Regression Testing in mid to late Jul • SV02 is currently preparing for Acoustics – Acoustics Test Alignments start in Jul 2017 – LAE R R and Regression Testing in late Jul to mid Aug – Thermal Vacuum in late Aug ECD Mid Dec 2017 • SV03 conducting Initial Power Turn on Testing – SPT starting Jun 2017 ECD Jul 2017 – Core Mate scheduled for late Jul 2017 • SV04 is currently in System Module buildup stage R R – Remove and Replace LAE – Liquid Apogee Engine TVAC – Thermal Vacuum SPT – System Performance Test SV – Space Vehicle GPS III Has 4 SVs in Various Phases Within The Single Line Flow Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 7 UNCLASSIFIED GPS III Space Vehicles 01 – 32 Approach SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER SV01 SV02 SV03SV04SV05 SV06SV07SV08 ILC ILC ILC ILC ILC ILC ILC ILC Source Sel RFP ATP SV09 ILC SV10 ILC Production 6-yr CDR to AFL for SV11 ∆CDR ∆CDR Delivery Capability Insertion Plan CIP SV11 AFL On Orbit Reprogrammable Digital Payload ORDWG SV12 SV14 SV16 AFL AFL AFL SV13 SV15 AFL AFL SV17 AFL SV18 SV20 SV22 AFL AFL AFL SV19 SV21 AFL AFL SV23 SV24 SV26 AFL AFL AFL SV25 AFL SV27 AFL SV28 SV30 SV32 AFL AFL AFL SV29 SV31 AFL AFL High Power Amplifiers SSPAs Regional Military Protection RMP M-Code Space Service Volume Directional Laser Crosslinks Directional Laser Crosslinks Future Enhancements Notional Future Enhancements Notional • GPS III acquisition defined as 32 space vehicles with upgrade approach to meet evolving threat • SV01 – 5dB Boosted M-Code Earth Coverage signals – International Compatible civilian signals L1C L5 • SV11 – – – – 18 dB Regional Military Protection RMP of M-Code signals Energized Charged Particle ECP sensor for increased Space Situational Awareness Search and Rescue SAR GPS payload to transition Personnel Recovery PR mission to DoD assets Redesigned NUDET Detection System NDS for obsolescence and reduced size weight • SV17 SV23 SV27 – Potential Enhanced M-Code Space Service Volume SSV for freedom of action in space – Partnership w AFSPC A5 AFRL on new technology to increase resiliency and evolve to mitigate threats Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 8 UNCLASSIFIED GPS Next-Generation Operational Control System OCX SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER • Next-Generation C2 and cyber-defense for GPS – Worldwide 24 hr day all weather position velocity and time source for military civilian users – Improved PNT performance – Robust information assurance and cyber security – Modern civil signals monitoring – Support Military Code M-Code navigation warfare • Incremental Development – OCX Block 0 launch checkout for GPS III – OCX Blocks 1 2 operate manage GPS constellation adds modern features operate advanced M-Code features and Civil Signal Performance Monitoring • Current Status Working through program challenges – Program replanned to implement process improvements including increased automation in software development platform deployment and an improved software approach – Quarterly Reviews with OSD AT L SECAF and Raytheon CEO Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 9 UNCLASSIFIED OCX Core Requirements SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER Technical Challenges M-Code Operational Navigation Signals Services NAVWAR Anti-jam Integrity Monitoring External Interfaces Architecture Info Assurance PNT Performance OCS Current OCX PDR Jun 2011 L1 L2 C A P Y Yes Yes M-Code No Yes L1C L2C L5 No Yes Modernized Signal Monitoring OMSRE No Yes Military Civil Navigation Related Messaging No Yes Flexible power Yes Yes Integrated Situational Awareness No Yes Flexible Scalable Adaptable Evolvable No Yes Integrity Infrastructure No Yes Net-Centric Migration New Interfaces No Yes Modern Key Management No Yes Advanced Software and Architecture Standards No Yes Advanced Information Assurance No Yes Operate over 32 satellites No Yes Navigation Solution Performance Improvement No Yes GPS IIR IIR M Yes Yes GPS IIF Yes Yes GPS III No Yes Area Performance SV Family Support Attributes Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 10 UNCLASSIFIED GPS Enterprise Sustainment Roadmap SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER Modifications Calendar Year 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 CUP1 RSCN GIPR RS Hardening SHAK CUP 2 Security Patches LADO SAFU LADO Modernization MSTIC DCO Tier 3 Staff GAITR M-MSTIC CUP 3 RDCSS GSIMS Hardening LADO CDS Win 10 MCEU DMZ Implemented Planned Funded 2011-2021 $130M executed planned on OCS Cyber Upgrades Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 11 UNCLASSIFIED Military GPS User Equipment MGUE SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER • MGUE Inc 1 is a joint service program developing M-Code capable military GPS receivers – – – – Provides reliable accurate positioning navigation and timing Market driven approach 3 vendors developing M-Code receivers Oct 2016 L-3 first DoD contractor to receive security certification Jan 2017 MGUE Increment 1 received Milestone B approval • Conducting integration into Service Lead Platforms – – – – Nov 2015 Delivered 1st prototype to B-2 Bomber program Jun 2016 MGUE Final Test Articles FTAs provided to Navy DDG Aegis-class Destroyer program Mar 2017 MGUE Inc 1 demonstrated on guided flight test of Army PGM Jun 2017 Conducted first flight with the prototype MAGR2K-M on B-2 • Draft MGUE Increment 2 Capability Development Document in coord Space Receiver Handheld Precision Guided Munitions Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 13 12 UNCLASSIFIED M-Code Capability Advances SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER Key Management Jamming Resistance Anti-Spoof M-Code Power Reduced burdens Improved user autonomy Initial fix enhanced Anti-Jam extended Detect and reject false signals Operate closer to jammer under trees Blue Force Electronic Attack M-Code Cryptography External Augmentations Operate near friendly jamming More secure more flexible Extend GPS accuracy availability in challenged environments Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 13 UNCLASSIFIED Summary SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER • Modernized GPS brings significant added capability to Joint Fight – GPS III Increased anti-jam capabilities through increased signal power – MGUE Upping anti-jam spoof capabilities with advanced algorithms M-Code – OCX Improved network cyber security expanded capabilities Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 14 UNCLASSIFIED Backups SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED 15 UNCLASSIFIED GPS OV-1 SPACE AND MISSILE SYSTEMS CENTER Building the Future of Military Space UNCLASSIFIED FOUO UNCLASSIFIED 17 16 12