June 22 2016 Argentina Declassification Project List of Names Terms Events Places and Dates January 1 1975 - December 31 1983 US Victim Names Mercedes Naveiro Bender US citizen detained on May 5 1976 tortured at a detention camp She was released two days later under US pressure John Patrick Egan US Consul officer in Cordoba who was kidnapped and killed by Montoneros in February 1975 Patricia A Erb US citizen living and studying in Buenos Aires She was a student activist who was detained in September 1976 and tortured at the Campo de Mayo detention center She was released after four weeks of public pressure in the US and by the US Embassy After her release she named many prisoners who disappeared and lobbied the US Congress to cut military aid to Argentina Billy Lee Hunt US citizen and student living in Mendoza who was kidnapped on April 8 1977 and never seen again Chris Anna Olson Latta de Oliva US citizen studying in Cordoba who was killed on October 19 1976 Gwenda Mae Loken Lopez US citizen detained on April 30 1976 and tortured at the La Rosario detention center She is freed in October 1976 Elida Messina Argentine coordinator for the Fulbright Commission Detained on May 24 1976 she is released after US Embassy pressure three days later Toni Agatina Motta US citizen who was visiting Argentina in with her friend an Italian citizen who had previously been deported from Argentina Together they disappeared and were never seen again Susana Maria Panero and Marta Alicia Panero US citizens detained in Cordoba in 1976 Marta is released in February 1978 and Susana is released in March 1979 Jon Arozarena Pirmin US citizen living in Argentina who was abducted in Buenos Aires on April 30 1977 and never seen again Pablo Rieznik Argentine husband of US citizen Alejandra Estela Herrera de Rieznik He was detained in May 1977 Olga Talamante US citizen imprisoned and tortured in Argentina in 1974 for political activities The US embassy and the Olga Talamante Defense Committee helped secure her release in March 1976 James M Weeks US citizen and priest who lived in Cordoba as a member of the La Salette order who was detained on August 3 1976 Under public US pressure and pressure by the US embassy he was released on August 19 1976 US Government Officials National Security Council o o Henry Kissinger National Security Advisor 1969-75 Brent Scowcroft National Security Advisor 1975-77 June 22 2016 o o o o o Mary Brownell NSC Staff 1974-76 Roger Fontaine NSC Staff Latin America 1981-83 Robert Pastor NSC Staff Latin America 1977-80 Alphonso Sapia-Bosch NSC Staff Latin America 1982-83 Lewis Tambs NSC Staff Latin America 1983-85 Department of State o Secretary of State • • • • o Assistant Secretaries of State for Inter-American Affairs Western Hemisphere Affairs • • • • • • • o William G Bowdler 1980-81 Thomas O Enders 1981-83 Langhorne A Tony Motley 1983-85 William D Bill Rogers 1974-76 Harry W Shlaudeman 1976-77 Shlaudeman also served as US Ambassador to Peru 1977-80 and US Ambassador to Argentina 1980-83 Terence A Terry'' Todman 1977-78 Viron P Pete Vaky 1978-79 Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs • • • o Henry Kissinger 1975-77 Cyrus Vance 1977-80 Alexander Haig 1981-82 George Shultz 1982-89 James M Wilson Jr served as Coordinator for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs 1976-77 Patricia M Patt Derian 1977-81 Elliott Abrams 1981-85 Other State Department Officials with interest in Argentina • • • • • • • • Stephen W Bosworth Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Inter-American Affairs 1982-83 Michele Bova Human Rights Officer Bureau of Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs 1977-79 James E Buchanan Bureau of Intelligence and Research analyst 1974-76 John A Bushnell Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs 1977-82 Warren Christopher Deputy Secretary 1977-81 Luigi R Einaudi Director of the Policy Planning Staff for Inter-American Affairs 1977-89 Tom J Farer US Commissioner on the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 1976-85 Gen Andrew Goodpaster US Special Envoy to Argentina 1980 Seeking Argentine support for Soviet Union grain embargo June 22 2016 • Ralph Guzman Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs 1977-80 • • • • • • • Philip C Habib Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs 1976-78 Roger Kirk Deputy Director Bureau of Intelligence and Research 1976 William Luers Deputy Assistant Secretary for Inter-American Affairs 1975-77 Frank McNeill Latin America Bureau Office of Inter-American Affairs 1977-78 Louis Misback Bureau of Intelligence and Research analyst 1976 David D Newsom Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs 1978-81 Fernando E Fred Rondon Deputy Director East Coast Affairs Latin America Bureau Office of Inter-American Affairs 1976-78 participated on Derian's trip • to Argentina in 1977 Hewson A Ryan Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs 1975-76 • Mark L Schneider Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs 1979-81 • • • Harold Saunders Director Bureau of Intelligence and Research 1975-76 Gerard C Smith US Special Envoy for Non-Proliferation 1977-80 William P Stedman Jr Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Inter-American Affairs 1977-78 • • LTG Vernon A Walters US Special Envoy 1981-85 Robert F Woodward US Commissioner on the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights 1972-76 o US Ambassadors to Argentina • • • • o Robert C Hill 1974-77 Raul H Ca tro 1977-80 Harry W Shlaudeman 1980-83 Francis V Frank Ortiz 1983-86 Buenos Aires-based State Department staff • • • • • • • • • • • • • • George Beckett US Regional Security Officer RSO 1975-76 John A Bushnell Deputy Chief of Mission 1982-87 James Blystone US RSO 1979-80 Maxwell Chaplin Deputy Chief of Mission 1976-77 John Doherty Political Officer and Labor Attache 1972-73 Anthony G Freeman Political Officer and Labor Attache 1976-80 Townsend Friedman Political and Human Rights Officer 1979-82 Roger R Gamble ·Political Officer and Labor Attache 1973-76 F Allen ''Tex Harris Human Rights Officer 1977-80 John Keene Political Officer and Labor Attache 1982-83 Ronald James Kelly US RSO 1977-78 Claus Ruser Deputy Chief of Mission 1980-82 James F Shea Political Officer and Labor Attache 1980-82 Wayne S Smith Political Counselor 1976 June 22 2016 • • Hugh Woodward Acting Deputy Chief of Mission 1976 Frank Zambito Political Officer 1976 Buenos Aires-based US Military Attache officials o o o o o o o Lt Col John L Bohach Assistant Army Military Attache 1976 Lt Col Paul A Coughlin Defense Attache 1976 Maj Herbert C Huser Army Attache 1974-75 Capt Emiddio Massa Naval Attache 1974-75 Col Emmett A Niblack Air Force Attache 1974-75 Lt Col Robert E Overbey Assistant Army Attache 1974-75 Col Samuel Stapleton Defense Attache in Buenos Aires who in May 1975 received death threats Buenos Aires-based US military officials Military Assistance Advisory Group o o o o o o o o o o o Lt Col Lloyd Gracey MAAG officer assigned to train staff of Argentine Intelligence Battalion 601 in 1976 Lt Col James T Fleker MAAG marine infantry and training Cmdr Leren M Lewedag Section Chief MAAG Maj Juan de la Cruz Medina Advisor Maj Mathew Medina Advisor Maj John T Payne training and operations advisor Col Fredrico Smith Section Chief Lt Col Jack C Smith MAAG logistics advisor Capt Francisco V Suarez Section Chief Col Robert W Tart MAAG commander 1973-76 Maj John T Weiss Advisor Other Buenos Aires-based US officials o Robert Scherrer Legal Attache who served in Buenos Aires for eight years in the 1970's and reported on human rights violations US military units dispatched to Argentina nd o 902 Military Intelligence Group from the US Army Intelligence and Security Command INSCOM o 470 Military Intelligence Brigade th Other US Government Officials o o o Dean Clows Under Secretary of Labor for International Affairs 1980-81 Howard D Samuel Under Secretary of Labor for International Affairs 1979-80 Robert W Searby Under Secretary of Labor for International Affairs 1981-84 Members of Congress with expressed interest in Human Rights in Argentina o o Rep Thomas R Harkin of Iowa 1975-84 Rep Edward I Koch of New York 1969-78 June 22 2016 o o o o o Sen Edward Kennedy of Massachusetts 1961-2000 Rep Benjamin Gilman of New York 1973-2002 Rep Edward R Roybal of California 1963-92 Rep Gus Yatron of Pennsylvania 1969-92 Rep Donald Fraser of Minnesota 1963-78 Selected list of prominent Argentine and Third Country Victims Juan Carlos Anzorena disappeared in August 1979 and the subject of US reporting Esther Norma Arrostito leader of the Montoneros who was captured in a military battle on December 2 1976 and imprisoned and tortured at the ESMA prison and later disappears Elena Barberis disappeared in 1976 subject of US reporting after she is identified by Patricia A Erb as a prisoner of Campo de Mayo in October 1976 Alfredo Bravo Educator and labor union activist kidnapped on September 8 1977 and released in 1979 Fernando Rubin Brodsky disappeared in August 1979 and subject of US reporting Horacio Campiglia exiled Montoneros leader living in Rio de Janeiro who is kidnapped by Argentine Battalion 601 in March 1980 and transferred to ESMA detention center and later disappears Monica Susana Pinus de Binstock- Montoneros leader who is kidnapped in Rio de Janeiro with Horacio Campiglia by Argentine Intelligence Battalion 601 in March 1980 and transferred to ESMA detention center and later disappears Cardo Manuel Caho journalist who was a member of the Montoneros killed by the military in 1977 Haroldo Conti Argentine writer who was arrested on May 5 1976 and never seen again Robert Cox British citizen and publisher of the English language newspaper the Buenos Aires Herald who is arrested tortured and released after US diplomat Tex Harris intervenes Daniel Armando Croatto Montenero leader killed in September 1979 Liliana Delfino disappeared in 1976 and named as a prisoner at Campo de Mayo by Patricia A Erb in Ocotber 1976 Deutsch family five members arrested in 1977 President Carter asks Argentinian President Videla about their treatment Those arrested were Alejandro Helena Susana Liliana and Elena Deutsch Alice Dornon French nun and supporter of the Mad res de la Plaza de Mayo kidnapped on December 8 1977 Jaime Ori a Montoneros leader kidnapped in Uruguay in December 1977 and imprisoned by the Argentine government He is the sole survivor to a failed Argentine intelligence operation in Mexico City in 1978 Leonie Duquet French nun and supporter of the Mad res de la Plaza de Mayo kidnapped on December 8 1977 Claudio Lila and Luis Epelbaum disappeared in Aug-Nov 1976 Their mother Rene de Epelbaum becomes a founder of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo Adolfo Perez Esquivel 1980 Nobel Peace Prize Winner who was tortured in 1977 Marcelo Gelman son of exiled Argentine poet and Montoneros sympathizer who disappeared in 1976 June 22 2016 Noemi Esther Giannetti de Molfino Montoneros exile who was kidnapped in Peru in June 1980 Ruben de Gregorio disappeared in December 1977 and subject of US reporting Raymundo Gleyzer Argentine filmmaker who is abducted and disappears on May 27 1976 three years after releasing his movie The Traitors Dr Augustin Goiburu exiled Paraguayan opposition leader who is abducted in Argentina and disappeared Joao Goulart former President of Brazil 1961-64 who was ousted in a coup and later lived in exile in the town of Mercedes in the Corrientes province in Argentina Died on December 6 1976 of a heart attack Some have speculated and others have charged that he was poisoned as part of Operation Condor David Graiver an Argentine businessman and banker who allegedly supported the La Opinion newspaper and was investigated by the FBI of laundering money to support the Monteneros Killed in a plane crash in Mexico in 1976 Dagmar Hagelin Swedish citizen who disappeared on January 27 1977 Elena Angelica Holmberg Lanusse daughter of former President Alejandro Lanusse wo served as an Argentine diplomat in France She is kidnapped in Paris and is found dead in Buenos Aires in December 1978 Enrique Jara Deputy editor of la Opinion is abducted in April 1977 and disappears Thelma Jara de Cabezas mother of Enrique Jara who becomes a leader of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo protest group who hereself is arrested in April 1979 and detained in the ESMA detention center and released in April 1980 Jorge Ricardo Kenny Chrysler executive killed by Montoneros in April 1976 Horacio Domingo Maggio Montoneros leader who escapes ESMA in 1978 and informs US Ambassador Raul Castro about activities at ESMA and the names of detainees Zelmar Michelini and Hector Gutierrez Ruiz former Uruguayan legislators living in exile in Buenos Aires Kidnapped on May 18 1976 and found murdered two days later Emiglio Mignone leader of Permanent Assembly for Human Rights and founder of the Center for Legal and Social Studies He advocated for human rights and compiled a list of missing tortured and disappeared Argentines Monica Mignone daughter of a retired Argentine army officer and Catholic activist is detained by Argentine police on May 14 1976 and never seen again Her parents publicized her case at the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and her mother helped found the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo Later determined that she was detained at ESMA Antonio Muscat a manager of Bunge y Born Company who was killed by the Monoteros in 1975 Roberto Quieto the leader of Montoneros who is detained on December 28 1975 and is never seen again Marcelo Carolos Reinhold Montoneros leader kidnapped and disappeared in August 1977 Edgardo Sajon editor of la Opinion who disappears on April 1 1977 Mario Roberto Santucho a leader of the ERP killed in July 1976 Susana Lenor Sivar partner of Montoneros leader Marcelo Reinhold who was kidnapped and disappeared in August 1977 Hector Hidalgo Sola Argentine Ambassador to Venezuela disappeared on July 18 1977 June 22 2016 Jacobo Timerman Argentine journalist who spoke out against human rights violations as editor of La Opinion and was detained in April 1977 and tortured at Campo de Mayo and other detention centers before being released in April 1978 Juan Jose Torres former President of Bolivia living in exile in Buenos Aires is found murdered in June 1976 Azucena Villaflor de Vicenti founder of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo who along with other members of her protest group is abducted between December 8-11 1977 and disappears Raimundo Villaflor abducted on August 30 1979 and disappears is the subject of US reporting Alberto Villar Chief of Police in Buenos Aires and alleged member of the AAA He was killed by the Montoneros in 1975 Rodolfo Walsh writer and journalist intelligence officer in the Montoneros killed in Buenos Aires on March 25 1977 Hipolito Solari Yrigoyen Argentine legislator who opposed tactics of para-military organizations and was detained multiple times in 1976 Selected list of Argentine government officials and supporters Jorge Eduardo Acosta Naval commander of the ESMA detention center Orlando Ramon Agosti Argentine Air Force General who served as a member of the junta Adm Gualter Oscar Allara Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs 1977 Rodolfo Almiron a leader on the right-wing Argentine Anti-communist Alliance Alfredo Astiz an Argentine Naval Intelligence Officer based at ESMA who was implicated in the abduction of several members of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo group and two French nuns in December 1977 He allegedly infiltrated the group using an alias Gustavo Nino Musa Azar SIDE provincial chief in Santiago del Estero 1978 Gen Reynaldo Bignone a commanding general at the Campo de Mayo detention center who after retiring from the military became the final President under the Junta 1982-83 Antonio Domingo Bussi General in Tucuman province in 1975-77 Oscar Camilion Argentine Foreign Minister 1981 Ramon Juan Alberto Camps an Army general who also led the Buenos Aires Province police and the Federal Police and oversaw secret detention sites in the province Julio Carasales Argentine Ambassador to the Organization of American States 1976 Juan Martin Ciga Correa also known as Mariano Santa Maria served as a member of the Intelligence Battalion 601 Roberto Dalton Argentine Charge d' Affaires in the U S 1979 Col Mario Davico Army Intelligence officer who becomes the Deputy Chief of Army Intelligence Col Alejandro Agustin Arias Duval member of Intelligence Battalion 601 Cesar Enciso member of SIDE who was involved in counter-terrorism actions Jorge A Aja Espil Argentine Ambassador to the U S 1976-81 Carlos Enrique Galleone Chief of Counter terrorism Task Force for the Federal Police 1976 Leopoldo F Galtieri Army general who served as a member of the junta was President in 198182 and led the disastrous war with the United Kingdom over the Falklands Gaston de Prat Gay Argentine Charge d' Affaires in the U S 1977 Col Miguel Angel Mallea Gil served as President Videla's chief military aide June 22 2016 Gen Omar Domingo Rubens Graffigna head of Argentine Air Force 1979-81 Anibal Gordon served as an intelligence agent in SIDE and as an alleged member of AAA Cesar A Guzzetti Argentine Foreign Minister 1976-77 who was injured in an assassination attempt by the Montoneros on May 7 1977 Gen Albano Harguindeguy Argentine Interior Minister 1976 Jose Alfredo Martinez de Hoz Argentine Minister of the Economy 1976-81 Gen lberico Saint Jean the Governor of Buenos Aires province in 1976 who later becomes an official at SIDE Guillermo Walter Klein Minister of the Economy 1976-81 Gen Jose Maria Klix Argentine Air Force General and Defense Minister 1976-78 Gen Carlos Enrique Laidlaw head of SIDE in 1977 Adm Armando Lambruschini Argentine admiral who later served as a member of the junta His daughter was killed by Montoneros guerrillas in September 1978 Juan Ramon Aguirre Lanari Argentine Foreign Minister 1982-83 Adm Juan Joes Lombardo commander of the Mar del Plata naval detention center ltalo A Luder Personal secretary to Isabel Peron 1974-75 Gen Carlos Alberto Martinez chief of Argentine Army Intelligence in 1976 and leader of SIDE in 1977-83 Gen Carlos Guillermo Suarez Mason commander of the Army 1st Corps and later Chairman of the Joint Chiefs He was considered a hard-liner and an architect of counter-terrorism activities Adm Emilio Massera Argentine Naval chief who served as a member of the junta Nicanor Costa Mendez Argentine Foreign Minister 1981-83 Gen Luciano Benjamin Menendez Army 3rd Corps commander 1975-79 he was responsible for counter-terrorism operations in the Cordoba province and advocated harsh tactics to stop opponents Gen Luis Miro Argentine Military attache in Washington DC 1976 Adm Oscar Montes Argentine Naval admiral and Foreign Minister 1977-78 Arnoldo T Musich Argentine Ambassador to the U S 1976 Jorge Muzzio member of Intelligence Battalion 601 Gen Cristino Nicolaides Commander of the Campo de Mayo detention center who later served as a member of the junta and became President after Galteiri was ousted Gustavo Nino alias used by Navy Lt Alfredo Astiz as he infiltrated the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo protest group Gen Edmundo Rene Ojeda deputy chief of the Military Institute in 1979 Alejandro Orfila Argentine Ambassador to the U S and the Organization of American States Otto Paladino head of the Argentinian Intelligence Service SIDE in 1976 Carlos Washington Pastor Argentine Foreign Minister 1978-81 Isabel Martinez de Peron President of Argentina 1974-76 Raul Quijano Argentine Minister of Foreign Affairs and Worship 1976 Jose Lopez Rega served as Minister of Social Welfare in the Peron government and a leader of the Alianze Argentina Communista Leandro Sanchez Reisse accountant in Intelligence Battalion 60 1978-81 who managed property seized from detainees Col Joes Osvaldo Ribeiro Deputy Chief of Army Intelligence 1975-76 June 22 2016 Angel Robledo Argentine Minister of Foreign Affairs and Worship 1975 Col Roberto Roualdes chief aide to 601 Battalion commander Guillermo Suarez Mason Eduardo Alfredo Ruffo also known as Zappa he was an aide to Anibal Gordon and allegedly served in the AAA and served in SIDE Involved in kidnapping children of detainees at the Automotores Orletti detention center Maj Pedro Duran Saenz head of El Vesubio detention center 1975-78 Adolfo M Savino Argentine Defense Minister in 1975 Gen Alberto Alfredo Valin Chief Army Intelligence 1978-81 Alberto Rodriguez Varela Minister of Justice during the dictatorship Rafael Vasquez Argentine Ambassador to the U S 1975 Capt Hector Verges Chief of Army operations in Cordoba province Gen Jorge R Videla Army general who served as a member of the junta and as President between 1976-81 Alberto J Vignes Argentine Minister of Foreign Affairs and Worship 1973-75 Gen Roberto E Viola Army general who served as a member of the Junta and as President in 1981 Christian von Wernich a police catholic chaplain Ricardo Yofre secretary to President Videla Foreign military and intelligence officers operating in Argentina Bolivia May-June 1976 o Raul Tijerina Barrientos o Col Rafael Loaiza o Carlos Mena Burgos Uruguay 1976-78 o Jose Ricardo Arab Fernandez o Col Carlos Calcagno Golero o Hugo Campos Hermida· o Maj Jose Nino Gavazzo Pereira o Manuel juan Cordero Piacentini o Gen Amaury Prantl o Jorge Silveira Quesada Argentine Military and Police Units 5th Army Brigade composed of three mountain infantry regiments that operated in the Tucuman province 29 th Army Infantry Regiment home base in Formosa province was attacked in 1975 601 Intelligence Battalion and Company A Army intelligence unit responsible for counterterrorism Brigada de lnvestigaciones de la Policia de Santa Fe a military unit in Santa Fe province responsible for counter-terrorism actions Brigada de San Justo a military unit in Buenos Aires province responsible for counter-terrorism actions June 22 2016 Centro Piloto Naval Task Force in Paris France that monitored political opponents and exiles in Europe Fuerzas de Tarea also called Grupo de Tarea and Unidades de Tarea military task force units charged with counter-terrorism responsibilities Grupo de Tarea 3 3 2 stationed at the ESMA Naval Base and were responsible for counterterrorism and interrogating prisoners at EMSA Military Intelligence Detachments there were several involved in counter-terrorism and nd rd th th 5 nd rd nd rd st detentions including the 1015 102 103 121 122 123 124 125 141 142 143 th rd nd 5 144th 181st 182 183 201 and 234 • Reunion Central or Reunion Center included seven Task Forces Task Force 1 through Task Force 7 SIDE or Secretaria de lnformaciones de Estado the State Secretariat of information was Argentina's state security service SIE or Servicio de Intelligence del Ejecito the Army Intelligence Service or Army G2 Terms Alianza Argentina Anticommunista Argentina Anticommunism Alliance or AAA right wing para-police organization supporting the dictatorship allegedly led by Jose Lopez Rega Casa de la Juventud a catholic youth organization opposed to the Argentine government Many members are arrested and tortured in November 1978 Cristianos para la Liberacion a catholic youth organization opposed to the Argentine government Many members are arrested and tortured in November 1978 COi COT and COTI acronyms for Center for Intelligence Tactical Operations Center and Tactical Operations and Intelligence Center Condor also known as Operation Condor and Plan Condor terms were used interchangeably o Coordinated plan by the Governments of Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Paraguay and Uruguay to share intelligence conduct counter-terrorism operations and communicate with one another o Other Terms used • Intelligence Sharing • Intelligence Coordination • Intelligence Cooperation • Joint Operation • Military Cooperation Death Flight Disappeared Disappearance and the Spanish term Desaparecido terms used for people who were kidnapped or detained presumably by security forces or their allies whose whereabouts were and often remained unknown ERP People's Revolutionary Army military guerilla group opposed to the dictatorship Grupo de Tarea Exterior also known as Extraterritorial Task Force Argentine intelligence unit based in Florida Inter-American Commission on Human Rights IACHR also known as the Inter-American Human Right Commission IAHRC and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights part of the June 22 2016 Organization of the American States headquartered in Washington D C it was chartered to investigate cases of human rights abuses Joint Forces or Fuerzas Conjuntas task forces jointly operated by military intelligence and security agencies to conduct counter-terrorism operations Junta Coordinadora Revolucionaria JCR also known as the Revolutionary Coordinating Junta International group of Latin American leftist guerilla groups that coordinated across borders in the 1970's Leftists Radicals Subversives and Communists terms used interchangeably by the junta to describe their opponents Montoneros also called MPN a left-wing military guerilla group in the 1970s-80s opponent of the dictatorship Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo or Mad res de la Plaza de Mayo a group of mothers whose sons daughters disappeared who started a weekly protest in the Plaza de Mayo in front of the Casa Rosada the Presidential Palace in 1977 Fifteen members are abducted in December 1977 Organismo Coordinador de Operaciones Antisubversivas OCOA Uruguayan intelligence unit that operated in Argentina Operacion Colombo Chilean military operation in Argentina that results in the May 1975 disappearance of over 100 Chileans Operation Independence or Operacion lndependencia Government military operation in Tucaman province to eliminate the ERP in 1975-76 Operation Mexico a failed Argentine intelligence operation to identify and kidnap Montoneros leaders living in exile in Mexico City in 1978 Operacion Primicia Montoneros military operation in 1975 against the military base in Formosa province MPN Movemiento Peronista Montonero also called Montoneros a left-wing military guerrilla group in the 1970s-80s opposed to the dictatorship People's Revolutionary Army or ERP a military guerilla group opposed to the dictatorship Process for National Reorganization term used to describe military efforts including human rights abuses to consolidate power and form a dictatorship in 1976 La Salette a Catholic religious order that focused its pastoral work in the poor neighborhood in Cordoba Six members including US citizen James Weeks were abducted detained and tortured at La Perla detention center in August 1976 San Patrizio Massacre occurred on July 4 1976 with the murder of three Pallottine Priests and two seminarians by Argentina security forces Southern Cone geographical designation often used in the United States to refer to the military dictatorships in South America during the 1970's-80's Tropas Especiales de Agitacion also known by acronyms TEA and TEI Montoneros Special Agitation Troops and Special Infantry Troops in 1979-80 who sought to infiltrate Argentina and conduct a counter-offensive World Cup played in Argentina in June 1978 Argentina defeated Peru 6-0 to advance to the elimination round Immediately accusations of match-fixing were made including allegations that President Videla agreed to accept Peruvian political prisoners for a victory June 22 2016 Dates and Events January 15 1975- Ford Motor Company showroom in Buenos Aires is bombed January 29 1975 - 14 ERP members arrested for the 1973 kidnapping of Firestone Argentina executive John Thompson February 9 1975 -Argentine Army launches Operacion lndependencia in Tucuman province to eliminate the ERP February 26 1975- US Consular Officer John Patrick Egan is kidnapped by the Montoneros in Cordoba and killed two days later March 9 1975- US is informed by Argentine intelligence of a plan to kidnap the US ambassador June 6 1975 - Legal attache Robert Scherrer receives a report on the arrest of Jorge Fuentes Chile MIR leader and Amilcar Santucho Argentine ERP leader in Paraguay July 11 1975 -Jose Lopez Rega resigns as Minister of Social Welfare July 1975 -119 Chilean exiles and dissidents disappear or are killed in Operacion Colombo an early joint military operation by Chilean and Argentine forces in what will become Operation Condor August 27 1975 - President Isabel Peron appoints Gen Jorge Videla as head of the Army October 5 1975 - airline hijacking by Montoneros and attack on military base in Formosa province October 7 1975- President Isabel Peron issues Executive Order 2770 creating the Internal Security Council ISC and the National Defense Council NOC and giving the military authority over internal security October 11 1975 - President Gerald Ford receives an intelligence briefing indicating the possibility of a military coup in Argentina November 1 1975 - French citizen Jean Yves Claudet a Chilean activist and opponent of Pinochet is arrested at his hotel in Buenos Aires and disappears November 25- December 1 1975 Operation Condor agreed to Intelligence services from Southern Cone countries meet in Santiago Chile under the invitation and leadership of Manuel Contreras the head of the Chilean intelligence service and agree to share intelligence in what will become known as Operation Condor December 28 1975 - Montoneros leader Roberto Quieto is captured by the Argentine military and disappears February 1976 - Otto Paladino named head of SIDE March 2 1976-Adm Emilio Massera Gen Jorge Videla and Adolfo Tortola the Arch-bishop of Parana meet to plan the coup March 11 1976 CIA Director George H W Bush meets with President Ford and as part of his briefing notes the possibility for a coup in Argentina March 24 1976 - Isabel Peron deposed in a military coup and placed under house arrest in a small town in the province of Neuquen Jorge Videla is named President March-April 1976 - U S approves $48 million in foreign military assistance for the new Argentine government April 2 1976-Argentine citizen Graciela Rutila Artes and her 9-month old daughter Carla are kidnapped in Oruro Bolivia as part of Operation Condor and sent to the Orletti detention center Graciela is killed while her daughter is adopted by an intelligence officer at the Orletti detention center Eduardo Ruffo June 22 2016 April 10 1976-Argentine military arrest Chilean exile and opposition leader Edgardo Enriquez Espinoza and other Chilean opposition members in Argentina He is sent to El Olimpo Campo de Mayo and ESMA before handed over to the Chilean intelligence service April 30 1976-Gwenda Mae Lopez a US citizen is arrested and detained at the Rosario detention center May 1976 Gen Roberto Viola issues a secret order restructuring the armed forces to focus on counter-terrorism and a military campaign to deal with it May 4 1976 -Argentine write Haroldo Conti is kidnapped at his home in Buenos Aires and disappears May 5 1976- US citizen Mercedes Naveiro Bender is detained by security forces Under US Embassy pressure she is released two days later May 14 1976- Monica Mignone is detained by Argentine police and her case is publicized in the IACHR May 18 1976 - Zelmar Michelini and Hector Guitierrez Ruiz former Uruguayan legislators living in exile in Buenos Aires are kidnapped and found murdered two days later May 24 1976- US citizen Elida Messina coordinator of the Fulbright Commission in Argentina is abducted by Argentinian police Under US Embassy pressure and Amb Hill's intervention she is released three days later May 27 1976-Amb Hill presents a demarche to the Argentine government over human rights abuses May 27 1976-Argentine filmmaker Reymundo Gleyzer is kidnapped and disappears Late May 1976 - the Intelligence services of the Condor Countries meet in Santiago and agree to establish a joint intelligence database and a communications network June 3 1976 exiled Bolivian President Juan Jose Torres is found murdered in Buenos Aires June 8 1976 - Uruguayan labor leader Geraldo Gatti and other Uruguayan members of the Uruguayan Resistencia Obero-Estudantil ROE are abducted in Buenos Aires June 9 1976 -Argentine Catholic Commission on Immigration office is ransacked and records relating to thousands of immigrants are stolen Two days later 26 immigrants f om Uruguay and Chile are abducted June 10 1976- US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger meets with Argentine Foreign Minister Cesar Guzzetti in Santiago July 1 1976- Patricio Biedma Schadewaldt an exiled member of the Chilean MIR opposition party is arrested in Argentina and held at the Orletti detention center and disappears July 4 1976 - Argentine police kill three Pallottine Catholic priests Alfredo Kelly Alfredo Leaden and Pedro Dufau and two seminarians Salvadore Barbeito and Emilio Berletti in what becomes known as the San Patrizio Massacre July 13 1976- 30 Uruguayan exiles are kidnapped in Buenos Aires and taken to the Orletti detention center July 19 1976- Mario Roberto Santucho leader of the ERP is killed in a military raid and other ERP leaders are captured and detained at Campo de Mayo August 1976-Argentine military begins joint counter-terrorism training exercises with Condor countries in Buenos Aires August 1976 -Argentine intelligence informs the US that its intelligence indicates the ERP is targeting US military advisor Lloyd Gracey for assassination June 22 2016 August 3 1976- US Citizen and priest James Martin Weeks is arrested and detained with five seminary students Under US Embassy pressure he is released three weeks later August 20 1976-30 people are killed in a massacre in Pilar in Buenos Aires province August 23 1976 -The Department of State instructs its Ambassadors in Southern Cone countries to issue demarches about Operation Condor and the need to respect human rights August 26 1976- US citizen Marta Alicia Panero is arrested in Cordoba and her sister Maria Susana Panero is arrested a week later September 13 1976- US citizen Patricia A Erb is abducted from her family's home in Buenos Aires Under U S Embassy pressure she is released the next month October 1976 and expelled from Argentina She publicizes the names of many people she knew from her detention September 15-17 1976 -Argentine military officials led by Gen Roberto Viola meet with Brazilian militl lry officials to discuss intelligence matters September 24 1976- SIDE and Uruguayan security officers conduct a counter-terorrism raid in Buenos Aires against exiled militant Uruguayan group OPR-33 All members are killed or disappear September 29 1976 - Five members of the Montoneros leadership are killed in a raid in Buenos Aires including Maria Victoria Hilda Walsh the daughter of Argentine writer Roberto Walsh October - November 1976 - President Videla visits Southern Cone countries Bolivia Chile Paraguay and Peru Declassified CIA reports describe his visit to Chile as one to discuss counter-terrorism cooperation October 6-7 1976-Argentine Deputy Foreign Minister meets Secretary of State Kissinger and Deputy Secretary Robinson November 4 1976-Argentine exiles Claudio and Lila Epelbaum are kidnapped in Punta del Este Uruguay December 1976 - The US State Department rejects a munitions export license for SIDE based on human rights abuses December 6 1976 - former Brazilian President Joao Goulart dies in Argentina December 13 1976 - In what has become known as the Margarita Belen Massacre 22 Montoneros prisoners killed while transporting them to a different prison December 13-16 1976-According to a declassified CIA cable representatives from the intelligence services of Operation Condor countries meet in Buenos Aires to discuss future plans Early 1977 - Gen Otto Paladino head of SIDE and his deputies Adcel Vilas Juan A Buasso and Rodolfo C Mujica are replaced February 9 1977- Paraguayan opposition leader Dr Augustin Goiburu is kidnapped in Argentina and disappears March 1977- US Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights Patricia Derian visits Buenos Aires and meets with Argentine leaders US embassy officials and others March 24 1977 - Argentine writer Rudolfo Walsh published a letter denouncing the Argentine government March 25 1977-Walsh is killed by the Argentine military April 1 1977 - Edgardo Sajon editor of the la Opinion newspaper is kidnapped and disappears April 15 1977 - la Opinion editor Jacobo Timerman is kidnapped by armed men and then held as prisoner at Campo de Mayo and other detention centers Argentine security forces also June 22 2016 arrest the deputy editor Enrique Jara and many writers and journalists associated with his newspaper most are killed or disappear May 7 1977 - Montoneros guerillas i_njure Argentine Foreign Minister Guzzetti in an assassination attempt in Buenos Aires June 22 1977 - Jacobo Kovadloff the head of the American Jewish Committee in Buenos Aires and his family leave Argentina for New York after receiving death threats August 13-16 1977 - Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs Terence Todman visits Buenos Aires and meets with Argentine government officials including President Videla Minister of Economy Martinez de Hoz Minister of Foreign Affairs Montes and Argentine Supreme Court justices He also meets with labor and political leaders August 27 1977- Five members of the Deutsch family are arrested in Cordoba September 1977-Argentine and Paraguayan intelligence leaders meet in Ascuncion Paraguay September 6-9 1977- President Videla visits the United States and meets with President Carter on September 7 Carter asks Videla about Jacobo Timerman and the Deutsch family and informs Videla that human rights groups are compiling a list of names of people who have disappeared or are in prison November 1977 - Nineteen members of the Ceramic Workers Union from the Lozadur and Cattaneo factories are abducted November 20-22 1977- US Secretary of State Cyrus Vance visits Buenos Aires and meets with President Videla and other Argentine leaders and gives the list of the names to President Videla December 8-11 1977 - Fifteen members of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo are abducted at the Santa Cruz Church including founder Azucena Villaflor de Vicenti and two French nuns and disappear st January 1978 - Mexican police arrest Argentinian intelligence agents from the 121 Intelligence Battalion in Mexico City They are expelled for spying on Montoneros exiles April 10 1978 - US Ambassador Raul Castro issues a demarche to Argentine President Videla about the disappeared members of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo and the two French nuns April 10 1978 - Horacio Domingo Maggio a Montoneros leader escapes from the ESMA detention center and writes US Ambassador Raul Castro informing him of the torture taking place there and names prisoners including Swedish citizen Dagmar Hagelin French nuns Alice Dornon and Renee Duquet journalist Enrique Jara and Amb Hector Manuel Hidalgo Sola June 24 1978- Henry Kissinger visits Buenos Aires to watch a World Cup soccer match and the Associated Press reports on statements Kissinger makes denouncing President Carter's human rights policies July 28 1978 - Chilean Communist party leader Cristina Carreno is arrested in Argentina and disappears Fall 1978- Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs David Newsom visits Argentina September 1978 - Vice President Mondale meets with President Videla in Rome for the convocation of Pope John Paul I November 29 1978-Argentine policy arrest 60 members of two catholic youth organizations December 28 1978 - An Argentine diplomat on assignment in Paris France Elena Holmberg Lanusse daughter of former President Alejandro Lanusse is kidnapped by Argentine military forces and found dead in Buenos Aires June 22 2016 August 1979 - State Department instructs Us Embassy in Buenos Aires to investigate disappearances and secret detention centers August 3-14 1979 - Several high-profile opponents of the Argentine government including members of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo are abducted and disappear September 12 1979 -Amelia Adriana Lesgart a Montoneros leader who has infiltrated Argentina as part of its TEA counteroffensive is captured and disappears September 17 1979 - two other Montoneros leaders Daniel Armando Croatto and Horacio Alberto Mendizabal who have infiltrated Argentina as part of its TEA counteroffensive are killed by security forces September 20 1979-the IACHR visits Buenos Aires and the ESMA prison rd September 28 1979 - Gen Viola fires Gen Menendez as commander of the 3 Army Corps October 30 1979 -Argentine intelligence officers assault three US embassy employees November- December 1979-Argentine intelligence and military begin to advise Central American counties on counter-terrorism policies December 3 1979 - Robert Cox publisher of the Buenos Aires Herald flees Argentina after death threats April 7 1980-The US embassy receives information from an Argentine intelligence source about several counter-terrorism activities and operations including one where Montoneros leaders Horacio Campiglia and Monica Susana Pinus de Binstock are captured in Rio de Janeiro and returned to Argentina The source also informs the US Embassy of the location of Thelma Jara de Cabezas a leader of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo protest group who was detained in April 1979 and sent to ESMA June 12 - July 21 1980 - Three Argentine citizens Julia Inez Santos de Acabal Julio Cesar Ramirez and Noemi Esther Gianetti de Molfino are kidnapped in Lima Peru in a joint operation between Peruvian and Argentine intelligence services Gianetti's body in found in Madrid Spain on July 21 August 27 1980- former Paraguayan Communist party leader Antonio Maidana and Emilio Roa are abducted in Buenos Aires October 1980 - Argentine intelligence begins planning the assassination of former Bolivian President Hernan Siles Suazo February 24-25 1981-Along with US Ambassador Harry Shlaudeman Gen Vernon Walters meets separately with President Videla President-elect Viola Foreign Minsiter Pastor and then with the three Argentine military chiefs Gen Galtieri Army Gen Graffigna Air Force and Adm Lambruschini Navy in Buenos Aires to discuss possible Argentine military assistance to El Salvador February 28 1981- Emiglio Mignone is arrested and his Center for Legal and Social Studies office is raided after he testifies in Geneva before the United Nations Human Rights Commission He is released six days later following international pressure March 15-18 1981- President Roberto Viola and other Argentine government officials visit the United States and meets with President Reagan on March 17 June 1981- US Army Chief of Staff Gen Edward C Meyer visits Buenos Aires and meets with Gen Galtieri and other Argentine military leaders June 22 2016 August 1981- Gen Galtieri visits the United States and meets with Gen Edward Meyer CIA Director William Casey and National Security Advisor Richard V Allen to discuss Argentine assistance to help counter-terrorism efforts in Central America December 22 1981- Gen Leopoldo Galtieri becomes the President of Argentina Places Argentine Naval Mechanical School also known as Escuela Superior de Mechanica de la Armada A Navy detention center in Buenos Aires Automotores Orletti also known as El Jardin the Garden and Tactical Operation Center 18 a detention center in Buenos Aires operated by the State Secretariat of Information SIDE Housed many foreign prisoners Campo de Mayo Army base for the 601st Intelligence Battalion that served detention center in Buenos Aires province 1976-80 that held up to 3 500 prisoners and was used to transport detainees to the Paraguay border Caseros Prison prison outside of Buenos Aires that held mostly political prisoners Centro de Operaciones Tacticas I Martinez also known as COT a detention center in Buenos Aires province from 1976-79 Club Athletico an Army detention center in Buenos Aires near the Presidential Palace Coordinacion Federal the police headquarters in Buenos Aires Devoto Prison La Esquelita de Bahia Blanco a detention center in Buenos Aires province from 1976-78 La Escuelita de Famailla a detention center in Tucuman province set up in 1975 that held up to 1 500 prisoners Escuela de Mecanica de la Armada Argentine Naval School for Mechanical Engineering that served as a detention and torture center ESMA acronym for the Escuela Superior de Mecanica de la Armada also known as the Navy Mechanics School a naval school and base that also served as a detention and torture center Ford Motors General Pacheco Plant part of the plant was allegedly used by the Argentine Army as a detention camp 1976-78 Formosa Province province with an Army Barracks raided by Montoneros in 1975 Hospital Militar in Cordoba province that served as a detention center in 1976-77 Mansion Sere also known as Quinta de Sere in Buenos Aires province served as a detention center for up to 500 detainees between 1976-1978 Olimpo an Air Force detention center in 1978-79 La Perla also known as the University an Army detention center in Cordoba province La Plate Prison also known as La Plata Prison Pozo de Quilmes also known as Chupadero Malvinas a detention center in Buenos Aires province from 1975-78 Pozo de Banfield a detention center in Buenos Aires province 1976-78 La Ribera a detention center in Cordoba province from 1975-77 San Miguel de Tucaman largest town in Tucaman province and home base for ERP province that saw earliest reports counter-terrorism activity and detentions June 22 2016 Santa Cruz Catholic Church 11 members of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo protest group are abducted on December 8 1978 and disappear El Silencio a prison on a secluded island once belonging to Catholic church officials Prisoners were moved to this prison from ESMA for a IACHR visit in September 1979 Tactical Operations Center I Martinez CHOTI Martinez operated by SIDE Universidad Nacional de Tucuman a detention center in Tucaman province in 1976 El Vesubio also known as La Ponderosa a detention center in Buenos Aires province 1975-78 that previously served as a camp for the para-military group Argentina Anti-communist Alliance List of Terms from the Government of Argentina Air Force Argentine Naval Mechanical School ESMA Army First Corps Buenos Aires Primer Cuerpo de Ejercitoen Buenos Aires Army Intelligence Battalion 601 Batallion 601 de lntelligencia de Ejercito Army Reunion Center Centro de Reunion de Ejercito Buenos Aires Province Police Policia de la Provincia de Buenos Aires Campo De Mayo Child kidnapping Children born in captivity Complaint Condor Counter insurgency Counterterrorism Detention Center Dicta to rsh i p Dirty War Disappeared ESMA Executions Exile Family Members Federal Police Human Rights Intelligence operations Junta Kidnapping La Perla Military Intelligence Detachment 121 Rosario Detachamento de lntelligencia Militar 121 Rosario Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo Navy Operation Condor Press Reports June 22 2016 Repression Roberto Bravo Secret Services School of the Americas SIDE Secretaria de lntelligencia de Estado Tactical Operations Center I Martinez Tactical Operation 1 Operaciones Tacticas 1 Tactical Operation 18 Operaciones Tacticas 18 Torture Victims World Cup there is possible reaction to press reports of human rights abuses and reaction to Montoneros car bombs