• • DECLAsSIFIED Ul1lodt-J Y • REPRODUCED AT TH£ NATIONAL vtypri VtC 17I 1 LAk- ARCHI VES NARA 0 rr J J h ·s · sdd S3rdo I # 8V t DA fAO M _• u u is • - ' • JCS TO Re i - JCZ D1 Ct 1tut c n USCINCEUR TOP SECRET JCS JACE not necessary From JCS 8305 This is an advance copy of SM-100-63 PART I together with its Appendix PART II approved by the J CS • on 18 January 1963 PART I i I Subject 11 AL 35 1s DAIN - - SM-100- 63 710 Rationale of the JUPITER Dec 1sion S 1 Reference is made to a USCINCEUR message ALO 35 to the Joint Chiefs of Staff dated 11 January 1963 b Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff message JCS 8205 to USNMR dated 12 January 1963 11 2 The Joint Chiefs of Staff agree that it 1s important that there be a common understanding of the reasons for the JUPITER decision Accordi ngly the appended rationale behind the decision to remove the I JUPITER missiles from Italy and Turkey is provided for Jan SYMDOL SIGHA'T'UA 4 • • - ··-- · - - o JCS J-5 R l 1 - fl - - - -M - - -T-ffl - s -· -n - - • -u- -••- - - t ------1 f 1-TT t-D- o- - -m - r •- - - - -TI_Tl_C--- ------- Col T E Tel zrow USAF £ - - - · - -- -'--- • -•--• ---- r-'-- -- --- --1 A • • · ' • LI J ih PAC C NR l l'ltt or PAGU 5 S • 1 i-----'- - '- ''--'------''---- ---'---'---'---l £ sccu•1TYcws111CAroo• R Downgradad to CONAOENTIAt t'- _ 1 · c••• •-' • 1• th • • _ Jobt hi f i f1 - 4 '--' U PAGE 1 0001 f DECLASSIFIED £PRODUCED AT TH£ NATIONAL ARCHIVES Uy JMJ 'Jy c r LA4J NARA 'Oafs 1 JlJ you to draw upon as appropriate in t o dr e w - -- upun Ull O p ' '' ''-· 1n l • •- 1 · •H ••· _ 1 - Turkish and Italian authorities and 1n ehe Noreti Council 3 A detailed analysis of the targeting implications incident to the withdrawal of the JUPITER missiles is being conducted by the Joint Chiefs of Staff report will e forwarded to you A copy While a great the information contained therein is highly sensitive it may prove useful to you Appendix to SM-1OO-63 RATIONALE BEHIND THE JUFI'l'ER DECISION S l In the light of recent decisions the process of revitalizing and modernizing the nuclear defense capathe NATO Alliance has begun The United States envisages a staged evolution toward an effective multilateral NATO force integrating nuclear forces assigned to SACEUR with eventual control and manning a rrangements in which TUrkey and Italy as wel l as other would participate The precise form and timing of this evolution are not yet certain but it is ob jective of the train of events started at 2 While many basic steps toward imp - -ovement f t he ' f 0 m clea - posture will require time for technical 2 - - -angements there are certain steps which can be taken I r Downgraded to CONFHJEH A JCS 8305 TOP SECRET PAGE 2 DECLASSIFIED kno Mv099 l'7 I v l Al4-J NARA REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES Oate1 Jh in the near future to implement the program One such in the neo r uturc co 1 mpl emc ot tho progra m step 1s the substitution or more modern weapon systems for the existing JUPITERs now stationed i n Turkey and Italy ti 3 The liquid- fueled JUPITER missile is a soft con- figured relatively vulnerable first generation missile which is being succeeded by more effective missiles cur -ently' in the US inventory one of which is now available for assignment to SACEUR to meet NATO requirements This is the solid-fueled POLARIS a system which would J meet the NATO requirements now covered by the JUPITERs and which was committed to Alliance ·purposes by the US Secretary of Defense at Athens in May of last year While it is recognized that the JUPITERs in Italy and Turkey have performed a critical role in deterring agg -ession against the Alliance they like all other I weapons eventually reach obsolescence The United States feels that the JUPI TER system should be replaced before it is outmoded JUPITER • Operational System Reliability CEP Yiel d 55 2 NM 1 45 MT 05 5 Survivability Warning Warning POLARIS A-2 70 1 5 NM 5 MT 1 0 1 0 D1wngrar1 ' to CONFIDENn l JCS 8305 TOP SECRET PAGE 3 0000 DECLASSIFIED '° c 7 REPRODUCED AT TH£ NATIONAL ARCH IVES LA NARA oarei Jh - ·T· · 4 In 1952- wl en the was · •· NAtrO idec isd o made to install 4 i i9s7 these missiles they a1ong w1th the THORs were the on1y suitable ballistic missiles the Alli ance had ready for operation Although they helped greatly to build up our ear y ballistic missile strength in light of rapid advances in technology and the accelerating growth of missile forces they are no longer a major part of the total missile strength available to the Alliance The relative vulnerability of the JUPITER missile makes it a high priority target for an enemy first strike in a period of tension 5 In contrast the POLARIS missile system is far less vulnerable The replacement of the JUPITERs by the POLARIS missile system will provide the NATO Alliance with a more secure more e 'fective nuclear force with a significant growth potential 6 The United States recognizes·that the replacement of JUPITER missiles by POLARIS submarines in the Mediterranean coupled with the phase- out of the THOR missiles will reduce by 102 the over- all nuclear potential otherwise available to the West As t affects NATO some reduction will be offset by the increase during t his I year from 350 to·approximately 800 US operation f 5trategic ballistic missiles some of which will be assigned to NATO targets Thus despite the JUPITER and DowngraditJ to TOP SECRET CONFID£NT1A1 u 1 11·1tu blhOltty Y REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES MvQ wc 'r r l A'4-J NARA Date w h_ THOR phaseout there wili be a sharp increase in the '·•- --- 'P- ·- THCR phase- out there w1 1 i 1 ··b --•h rp total number of nuclear missiles available to the Alliance dur1ns this calendar year 7 Since the specifics of the withdrawal of the JU ITER missiles have not been agreed among the nations it is premature to present the precise nature of the targ·eting measures required to compens te for the withHowever it may be assumed that there will be reduction in the present expectation of timely damage the ACE targets presently covered by the JUPITERs COMMENT In forwarding this rationale to SECDEF the JCS have suggested addition f poli t i cal and economic factors order to devel op a broad based government position accepted this recJmmendati on will result in chang s and additions which will be forwarded tJ you Gp-3 ·-' - I JCS 8305 - - - NMCC-2 NWSB JWRA -1 USRSG•3 RRA-1 CNO CSAF CMC CSA DCSOP - •