urrent Class Current Handling N0B±-B-GNb¥ PAGE 01 STATE ORIGIN NODS-00 INFO LOG-·oo 020413 ADS-00 222057Z 000R 66011 DRAFTED BY S S WRPEARSON APPROVED BY S S WRPEARSON S 8-0 SWO ------------------935713 0 222043Z JAN 93 ZFFS FM SECSTATE WASHDC INFO NSC WASHDC IMMEDIATE 0000 · CIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE 0000 222058Z 38 S -E-e- rz -r STATE 020413 DECAPTIONED NSC FOR LAKE CIA FOR STUDEMAN FOLLOWING LIMA 00756 DATED 22 JAN 93 SENT ACTION SECSTATE REPEATED FOR YOUR INFO QUOTE _s-E-e-R---E- P LIMA 0 O7 5 6 N0B I -£ E O 12356 TAGS DECL OADR PGOV PTER PINS SNAR PHUM PE S·Be-RB f- PAGE 02 SUJBECT STATE 020413 2220572 ct E @ti y'fti Y jcoMMENTs oN FUJIMORI MONTESINOS BUT NOT ON BARRIOS ALTOS 1 s-ECRE' E' - 2 SUMMARY- E N T I ' R E T E X T -- - -- ' 7- - --- -s - - -- J7°- - TT t GENERAL 'tof r o· ·vrtiAi ' ERE EkEdk1i' rty ' i r i i ttii iii TO SENDERO 'LUMINOSO LEADER · ABIMAEL GUZMANJS '' - ° CAP E' _iiPEAKING· 81rdft6USLY- · ·VIDAi '·coNClffiR D · i ' 1 THAT PRESIDENT FUJIMORI HAS A GOOD THEORETICAL Current Class El€R R' P UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE REVIEW AUTHORITY APPEALS REVIEW PANEL APPEAL ACTION RELEASED IN FULL DATE CASE ID 22 NOV 2010 200605715 -1- Jl -' - - L b 1· •' t r C j --- -·current Class· S-Be-R-IIT Cti rertt Handling NODlS-pNLY -UNCLASSIFIED UNDERSTANDING OF THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN PRACTICE HOWEVER FUJIMORI IS PREPARED TO SACRIFICE PRINCIPLES TO ACHIEVE A QUICK VICTORY OVER TERRORISM CHARACTERIZED PRESIDENTIAL ADVISOR VLADIMIRO MONTESINOS AS CONSUMED BY AMBITION THE FUJIMORI MONTESINOS TEAM IS GOVERNED BY AN OBSESSION FOR QUICK RESULTS THAT '¥i-PiU CHI F• i J trnVELOPIN G_THE •PROGRAM THA'J'RESlJLT ED_ J N · ' ' THE 'C APTPRE_ 0F_•·_s1 ·-_LEADER·--GUZMAN _AND·•oTHER TOP FIGURES IN TflS TERRORTST ORGANIZATION • CHARGE S AID USG RECOGNIZED THE bANGER THAT MOVEMENTS ··Lr KE sL'R EPRESENT NoT ONLY FOR PERU'BUT FOR THE ·REGION IN hENERAL WHILE-- -coMMUNISM A WORLD· MOVEMENT APPEARS • THE SOCIAL CRISIS TN MANY uATJ i AMERICAN COUNTRIES REMAINS FERTILE GROUND DE AD As· Current Class g UNCLASSIFIED 1 - y v ifig i fu dr tf 6 ri IDNS 1'N' 'fHE · COUNTER- '· 5 _ ' j ··' i t- · 1 - _ '' - ' ' ' ' 1 1 t 11 •· TERROR SM POLIC ' E·' s - J'ew_ - '_ ' - - 1 1 · 1 •-r j 1 - ·_ - 'i '' _ ' '- -ORE HE·• J ' OOK '' CHARGE' OVER ONE 'ti l litiwjll i j b t E · • 0 ·WUSE ' QF _ PRISONER'S I'0 1EXIT1RAC'I' INFO MATION WAS · _iC0 1tiJ pt 9 ' 9 1 9f t¥ sl § t #i 1iVi8D i T J R _ - ' •• pos ITICJNS EOR ' - · - ' - ''- l ERS ONAE C @NRIGHMENT• -'c' · -i' ' •ii _ tr' • -1 • 7 - '' i •'' ' - r_ ' ' -THE _-- · - • ' - 1' _ ' MOST ' '•• ' ' ' • GOMMQN f CA L'lWA 'TG foE I 'Rl 8 l' frBRIBES' FGR' THE •·• - ··• il i l 11 ii l i Ei 0 M c GGMM E Tl 'JEN T F0R · MORE ' RBSQTJRCES f CO ETHER ·_ WITH · y · s 1 tft r ti iYl lt #qy 1 r · fJ HE · KEY ' To · - CREATI1NG •'AN -' EREEC-T-I V1E'' B• 0NCOTE er ·- · ' itJ iil t iiij tif iit ·• i VIEWED THIS AS THE BEST RECRUITING MECHANISM SENDERO LUMINOSO HAD EVERY ABUSED PERSON HE SAID RESULTS IN TEN NEW RECRUITS FOR SL FUJIMORI AND PAGE 05 HUMAN RIGHTS STATE 020413 - _--- UNCLAss Y Current Class -S·RCRET' Current Handling NGB-I% ON LY _ - --- ' - 2220572 7 CHARGE SAiD HE HAD THE IMPRESSION THAT PRESIDENT FUJIMORI UNDERSTOOD THIS TRUTH AND WAS APPLYING IT IN PRACTICE CERTAINLY FUJIMORI 1 S DISCUSSION OF THE ISSUE WITH US AND HIS PUBLIC SPEECHES REFLE T A CONPREHENSION OF THE DAMAGE Current Class SEC ET UNCLASSIFIED Current Handling J -8--0NLY HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS DO TO A GOVERNMENT'S OVERALL STRATEGY ALTHOUGH CERTAIN CONTINUING PRACTICES INDICATE THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAS NOT DONE ENOUGH TO ROOT OUT THE BAD PRACTICES OF THE PAST CHARGE ASKEDj lI D l µ_ f F HE AGREED WITH THIS 8 j VIDAL SAID HE AGREED THAT FUJIMORI SHOWS A GOOD UNDERSTAND NG OF THE THEORY IN PRACTICE HOWEVER HE IS GOVERNED BY OTHER CONSIDERATIONS bMIDA r - ' ' AID THAT FUJIMORI IS ABSOLUTELY COMMITTED TO DESTROYING SENDERO LUMINOSO AND THE MRTA WITHIN HIS FIVE YEAR TERM AND IS PREPARED TO COUNTENANCE ANY METHODS THAT ACHIEVE-THAT GOAL THE PRESIDENT HE SAID IS CONVINCED THAT THE ONLY WAY TO ERADICATE SL IS BY PHYSICALLY ELIMINATING THE MEMERS OF THE ORGANIZATION OVERALL GOVERNMENT COUNTERTERRORISM POLICY REFLECTS THIS j ' V J PAJKICALLED THIS VIEW MISGUIDED SENDERO LUMINOSO IS A DEEPLY ROOTED MOVEMENT AND CANNOT BE QUICKLY DEFEATED IT HAS BEEN BADLY HURT BY THE REVERSES OF THE PAST YEAR BUT-COULD EASILY EVOLVE INTO SOMETHING_ EQUALLY DANGEROUS SUCH AS A PURELY TERRORIST ORGANIZATION-BASED ON SMALL SEeRE'i PAGE 06 _STATE 020413 222057Z HARD TO DETECT CELLS CONSISTENT LONG TERM ·POLICY APPROACHES· ARE NEEDED TO ATTACK IT ·NOT · QUICK FIXES CHANGES IN STATISTICS 9 CHARGE AsKEn·f·if'§fB F0 f€ 1I 1 s -' IExPLANATioN oF WHY HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES DECLINED NUMERICALLY FROM MID-1991 NOTING THAT MANY·BELIEVE THAT THIS CHANGE REFLECTS A CONSCIOUS DECISION ON THE PART OF FUJIMORI - h' eVif' PM S - n 'HE t IAIN REASON IS THAT TERROR ST ACTIVITY BEGAN TO DECL°INE IN THIS PERIOD IN HIS VIEW SL THE MAIN SOURCE OF VIOLENCE SUFFERED THE EFFECTS OF TOO RAPID A GROWTH IN THE LATE 1980'S FROM A FEW HUNDRED ACTIVISTS IT BALLOONED TO THOUSANDS COMMAND AND CONTROL CONSEQUENTLY SUFFERED Al'm THE GROUP LOST A GOOD PART OF ITS STRATEGIC THRUST ALSO INTERNAL EVENTS IN SL SUCH AS THE MYSTERIOUS DEATH OF ABIMAEL GUZMAN'S WIFE COMRPwE NORAH THOUGHT BY MANY TO HAVE BEEN KILLED BY GUZMAN · Current Class SEGFd3-P- UNCLASSIFIED p · ·i ' B F•1 r F -· t ··'· 1• L - J ' JiB UNCLASSIFIED ·current Class SECRET Current Handling NBB rS ONLY AND THE FAMOUS 11 ZORBA THE GREEK VIDEO WHICH SHOWED GUZMAN TO BE A LIBE RTINE CREATED DISSENTION THAT UNDERMINED SL'S COHESION AND EFFECTIVENESS j 'v rDAJ ONCEDED THAT INTERNATIONAL PRESSURE ON HUMAN RIGHTS ALSO LED THE SECURITY FORCES TO EXERCISE GREATER CONTROL TO LIMIT INDESCRIMINATE ABUSES MONTESINOS BLIND AMBITION Si rGR E-T PAGE 07 STATE 020413 2220572 10 1 vlJ A L sEEF IE · tirGirI t$i-l 1HE HAD sArn ENOUGH AND WAS PREPARING TO LEAVE WHEN CHARGE ASKED HIM HOW HE SAW THE ROLE OF VLADIMIRO MONTESiNos PRESIDENT FUJIMORI'S ADVISOR IN THE COUNTERTERRORISM PROGRAMS OF THE GOVERNMENT MONTESINOS IS FUJIMORI'S INTELLIGEN E COORDINATOR 11 VIDAL SAID HE HAS KNOWN MONTESINOS SINCE ADOLESCENCE i THEY REMAINED IN DISTANT TOUCH OVER THE YEARS THAT MONTESINOS WAS RISING IN THE MILITARY HE ALWAYS SHOWED A DESIRE TO ASSOCIATE HIMSELF WITH POWER VIDAL S AIQ rjAND IN THE 1970 1 S WAS CLOSE TO THE TOP MILITARY FIGURES 0F THE VELASCO REGIME HE WAS CASHIERED FROM THE ARMY FOR REASONS THAT ARE OBSCURE TO ME 11 VIDAL SAID MONTESINOS THEN DROPPED OUT OF r SIGHT ti 9t t i i fi1iiftf ltr Ifrii t t t si Yk t FRO$ TijEiji VIDAL' $AT Qj MONTESINOS WAS FOCUSED ON ONE THING POWER BOTH POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC HE WAS INTELLIGENT ARTICULATE AND ABLE AND BEGAN HIS SUCCESSFUL LAW CAREER TAKING CLIENTS WHO COULD PAY THE MOST THIS LED HIM TO DRUG TRAFFICKERS WHO ALWAYS PAID WELL MONTESINOS ALSO CULTIVATED USEFUL POLITICAL CONNECTIONS WHICH IN THIS PERIOD MEANT AMONG THE APRISTAS S·Ee E E'- PAGE 08 STATE 020413 2220572 WHO WERE THEN IN POWER ONE OF HI$ KEY ALLIES WAS A PUBLIC PROSECUTOR HUGO DENEGR i _ WHO WAS ' ' Current Class SBGR El4 - UNCLASSIFIED I -f ' 1 Current Class S£C-R- T Current Handling Neri-rs--- ONLY PARTICULARLY USEFUL TO MONTESINOS IN FIXING DRUG CASES IN THE COURTS AFTER APRIL 5 FUJIMORI TRIED TO MAKE DENEGRI ATTORNEY GENERAL BUT WAS FORCED TO BACK OFF DUE TO THE MAN'S POOR REPUTATION IN THIS PERIOD MONTESINOS ALSO ONE OF HIS REBUILT HIS TIES TO THE MILITARY KEY POINTS OF ENTRY WAS VIA THE DEFENSE OF GENERAL JOSE VALDIVIA DU NAS THE OFFICER RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CAYARA MASSACRE AND COVERUP 13 IN 1990 AS THE GARCIA GOVERNMENT DREW TO A CLOSE MONTESINOS LOOKED FOR NEW CONNECTIONS _ HIS APPROACH TO THE MARIO VARGAS LLOSA CAMP WAS · VARGAS THOUGHT HE WAS A SHOE-IN AND REBUFFED HAD NO NEED FOR MONTESINOS MONTESINOS THEN HIT ON ALBERTO FUJIMORI VIA A MUTUAL FRIEND FRANCISCO LOAYZA ONCE LOAYZA WAS USED MONTESINOS GOT RID OF HIM IN TYPICAL FASHION IVID - A' Tp_ jMlu ING A GESTURE LIKE FLICKING AWAY A CIGARETTE BUTT 14 FUJIMORI NEVER IMAGINED OR PLANNED FOR -- THE HEAVY RESPONSIBILITX THAT FELL TO HIM IN 1990 VTDAii slSAID HE WAS TOTALLY UNPREPARED IN TERMS OF A NATIONAL POLICY OR POLITICAL BASE TO CARRY ONE OUT CAMBIO-90 HIS PARTY WAS THROWN TOGETHER OVERNIGHT AND HAD NO CONSISTENCY ENTER MONTESINOS ACCORDING TO lVIDl L t · I SBeRB--'F- ' - PAGE 09 STATE 020413 222057Z MONTESINOS OFFERED FUJIMORI THE ARMY AS HIS POLITICAL BASE · THAT HE SAID HAS BEEN THE STORY OF THE FUJIMORI GOVERNMENT g s E D E o oA T R d31'' ·l AND CONCEPTION HE IS ACTION ORIENTED WANTS TO GET IN THIS HE AND FUJIMORI THINGS DONE QUICKLY ARE NEARLY IDENTICAL IN ADDRESSING THE SENDERO PROBLEM THEjTHROW IDEAS AT IT WITHOUT THINKING THROUGH THE CONSEQUENCES OR A STRATEGIC SCOPE IAB AN'INTELLIGENCE PROFESS IONAL VIDALICLEARLY 'DID NOT HAVE A HIGH OPINION OF THE MORE POLITICALLY GEARED FUJIMORI MONTESINOS TEAM 16 ANOTHER KEY ELEMENT OF MONTESINOS j VIDAL SAID IS HIS EXTREME JEALOUSLY OF HIS · · I Cu r rent Class -S-Be-RE UNCLASSIFIED et1r · ·- UNCLASSIFIED Cur i l1 SReRErT Current ··Handling N0B-I-S· ONLY RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PRESIDENT HE WANTS NO OTHER PERSON TO ENJOY THE ACCESS HE HAS AND SYSTEMATICALLY BARS CONTENDERS OR THE PRESIDENT'S THINKING PROCESSES FROM CONTACT WITH HIM VIDAL SAW THIS AS HIGHLY DANGEROUS · MAINLY BECAUSE FUJIMORI HAS ALLOWED MONTESINOS TO DO IT THE REGIME IN VII3AWS VIEW rs THUS LOCKED · INTO THE VERY SHORT TERM POLITICAL CALCULATIONS AND MAKE-SHIFT POLICY IDEAS THAT THE TWO OF THEM DEVELOP I•·• VIDA L MADE -NO MENTION OF THE ROLE OF SANTIAGQ FUJIMORI THE PRESIDENT'S BROTHER AND OTHER INTIMATE ADVISOR 17 CHARGE ASKED V IPA' 1 ' F HE THOUGHT MONTESINOS S EGF E-T- PAGE 10 STATE 020413 2220572 STILL MAINTAINED HIS CONTACTS WTIH DRUG FIG URES 1 • JTJI qAL • pouBTEQ IT MONTESINOS NO LONGER NEEDED THE FINANCIAL RESOURCES THAT HIS DRUG CONNECTIONS BROUGHT HIM IN HIS LAW PRACTICE BARRIOS ALTOS 18 CHARGE SAID THAT MANY PEOPLE HAVE LINKED MONTESINOS TO THE BARRIOS ALTOS MASSACRE IN NOVEMBER 1991 RECALLING THE EARLIER DISCUSSION OF·PRESIDENT FUJIMORI'S REALVIEWS ON HUMAN RIGHTS CHARGE ASKEil ' W R 7¥1 ilWHAT WAS THE MEANING OF BARRIOS ALTOS AND WHETHER MONTESINOS HAD A THAT IS A VERY SENSITIVE CONNECTION TO IT I '1IR 'sf pJ it E$ ' s_suE ' 11 •• GONFIRM'OR'DENY f µ H IN 2#1 EQ i J' I J I ' 11 • 'WON'JT ·· 1 PERHAPS IT CAN BE DISCUSSED AT SOME OTHER TIME FUTURE COOPERATION Current Class 8£-eR-E'f UNCLASSIFIED B ' •i l t J - ' ----- Current Class B-EeR ET Current Handling NGBrS-ONLY PAGE 11 STATE 020413 -_- ----· -' --_ ----_ - UNCLASsIFrJi r 222057Z n1 _ i F-i END OF DOCUMENT Current Class S CimT UNCLASSIFIED