r • • • • 2 VZ CZCF HL97oERV0Z9 _ DECLASSIFIED Authority NND7 9 3b Q SECRET RR RU FRAU DE RU EHRO #7455 01 0781853 zr y SSSSS ZZH a 1818o0Z MAR 80 FM 1 iMBASSY ROME TO RUt' HC SECSTATE WASHDC 4551 INFO ALL EC CAPITALS RUFHAU AMEMBASSY VIENNA 2563 Br • ROME' 07455 OPt C O l f l INFD CHARGE' IAEA-5 • POL ECON PR • • l' O 12065 RDS-1 3 3 18 00 PAGANELLI R P OR-M TAG PARM MNUC TECH ENRG IT UBJ£C 1 U NONPROLIFERATION ASSESSMENT • • • • • • 10 F USOECD FOR NEA • Rl F STATE 68365 1 U SCIATT HO HANDLES NONPROLIFERATION MATTERS AT 1HIS LMBASSY IS OUT OF TOwN THIS WEEK NEVERTHELESS idE FOLLOWING REPLY ADDRE SSES THE MAJOR POINTS RAISED BY Rl' FTEL IF NECESSARY FURTHtR COMMENT WILL BE CABLED NEXT 1 1 E • - AMB 2 G THE POLITICAL LEADERSHIP IN ITALY IS NOT HEAVILY INVOLV1D IN DEFINING THE COUNTRY'S NON- PROLIFERATION FGLICY wHICH -- FOR GOOD OR ILL - - IS LEFT ESSENTIALLY IN IRE HANDS OF THE TECHNICAL PERSONNEL IN THE MINISTRY 01 FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND THE NATIONAL NUCLEAR ENERGY COM ISSION CNEN NONPROLIFERATION ISSUES COME TO THE b1T NTION OF GOI POLITICAL LEADERS ONLY HEN SOME UNUSUAL CIRCU S1ANCE EG NEGOTIATION OF A MAJOR EXPORT DEAL r-i ' • T ION BY A VISITING DIGNITARY ETC CAUSES THEM TO BE RAISED • • • e 1 2 • GC c AT THE SUB- POLITICAL AND TECHNICAL LEVELS US POLICY IS CL ARLY UNDERSTOOD TO BE FIRMLY OPPOSED TO HUCL1AR PROLIFERATION THE MOTIVES BEHIND THAT POLICY AhJ NOT vNJERSTOOD ASSU PTIONS ARE FREQUENTLY MADE AND PROPAGA'l'ED THAT IT HAS BEEN ADOPTED FOR UNDEFINED COM1- L CIAL REASO S OR TO PRl SERVF OUR STATUS AS MEMBERS OF A XCLU IVE NUCLEAR CLUB THE MEANS WE HAVE CHOSEN TO FFECT OUR POLICY ARE FREQUENTLY CRITICIZED AS BEING U1'1ILATz tiA L ARBITRARY AND OVERLY RIGID wHILE THE CONDUCT NlJ COMPL t ·rI ON OF ·rHE I NFCE EXERCISE HA VE DEFINI TEL RVED TU CLARIFY US VIE-SAND INTENTIONS FOR THOSE o FICIALS HO ACTUALLY PAPTICIPATED A GOODLY RESERVOIR F SUSPICION rO N OF THE ISAPPREHENSIONS WHigH AROSE i u ttI G rIE FIJLST ONTHS OF TliE ADMINISTRATION S FFFORTS l TH I S iihLD PER ISTS AND CONTINUtS TO HAVE AN EFFECT Ch di ti ATTITUDES OF RtING- LEVEL OFFICIALS EXPECTATIONS ARCI G U PO ICY AND kCTIONS FOLLOWING INFCE ARE ILLL t Fli lD HILE T HllL I3 t- 0 DOUBT 'IBAT THE US WILL ONTINUF • • CHRON USEEC • • • • 19 MAR 80 TOR 1935 • CN 11992 CHARGE IAEA SE CRET ROME 07455 • a ---PH I VH PB MA MD EG -- -- -- FM GO ' 15 _0 v 1 SEC RE1' 08 RB ROM 07455 • • • • • • • • P OME 0 7455 1 2 TO SPuuS1 NON-PROLIFERAT ION TtlE DIRECTION OF CURRENT PuLICY I S SiE AS A PRODUCT OF THE CART1R ADMINISTRATION ANJ IS RiGA«DED AS SUBJECT TO CHANGE «ITH ANY CHANGE IN GOV R iNT NEXT YEAR • • C JUST AS OUR POLICY IS SEEN AS SUBJECT TO CHANGE OU1 J LIABILITY AS A SUPPLIER IS OPEN TO QUESTION JS-ITiLIAN NUCLLAR COOPERATION IS BROAD AND DEEP IT AS B FN GOING ON FOR OVER A QUARTER OF A CEN TURY DOTIBT TEAT ITALLANS REALLY CALL INNO QUESTION US ILLI GNESS TC CONTI U2 SUPPLY RELATIONSHIP WITH ITALY er TH Y EAVE OBSERVED OUR CONTACTS WITH OTHEF STATES Lv1n I Th THI D WORLD AND THROUGH THEIR PARTICIPATIO' IN JRAT0 TdOSE OBSERVATIONS HAVE PRODUCED DISTRUST OF HAT S0 1E OFFIC IALS TZR OUR TENDENCY TO UNILATERALLY Mfi I CUR DOfEST IC RULE-MAYING PROCESS APPLY IN THE FACE CF INTERNATIONAL AGREErENTS • c • • • • • J • S ITALIAN GOVERNMENT VIEWS ON NONPROLIFERATION RISl AP1 RIVE1 BY A tv ARKED DICHOTOMY BETWEEN RHETORIC AND A lION THE STATED POLICY OF THE GOVERNMENT IS CnARAC TlRIZED BYSTRON ADhtRENCE TO THE GOALS OF THE Pi' D iEP CONCERN OVER THE POSSIBILI TY OF PROLIFERATIO ANO A ILLI NGNESS TO DO EVERYTHING NECESSARY ON ITALY'S PARr TO K EP PROLI FERAT I ON RISK TO A MINIMUM IN l-RACTIC TEAT HAS MEANT STRICT ADHEREN CE TO THE LETTER -f u NUT NECESSARILY THE SPIRIT -- OF THE NUCLEAR SUPP1l R ' JROUf GUIDELIN S AND THE ZANGGER LIST THERE IS A GROW ING BODY OF EVIDENCE THAT ITALY'S CLEAR-CUT STA 4 AINST PROLIFtRATION BECOMES RATHER FUZZY AROUN ttE tDG S W EN PROLIFERATION CONCtRNS COME INTO CONFLICT MITH COMMER CiaL POL ICY THUS WHILE ITALY AND THI rs APP A TO S ARE TbE SME JONPROLIFlRATION OFJ CTI rs Lr ALY DOES NOT IN P tt ACTICE SH AR i THE US I I OF TH l M D I ACY AND BR1ADTh OF THE PROBL • C US POLICY I N TIIS AREA HAS IN LU NC 8 HOST UfHORITY ' S PlRCgPT ION OF TH PROBL M T REMOVING IT Fli 01·1 TH - 'l'ECHNICAL AR A ANU RINGING IT TO HE 11TT1 NTI ON OF NATIONAI POI ITIC AL L AD RS Qt S VERAL 1 CCaSIO S TrtIS IS A CONSTRUCTIVE DEV LOP ENT SINCE I1ALIAN POLITICAL l ADiRS AS NOTED APCV DO NOT 1 2 SECRiT • • • • • • • RO E 07455 DECLASSIFIED • • Authonty NND7 3 • • • • • • 2 - • • SECRET SECTION 02 OF 02 ROME 07455 NORMALLY TA E AN INTEREST IN NONPROLIFERATION POLICY 0 Till EXTENT OUR POLICY IN GENERAL AND OUR RAISING ¥ CiiIC PROBLEMS WITH THEM I PARTICULAR CAUSES NATIONAL POLifICAL LEADEPS TO TAKE NOTICE or THEIR OWN NONP OLIFLRATIO POLICY WE MAKE A SIGNIFICANT CONSTRUCTIVE CO 1hIBU1ION TO Tli IR PERCEPTIONS GARDNER • l'l 2 2 SECRET SECTION 02 OF 02 ROME 07455 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • DECLASSIFIED Authority NND7 Cl 3blo • • • •