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- - DECLASSIFIED Authority NND7 °I 3olQ · 3 5 C O 'FI F TI AL _ Ol 4 2 -- SOVIET PROPAGANDA APOUT AtLIGFt US AI TO VA RI OUS CCU 7RIIS' fUrL AR W APONS PROCH s SFRVFS TO U DFRM I NE TPE ON-PROLIF RATIO RFGIMF PY q ISifG UNJUSTIFI ED DCUE7S AFOUT US CO MITrF T TO THAT REGIME 7 SOVIET CRI'IICUF CF US POLICY A SOVJ T SUSFICIONS TRF SOVIET ALIEGATiors APOUT LAC CF US CCMMITMFNT TO NON -PRCLIFFRATION PROBABLY RFFTEC7 RFAI UNDERLYING SOVIFT SUSPICION P Y VOICI G 1F IR SUSPICIONS IN MEDIA CAMPAIGNS THE SOVIETS HOPE TO PlACE 'IBF US CN TH DEFFNSIVF AND DISRUPT US REL I0N I7B OTRER NATIO S IN TEE MIDIIE FAST AFRIC A t WFS'IERN EUFOPF' O CITF A FEW XAMPLFS SOVIETS SUSPFCT A COVFRT CCN ECTION BETWEF TEE US ANt ISPAFL IN TH NUCLEAR AREA THEY BELIFVE THAT TB TIES EFTWEFN 'IµE US D ISRAFL ARF TOO CLOSE FOR US 1C'I 'IO VNOW WHA'I THE ISRAELIS 11ERE AND ARE UP TC THE SCVIW7S RIGJRD AS FACT A CONNFCTION EFT VE ISRAEtI I iLLIGENCE AND TH UNACCCU TED FOR HIGHLY E RICHED URANIUr HFU AT TFTF APOLLO PFNNSYLVA IA PLANT ONE OF THE RFASONS TFTFY CITI FCR TRFIR SUPPORT 0 THF PHYSICAL PROTEC7ION CONVFN'IIO IS 10 PRFVE T SUCH DIVERSIONS If 'IVE FUTUFE THEY BELIFVF TBE US RFGARDS THE ISRArLI WEAPO S PROGRAM THE EXISTENCF OF WHICH TVIY TAKE li'O GRANTir ITFT BFNIGN NEGl CT IF CT SECRET APPROVAL SLCH lllFGATIONS ARE CLEARLY DES IG NED TO UNDERMI F TBE US POSITICN IN THF ARAB STATFS OF THE MitDLE AST -- 1HF ' ' ' SOVIETS Al LEG F TH AT THE US MAY AGA I BE Pf RMI TT INC TTS SP'ORTRUN REGICNAL INTERESTS 'IC TAKE PRECEDE1 1 C-r CVFR PFOLIFERATION D NGERS I N THE CASE OF PM ISTA fSIE PEF'IEL C THIS CHARGE I N ITS MOST FLAPORATf FORM YE'I APPEARED IN THE MARCH 28 ISS F OF NEW TIMES MAGAZINE HILE 'IBEY MUST RECOGNIZE THA'I TPE rILITARY AND VI ANCIAL AID 'IRE US AND OTHER WESTERN COUNTRIES ARE OFFEFI G 'IC THE PAVISTANIS IS A DIRFC1 RESULT OF THEIR I VASION OF AFGH N STA AT LFAST SO F SOVIETS AFPFAR TO rr I V1 TPAT 'IE US OPFOSI7ICN TO PAYISTANI UCLEAR APONS EftS wEAYENED ·c TP 'I P ¥ISTAN RJS EECOME ft PO T-LI F OF ESISTANCE 1C SCVIFT PFNETFATION TO TH INDIAN CCEAN CC FI li' ''II AL -- 'fRF -- THE SCVIFTS PAVE ECUALLY SERIOUS SUSPICIONS wITH P FGAR TO ou H AFRIC THEY FEFt TH•T F HAV NC7 BEE RUTBFUL WITH TPF ABOUT THE S PT BER 2 1970 SOUTH ATLANTIC I CIDFNT Sli'E FOR EYArPL REFTELS r AND E HEY RlCALL TPE US PREDICTIO S 19 O T S AGO OF EARLY SOUTH AFRICAN ADRFRENCF TC 'IPE NPT WI'IH SO E CY ICISM 1HEY HOPF TFROUGH THEIR CHJRGES OF A US COVER-UP O ARO SE ELACf AFRICAN SUSPICIONS OF TF US -- TRE SOVI TS CLAI TO REG RD OUR INABILITY TO CONTROL OUR ALLIES ' SFNSITIVt NUCLEAR 7RAhSiEES OR iO BRING ABOUT TH ADOFTION OF FUlLSCOPf SAFEGUARDS AS A NFCESSARY co IITIO fOR NUC EAR EXFORiS s At r rICi'IION OF RELPTIVFLl LO• FRICRITY ASSIGNED TO NO -PROLIFERATION IN US FOR IGN POLICY 7HE SOVIETS HAVF OPFOSFD Ai TIMES STRICO FIDFN'II AL MCSCOw 0 5472 • DECLASSIFIED Authority NND7 9 3o o CON'FIDBNTIAL MCSCO• 054 2 uE TlY SUCF TR NSFERS AS THE FRG-BRAZIL rEAL AKD THE FRENCH-PAKISTAN RFPROCFSSI G FLAT CCNTRACT TEFIR REACTIC TO TRE SWISS-IRG SAlF OF A HEAVY WAT 7 R PRO DCTIOh PIArT A D POWER RIACTOR TO THE ARGE TI FS TROUT ULL SCCPE S FFGUARDS MIGHT BAVE BEEN EOUALLY TOUGH PECI lLY SINCW TPEY WERE APPROACHED y THt US A YFAR AGO Nr ASK t NOT TO DELIVER HFAVY WATER TO TBE ARGE TI FS WITHOUT SECURING ARGENTINE AGRIFME T TO FULL-SCOPE SAFEGUARDS BUT TRFIR REJCTIO NO LI LY IIL P TF PFRFD PY THEIR OWN CURFENT EED FOR AijGf'TI E GRAI FCTE TIAt FXAMPLE OF SOVIET NON-FROLIFFRATIO POLICY TAXING B CK-S AT TO MOFF FRrssI G SOVIET FOREIGN POLI CY CONCERNS -- THE SOVIETS CLAIM TO BELIEVE E RAVE LOST OUR COMMITCONFitE 'TI AL MOSCO t 05472 - DECLASSIFIED Authority 11ND7 '13o o CONFin-li'N'T' I At MOSCO 0 547 2 fNT TO A CO PRWBF SIVF TES PA 1RFATY THEY BLA rw TP r I AC CF PROGR FSS IN HE CTB N GOTIATIO S ON TH ABSE CE c us POLITIC L WILL TO RFSOLVE TH FFw RFMAI NI G ISSUFS 1 ESFECIAILY THE NUMBFR OF UK NATIONAL SEIS IC STATIONS SS THEY PRFDICT THAT LAC OF PROGRESS ON TH CTE NEG TIATIONS WILL GUARANTEE A DISASTROUS- P1 R•VIf CCNFFRF CE IN A GUST AND THEREBY UNDERMINE THE BOLF NPT-BASED NON-PROLIFFRATIO N REGI ME SUCH CHARGES ARE CLEARLY TACTICALLY DESIGNEr o WIN us AND UK CCNCFSSIO 'S ON OUTSTANDING ISSUES IN THE CTB NEGOTIATIONS ' ' B DEFFRRAL OF RFPROCESSI G WHILE THF SCVIETS AY SEE PO ENTIAILY SINISTER ASPECTS TO SOME ELEMENTS OF US POLICY IN TRE NON-PROLIFERATIO AREA TijFY REGARD OTHFR EIEMENTS CF OUR POLICY AS PFRRPPS ELL-INTENTIO NED BUT rISGUIDED TBFY DISAGREE WITH OUR DECISION TO DFFEP R PRCCESSING CF SPF T FUEL ALTHOUGH THEY AGREE THAT IT IS NOT ICONOMICftL TO REPROCESS FOR RECYCLE OF PLUTONIU M I 1HEBMAI REACTORS THFY FEEL THAT SUCH SE SITIV FACIIITES AS BEPROC SSING ANr ENRICH FNT PLLNTS SHOULt EE RFSTRICTED TO A LI ITFD NUMEER OF STATES PREFERABLY TEE NUCLEAR WEAPONS STA TES BY OT REPROCESSING M 'l' KOT TA ING EACK US SUPPLIED SPENT FUEL THEY BELIEVE THI US IE HFLPI G TC FOSTER REFRCCESSI G PROGRAMS I o - UcL AR wEAPONS STATFS HE SOVIETS CCNSTANTLY POINT TC T FIR O N PRACTICt OF RfOUIRING THF RETURN TO TRE SOVIET U ION OF ALL SPENT FUEL CONSUME C IN SOVIET-SUPPLIED REACTORS AS A MODEL OTHER SUPPLIERS SHOULD FCLLO OT I1 IS OUR UNDERSTANrING THE SOVIETS TIE LIFITIMF tJFL SUPPLY CONTR CTS TO THFIR REACTOR EXPORT CONTRACTS IN CASFS WHERE TFEY ONLY PROVIDE ENRICH ENT SfRVIGES FOR INSTANCF FOR THF BELGIANS ITALIANS WEST GERr S AUSTRIANS THEY DO NOT REOUIRE RETUR OF THI SPE T FJFL I C EREEDERS SI '-'I LARL Y THE SOVIETS ARE STAlTNCH I EFF DVRS OF BREEDER REACTORS FOR INDUSTRIALIY DEVrLOPlD COU TRIES THEY ClAir NOT TO UNDFRSTAND WRY THE us HAS DELAYEn ITS BREFI FR PROGRAM AND NOT TO SF E A CONNFCTIOt 'T 'FF BREEDER - rEVELOPMENT IN SFLECTED ADVANCEt COUNTRIES AND PROLIF RATION DEPUTY CHAIRMAN OF T r STAiE COMMITTFE FOR ATOMIC ENERGY MCBOZOV SPECULATir IN Tq SEPTEMBER 1978 IS S UF OF USA' AGA ZINE TH AT THE US CAf PA I Gt- AGAINST EREEDERS WAS AN ATTF P'f TO GAIN Tirr so THAT 'THE us NUCLFAR It- IUSTRY COULD CATCH UP TO ITS VOREIGN COMPETITORS I EBFEDEB 'fFCHNCLOGY ON WHICH THE US WAS THEN SPENDI G MCRE THAN HALF A BILLION DOLLARS PIR YE 4 R A OTHER EX MFLE CF THE SOVIFT WORST-CASE ATTITUDE TOWARD US NON - PROL IFEFA7 I O POLICY PRFSUM BLY TFIS VIE IS O LONGER HELD FCILOWING INFCE THE PRIMARY SOVIET OBJECTIVE I I FCE WAS TO OBTAI A CO SFNSUS TFAT BRFFDI S ARI ESSlh'fIAI TO AT LFAST SOME NATIONS ' FNEF GY PROGRAMS 'fFFY OVERFULFIILED TBFIR PIAN IN THAT REGARI BY PRODUCI G THf LJAS'f IALANCED INFCF REPORT THAT CF WORYI G GROUP p O TEE ROLE 0 BREEDERS THEY qEGARD THE I FCE OUTCOME ON FRJIIIRS AS A MAJOR SOVIET ACCO PLISEMENT A D AS A SFTBAC TO WHAT THFY PERCEIVED AS A US ANTI-BRFEDER CAMPAirN - L CRITICISM CF VOLUNTARY C FERS HE SOVIETS ALEO OPPOSE 4 5 CONFIDENTIAL MOSCOW 05472 • DECLASSIFIED Authority NND7 9 3o Q 4 CONFII'INTIAL MOSCOw 05472 VOIUNTARY CFFjRS PY NWS TO PLACE ' HEIR PEACEFUL NlCLEAR FACILITIES UNDER IAEA SAFEGUARDS THEY CLAIM TEE US ANE U VOLUNTARY OFFERS WILL ONIY SERVE TO DIVFR'I SCARCE IAIA I SPFCTION RESOURCES AWAY FROM THE PLACES 'IREY ARF NEEDED AT 'IRE NUCIEAB FACILITIES OF NEARNUCLIAR WEAPONS STATES BEHIN THIS ARGUMENT IS DEEPLY INGRAI ED SOVIET UNWILLINGNESS TO PERMIT OUTSIDE ACCESS TO VAST SECTORS OF THFIR SOCIETY F I FCE SUPFLY ASSURANCES A r OTHER TECH ICAL A D INSTITUTIONAL MEASURES INFCI BAD LITTLE IF ANY EIFFCT ON SCVIFT NON-PROLIFFRATION POLICY THIS SHOULt NOT EE SURPRISING SI CE THE INFCE EXERCISE WAS PRIMARILY DIRECTED l'I NCRTB-SOUTH AND INTRA-WESTERN ALLIANCE PROBLEMS AND THE 4 5 CONFIDFN'IIAL MOSCOW 05472 • DECLASSIFIED Authority NN b7 C 3b Q - ro 'Fir-' TIAL 'OS co ' 0 54 72 scvrr s PLAYED IITTI PARf OUTSID TijF BRFEDER SUCR ISSUFS AS SUPPLY ASSURl CES ARE FFRIPHFRAl TO SCVIFT CONCfR S THFY EFLIFVF THFY DO THFIR JOB IN THIS REGARD THROUGH THFIR BIIATERAL ARRANG FNTS AND ' PAT I'I IS UP TO 'IBE ES'I RN SlPFIIFRS I ClUDI G TH US TO SOLVF TRF PROBLEMS CRFATFD EY FREVIOTIS INTER UPTIO 'SIN SUPPLIES AND THE ' WISTS A D ' UR s OF US NO '-PRCLIFFRATION LEGISLATION THFY CF COUPSF PAVE BENFFITTFD FI A CIALIY AS A RlSULT Ok 'IEE FAIL I THF us CRFtIFILITY rs p FUEL SUPPLIER 'IPEY FAV FICJED UFA SUBSTAN'IIAL NUMBIR OFFNRICH tNT SERVICFS CC 1TPACTS WI'IB WFS'IERN FUROPFAN UTILITIES SEE ING TC DIVFRSI Y 'IBIIR SOURCFS OF SUPPLY THFY REGARD 'IFE PROFOSID EXPFRTS' GROUP 0 SUPPLY ASSURA CFS PRIMARILY AS A MEANS OF DFFLFCTING NCN-ALIG ED CRITICISM Ai THI UFCOMI G NPT RFVIFW CONFFR CF SI ILPRLY THOUGH THE SOVIETS FNIORSF SUCH TFCB ICAL AND I STITUTIONAL MEASURIS AS COFRCCFSSI G PRE-IRRADIATION OF FUEL LEMZN'IS D VELCPrENT OF LC RR E RICHED FUII FOR RESEARCB REACTORS I T RNA'IIONAL PLUTONIU BANYS ANI I 'IFRNATIONIL NUCLEAR FUEL CYC ClNTFRS NONF OF THIS MIASUR s AR siEN AS AFFECTING EEIR OiN PROGRAMS FOR fXAMPLE THEY BELIFVE THAT TREY ftLRfAIY HAVF ORGANIZFD A MCDEL INTERNATIONAL FUEL CYCLE SERVICES RFGI F I N THE CC ECO - 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