---------- ' ' ' PProved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515----------------- - - i · i _ • • • • ' • 1 t- - f - ·•- ' ·t n · -•• r l EtiLL TeX b 3 2 uly 1963 · MEMORANDUM FOR Director of Central Intelligence SUBJECT iI Report o Inspection of MK ULTRA 1 In connection with our surv y of Technical Services Division DD P it was deemed advisable to prepare the report of the MKULTRA program in one copy only in view of its unusual sensitivity 2 This report is forwarded herewith 3 The MKULTRA activity is concerned with the research and development of chemical biological and radiological materials capable of employment in clandestine operations to control human behavior The end pr ducts of such research · are subject to very strict controls including a requirement for the personal approval of the Deputy Director Plans for any operational use made of these end products 4 The cryptonym MKULTRA encompasses the R D phase· and a second cryptonym MKDELTA denotes the DD P system for control of the operational employment of such material The provisions of he MKULTRA authority also cover - -- · -· - • • · · - I The administration and control of _ s latter activity were found to be generally satisfactory and · are discussed in greater detail in the main body of the report · on TSD · · 5 MKULTRA was authorized by the then Director of Central Intelligence Mr Allen W Dulles in 1953 The TSD was assigned responsibility thereby to employ a portion of its R D budget eventually set at 20% or research in behavioral · ·materials anc 1'- - ----- -- 7 Wider purely internal and com ·partmented co fitrols further tails are provided in paragraph 3 of the attached report Normal procedures for project approval funding and accounting were waived However special arrangements for audit of expenditures have been evolved in subsequent · years --- - c SECRET··· ----· -··-·- -·- ¥ 4 A A $ SJ I ·-· 3 c 4 cx 0¥ µ • -C 11S£ 6F5PS t« _s so _ QPIII a · - f bl Ii a ut' ' 185209 1 - - • -- ···•s ·--- wz ' Copy 1 of 1 0- _ '5 Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 • 4 · a pez w _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515----------------- ·6 The scope of MK ULTRA is comprehensive and ranges from the searc·h for and procurement of botanical and chemical substances through programs for their analysis in scientific laboratories -to progressive testing for effect -on animals and human beings The testing on individuals begins under laboratory onditions employing every safeguard and progresses gradually to mor e and more realistic operational simulations The program requires and obtains the services of a number of highly specialized authorities in many fields of the natural sciences 7 The concepts involved in manipulating human behavior are found by many people both within and outside the Agency to be distasteful and unethical There is considerable evidence that opposition intelligence services are active and highly proficient in this field The experience of TSD to date indicates that both the research and the employment of the mat rials are expensive and often unpredictable in results · Nevertheless there have been major accomplishments both _in research and operational employment 8 The principal conclusions of the inspection are that the structure_ and operational controls over this activity need • trengthening improvements are needed in the administration of the research projects and some of the testing of substances under simulated operational conditions was judged to involve - excessive risk to the Agency · 9• Attached for the signature of the Deputy Dir_ector of· Central Intelligence is a memorandum transmitting the report to the Deputy Director Plans requesting a summary of action _taken or comments on the recommendations contained therein •· J i l Inspector General · - I j · Attachments - as stated II ' 11 · ·- 2 -· - c --· -·-- -'-·- j r--'i- S WJ •• _ 4 - _ _ _ · - · l 1l · L • H _ _ _ -• · - ' - · a _ - ''-- - - ·-·-•• - _ __ •'9 - --- ' ' A- -· '·· ' - ' ' '- ' - -· - · - __ _ _ Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 1 _ · 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C06767510--------------- 'r dd- o D REPORT OF INSPECTION OF MKULTRA TSD I Introduction · • 1 · - - ·- -'j Technical Services Division TSD then Technical Support Staff received authorization from the then Director of Central 1n·telligence Mr Allen W Dulles on 3 Aprir 1953 to develop and maintain continuing operational capabilities in the fields of a · --·· ___ _ ·'- - - - h---a n- --- b 1 b 3 b 1 b 3 b chemical and biological materials capable of producing human • • behavioral a d physiological changes see Tab A _ The cryptotiyrn MKULTRA was assigned to encompass TSD's research development __ and equipment activities in these two fields · - · The cryptonyni MKDELTA had already been assigned by DD P Notice No 22 0-1 on 20 October 1952 since revised - see Tab B as the indicator covering DD P policy - · and procedure for the use of biochemicals in clandestine operations 2 The MKULTRA charter provides only a brief presentation of th rationale of the authorized activities The sensitive aspects of the program as it has evolved over the ensuing ten years are the • following a Research in the manipulation of human behavior is considered by many authorities in medicine and related fields ··•' ' -JO Declassification Review E O 12065 Conducted on 17 June 1981 Derivative Classification by 531025 Rev e t 17 June 2001 ·Derived fro C9c C9e Downgraded -· - - - - ' J -1 _ '_ b 3 61140 ·- -··-·-··-· I -------------------' Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 Approved for Release ----------------- -----1 l I 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _____ 1 to be professionally unethical therefore the reputations of professional participants in the MKULTRA program are ·-· ·· ___ l on occasion in jeopardy - ·· ·- - 4t1 Some MKULTRA activities raise questions o fJ legality implicit in the original ch rter · b c A final phase of the testing of MKULTRA products places the rights and interests of U S citizens in jeopardy ' · ·- •$ -- · · d Public disclosure of some aspects of MKULTRA activity could induce serious adverse reaction in U S - -- - ·· public opinion as well as stimulate offensive and defensi e - action in this field on the ·part of foreign intelligence services - 3 · In recognition of the sensitivity of MK ULTRA TSD was authodzed exclusive control of the administration records and · financial accountings of the program Simple statements of certification __ - were all that were required of TSD to obtain advances of funds from 3 --•· Finance Division · - -· • The DCI's m emorandum also exempted MKULTRA from audit but this provision was modified to permit limited audit before the end of t e first year Funding of MKULTRA was eventually stabilized at 2 0 percent of TSD''s annual research a nd flevelopment budget It has fallen in the neighborhood of er year over the ten-year history of the program which about 30 p rcent has been alloc ted to - 2 - 1- t ·· -· r-· _ · - ' I _z ·-·--·· --· ··- -· -- ··--··---·--- Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 b 3 ------------------____ pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515--------------- I 1· r ' I ---- - -- ' b 1 b 3 cf Tab C for MKULTRA _ support of the I funding record FY 60-63 4 I I The inspection of TSD activities in the field of b 1 b 3 b 1 while chartered under MKULTRA is discussed for reasons b 3 - ·· · ·• ji noted below in the section of the Inspector General's Survey dealing I I r with the -------- --- - - -- - - b 1 b 3 of TSD cf dis- b 1 cussions eginning with paragraph - ----- -- -T b 3 b 1 b 3 The security considerations applying t9L -_ _ _ _ _ _lwere found to - ___ ___ be significantly different from those governing manipulation of human b havior a I c ·M external projecis in support thel I' 1_ A b 1 b 3 lUJllJ •are being funded and managed securely outside the· b 3 · MK ULTRA mechanism · b Chief Support TSD believes that it may · c The -I -- --- · very nature of th requires that a nigh percentage of its staff contribute and be witting of each operation ····- -· ----- I f security practices axe tight and the Inspector General's survey recomfurther refinements in security procedures ______mends 5 The inspection of MKULTRA projects • in biochemical ------ controls of human behavior raised questions in the following area of policy and e __ management which are dealt with in the balance of this report r -• _ - 3 - - t • · - --- ··1 b 1 b 3 also be possible in the future _to f u n d U L T R A projects by_ -·_·secure methods more c mpatible with DD S responsibilities _ · Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 b 1 b 3 I b 1 b 3 l I Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _7 I -- • '- a - _ - - 4 Scope of the MKULTRA charter 1 Over the ten-year life of the program many additional avenues to the cont rol of human behavior have been designated by the TSD management as appropriate to investigatioi under the MKULTRA charter - ' - · including radiationJ electro-shock various fields of psychology psychiatry sociology and anthropology graphology harrassm ent substances and paramilitary devices and materials Z Various projects do not appec_1 r to have been sufficiently sensitive to warrant waiver of normal Agency procedures· for ·authorization and control • 3 Other secure channels for establishment and funding of Agency-sterile activities have been evolved over t'l e past ten years by Deputy Director Support DD S and in some cases could reasonably be employed by TSD in lieu of MKULTRA procedures In view of these developments there is substantial agreement among all parties concerned that redefinition· of •the scope of I I i MK ULTRA is now appropriate ·r t r b Ml ULTRA management policies 1 The original charter documents specified that TSD maintain exacting control of MKULTRA activities · · F - - --- - · i ·' rj I Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 ----------------1 ' pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I l In so doing · however TSD has pursued a philosophy of minimum documentation in keeping with the high sensitivity of some of the projects Some files were found to present a reasonably complete record including most sensitive matters while others with parallel objectives contained little or no data at all The lack of consistent records precluded use of routine inspection procedures and raised a variety of questions concerning f I f management and fiscal controls · Z Lack of records essential to inspection of MK ULTRA moved to the forefront among issues as the present survey proceeded Under normal circumstances the inspectors would have examined an inventory of discrediting disabling and lethal substances perfected or -· · 'i procured from whatever sources The records on representative items would ha ve been reviewed according to such standard criteria as a How were the substance and its properties identifi d • b What researcher was selected to perform the research and why c When was the work begun where involving what costs at what rate of progress based on what tests ---· • - f ----·- - · Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 ----··----- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 S _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-- l t • I d What are the present capabilities and limitations of the substance for clandesinte operations e What further research is being conducted on this and related substances and how does this reflect existing TSD capabilities operational requirements and_ budget factors 3 MK ULTRA records afforded no such approach to inspection There are just two individuals in TSD who have full substantive knowledge of the program and most of that knowlegge is unrecorded Both are highly skilled highly motiv ted professionally competent individuals Part of their competence lies in their command of intelligence tradecraft In protecting the sen_sitive nature of the American intelligence capability to manipulate human behavior they apply need to know doctrine to their professional associates and to their clerical assistants to a maximum degree Confidence in their competence and discretion has been a vital feature of the management of MK ULTRA • c Advaru ed testing of MK ULTRA materials It is the firm doctrine in TSD that testing of materials under accepted scientific procedures fails to disclose the full pattern of reactions and attributions that may occur -· - 6 - -· ····-- _ __ -_ j_ Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 - J - - - - - - - - - - - - I 11 I I ···-·• ___ 7-· '·- i n - l operational situations _____ TSD initiated a program for - -·-·· ----· covert testing of_ aterials on unwitting U S citizens ----· ' - ··--------- ·-·-· ·• ---- - in 1955 - The present report reviews the rationale and risks attending this activity and recommends termination of such testing in the United ·states cf paragraphs 10-18 below II Modus Operandi 6 The research and development of materials capable of producing behavioral or physiological change in huµians is now pe formed within a J iighly elaborated and stabilized MKULTRA structure The search for new materials e g psilocybin from Mexican mushrooms or a fungi occurri ng in agricultural crops is conducted through standing arrangements with specialists in universities pharmaceutical houses _ hospitals state and federal institutions and private research organi·-' zations who are authorities in the given field of investigation in their o n right u a l grants of fundo are made under ostens ible research foundation auspices to the specialists located in the public or quasi-public institutions This approach conceals from the institution the interest of • CIA and permits the recipient to proceed with his investigation publish his ·findings excluding intelligence implications and account for his expenditures in a manner normal to his institution A number of the grants have included funds for the construction and equipping of res earchJ -r ' 7 e - ··- · -' - -•·-'- - - - ---------···- --- Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _--- I -- _ _ --- · _ l facilities and for the employment of research assistantsJKey individuals must qualify for top secret clearance and are made witting of Agency sponsorship G s a rule each specialist is managed un ilaterally and is not witting of Agency support of parallel MKULTRA research in his -''' ' - - r• · field The system in effect buys a piece of the specialist in order to enlist his aid in pursuing the intelligeric implications of his researchj His services typically include systematic search of the scientific · ·- -·· •- · literature procurement of materials their propagation and the appli- • cation of test dosages to animals and under some circumstances to volunteer human subjects No quarrel ii found with the ra tiona e of - this program to the extent that it fits the original MKULTRA charter · ·· However for inspection purposes there were lacking records year by year of the progress of each project and the recorded judgments •· · of the project monitors on operational benefits vis-a-vis costs • 7 ihe funding 0£ sensitive MKULTRA projects b y sterile gra nt ·i'i _ in aid as noted in the preceding paragraph disclosed one of the principal c ntroversial aspect 0£ this programJ - e original chartei of ULTRA ·- -··· · ·· assumed that the sensitivity of activities would be sufficient to justify both a pecial protection for the researcher and b compartmentation • of MK ULTRA knowledge within the Agency On this ha sis the inherent a£eguards of DD S procedures were waived the DD S was not consulted in the design of the MKULTRA rra nagement· system and established Agency - ·· ' · - - _ Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 r - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 J - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' _ i audit procedures were waived In the subsequent administration of the program however TSD has found it feasible to contract for some o the research on MK ULTRA objectives in accordance with prescribed DD S procedures The DD S in turn has evolved various secure systems for the funding of sensitive acJ ivities It appears feasible and appropriate therefore to propose that the DD S b co sulted _during the re-chartering of MKULTRA in the design of an administrative system that does justice to his responsibilities as well as to the management and security requirements of TSD • a• • f• The Inspector General ac ordingly has recor °rne dedtt the e d of this report that the - D S be consulted in the re-design of the system · that the Chief Support · TSD be assigned responsibility for the day-to-day support of MKULTRA cmd that the latter··constitute a bridge to the DD S for monito ing the future evolutio of the system · 8 _The next phase of the MKULTRA program- involves physicians toxicologists and other specialists in mental narcotics and general hospitals and in prisons who are provided the products and findings of the basic research projects and proceed with intensive testing on human subjects • These specialists are also recipients foi- testing purposes of ' the flow of new products from pharmaceutical laboratories -- - Materials and procedures with intelligence potential may be identified through this - 9 - Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C 0 6 7 6 7 5 1 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t i • I a · relationship The testing programs are conducted under accepted scientific procedures including the use of control populations the employment of placebos and the detailed observation measurement recording analysis and publication of findings Where health permits test subjects are voluntary participant in the program 9 A current development in the testing of new products is the tightening of controls over dosages and procedures by the U S Food and Drug Administration Since MKULTRA files contajned no docu- mentation on this subject it was not possible to appraise the signifi cance of this development for MKULTRA pbj ctives However • interviews with the TSD officers concerned indicated that the new rules · are affecting procedures_ and causing controversy in research hoapitals a d pharmaceutical houses The TSD officers have lose relationships with key individuals in many of the leading U S pharmaceutical houses and count on their continued close cooperation in obtaining materials · · --- - J 1 7 - - _· and services deemed vital to U S intelligence - -• I 10 ·· ··•· - The final phase of testing of MKULTRA materials involves their application to unwitting subjec ts in normal life settings • It was noted earlier that the capabiliti s of MKULTRA subst ces to produce disabling or discrediting effects or to increase the effectiveness of interrogation of hostile subjects cannot be established solely thro11gh · testing on volunteer populations r · · _ r - - · Reaction and attribution patterns are - 10 - ' ·-• -'-·-i l _ ·· Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 ---------- I - r -·· -·· ·•·7- · 1 __ ·-- j clearly affected when the testing is conducted in an atmosphere of confidence under skilled medical supervision 11 TSD therefore entered into an informal arrangement with certain cleared and witting individuals in the Bureau of Narcotics ____ in 1955 which provided for the release ff MKULTRA materials for · lltJ i_ such testing as those i nl ividuals deemed desirable and feasible • The initial arrangement obtained the services of a senior representative of the Bureau and one of his assistants on the West Coast · A parallel --- arrangement was established on the East Coa_st in 1961 • The Director of the Bureau has been briefed on the activity but he Deputy Chief TSD who has guided MKULTRA from its inception is of the opinion -that the former _would disclairn all knowledge and responsibility in the event of compromise - · The MKULTRA program director has in fact provided close supervision of the testing program from the beginning - • d makes periodic visits to the sites - · The sum oftO OO as en • ·· pr Vided annually to each of the two projects to cover cost of cultivation of targets· and of maintenance of a safehouse in each area for the observation of effects of substances on selected test individuals -· IZ The particular advantage of these ar range ents with the Bureau of Narcotics officials has been that test subjects could be sought and cultivated within the setting of narcotics control Some sub ects - 11 - - R T Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - i -- r c- --·• --·- • • 1 _ • h _ i '- i J i have been informers or _members of suspect criminal elements from whom the Bureau has obtained results of operational value through the tests -• _ iit On the other hand the effective_ness of the substances on individuals at all social levels high and low native American and foreign is of great significance and testing has been performed on a variety of individuals within these categories 13 A significant limitation on the effectiveness of such testing is the infeasibility of performing scientific observation of _results The Bureau agents are not qualified sci entific observers • Their subjects are seldom accessible beyond the first hours of the tes' t The testing may be useful in perfecting delivery techniqu ei 1 and in identi -ying surface characteristics of onset reaction attri bution and side-effect · In a number of instances however the test subject has become ill for hours or· days including hospitalization in at lea st one case and the - ¥ agent could only follow-up by guarded inquiry after the test subject's return to normal life Possible sickness and attendant economic loss· are inherent contingent effects of the testing 14 The MK ULTRA program officer stated that the objectives of covert testing concern the field of toxicology rather th•an medicine further that the program is not intended to harm test individuals and that the medical consultation and assistance is obtained when appropriate through separate MKULTRA arrangements The risk of compromise of - 12 - · Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 J---------- J -7 · the program through correct diagnosis of an illness by an unwitting medical specialist is regularly considered and is stated to be a governing factor in the decision to conduct the given test • · · The Bureau officials also maintain close working relations with local police authorities which could be utilized to protect the activity in critical situations • 15 There have been several discussions in the public press in recent monthE» on the use of certain MKULTRA-type drugs to influence human behavior · Broadly speaking these have argued that res arch knowledge of possible adverse effects of such substances on human beings is inadeq lclte that some applications have done serious harm and that professional r_esearchers in medicine and psychiatry are split on the ethics of performing such research Increasing public attention to this subject is to be expected 16 •-' The final step in the research and development sequence is the delivery of MK ULTRA aterials into the MK DELTA control system governing their employment in clandestine operations The subject is discussed further in the next section however t i_s appropriate here to note that the employment of MKDELTA materials remains an art rather than a scientific procedure A significant number of variables in the target individual including age sex weight general health social status and personality structure may account for widely varying -- m and unpredictable reactions to a given drug in a given dosage • IJI • •• - -- · ·- ' - Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _______ I 1o I j 17 The final stage of covert testing of materials on unwitting subjects is clearly the most sensitive aspect of MKULTRA effective cover story appears to be available No TSD officials state that responsibility for covert testing is transferred to the Bureau of -- --- Narcotics disclaim Yet they also predict that the Chief of the Bureau would an y knowledge of the activity Present practice is to maintain no records of the planning and approval of test programe The prin- cipal responsibility for the propriety of such testing rests with the MKULTRA program director and the Deputy Chief of TSD -Th • handling of test subjects in the last analysis rests with the Narcotics agent working al on Suppression of knowledge_ of critical results from -' the top ISD and CIA management is an inherent risk in these operations 18 Final phase testing of MKULTRA substances or de ices on unwitting $ubjects is recognized to be an activity o genuine importance in the development of some but 'not all MK ULTRA products Termination of such t·esting would have some but an essentially indeterminate effect on the development of operational capability in this field Of more critical significance however is the risk of serious damage to the • Agency in the event of compromise of the true nature of this activity As now performed under Bureau of Narcotics auspices non-Agency personnel are necessarily fully witting of the true nature and signficanc e- of their assignments and of the sponsorship of CIA - 14 - SECRET Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 Compromise of -t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 --------- - - - I t IC - • I ' •• - i- • - 1 this information intenti nally or unwittingly by these individuals at some time in the future is a hazard that cannot be ruled out A test subject may on some occasion in the future correctly attribute the cp use of his reaction and secure independent professional medical assistance in identifying the exact nature of the substance employec l and by whom An extreme reaction to a test substance could lead to a Bureau request for cooperation from local authorities in suppr ssing information of the situation This wpuld in turn broaden the circle of individuals who possessed at least circumstantial evidence of the nature of the activity • - Weighing possible benefits of such testing against the risks of compromise and of resulting damage1o CIA has led the Inspector General to rec 9mmend · termination of this phase of the MKULTRA program Existing checks and balances on the working level management of such testing do not afford the senior command of CIA adequate protection against the high IC ••· · • risks involved 19 t does not follow that termination of covert testing of MKULT materials on unwitting U S citizens will bring the program to a halt Some testing on foreign nationals has been occurring under the present • arrangements Various U s de p over agents overseas would appear to be more favorably situated thah the U S narcotics agents to perform realistic testing Finally the operational use of the substances clearly serves the testing function in view of the· lack of predictability of human i-eactions - 1-5 - Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ --- f' ''· I • ✓- III Current estimate of the MKULTRA MKDELTA capability ZO - · · · - 'j -- ·--····· The present Deputy Chief of TSD Dr Sidney Gottlieb in his then capacity of scientific advisor to the Deputy Director Plans - DD P released a study hereafter referred to as the Gottlieb report --li · 1 J6•• -4 •· on 21 April 1960 covering his six-mon_t'h investigation of Scientific and Technical Problems in Coyert Action Operations Appendix B of the report was entitled The Applicability of Special Chemicals and Biologicals t Oa ndestine Operations The inspectors found thi s A ppendix to be a arefully prepared and very useful treatment of the · subject - The remaining para graphs draw on the Gottlieb report take account of developments since that date and discuss management and funding aspects of MKULTRA 21 • · ·· - The author opened his discussion with the question of what - - •of the operational returns had been from an eight-year program involving an investment of approximatel ----- I He obse ved that the b 3 1 Clandestine Service1 1 had encouraged TSD on various occasions to develop and maintain the operational capability in special drugs and chemicals but that TSD had received little or no guidance in directing the work and that the Clandestine Services had time up to that little inclination to use the_ end products operationally shown He indicated that there had been approximately 100 operations over the eight years - 16 - ---------·----··- Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 i I Ii i i - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - J t I I employing harrassrnent_materials not controlled under the MKDELTA regulation and only nine operations employing disabling drugs NB two-thirds of these involved the use of drugs in interrogations No use of lethal substances was reported 22 The factors accounting for th e low rate of use of _this capa- bility were considered to be the following · a the technical shortcomings of the drugs b _ the problem of testing in realistic pilot operations c liznitations on the dissem ination of pertinent information to operations officers d organizational and administrative restrictions on operations e • µegative attitudes toward the use of MKDEL'rA tnaterials f problems in the training of case officers in this field g the risk of stimulating increased use of MKDELTA materials by opposition intelligence services · • ·•· 23 Technical shortcomings of the drugs As of 1960 no effective knockout pill truth serum aphro- _ • · - disiac o ·recruit nent pill was known to exist _ MKDELTA was • -- described as inherently a high-risk low-yield field of operations • ·· · Three years later the situation remains substantially unchanged with the exception that real progress has been made in the use of drugs in support of interrogation Ironically however the • progress here has occurred in the development of a total psychological theory of interrogation in which the use of drugs has been relegated to a support role b 1 b 3 b 1 ' b 3 - -c-----c-- ------------- ----- - _1 _ - - Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _------ r-· · ° -· · ·· b 1 b 3 l I I I I I ·_ I i I ' Z4 The problem of testing in realistic pilot operations This subject has been discussed above beginning with paragraph 10 • It should also be noted that testing on operational targets overseas is considered by some operations officers to · • • be quite impracticable Unilateral operations are imperative ·· • ·--•-- which substantially complicates the delivery pr·oblem The possibilities of unexpected or critical reactions in test subjects and of ensuing compromise of the activity make most senior ___s pmmand personnel unwilling to take the risks involved ZS Limitations on the dissemination of pertinent information ·ro· case officers organizational and administrative restrictions on · _ • ope rations The present-day situation concerning both of these problem areas is improved over 1960 TSD now regularly briefs a variety - 18 - 1 @ - --'--· 'I • •• - -· • • Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 - - - - - - - - • l I I -- ✓ -•- ' -···· --- · -j ✓--- of senior officers·on its MKDELTA capability Approval of the use of MKDELTA materials is now accomplished within the chain of command of ·the DD P The DD P may consult for example with the Chief Medical Staff concerning medical risks involved in MKDEL TA operations but the I 1 tter surely would not expect to exercise final authority for the disapproval of operations 26 I TSD has found that TDY visits of MKULTRA officers· to the - _____ _ '· I field in support of specific operations increases the awareness of the -· MK DELTA capability and stimulates proposals for-additional projects I i Of equal significance however has been the TSD decision in 1961 to station in · ' I r_·_L___ ---- ---- --- officer who is m ve PCS t _· _-•·'· _ I during the summer of - •C •- adjace_nt stations b 1 b 3 1 1 1963 to supportOand b 3 - While the principal responsibility of these officers lies in the f i e l d ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - the arrangement ' well 'L-- It now appears that increased reliance can be placed on this l t h 1 - - - - ' has proved useful in the MKDEL TA field--notably in interrogation--as - approach to promoting responsible use of the MKDELTA capabilitie --_ -' 27 Negative attitudes toward the use of MKDELTA materials problems in the training of case officers in this field The 1960@ ottliej eport observed that some case officers I• informed on MK DELTA matters A second officer is scheduled to -· ' have basic moral objections to the concept of MKDELTA and Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 b 1 b 3 U V - - - - - - - - - - - - - pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ I' I therefore refuse to use the materials Some senior officers were reported to believe that the proper employment of the capability required more sophistication than most case officers possessed and that there would be a tendency toward over-reliance on and mi1 1use of drugs in lieu of perfecting classic espionage techniques Finally it was ·suggested that MKDELTA controls w re so restrictive as to have generated a general defeatism among case officers concerning the chances of getting approval for use of materials in routine rather than extreme situations These matters will be reviewed in f' ture field inspections of D P area divisions in the meanvihile the stationing of qualified TSD consultants in the field and increasing operational experience will tend to develop over time a category of case officers who h ve acquired direct appre iation of the Jotential - $ anf liznitations of the MKDELTA c apabil y J f Z8 The risk of stimulating increased use of MKDELTA materials by opposition intelligence services ' The ottl ei -eport stated that opposition intelli ence services are active in the MK DELTA field and recommended • that the CI Staff of the DD P conduct a systematic study 0£ the evidence This recommendation has not been implemented It is a subject of increasing significance as new materials and · techniques become available z_o - ' ·-'-4'·-J Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 --------------'---- Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 ' l - - - - - - - - - •· It is recommendeq that _ Deputy Director Plans instruct Chief CI Staff to perform a study of the evidence of use of MKDELTA materials by opposition intelligence services and recommend appropriate measures for traini g DD P case officers to recognize and counter hostile activity in this area • - 29 _J In summary present evidence concerning the operational value of the MKDELTA capability would appear to conffrm the principal iudgments of the 1960@ ottlie 0-eport There is an extremely low rate of operational use of the controlled materials En the other haiid significant progress has been achieved in the development of an inter- rogation theory employing chemical substances and in providing com- I I petent guidance to the field in MKDELTA matters through TSD officers l working overseas IV Management of MKULTRA 30 TSD has initiate 41 projects relating to the control of human behavior i e C ---------------- - during the ten_ years of operation of the MKULTRA program f2wenty-five 25 of these projects remain in existence at the present time whiie a number of others are in various stages of termination 31 Active projects may be grouped under the following arbitrary - 21 - ·- '• --· -··r r • _ _ - - - ----------------------- -·····-··-··•• '' ·-· Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 b 1 b 3 I•• l t --- --- Jt' ' _ - - ·_ ··· -- I headings Many projects involve activity in two or more of the areas listed a basic research in materials and processes b procurement of research materials c testing of substances on animals and human beings d development of delivery techniques e projects in offensive defensive BW CW and radiation f miscellaneous projects g petroleum sabotage 2 defoliants 3 devices for remote measurement of physiological processe jl J 32 · _ The current management of TSD bas initiated a policy of 'directing the activities of MKULTRA and of the Behavioral Activities Branch towards operations and away from long-range research Prior to this change in policy which occurred in 1962 MKULTRA spoI_ sored _ · a large number of projects in the fields of applied psychology sociology anthropology and graphology · The present management is unlikely to return to these fields of research under the MKULTRA charter The inspectors concluded that many of these projects were of insufficient · sensitivity to justify waiver of normal Agency control procedures It is recommende the end of this report that projects falling outside the authorized scope of MKULTRA henceforth require the prior written approval of the DD P to qualify for MKULTRA processingJ 33 The TSD chain of command for adm nistra tion of the MKULTRA program comprises the following a b c Chief TSD providing overall management Deputy Chief TSD a trained scientist providing tqp substantive guidance for the MKULTRA program Assistant Chief TSD for Research and Development contributing management but not substantive guidance _ - 22 - '· · ·1•·· 4 · _ c-· -c' - 1• ---·-••'-· Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 ' l - - - - - - - - - - - - - - j I u 111 • ·· _· d Chief Sc entist reporting to c above a trained scientist contributing substantive guidance in some areas and responsible for the technical administrative processes of MKULTRA He is supported by a GS-12 budget officer e program manager for MKULTRA also serves as Chief of Biology Branch a trained scientist f project monitors located in various branches of TSD and specialized in the subject fields of the specific projects for which they are assigned responsibility - -To date this chain of command has relied primarily on oral communica ··· tion in the management of MKULTRA Files are notably incomplete poorly organized _and lacking in evaluative statements that mig 1t give perspective to management policies over time A ·substantial portion of the MKULTRA record appears to rest in the memories of the principal officers· and is therefore almost certain to be lost with their departures The senior officer in the MKULTRA chain of command who are not substantively qualified need better records to measure the validity of projects through time and to identify key areas in which to require detailed periodic briefings from working specialists 34 It will be noted that the Chief of Support TSD does not parti- cipate in the MKULTRA administration The predecessor of the present • Chief of Support served in TSD throughout the life of the program until 1962 without ever being associated with its management In his stead the Chief Scientist and a GS-12 budget officer have provided administrative support '• ·- · µ The Chief Scientist has set policy on the funding of MKULTRA - 23 - ot-- t - _ _ Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _------- - ·· • • I • • - - projects in all respects including salaries overhead rates fees material equipment facilities travel and the like The support officer was only added in 1962 under pressure of critical audit findings This use of the Chief Scientist in a field where Chief of Support possesses superior qualifications and facilities constitutes a misuse of talent The proposed new charter for MK ULTRA should take account of this anomaly and al so provide that Chief of Support ·advise in the future on decisions to fund projects under the MKULTRA authority and thereby to waive the application of DD S procedures • -- It is recommended that Deputy Director Plans draft and submit for the - __ __ _ approval of the Director of Central Intelligence a revision · -- _and re-confirmation of the authority granted him in 1953 l Tab A to operate the MKULTRA program incorporating th - following provbfons ' a Deputy Director P lans assign Chief Technical Services Division to operate MKULTRA as a program for research and development of chemical biological and radioactive materials and of techniques for the employment of ele tro- shock capable of producing huma behavioral physiological change ·Subsequent changes in scope of MKULTRA shall require the written approval of the Deputy Director Plans or L -_ - 24 - - Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A p p r o v e d for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 S - - - - - - - - • • •• r lJ - -· _ -·f- · ____ Deputy irector Plans arrange with Deputy Director Research for the coordination of research relating to MKULTRA objectives to control duplication of effort and to provide for exchange of information of new capabilities - · - Chief Technical Services Division consistent with established policy may negotiate for research in MKULTRA materials and techniques 'to be conducted by Deputy Director Rese9- rch and by other component offices of CIA He shall consult regularly with the appropriate officers of such components to control duplicatiQn of effort • c · d Chief Technical Services Division shall approve the · addition of MKULTRA developed materials to the · list of operationally available MKDELTA substances and keep the Deputy Director Plans advised of such additions cf Clandestine Services Instruction No 220-10 MKDELTA MATERIALS dated 22 July ·1960--Tab B--which governs the employment of behavioral control materials in clandestine operations e · Deputy Director Plans jointly with the Deputy Director Support establish policy for the ac bninistration of suppoi- t functions unde MKULTRA Such·policy shall seek to limit to the maximum the waiver of established Agency support procedures for activities of unusual sensitivity • f Chief Technical Services Division shall maintain exacting internal controls and records of all substantive and support matters within each MKVLTRA project Records shall include ·' - 1 A plan of the research and development to be performed • I 2 An administrative annex setting forth security budget and accounting arrangements agreed to by the parties to the project Chief of Support TSD shall then certify to the DD S for each such project that this annex is in accord with the agreed DDS DDP policy Pursuant to this __ _ _ Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 r - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - pproved for Release 1 l i • I J 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - responsibility Chief of Support TSD shall have right of unlimited access to the substantive and administrative records of MKULTRA I I 3 I An annual written review by the project monitor setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of the work performed the prospects for refjults of eventual operational significance and a recommendation for continuance or termination of the project g Testing of MKULTRA materials and devices shall only be performed in accredited 'research institutions Wlder accepted s ientific procedures · h Chief Technical Services Division shall brief the Deputy Director Plans at least semi-annually on MKULTRA activities The Deputy Director Plans after each briefing shall promptly notify the I eputy Director of Central Intelligence that he has persona lly conducted a semi-annual review of the program i The MKULTRA program be audited in accordance ith the provisions of HR e l u d i n g auditor access substantive as well as administrative records --·--·------------------ -' • • i __ _ Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - -----------i ----- _pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - at••-llllitililiilllilillllioa illllilllliilililli _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _••• b f' 't _ et A Mi1s _ _ - _ _ _ ctr 611 · ·tttm ttt es-- _ ··i' - · r r i i I II I Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 t-i bl • 'ti f Jm-t RANDUM FORa 3 pr1119S3 -- Director Central Intelligence Two Extremely Sensitive Research Programs SUBJll Ta · 1 of Approximately 6'I the TSS ·research and development effort lies in highly sensitive ields in which it is not possible to conduct the work · t b rough the customary contracts tor security reaoons and other considerations ·-t 1 -0 2 ·These two sensitive fields are a Covert studies of biological and chend cal warfare b 3 Permission of the DCI is requested to handle work 1n these two fields 1n tbe manner outlined in Tab A without contracts and with reimbursement to be made· against invoices properly' certified by TSS la ·All controls established 1n the PRC approval of the original Research Program other than signing of a contract would remain unchanged Periodic financial and progress reports will be made All documents will be · retained by TSS S lo new tu nds are involved This procedure wou1d apply to und _s irev l ousl y approved tor research 6 Tab B is a memorandWll to the Deputy Director Administ ration tor Jour signat ur autborirlng this procedure · p l t acbmentsa 2 Tab A - Description of Project MKULTRA and the controls which will be exercised over its execution tab B·- lggested Memorandum from DCI to · · DD A authorizing payment of invoices ·· · • under Project TRA · Addressee Orig 1 w attachmenta · DD P_ - 1 v attachments · TSS 00 - 1 v attachment• Exec Reg •• 1 attachmenta - - · 0£-· - _ _ --·· - • '' i '·· • Distribution _ · · i _· ' ' 1' ' I II · - ----- ·- - ·• ·· I · · 11 'DV II • s i_ 87624 · - _ _ _- -_ - - --- - - -· ·' Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - • - of_ 2- co ies __ -' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ - pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515--------------- •V' •-··· • Secur1·ty r --··•·10n u• --····_ · J __ ·- ·· ' ' I -✓ • · • ' i ______________ t ____ • - --· ·- _ · 'l __ Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ pprove_d for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515--------- - _-_ - - - - - - - - - ' ' J· ' CRH _ · 8762 - T S Sea lty hlo li•• TAB A· PROJECT MKULTRA Extremely Sensitive Research and Development Programs 1 On 6 June 1952 the Project Review Committee approved the TSS Research Program for Fiscal _ _ _____ _ Year 1953 - 2 The PRC approval authorized the Director of Research at s discretion and with the approval of the Research Chairman to apportion an1 l obligate the research fun s among individual projects · such projects to be subject to the usual Agency procedures and administrative ·controls · · 3 1' his Research Program has been active1y underway since the middle of 1952 and has gathered considerable momentum during the past few months It is now evident on the basis of work cur rently underway that approximately 94o o of the projects contemplated can be handled through regular procurement channels by means of the customary contracts signed jointly by the Agency and the organization undertaking to carry out the work It has also become apparent that approximately 6o o of the projects are of such an ultra-sensitive nature that they cannot and •hould not be handled by m eans o contracts which would associate CIA or the Government with the work in question This 6 e of the· current research effort now lies entirely within two well-defined fields of endeavor namely • ·✓ca Research to develop a capability in the covert use of· biologicai and chemical materials This area involves the production of various physiological conditions which could support present or future clandestine operations Aside from the offensive potential the development of a comprehensive capability in field of covert chemical and bio- · · logical warfare gives us a thorough knowledge of the enemy's theoretical potential ·thus enabling us to defend ourselves against a foe who might not be as restrained in the use of this 1 J Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 ----------- ------ --Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C0 _6_ 5_1_S_ _ • J • •• · ECRET Sec urlty Information T S 87624 these te'chniques as we are Fo example we intend to investigate the development of a chemical material w uch causes a reversible non-toxic aberrant mental state · the • peci ic nature of which can be reasonably well predicted for each ·individual This material could potentially aid in discrediting individuals eliciting information implanting euggestion and other forms of mental _co_ntrol I· b Research and engineering development in the field Qf ' • · 4 It is highly undesirable from a policy and security point of view that contracts should be signed indicating Agency or Government interest in either of these two fields In a great many instances the work in field a must be conducted by individuals who are not and should not be aware of our interest In all cases dealing with field b it is mandatory that any connection with the Agency should be known only to an absolute minimum number of people who have been specifically cleared for this purpose In no case should any manufacturer or supplier be aware of Ooverrunent iirterest ·· · s · In many cases in field a where the researcher can be cleared and may be aware of our interest in the program he is unwilling to have his · name on a contract which remains out of his control in our files • Experience has shown that qualified competent individuals in the field of pharmacological physiological psychiatric and other biological · · eci ences are most reluctant to enter into signed agreements of any sort which connect them with this activity since such a connection would Jeopardize their professional reputations 6 Even internally in CIA as few individuals as possible should be - ware of our interest in these fields and of the identity of those who are wor ng for us At present this results in ridiculous contracts often with cut-outs which do not spell out the scope or intent of the work r SJCC 2'0 CWfa QC 2 S CA • 4·• 4 1 z i Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 • _ - ____ - ' _ _ __ _A_eproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 -- · l ' '- - ' '· rr l ' ' - i -- · • l iiori · 'Sec l h I T S 87624 I0 _ d hich cont n t rms·w ch he cut-out annot incorp rate i his contract' with ·the researcher without revealing Government interest Complete Government au_dits of such contracts are impos·sible for· the same reason i · 1 It is therefore requested that the DCI authorize TSS to handle 60 o of the previously approved research budget for FY 53 without the establishment of formal contractual relations This program will be known as· Project MKULTRA 1 8 It is suggested that payment of invoices under Project MKULTRA forwarded by TSS be authorized provided that · a the· total of such invoices does not exc ed Fiscal Year 1953 6% for · b the invoices carry a certification by the TSS Research Director that payment of funds is authorized and that the · invoices represent work accomplished within die program approved by the DCI under Project MKULTRA as outlined n this memorandum c the invoices carry the certification of the Executive Secretary of the Research Board that the scope of the prograt n h • been approved · d the invoices carry the certification of the cognizant TSS ·_ Division Chief that the work has been satisfactory from technical point of view• a • 9 It should be emphasized that this authorization does not involve any new allocation of funds but merely applies to a portion of a previously · approved budget that The TSS certifications mentioned above will mean a the project is being handled under the conditions set forth ID this description and specifically falls within one of the two ultra-sensitive fields mentioned above _ · · · b the project ·has been app oved in the manne provided or ID the PRC docu ent which originally set up and approved the over-all TSS Research Program Each project will thus have been presented by the Chief of the Division monitoring I · · - • · i0 tCRET Security lnformsrion t- ·' ' _ • 4 w · - ·• ····-· _ - •-- - - - - - - _ • -- - • 3 • - -··- -•· ···- _ _ _ _ __ - - · ' - - '-'' -- HIS V LfR • 4£ 4S- -¥C ·- i • · · - • ·· ·' · I · d tY f •• • _ - - f_ S c_opies_ ··-- -- - - _ - ·_ _W-_ _ t· - -¥ --- • ---- - ' Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 '' £ · · · - ----_- - - - --- - - Ape V d for Release 2019 04 03 C0676751 - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' ' - T S 87624 _ •- the work to the Research Directo_r and to the Research Ch irman and will have as in the past to be approved by both b_efore any expenditures are made c technical control over the project will be exercised by the TSS Division Chief and Project Engineers to the same extent now applying to projects handled in the normal fashion Technical reports will be rendered when necessary and advisable and will be available for inspection in TSS files t any time d in the case of each project TSS will reach an under standing with th individuals who will perform the work as to the conditions under which_ the work will be performed and reimbursement arranged No standard contract will be signed _In some cases when possible a memorandum of agreement will be signed and retained in the TSS files Under no ·cb-cumstances would copies of such agreements leave TSS files where they will be kept available for inspection e the manner in which the work will be handled and methods of maintaining Agency and Government sterility will be worked out with the Inspection Ii Security Office as in the past and clearance of individuals to the extent deemed necessary by TSS and I Ii SO will be obtained i lj 1 • • f invoices · when received by TSS will be forwarded to Finance Division for payment and will be certified as outlined in Paragraph 8 above Whenever documents are available supporting a portion or all of a given invoice such as cancelled checks r ceipted bills etc these will be requested by TSS and retained in the TSS files in support of the invoice where · they will at all times be available for inspection They will not be forwarded with the invoices Such documents at best ll only cover a portion of the total_ expenditures and regular · audit procedure will not be followed g other provisions an controls over the Res arc·h Program epecified in the original PRC approval will rem_ain unaltered ·· Technical progress under the separate projects handled under I · Project MKULTRA will be included whenever necessary in_ - • l Hi ' - ·'-· ' · f l L _ of 5 copies Copy 1 4 · -· · --- ----l r- •--l' 'l l J ' ' i - · s t JC fN J'_ Q N ¼J ' R 2 4 x q• - o w _s • • - - - • --• ' ----·· ---· -- _ • --- _ · _ • • • •· --r ··· - _ --· - __ __ _____________________ • - ·· • • • ----·· Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 • g - _ __ a- '· ar 'it -- _ _· _ --· - ' - -···· · ·- ·-_ Jlll I _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ap_proved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 -------------- · · r1· I L'- ' Jt'P · 'Secu l Y L rr fa•I · ·T S 87624 the regular progress reports now submitted by the Director of Research The monthly budget and financial report being submitted by TSS to DD A will include full financial infor tnation on these projects including how much of the · 6% has been committed how much has been spent and how much remains 10 The establishment and approval of Project MKULTRA will allow TSS to undertake highly desirable and necessary research in these two sensitive fields which would not_ be possible unless the work can be handled in this manner Distribution Addressee - Orig le 1 DD P - 1 TSS OC - 1 Exec Registry - 1 ' • ·· · • - ·- · '---· T SECrri f r rity lr crr 3tion Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 -------------- -- -- pprovecl_f _r_ Re leas _ _Q_ 1_9 04 Q- _g_q67675 5 ___--- ------------------ - - - - - - ' 'v-- - -- r el ' CRET r---- n un·ty In d l 1 i __ - s i I i • ' - 1· i I · · - ' t j Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ _ _ Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-----i SECRET · __ Y' Y ' tcilrlty Infonnalio CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY WASHINGTON 2 5 D e OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR MEMORANDUM FOR DEPUTY DIRECTOR_ ADMINISTRATION SUBJECT I Project MKULTRA - Extremely Sensitive esearc_h and Develoi ment Program - I On 6 June 19S2 the Project Review Committee ap rove4 the DD P TSS Research Pro 6 ram · for Fiscal Year 1953 z The PRC approval authorized the Director of Reeearch ·- at hie discretion and with the isproval of the Research Chairman to obll1 ate the research funds and ap ortion them among individual i ro-Jecta auch proJectl to be 111bject to the uaual A 6 ency procedure a and admini traUve controh · J A amall part of the Reaearcb Program· contem lated by TSS and dhcuaaed with me consists of ultra-sensitive work The nature of the research and the security considerations involved preclude h indllns the projects by meane o the usaal contr ctual agreementa - 4 I have therefore proved the obligation and expendlt11re by • TSS ol 6% of the tota l budget I already proved by the PRC for reaearch for FY '53 without the ignin of the ueul contracts or other written agreementa · · 5 Tbh _- will be handled a • Project MKULTRA Would you lease rr a e the neces1ary arrangen enta •o that lnvolcee lorwarded by T SS a_ lying to MKUL TRA will be paid 1 provided that 6o o· • a · ln the aggregate they do not exceed 6% _ witho1 1t fu rth r authorization from me 1 for FY '53 each Invoice h to bear a certillcatlon by the Chief _ SECRET '-' · ecurlty lnformatioa - ____· - ---- -_- _-_ ·- - -- ----- - - _ _ _ __ _--_ _-- _-·_ _·_ _·_ _·_ - __ _·__ _ _ - - -· - -_ -- l' ___Jj Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 1 ------ --- - - ------c--- ir1eiii···•· ia P ' Pr o v ed fo r_i R e lease 2019 04 03 C 0 6 7 6 7 5 1 J - - - - - - - - - - - - t • • · __· _ -· · - SECREi Q· · _ 1ecuri lnformat oll ·· ·· l4JI j ' - i · - DD P TSS aa the Research Director thit t the Invoice applies to Project MKULTRA and that the c nditlons outlined in the DD P memorand m for DCI clafed 3 April have been com Ued with The certification will also · request that payment be made of c the lnvolce shall bear the certification the Executive Secretary of the Reeearch Board that the aco e of the program has been approved · · d the invoice shall bear the certl i c -'tion - __ of the cognizant TSS Divhlon Chief that the work bas be n satisfactorily performed from a technica1 ·point of view and has been carried out in accordance wlth the understandings reached between TSS and the individual or concern doing the work 6 No furth r documents will be required to justl y payment of o the Invoices Exacting co_ritrol will be maintained over the Project by TSS Although rio formal contract will be· eigned it will occasionally be possible or TSS to 1lgn an informal agreement with the individual or concern performing the work In cases TSS will retain in it filea s all documents TSS will endeavor wherever possible to obtain documentary IU f•Ort of invoice• such as cancelled checd a receifted bills etc and theae will remain ln TSS files Such documents at bed will only cover a portion of the total ex enditurea and the regular audit procedure will not be followed suc·h 7 Other provisions and control over the Reaearch Program • eclfled in the original 1-RC ap roval remain unaltered The monthly budget and financial record being submitted by TSS to DD A will include • financial information on the work being conducted under Project MAU1 TRA ahowing how much ol the 6% ha• been committed how much ba• been 1pent and how much remain• Dlatrlbution Addressee - Orig • 1 DD P - 1 _ s5 0C - 1 Exec Reghtry - 1 4 ALLEN W DULLES Director Central Intelligence J SECRET fcurity Information - zApproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 r -· --------------- --------- _ ___ pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 -· · · Zl April 1953 MEMORANDUM FOR THE FILE Project MKULTRA SUBJECT · • 1 Project MKULTRA was established by means of a memorandum dated 3 April 1953 from DD P to DCI as a result of which on 13 April 1953 DCI wr_ote to DD A approving the project subject to certain controls and limitations which TSS has agreed to maintain · z In order to comply with these controls subprojects under MKULTRA will be handled as outlined in the DD P memorandum to the DCI dated 3 April 1953 In brief _ • A separate file will be kept on ·each subproject a The foundation of each file will be an agreement between TSS and the contractor outlining the work to be done the conditions under which it will be accomplished the estimated costs of so doing etc Wherever possible · this agreement will be signed by both parties but in extreme cases need not be signed by the contractor In such an event it is still necessary to prepare such a document outlining the verbal agreement and listing dates and places when meetings took place b At the same time the Division Chief will prepare a memorandum for file outlining the scope of the program the reasons for its activation etc 1 and containing all p rtinent information This memorandum will bear the · following PROGRAM APPROVED AND RECOMMENDED • APPROVED FOR OBLIGATION OF FUNDS -- -· 'i Research Chairman Research Director Date ' SECRET Security Infomiatio« -· 1_ e -c Jt f ¥• ---·- - PO OP ' tX _ _' ·- Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 r - - - - • - - _- - - - ---- - ----_ Approved J SEC 1 C Se 1o1ri1Y 1nform ' c for_ 3_E' lease 20J 9_ _0_4 _0_3 C06 6751- - - -------i When preparing b the Division Chief will also prepare a l lemorand m addressed to the Comptroller Attention Finance Division This memorandum will state that aubproject ___ has been approved and $_____ of the over-all project MKULTRA funds have been obligated to cover the project's expenses This memorandum will be •igned by the Division Chief and will provide space for the approval of the Re search Director and the Re search Chairman as outlined above This memorandum will - allow Finance to obligate funds so they will not be lost at the end of the Fiscal Year and will provide a document against which action can be taken when invoices are later presented for payment This memorandum should contain absolutely no technical details or information as to the scope of the work Copies of the memorandum will be prepared for Co mptroller Original and A Exec Sec'y Res Board - 1 TSS Budget - 1 TSS Registry - 1 Initiating Division whatever number is required d · Memoranda b and c will be presented together to the Research Director and the Research Chairman for •ignature Memorandum b will be returned for inclu_ • ion in the project file and memorandum c will be routed to TSS Budget TSS Supply It Services TSS Registry and Comptroller • • · e It will be the responsibility of the Division Chief handling the project to see that the Research Director is kept informed of progress and that reports correspondence with · the contractor and other documents are kept in the project · file f · When an invoice is received by the Division it shall be forwarded to Chief Finance Division a TSS Budget _ Officer 1 with a memorandum stating it applies to subproject ·under Project MKULTRA The memorandum -should provide· any special instructions involving method of payment · i e whether by check or cash etc The following certifications must appear on the invoice or be --- · _1 ·- SECRET • ecurilY tnfonnatiOII ' · 'i ____ 2 -_ ·-··-· _ _ -• · I i i_J c _ --- ---- ---- Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - - - - --1 - - -t-·- - --- - - ----- --Apprnv d for elease 2019 04 03 co5767515- ---- ------ ------- - -· SECRET fcc ty ·'J Inf ormatfccf attached to it 1 is lt hereby certified that this is Invoice No applying to subproject of Project MKULTRA that technical performari°ceby name o the contractor has been satisfactory th-' t the work was accomplished in accordance with the mutual ·agreement reached with name of contractor that this bill is just and correct and that payment thereof has not yet been made_ 11 ----------- - 7 -- '·1· - - ' 1 Date Division Chief 2 It is hereby certified that this invoice applies to aubproject under Project MKULTRA which was duly approvTd ind that the project has been carried out in accordance with the DD P memorandum to DCI dated 3 April 1953 and the DCI memorandum to DD A dated 13 April 1953 Payment is authorized and requested ----------- Date Research Director 3 It is hereby certified that the scope of the prografu of subproject ___ of Project MKULTRA has been approved Date ----------- • Exec Sec'y•• ltes Bd TSS OC c vsr jel 20 April 1953 • Distribution XSS OC Orig It 1 TSS CD - -1 TSS ADMIN - 1 ·seCRET Security lnForrnati Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 - -- - _ ____ 7 - i r- -- -------------------l ' PPr ved for Release 2019 04 03 C 0 6 7 6 7 5 1 5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1ii _ • • r·- --Ii ' ' • ··· _ ·· · '•w _w· I • '11 ilill -1 ·• - • ·•···•' · · Mil· e0i2-- --- --rw1----' ·-··uci'1·eic e••--·1e• ttCIF 6 ' 1' H-r • - · • • s - 'mart • SECRET - Iii· ✓- · - ' _ TECHNICAL SUPPORT 22 July 1960 ·MKDELTA MATERIALS Rescission - - - - - - - _ J 20 October 1952 l GENERAL MKDELTA materials are certain chemical and biological materials · Including K and L tablets capable of producing human behavioral or physiological changes Such materi s may be obtained only in accordmice with the provisions of this instruction · L b The provisions of the lnstructlon are not intended to cover those materials commonly known as harassment materials • I POLICY 'fte use of MKDELTA materials will be limited to situations in the exercise of official duties which clearly justify such use L b Their issuance wlll be strictly controlled and will require in each inatance ' he written approval of the Deputy Director Plans ' c MKDELTA materials not used for the purpose for which they were issued ·wtll be promptly returned to TSO on-the-shelf storage against possible ·· future needs will not be permitted I PROCEDURES L • Informal discussion of the requirement to determine its technical feasibility will be held with TSO before preparation of any formal request or any coordination with other elements • b Requests for the issuance of these materlal i will be prepared in memorandum form for the si ature of the Chief or Deputy Chief ·of the Op• uattng Division or Staff concerned No other signature ls authorized a Th1a memorandum will be routed first to any other dlvlsion s or staff s · whose coordination ls necessary then to the Chief TSD who will append h1a comments and h1turn lt to the originator for transmittal to the Deputy Director Plans for approval Transmittal of the memorandum will be · oa an Eyes Only basis d Procedures used in the past that may have differed from the ahem · DD longer be used I r ·t SECRET • 1 Pi wlll I 4v_ z • µoq 4 df_sci · - • J•• •fr e m _• A Gt- M · U t _ _p « » I • • z I• ecc __ - 41 ' •' ·•'i •-•• • Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 -- -- •• 4 4 µ - ·1 --- --------------Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 11 •• • ' • • '- __ _ • ••• SECRET - ---------- · TECHNICAL SUPPORT 22 ly 1960 C RECORDS The C hfer TSO will maintain a record or all Issuances to include the date of Issuance the name and signature or the immediate recipient and a reference to the approved memorandum request which he will keep ln a readlly avallable supporting file RICHARD M BISSELL JR Deputy Director Plans I SECRET Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ______ pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515-------1'l - ja · ·kt rms_·enw rr zr 1 rrt -ntit ifti r irter Affb i ±FiWit' Htetrits R2 1»· · a 5t trrerl tfEt brts 11£ • _ - -· _ · • f f • · I· r I 'I I • II I i ' · - 1· ' J'I ·- I'·· Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 rt •· I II L pproved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515' • • ' RESEARCH - FI PROGRAM 1960 h l· Wi672' Y 6a1 - 1962 1963 · Through TOTAL - A'7o- 1961 -e ·- MKULTRA 8 - Q' lO- -· -- 8 7 a o ·· ti0 q9 · 11 9 lt ITJ 7 3 May r o '• ' ' · AM· t j Y i ' U ' 6QJJQ6315 · · ·_ -_· · b 1 _--' b 3 8 Mr1J4 · _ _ _ -177 f c- ·· - -m · ' -' _ - 1963 · •· ' - - · f ' • •· ' v 1 · · - r 1 I 1-------------- ' Approved for Release 2019 04 03 C06767515 ' ANNOTATED EXTRACT FOLLOWS at c i t proscdurc s w ere 1 ivcd L the $u'bsequent 2 lministration of t he program h o' ·1 cver TSD has· io' l Ild it f easible to contract -for some he research on lviKUL'TRA objectives- in accordance with pre cribed • D D S pro- - c1u res - The bD S i_n turn has evolved various secure · S •stems for the fumling £ ensitive activities I t appears· feasible - - - 2nd 2 pp -opri2 t therefore to_fropose that the ·· · J D S be consulted - - I • The Inspector General _- ra a ccordingly has re o anded · - t system that does_j u t ce •t- his responsibilities as ell a s to the ·rnan ge- _· rnent and security rec_iu e- ents of TSD -- -· 2 · du -ing the re-chart r --- MKULTRA in the design of _ 2 dministr tive ii lj - t l l 14 i - •I ' 1 - - T e next p1i _e_ £ th MKV L'I'R A program involves physicians IC' · ox icol gis a ci i merrt a o ti s d g e rai •I I O · i 0 - - yx ' hospit 2 ls and in prisons wr o are provid d the products an fin lL---igs of · -- ' ' Tr ese - p ciali l·s are abo re cipic n t fer te tin g pn pos e s of md p ccc 1t r- s - ith ir tc lii r ncc pol c n i ' l may l 1 i c1 ntificrl thro tgh ti is r c I- 1 J· I subj ec t s I -· • the basic research projects and proceed with i n cnsive testing on hum an I i r ••