• • • SEC ION III REPORT OH OVE -tSE - S OP b RI TIO IS h TO IIC BO ll BY BRIG JI R G C HEhJ L T F FJ RrtLLL • DECLASSIFIED 3 7 Authority tJ Jl 7q005 • Cn 27 July 1945 I l•ft ashin ton D C with ar iv•cl Lt urun nd Tinin on l July locel ti e 1 • yo i i1 lb - fi•l on rations conn•cle wi• h the oeliv ry of the t Gu Jnran Iha a conf r•nce y instru vion W re to r•rrecent tocic bonts against iLh 'a jor Gt n ral Curtis Lel'ay in corunand of th• 20th ir Force i nd about to tecoci• Chil'f of Staff of thl' lJ und•r Gen -ral Corl pa· tz Moynuh n and jo• • Strate ic ' ir Force I reviel'ed ith Gen•n l Le''ay an Colonel E E Kirkplltrick the status of readinl'sS of our first ronb it aprearei thi t the lomb could be mnd• re·dy durin · tt e aft rnoon of 1 ugust local time • 'rr1e eath•' rr ictions indicated entir•ly unsuitab e eather for the next Eever 1 days • Satisfactory arranJ ents for the oper•tion wer• m je rith General Le ay who st·t•d that everyt in• required of tlie Air Forces to make the mission successful cot ld be count• the on Th question of targets plt n of operation number of airplanes to accomrany ission and oth r operational phaees were di cussed and r gree i to Ster leavin' General Le' oy I had a brie confer•nce with Admirr l Che ter • icit an gi ve him a nt inirn I met ear Adcircl general outline of the plans for operations ho re resented t dr iir l Kin and v ho ha liavy • f rnell the job of coordinctin our o er ior s nis contoc s i th the Admiral end staf f prove to be of gr• at v lue I cet Captain lao at Tinian o brou ht S Farson S in ch r6e of th tech ical grot p from e me up to date on the status of our operation ct finiliil r hae the boob was mi ae ready during the day hh the o 1 A st Tinian tim• th• ather ov•r tl I Ja ane se Empire and bet11e' n t 1e I ariannas and th - Em ire reoained so bad that it im o dbl• to take off until th e11rly corr in • o·• 6 e i •riod or 1 Augt st to 6 ugust tests Ylere r of bomb nud pl ns •re rerfec ed 'or the • an 11 all on reh« arsal units 01' th• at- • n type elivery of U e lit•le oy'' · fir strik• mission left ' 'ini an Ev ryone Tlork d t 0516 Z 2 45 - • 6 i- ugust inian time trike airplen• cont in I one Lit• l• Eoy bo b ibletts c I Yias rilote by Colonel T o ul Capt in Parsons was the- t chr ico l of icer in he airrl e res• onsible forte care nni operation oft e boob w1til i ts release- over the tar 1 e ceai urinc i r for decisions In t o accompanyin1 f - 29 1 s v ere ob ervers from our pro ect com• rnin · its t cticr l use cnrry n D ring th 01 1 t ba i e The st local tie 0 trumeni c 1 ct r -re s for obia rvin£ nd r•cordin 7 • eff c a of he bo b Colonel Kirkpatrick took' t•chnicnl ·rour to Io Jima in a c-r4 nir l n• to etand • ty in ca e it beco e necessary for tie strike Eirplnne to 1 na at Io _red o tr n fer t bo 1 to a spare T- 'C cir 'lane e t re i lane left r cisely t e ini n nt f oc ithout in·i l'nt - ule ti • w ic SEGRH 338 he rarty wo s r •- inian Lo r o limn hey nr ived at the t r et nnd as 9 15 • 6 nu u t ini r tio• I DECLASSlFlED Authority rJtJ t qoo5j • ri r ere l- r et • s err i n ov r tl e th rep targets an a ·ns her i e weat er was rerorte a ood at 11 of tie t rg•tn It okur reporte 1 u hat t e e cont ini1 m•rican as ell a tar ' t on t fir t t e effec'ivene e s oth•r riser e llie i sion ev n thou •h it of tie bomb as of I ar c p ri on rs fokura us ne de nllt ber of Prison•rD was not k own • ' 'condnry tar t rok r iroshima it ll in tt• vicinity of It •xact loc£ tion nd econ lliry rat er t an a rri ry betLe r t rget from th oint of vi o•' e inforffl tion about t h rrison•r o war c mp remnined in efinite and after an exch n ·e of mess g• - ith t e nr ' partment it v as determined tat it ol ld not be a controllinE f1clor in the selection of targets ou l move prisoners of - ar to all ·ood target areas if th Y h d any thought that 1 e wer avoidin as he Janan •• such tnrcets l ecause of hen n hi h Lht loc tion of th c r 11 riority than i auasaki becau • I a a t Un the second cission Y okura ki as roor target ue to its irregular shi pe and siz and a large rercentaee of the blQst of the bomb wol ld te outsi e Ue built up ereas get visual bombin · s ki 1 d t at so e 'agasd i Trus bombed tecai se our strike t tokura It develore tat th e as a rrison r of war cac 0 'isible results greater than Gon_iticns norm l in airrl ne following d liv r here were no fi•hters an n interro ation imm diotely aft r the retur t er in•ense l i •ht a hi ge turtulent cloud toilin a ol serve l 'l y our aircraft hocks w re fe t in th it loo ed as to al l e s Its h tho ·roce din to Ti i n • iucete u U t inian time I urk k i'wo distinct rhe entire city rey Jus t ayer ted t lea t 3 ile hole tol'fll was bein fire to 40 000 feet an1 o heavy sustnined blast • s fllr aw y as J6J nautic· l nil s e ti o o iroshimn The Justly r s One observer remarked t t torn ap•rt ith colu1 ns of duet ourin out of the • ouchln tt1e town e •t1 th 11 t TiniU1 pi ot with th later dat ion r ceiv oir1lanes froc t e fie rs fro r ur of hi h rankin 1 r u ocks was severed by a the return of the thr a 1 re rinity lew effects include· the ball strike airplane simi lar to heavy f exce·t t e outerco tends of nt e- 11 ul s gi en bri fly in C rtain Farson ' s r dio r essoge we e co'lfirmed und amplifi T e cloud - no flak The three a i rp anes returned to inl n ut J 00 F •• 6 • u o ted to me by radio fter the bocb was released as fo iows sults cle·r cut wuccessful in all respects rexico te t in fev prison•r v ere made casual ties by our bomb in • fron the strike eirFlt ne fifte n minutes t irplnne could not a- arranged a special cooe Y ith Captain rrrsons •nd her I asted other istin · ish ro et at th re n GU6 lll inclu in 11 other crew 'oration i ion they tz S rvice Gros b ho e step ectli ic l p r onnel acco - t r 39 when fiel I DECLASSIFIED Authority tJtJD 7 Oo5j q • Two hot o raohic inian time fro irrlanes returi to Tir itn the target which they ha t 9 00 I vi ited fe hours 6 u•ust fter the atrikP hey rep rted that on er rival at th tar et thnre Vias a high cloud to a height of 40 000 fe t over tl e ref Only the se ends of the docks 1· er1 vi i le part cf the cloud had a bluish tint n s oke and dust las a br on1ish yel lo a r ea r ich b prearect to be l· reely There ere f'evera l fires visible near the dock leca s of the dense smoke it wap irpos i ble to determine the ma nitude of t e ires • the lover pb rt ihe hi · lr One obser ver comment ed that i Ytas so solid one coulc olk on it st• tej it was fc r wocse than l agoya after e 400 r lrne trike vi sibl e from e dintance of 250 miles s olidity of the smoke cloud notnE r l'he cloud v es first All wer e i mr r essed wit the extr ere density and The photoer E·phs taken on the fir st ptoto r ·pnic uis- ion -aho ed litt l e of the ef ects beca use of the obscuri nz by the cloud of almo t the enti re c ity Addi t ionr l phot ogr aphs were taken the next day Wl the tncl ysis of these photo- ir For ces ind ica ed t he ar ea of t oti l destr ucti on was about 60% of the a r ea e r a-hs by t e of Le city On t he day after the Hi r oshi r ia str ' ke rtdmir nl Purnel l Cartuin Parsons and I conferr ed with Admir al i imit- end ener al Spat at Guam on the que tion of futu-P tar get s mess age as sent you r ecommending that the question of tar-eti s 1oul be reviewed th t larger targets shoul 1 be r rovided hat vi sual bombin · shoula be no longer r equired and tlat t he t a rget list should be revised to include sever al l ar ge ci ties It was r equeste1 tLat t he region of Tokyo be included as a tar et l ecause of i ts gr ea t psychological value war s over in a fev days and ifter our e tin • ith 1 decision on our r e coo 1endati ons became unnecesf'ery rt 1th at lecst 100 newsmen pre Fnt • a j ar oynana r and I atten ed • he ir l i mitu u r a Sraa z ccl ed a pr ess confer ence Admiral Purnell Ci pta i n Pa r sons Colonel Tibcet t s he story or the r i roshi n attac s t r uck tne a udience ith a terrific i m act even thoueh a few hour ' earlier t hey bed beer d t he Fre sBent ' s announcece1 t of t e operation roje t he news •n ·er keen for every let il of t he o r at i on c nd tne lhey w•re p rt i cul i rly impatient of the r estrict i on which r equired them to senj t heir stories to a hingto·i for clearance 0 Durin · t he r est of tr e day t he available coo muni - cations bE came so overloaded arl'J the rresisure f om the newsC11 n so grea t thr t I sent you a essage recomoen in· tnat the ar Derartment l i ft t he r e t r i cti on requi r ing ell s tor ies t o • cl ear hroU ' policy tdc asnington and perCJit clearance i n t l-e tr eat er in accor iance with the information yo ad r vio·1sly i ssued l 'efore day br e ek the next d y the e sar e lift ing t he r strlction was received E nd that decision proved to ce a gr eat hel p t o the ner smen r l v t e o eratln11 communication system of an intolerabl It a l so c used by tie flooa of res stories DECLASSlFIED 340 Authority rJiJD 7 qoo5'l • Pro a nn a r• r t e iro On th rt en• t Je en cny Lill 0 i structicr n a rropagan1a campai n again t the eapon incl l t strike I r ceive i II' its so a· inst • iro hi oa jor it r tion with to i cl tde l af- 'he cw ip 1 n w pror ag nda consi ere a propria1 e I in conr mrir th fr on han assistin t and securir tr e fulles C'oorer tiot from C CP C of tl1e ir For • initiate pror iptly a rroJJLt Ln a qarn ai n rich included terr oaration n J • di ribul ion of le flets broadcastin anese over jio uip n en the rintin • citie Tie rl trate ic via short wc ve v ry fift at Suip nan i tributio of a Jananese le nguage newspaper wl ic1 inclu e ires i a strike er 1J VY ttie e•crirtion n im t o er i n r ire h hoto raph of the nd ·reposed ro· r in· sixte n i lion le flets in th 1 o LJ tions of 100 000 • t rio f 9 • h se cities repreeente ays on 47 Ju pane e more t n 4 of the nopul t·on E• Eroadcast of tro a•and t recul r intervals over Ra io istribution of 500 00 cori s of Jaranese stories n picture er es n i• illl-C I p rs cont inin of the atomic bomb stri e The campaicn continued until the fo pLne started tone o•i t t that time ome six million leaflets an1 v urce umber of ne for surren er pers ha been dropp Erief rfdio broadcasts in Ja aneee hu teen c rr i ed out at re u t r fifteen minute int r vals N l un ' KI STHil'E fter th • vn learn in of ne aeseobly work for t ho Fut tcl e cf for t VII e earlJ mornin t ' rove u ti fi ctory of ba rhe Hot or t i C ie• our wico pl ted test of 9 i he Jeci eel 9 1 ni r r tar 0 of t e provi e ow- fin 1 t e ready t o' th ir rr'ate ' carry t e Ptrike air 1 ne r t a fun •ti t twas 10 45 • • ONU ti I • s l i n t Iwo i atus ef ort ev rytt in co l 1 t_ e ar i ·ri e m nd rea ines sh or or nr ivin ut t loccl u ust t 3 4 i n t r e_ out to te 'ort lll t r e' acco ani I by two c t ervi ir er vie J TO u st loc l ti 1 • ttack for 11 u • fort ot time r y on t at 1th n all ou eat er ft lin· n co II 1 tri e pr J m It was eter ine t e • r-he ul that bed weather wa ti t • iroshim strjke wi ec k J r Lrp ne if r - 0 i DECLASSlFIED 41 Authority tJtJD I qOo5Cf IS • ort d t t he r i C t r et 11as clou ed cheer then as beil sr ioked over visu lly h3 • enou •h fue to 0' inat u l it as n fe l trief second y l 1or- 1n run on t okura the tar t but n the e unsu · ·es ful runs t t re 1 i 111' l'i jor e eney conferre nou•h ot l OIL cl e and • J c one run on the f'econ £ry tar et ai usr 1 ar - then he l ornb I ur 'herf3 was int e w to fuel tor turn to Iwo Comr un er 1 shv orth r they rl r ps reach ad a v·e1 of the tar et for a an · s released and detonc teri in the cente1 of the highly indus- triuiized region of l agasaki fuel to reac • Or arri ✓t-1 at Qf3 tnr ete-rmin _ nt to •·ag scki a e a ra ar ur r roac They l OU C el yeJ irplanc c trike irn 1 ne fuc to reach C in WC i the bo nb w s carrie ht _h y C ifty minutes of time l'le e used UJ r de of the fuel f'UrT ly ' i th o wi ti out the bomb f cleur vi n t T S itin • for the OCCO tnyin· 11 un-'ble to tor ornir cev r 1 Jif 'icu-ti ion encounter nea 1 ttie T p nA 't t 1e 1 ri1 The strike cirplcne then Okir ar a I i 1 h t · rf J Y enou h ent t tli t roir t teat a s• ecial code C oml l inder sh1 orth reported to vi sui lly at 11 5 •I • 9 1u ·ust ' init 11 time a asrki haJ bepn booted There vi no fi 1 hte r oprosi tion an no flak lie r port in ic ted eome uncertainity of r sults and sug ested a conference be ·ore t king furt er action tle reported that the visible effects llP e red s irna ani indicate tat therP w-s l arely e oug t t eq ial to t o e at iro- fue to reach Okincwa L e that ni ht the strikP airpline and the accorarr ny· · airplane• rµturned from Okinav a to Tinian an- at the interrogation t e follo1 ii ' infer ution r as obtE inel cloud cov r was bad at the time of tl e strike r n th Coa nander sh1'orth after co sultinrr with all ti crews nd observers E t vkir llwa felt con- f dent exact oint coul l not te The bomb s si ti sfactoril placed over tne ta r t ht t t et rmine wenty mi nutes aft r the explosion the southPrn ed e o· tile cloud as tnni ent tote nortu end of agasaki harbor with c-·ty vi il le the southeastern part oft • und the bwnrs greateI' than nt i1iroshir ia ' 'h re er 'l'he bombardiPr reporte fast r ttan at Tne f ash as bri nter that it 'Kas his view t at The cloud was lr er and tne tomb struck Pear the ittiubishi Steel or • an ny fire oved ur hi•her irosrillk Tne first rhotographs taken four hours after tie strike sho ea so much of tie c 1ty cov re Luter by cloud s oke and dust t hoto•raphs sho1 th cons· der£ ble portion of th t it as i14 ossible to as es- accur t ly the d- p entire industrial part o • Pilot s e@ney an of t e OU L i t ry fe 1 e t ta residential sec ti n u s either molly or partia ly de troy6 In vi oft e dif icultie an agusaki was destroyed un encountere the l e rfor 1 nce of Collll le nier e ere - of the comb t airplanes as of hi· t chric •rour at t satisfuction in th b s in Tin· n success of t 342 o fi'S or• er outst n in rations lJ n c an ork hror rfor an ·e all con erned day and ni ht • to t t 1 ht s o r onr el - erceiv • th i t nc a h wno t coorer t ion i r cnk i n t eir rojec t tte i hly csrrie Jl b rke tt e job a aucce h r- irc l Furr ell l10l t U h I vy t 0 inv luable ui he 509th Comf oslte hie rou tr 'in- of thei r tho ou ht r esult per onnol evident t1ot th only s urr n1er wa ess• rnti 1 r itL Ylere fl ov n frc hi le t e scien ific an a at • r tte ' JS e r e dy St nltt I flans ' icoort nc as nd equi been carr iej out ent er secure ci ent iric to inclu ine the d e and resource el ya in securin irec by troo s at by t Lt Colonel y y to k nt r t bi il h n not r equi ed tarrlarj EU - ie s pl ont of t e s over to the Island Co an er l4l'n at an t ti h ar Jernrt- o o Tapan as t i on i n t 0011 as pos ibl to ntc ic f ielJ wit in Ja an sak i t o er eek on the effects of tho bo rticularl the rad i o- activity o sent from t he o to Japan nn yoe L Colonel tar or Warren L'C nit d St•tes t o join the mission n fro i ner· 1 to e11ter uarters two grou s of agnsaki Tbe fir ried t e roun Th re 1 cc rthur' s hend uart rs irosn c o and a ·as ki edical personnel t ·rou ere en ied by s ent to olonel ccnuso of the l a te dates the groun1 be n maae for flyin two citi s bef r the tar ·et and else- tion cone r ing t he Japanese ac tiv- of atomic en r gy ent er J pan il to cleurances froo the 8th t1rm en ral chrt ur' s hea t e s econ or an · e i n the fie Joint e troo s to •o into Hiroshi a r r en an a or g nized to secure infor or nel of t he mi s i on to fort groups to Hiroshi i tior 1 cedic 1 per onnel er r ere 11 • n s osit ion i tel l i·e ce infor edical As ecial sect ion wa and l y enti a l for t Ork bo i n dee v- a e conditi nun t heir t lss io11 s tl an unus Wl an ties kno l e co ponent s of t e a t least six cont hs for n decision a t your Jirection a ere stand b r quest thet t ey le kept t l tmne ' 'eve· in LUrned over to t he Island Co n er nt 'till be as e I 'a terials and equi Fment e ere taken out to sea and dwnpe ss bly unit h ve b en put i n a anxious to r e tt rn Y1 e 1e aJ e clear to t hem i n the rnitcd Stat wit tec'l ical per onnel thi t tue war apr esred at cm en- u y a ccepted r ea i l y t he need to st n t e t ni ted Stet s have been ret ur d so plary rroject per ronnel oal - to n n of c Cemobili i1 tion ha • ork in as placed in a posi tion of r Frad i ness so th ta t omb cou d be re 'oiv o o no • e tee ift1 ns and 1 out • h 1 r r ran eo nt s wi unlif i e y r le ·or e obilluation i n s ccesr ive stai es llben or er s for sucl deoobi 1 i ' t ion T Ou l it bo l t t o eliver tho lo b f or del·v r y a s soon a ere in l e n ft r i t beca t lii s ion YIO 11 es eci ly t r in i n • r t for •ottin ut o t ·oo eration b tw en h as th orces a er t on i on fa i les troo s bot •r u in Japan rriv arty of about fift en of icers enli t t DECLASSIFIED 34 3 -- 1- ' -f Authority rJiJD 7 q005' J • 5 1 k i n a on thou·h I w nt bJ nir the okotaoa re ion on JO rot e te ber rthur's r t pectlon o • citie aine ure l eir sonnel in or effe t of icial rrom Gen r 1 olone Y arren rou nd a r of officials an studies of Jet ii isleading hc t poison gases were released at the t i e g ate ient co cernin leading Jupanese scientist s i s rel€a i J ai anese ar • s that the ev Ct ation per onnel ere in iroshic 0 1 ordered e d ft n ou • cit 1 of ny l ui 1 ir sti n i arou 1 t e ou er he tr ie tr een 80 90 ne iu ire 5h thr e n n thr e ile t iles • h n ri 1 on • fe ut· rn eid Lll i r la t brl ge Lui re nearly thre ills int rve in to th biles miJ e a Li F e r 1 t g i 1t roofs om ·1 h re le0 from oint of al ost co r 1 etely OS ile everyt i n i h roof i s blasted estroye •e uo to five miles e nt in owe ore out an C er l 1 los v in ur n were A fire stcrt int riors intact exce t for Tr ivl u 1 warebou rec ved in street u e tr e out f it cert r was leveled bout t renty 1 ell built structure of masonry and ve torn lo ich ile ttere ins are obout half re destroyed but nost oojer bri alb o dqu art r tel reC1B i n s t an in• inc ntr 1 port ion oft e city but 11 are troy ius r r viour- ere a e inspirin ny cor iu oft o i 1 e the d m• e ir •enernl y sli ht •lass br oken up to twelve l'TOU t e cit r ilit ar To a r pt the entire ar a etween two itn so e 'urnin• 0 g r i r clujir • the Jbi anese etonati or 1 1e are Oe1' lolis Pith r destroyed e rt tory ny casunlt i ess ntial y 1 ' t t stat to carry out evacuation 0 000 lit tot lly d stroyed buil in•s exceeded 1 • prroxioately JO OOC Jean -mer i can ner stuI i se n •'rom th irosbirna the that hP thouaht explos i or cll utiht by explosion of the Lob sufferin e Te visual rest lt at r ere oth ci-nti ic technical ad en inoerin per- r ress gave out of ra i -3ctivity r ial ti t tre edical c ince that dot persoruel ho came into the ar a to a ist in evactaltion w re injured n ac- r that 11 ll rffects of th comb r ey be uete c ine- 1 Te Ja an it pos ible un 1e a sloil r in- tudies at r ugasaki c ntinued by our n ui ' 1 r 1 off cer of our i eople nd two me i m kin· further i s'on Okina a to J pan on 7 ires ima fer seve rui di y uf er 8 Septem in er 1- ich lber er t 'it u i r limine ry ill i ectj_ n of iroslli u r1 e h s bee la tin rou a • stki on 13 ar d J e tee er of icers r Colonel ith o Th re Im le ireliminnry arrongemen s for cur J t my reque t Colonel ar en c me fro and 9 o e to J Ft w- til 'Se t • nee t e 8th Army Comnan in r rty i he Cbl S re coll sed rotect d fro the r der i ed int e fer st on nd unt in re t the o ier in iros 1m t' O ill DECLASSIFIED 44 Authoril ' tJtJ '710o5j • 3 00 oun ed ne tie d incl staf r-cn o ere orts on ccsu J ti ki ed an at least th lt eca milit ry n as ac t i r e oun censure Colo 1 nt wr 'c e ho uo_one ny arren uc s ar one was foun to n 0'8 sult from the ill fires on t e 11 oul e caused by radii tion round tre ts a e It is beli ve time of th_ exrlosion rs of ·s as a to loc tior s of t ome of th m coul rre i i nfry inv sti e b t a ius in ic te the as of rn en r at•r po n bl ll' 8 a o t twice t de P r Vin s rrovi e • in fro a single n • e at 1 er f that f ct ares th urv of d tonation e tL e the b a t ve mina y bu in• truct r issiles l tion t the or other obstruc- l u e ste l i e or s by b ast ar outstan in• rro f of th The rug e rrt till ali I fire enormous --teal frura sand buil in s are p shed away ft n the r vines Te blow r si entiel ar a f ctionin hous r indicates in• steep hills and torri in incl end follo e ar t es 1 ithin a two thousand foot rat r or es er de ree to the entire city gasaki e i t nee of e truction o work r irosh i ma nd l ft a etor t ion e de tru tion of e vy in1us rial bui - t lar ely in ustri l to th e oun a 1 a• th shi estruct on of t n concl sione i •a ki sho ed more Bf ct cular effe ts then ·reuter po muc din a n r al t tin of r et nation in uc hi er r nge o · t an t J de tr i ion of the tore o orks b bla--t a 1 one t ro ortion af ec ed ir i· uals at the Fer ons coul torage tonks and many reinfor•eu cou ·ete en r iroshima pro- It is Colonel nrren' s o in ion by Colonel llrren tl at the t i ons from tt o'f cts of the heat ir t or of gam a radiation at the •1 e of - etonntion and that they di1 not re- or 'lames en- still be within the com ar ti el li i e • ere not etermino if · tient i wh -ere affect d l y rar liation resulte blast effects of the weapon would be incre i i•her have examine a nUJ lber of atients rrev t t e deposit of much rul ic- activity o tho iros i in le tes UC n re or ti e of the b ast 8ll1 on the results from the le lexico tert as r 1 T run ero it of dan•crous amount of rudio-act ivity on tne gro md at - iro--hi - s ie at fater d t s f'ron th initic4 effects of tie are be ed on the i ·or aticn obtuino ioul e r ersonnel to he actual nw nd his rarty of coctor t at th injuries to those ex osur Oun nti e hi n rren concludea that the l rg st nu ber of c s • l ti 1 •• v r be kno n xrlosion on ere casuc 1 ti s by our sci ntific bably rerult froc blasts missiles e 1 rob L 1 en rel ir co sen• t i'18 t i So e fi•ur civil of 'icials any radio-uct vity rres t r t ry an i i •ht be t' y tile • m1111y V the Co while o tnat s struck ore or 1 s stan - iroshima is flt and ad DECLASSIFIED 345 Authority tJtJD 7 q0o5' • Point of p one o t r ind fr 8 n Jpr xi une tat roun ur t b ir t fi e un r et r ow c r esti ·ted point of burst of compl le emolition of Jaranese col-apsed wall r s w11s observed u Lrick smoke stacks its wa s ire of ei t thous oint on ius feet • oof are ork rr' hoce t thr e mi U t two miles an1 last e lass l'any examples of brick v alled structur s hDve re displac crack d nd ove turned u to four prison as aemolishcd at_ Jistance of one thousund fe t and inch concrete hL The northern ordnance f ctory distance four thous nd fe t was stripped of corrueated iron a ls anc roof out an re fro i in ' incur inforc d concrete walls were destroyed at studied thousc nd fe t distance s ·iven iu whee occl toro0 rarhy ave exceptional sh 1 inr do ca e oc ur ei to much reater distunc • be n foun' I end are bein on t le- Fr limi ary survey of b ast shows the r orkers homes to ce ei roof dume ·e to tiler of tie vy type t o ttousand feet istc shed but r•rtly st ndin' for al radius excert ins ecial case • 11 o· charrin orth -rt of cent r of s fe t is one thousan rst as f 'ect i al frtil le ork Jestroyed and overturned of li· ht type of steel fr lllle cons ruction h The structw es i The steel destroyed but in a dition it Tas cwert by fire ow sa hes were pushed ordnance factor orks to the south was sioil rly Lengt of burned or idth is six thous nd feet in the nort ern rart oft were city is thr e miles ills r ort east e d w t of the city Tiere scorched t y radiant heat at distance of se len thous Uld fe t The J anese o icials rerort th•t r o one nho ent r the bl ist crea fro t e out- s e after the explosion has becone sick n noval doctor on boarJ the hospit shi oet•l roo e l over th bl6st urea and e a ea c eek ur ook sa ple of le- activity irt ood and lo evi ence as disc-osed of cny radio-activity nth mate ials collect · - e Japanese report no destruction to shippin • to suferstruct res inclu1ing broken glas tons in size There in July as no croter ht th r UL er t e roint v bout one thir r ere over one hun red st ru rerorted c1ater ne r t r w re kill urn Let e n burni in i r o f sin of the ro r s pane e harbor as t e result or ear r a brief Ullmary of t e J kilo eter 41 ius of or line timber f the arbor of h·c er bings v t the tine of y visit the crater had b en fL e foll t f th exr osion t re ht the tice 'o destructive wave was 1roduced officialn st t • nll boats i o e hur rd shi s an in harbor exce t cinor laJ 18 _e burni it r et er il ad ' those out i e b en on COl CU ki o et r ion or t our kilo 1 1 s anese u iicie l r ar y r l l bui i J46 wo kilo ort on th exrlosl r b rnin • t o e tnsi e b ters r ost 11 11 bui in n a about h lf about 8 twe f lf i o- DECLASSWIED A uthoritv J JJ qoo5'l I t r ar ig t h lf of h fe llocet rs atout he lf ui Jln s w re r oun J 11 ero estr yd re las w s broken oun1el and half rer u iined uninju ot ecn ei ht kilo anct tiles loosened Cas alties reported are dead 19 743 misrin• 1 927 burned 11 ht least C O houses chools and colleges w re destroyed rtt least fifteen ot er major builaings telegr•rh pub ic ehind hills were protec oun1ed 40 993 ouses blast d and c d houses lf 11 Ten large factories were destroyed One rricon completely destroyed und burr re J croyod end rest dama·e ater suprly rail ays and shops of all kinds one to telephone Jetailcd reports explosion by Japanese officials •i e a story quite close to vhct we knowled e of the operation rs v hich includes J·rc ctically every 11ome in l'ai asaki had at east cinor daoa· such as broken Glas • hreas fifteen ki4o L 4 houses blasted nou burned 2 52 hcu·e hdf burne i l blast01 _91 Nineteen t rs r bout f the old exrect from our The ropulation of· ·gasaki at the time of th blast i reported at aprroximately 280 000 Since the date of the rreliminary eX llllination our m dical nd scientific personnel have ma e u detuiled check of i o casaki for radio-activity and found no crnsurable radio- activity any- here in the area I is also indic ted that th casi clties t agaso ki 11er-e much higher than given above Cajcr Ro't cr• • 'ur nau was head of the grou1 char ith colle tl 1 • infor lUition of the Japanese kno lea e o ctiviti sand resources in th ato ic t the tie I ield left Jeran his investi 1 ation had rro re ssed far enouuh to det r ir e that ma e little or no rrogre in the atomic field an that their resources int e prep red by ajor Furman and a complete rer ort ill be tur s fro • nited States Jr c ihom relimin ry elC8 l linati n of iro ica OU ert t act as rrry deputy is reciuinir Ott r r port r I returned to t e ri •adier eneral J will be 8de by tte technic 1 T' e i an in Jo pan to complete th t itamination to cet the final report of Ja unese activitie ill arr n•e for the return to the t nite f1 • 'ag s Jci eavir J pan on 15 Septe ber Tokyo ti e of llroshims an acasaki en by the u mit ed as soon as the rarty re- Jo r n After t an a7 of ores I have o lr ady •iven you an interim report terials were exceedingly small and ot er bad States of all of our rou ho in the atomic er on l ent from Site Y to inian r onr el who remained in Japan aft r my return • • 347 DECLASSIFIED Authority tJtJD I 10o5j