FREEDOMS-2-5-00808849 F-2016-01355 Key Kev Issues Regarding Mitigation •• •• •• •• •• •• F-2016-01355 Should a global global goal with mitigation Should there there be be a goal associated associated with mitigation efforts efforts o should It relate to temperature e g degrees emissions zero or o If if so so should it relate to temperature e g 2 2 or or 1 5 1 5 degrees emissions e g e g zero or negative emissions carbon neutrality or other negative emissions carbon neutrality or other o if if so so should year e g e g 2025 2050 or no year o should It it relate relate to· to a a particular particular year 2025 2050 or no year Should Parties be free to determine their mitigation contributions or should Should Parties be free to determine their mitigation contributions or should there there be be limltatlons e g that that only only certain reduction targets targets limitations e g certain types types are are allowed allowed e g e g reduction quantified quantifiable ones other Should so Should mitigation mitigation contributions contributions be be differentiated differentiated and and if if so o through o through the the self-differentiation self-differentiation that that emerges emerges from from nationally nationally determined determined contributions o on categories categories e g Annex I I non-Annex developing o based based on e g Annex non-Annex I I developed developed countries countries developing countries countries most countries emerging emerging economies economies mlddle-lnc ome middle-income countries most vulnerable vulnerable countries agreed crlt rla countries LDCs LDCs SIQS SIDS categories categories based based on on agreed criteria other other o based on on types types of contributions rather o based of contributions rather than than types types of of Parties Parties Should there be Should there be a a common common timeframe timeframe and and If if so so o should It be an·end o should it be an end date date or or commitment commitment period period o should there be regular updating of contributions what should the o should there be regular updating of contributions and and if if so so what should be be the Interval interval between end dates periods o only for Parties using markets Should there be rules for the contributions and if so Should there be rules the implementation implementation of of mitigation mitigation contributions and if so o in which areas e g methodologies land-use and other types of accounting o in which areas e g methodologies land-use and other types of accounting markets avoidance of markets avoidance of double-counting double-counting other other o flexibility in In the the application application of o should should there there be be flexibility of such such rules rules What should be the the role of the respect to use of of market market mechanisms What should be role of the agreement agreement with with respect to the the use mechanisms e g for the use of regulate Parties' e g establish establish mechanlsm s mechanlsm s under under the the agreement agreement for the use of Parties Parties regulate Parties' use of mechanisms outside the agreement provide for limited regulation of outside use of mechanisms outside the agreement provide for limited regulation of outside mechanisms with respect avoidance of mechanisms e g e g with respect to to avoidance of double•countlng double-counting other other for 1 of 4 2 FREEDOMS-2-5-00808849 F-2016-01355 · Key Kev Issues Regardlng·Adaptatlon Regarding Adaptation 1 • At the macro global macro global level level oo · how should the how should the agreement agreement raise raise the the political politicalprofile profileof ofadaptation adaptation oo how how can can it prioritize prioritize action action for forthose those people people places places ecosystems ecosystems and andsectors sectorsthat that are most vulnerable to climate climate change change oo should should there there be be aa global global goal goal with with respect respectto toadaptation adaptation IfIfso so qualitative qualitativeor or quantitative quantitative If If quantitative quantitative which which metric metricwould would be beused usedto tomeasure measureIncreased increased reslllence · resilience •• At At the the Party Party level level what what should should the the agreement agreementrequire encourage require encourageParties Partiesto tod o dowith withrespect respect to their their own countries to oo national adaptation adaptation planning planning oo are are there there Incentives incentives for for Parties Partiesto to mainstream mainstreamadaptation adaptationaction actioninto intob'roader broader development pathways recognlzi g that adaptation be efits are felt most development pathways recognizing that adaptation benefits are felt mostdirectly directlyat at the local rather than global global level level oo other oo should such provisions provisions apply applyto to all all Parties Parties • In terms of Institutions International institutions internationalcooperation cooperation oo how how should should the the agreement agreement carry carryover overexisting existingadaptation adaptationdecisions decisions Institutions institutions and and mechanisms · mechanisms Into into the the post-2020 post-2020 period period oo what what should should the the agreement agreement provide provide In in terms termsof ofcooperation cooperationwith withrelevant relevantoutside outside organizations • Should Parties put put forward forward adaptation adaptation contributions contributionsand and Ififso so of ofwhat whatkind kind F-2016-01355 2 of4 of 4 3 FREEDOMS-2-5-OO0O8849 FREEDOMS 2·5-00808849 F-2016·01355 F-2016-01355 Key Kev Issues Regarding Finance Finance I • What should climate climate finance finance look look like like in inthe thepost-2020 post-2020period period o What are the roles o roles of ofthe the varlo s variousInstitutions mechanisms Institutions mechanismsthat thathave havebeen been established since 1992 1992 including including the the GCF GCF o What Is o is the role role of of the the Copenhagen Cancun Copenhagen Cancun moblllzatlon mobilizationcommitment commitment o Who are the expected contributors and recipients taking Into expected contributors and recipients taking intoaccount accountevolving evolving national circumstances circumstances and and capabilities capabilities and and the the needs needsof ofthe thepoorest poorestand andmost most vulnerable o o How should finance finance be be mobilized mobilized from from aa dynamic dynamicbase baseof ofsources sourcesand andtypes typesInin order to have maximum maximum transformational transformational Impact impact o o How should Parties Parties be be encouraged encouragedto to engage engagein in activities activitiesto toimP rove improvetheir their enabling environments environments to to support support the the flow flowof offinance finance 1 F-2016-01355 3of4 3 of 4 FREEDOMS-2-5-00808849 F-2016-01355 Elements Elements” -- Mitigation Mitigation Note Note Inclusion Inclusion of ofan an element elementis isfor forillustrative illustrativepurposes purposesand anddoes doesnot notnecessarily necessarilymean meanitit enjoys enjoys widespread widespread support support Article X X - Mitigation •• provision on on aa global global goal goal --- ititcould could relate relateto to o temperature o temperature e g e g 2 2 or or 1 5 1 5 degrees degrees emissions emissions e g e g zero zeroor ornegative negativeemissions emissions carbon neutrality or or other other metric metric o o •• a particular year 2050 or year e g e g i02S 2025 2050 or no noyear year provision on maintaining maintaining mitigation mitigation schedules schedulesreflecting reflectingnationally nationallydetermined determined contributions commitments contributions commitments V •• provision provision on on types types of ofclarifying clarifyingInformation informationto· toaccompany accompanythe the schedule schedule such suchas asthe thebase base year period the gases gases and and sectors sectors covered covered the the percentage percentageof ofnational nationalemissions emissionscovered covered and and overall overall emission emission reductions reductions anticipated anticipated to tothe theextent extentthe theland landsector sectorlsisincluded included aa specification of how how It it will will be be accounted accounted for for Ififaa Party Partyintends intendsto touse usemarket marketmechanisms mechanisms aa description of the Intended intended use use and and how howIt it Intends intendsto toavoid avoiddouble-counting double-counting for forany any emissions projection BAU BAU projection projection or orintensity intensitytarget target aadescription descriptionof ofthe themethodology methodology and assumptions other • provision containing containing or or calllng callingupon uponthe the Parties Partiesto todevelop develop applicable applicablerules guidelines rules guidelines such as related to a common common tlmeframe timeframe type type of ofmitigation mitigationcontribution commitment contribution commitment landlanduse accounting other other aspects aspects of of accounting accounting markets markets which whichpart partof ofaa contribution commitment contribution commitment can can be be conditional conditional etc etc •• provision on differentiation differentiation such such as as self-differentiation self-differentiation through throughnationally nationallydetermined determined contributions commitments two contributions commitments two or or more more categories categoriesof ofParties Parties such suchas asAnnex AnnexI I nonnonAnnex I developed countries countries developing developing countries countries emerging emergingeconomies economies middle-Income middle-income countries most vulnerable countries countries LDCs LDCs SIQs SIDs categories categoriesbased basedon onagreed agreedcriteria criteria etc etc types of contributions or or other other approaches approaches •• provision on on regular regular updating updatingof ofcontributions commitments contributions commitments including includingthe theagreed agreedInterval interval between end dates periods reference referenceto to future futureconsultative consultativeperiods assessment periods assessment processes call for Parties Parties to to develop develop specific specific modalities modalities •• F-2016-01355 other provisions as as necessary necessary 4of4 4 Of 4